阅读说明：本技术 全自动试管传输系统 (Full-automatic test tube transmission system ) 是由 何子昕 陶洁 彭为生 于 2021-09-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明旨在提供一种能大大提高工作效率、降低工作人员操作风险的全自动试管传输系统。它包括链式传输装置、自动取盖装置以及自动加盖装置,所述自动取盖装置设置在所述链式传输装置起始段的任意位置上,所述自动加盖装置设置在所述链式传输装置结束段的任意位置上；当所述链式传输装置将试管传递至所述自动取盖装置所在位置时,所述自动取盖装置对试管进行定位、取盖,并将取下的试管盖放置在指定位置；当所述链式传输装置将已开盖试管传递至所述自动加盖装置所在位置时,所述自动加盖装置对试管进行定位,并在指定位置上取下试管盖安置到试管上,所述链式传输装置将试管带离,完成自动传输过程。本发明可应用于医疗检测、科学实验领域。(The invention aims to provide a full-automatic test tube transmission system which can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the operating risk of workers. The automatic cap taking device is arranged at any position of an initial section of the chain type transmission device, and the automatic cap adding device is arranged at any position of an ending section of the chain type transmission device; when the chain type conveying device conveys the test tube to the position of the automatic cap taking device, the automatic cap taking device positions and takes the cap of the test tube, and the taken-off test tube cap is placed at a specified position; when the chain type transmission device transmits the uncapped test tube to the position of the automatic capping device, the automatic capping device positions the test tube, takes down the test tube cap at the specified position and arranges the test tube, and the chain type transmission device takes the test tube away to finish the automatic transmission process. The invention can be applied to the fields of medical detection and scientific experiments.)

1. The utility model provides a full-automatic test tube transmission system which characterized in that: the automatic cap taking device comprises a chain type transmission device (1), an automatic cap taking device (2) and an automatic cap adding device (3), wherein the automatic cap taking device (2) is arranged at any position of an initial section of the chain type transmission device (1), and the automatic cap adding device (3) is arranged at any position of an ending section of the chain type transmission device (1);

when the chain type conveying device (1) transfers the test tube to the position of the automatic cover taking device (2), the automatic cover taking device (2) positions and takes the cover of the test tube, and the taken-down test tube cover is placed at a specified position;

when chain transmission device (1) will uncap the test tube transmit extremely when automatic capping device (3) position, automatic capping device (3) are fixed a position the test tube to take off the test tube lid on the assigned position and settle the test tube, chain transmission device (1) takes away the test tube, accomplishes automatic transmission process.

2. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: get and cover device (2) including getting and covering fixed bolster (4), set up get on covering fixed bolster (4) get cover actuating mechanism and respectively with get that cover actuating mechanism is connected get the lid module and get the lid and place the mechanism, it is in to get the lid module including getting lid mouth (5) and setting get on lid mouth (5) inner wall get and cover buckle (6), it is provided with spigot surface (7) on lid buckle (6) to get to cover mouthful (5) inside formation down the narrow inner chamber in the width, get to cover buckle (6) with get elastic connection between lid mouth (5) inner wall.

3. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: get lid placement mechanism and be in including setting up get the electro-magnet on the lid actuating mechanism and get lid push-and-pull module (8) and get the lid clamp and get the module, get the lid and press from both sides the module including getting lid casing (9), with get first ejector pin (10) and the setting of lid casing (9) vertical direction sliding connection and be in get on the inside wall of lid casing (9) and cover clamp piece (11), get lid clamp piece (11) with get lid casing (9) inside wall elastic connection, first ejector pin (10) with the electro-magnet is got lid push-and-pull module (8) and is connected.

4. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic cover taking device (2) is further provided with a cover taking positioning mechanism which comprises a first positioning pin (12) and a first roller (13) which are arranged on the cover taking driving mechanism, and the first positioning pin (12) and the first roller (13) are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance.

5. Fully automatic test tube transfer system according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: get and cover actuating mechanism including setting up get on covering fixed bolster (4) get and cover perpendicular motor I (14), get and cover perpendicular motor II (15), with get and cover fixed bolster (4) vertical direction sliding connection's first vertical sliding block (16) and first positioning sliding block (17), with first vertical sliding block (16) horizontal direction sliding connection get and cover sliding block (18) and set up and be in get on covering sliding block (18) get and cover horizontal motor (19), get and cover perpendicular motor I (14) with get and be equipped with first gear I (20) and first gear II (21) on the transmission shaft of covering perpendicular motor II (15) respectively, first vertical sliding block (16) with be provided with first rack I (22) and first rack II (23) on first positioning sliding block (17) respectively perpendicularly, first gear I (20), The first gear II (21) is respectively connected with the first rack I (22) and the first rack II (23); a transmission shaft of the cover taking horizontal motor (19) is provided with a first gear III (24), the first vertical sliding block (16) is horizontally provided with a first rack III (25), and the first gear III (24) is connected with the first rack III (25); the cover taking and pushing module (8) and the cover taking and clamping module are arranged on the cover taking sliding block (18) through the electromagnet, the first positioning pin (12) and the first roller (13) are arranged on the first positioning sliding block (17), and the cover taking opening (5) is arranged on the first vertical sliding block (16).

6. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the automatic capping device (3) comprises a capping fixed support (26), a capping driving mechanism arranged on the capping fixed support (26) and a capping placing mechanism connected with the capping driving mechanism, the capping placing mechanism comprises an electromagnet capping push-pull module (27) arranged on the capping driving mechanism and a capping clamping module, the capping clamping module comprises a capping shell (28), a second ejector rod (29) in sliding connection with the capping shell (28) in the vertical direction and a capping clamping block (30) arranged on the inner side wall of the capping shell (28), the capping clamping block (30) is in elastic connection with the inner side wall of the capping shell (28), and the second ejector rod (29) is connected with the electromagnet capping push-pull module (27).

7. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 6, wherein: the automatic capping device (3) is further provided with a capping positioning mechanism which comprises a second positioning pin (31) and a second roller (32) which are arranged on the capping driving mechanism, and the second positioning pin (31) and the second roller (32) are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance.

8. Fully automatic test tube transfer system according to claims 6 to 7, characterized in that: add and cover actuating mechanism including setting up add on fixed bolster (26) add lid perpendicular motor I (33), add lid perpendicular motor II (34), with add lid fixed bolster (26) vertical direction sliding connection's second vertical sliding block (35) and second location sliding block (36), with second vertical sliding block (35) horizontal direction sliding connection add lid sliding block (37) and set up and be in add lid horizontal motor (38) on adding lid sliding block (37), add lid perpendicular motor I (33) with be equipped with second gear I (39) and second gear II (40) on the transmission shaft that adds lid perpendicular motor II (34) respectively, second vertical sliding block (35) with be provided with second rack I (41) and second rack II (42) on second location sliding block (36) respectively perpendicularly, second gear I (39), The second gear II (40) is respectively connected with the second rack I (41) and the second rack II (42); a second gear III (43) is arranged on a transmission shaft of the capping horizontal motor (38), a second rack III (44) is horizontally arranged on the second vertical sliding block (35), and the second gear III (43) is connected with the second rack III (44); the electromagnet capping push-pull module (27) and the capping clamping module are arranged on the capping sliding block (37), and the second positioning pin (31) and the second roller (32) are arranged on the second positioning sliding block (36).

9. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the chain type transmission device (1) comprises a chain (45), a motor (46) arranged at a turning part at one end of the chain (45) and a rotating shaft arranged at turning parts at the other two ends of the chain (45) and matched with the chain (45), wherein a chain wheel (47) connected with the chain (45) is arranged on a transmission shaft of the motor (46), the chain (45) comprises a plurality of chain links, and each section of chain link is fixedly connected with a test tube seat; the transmission mechanism (1) is also provided with a guide groove (48).

10. The fully automated cuvette transport system according to claim 1, wherein: the test tube seat comprises a tube cover table (49) fixedly connected with the chain link and a test tube rack (50) hinged with the tube cover table (49), a positioning hole (51) and an extrusion block (52) are arranged on the test tube rack (50), and a pressing inclined surface (53) is arranged on the extrusion block (52).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a transmission system, in particular to a full-automatic test tube transmission system applied to the field of medical examination and scientific experiments.

Background

Full automation and intellectualization are deeply involved in various fields, become advanced and developed pronouns, and are no exception in the medical industry. Among them, blood examination is one of the common test items in hospitals, and it is an important detection means that can determine whether abnormal conditions such as anemia, diabetes, blood diseases, etc. occur in a human body through blood analysis and detection. In hospital laboratories today, the transportation of blood samples still relies heavily on manpower, namely, the transportation is completed by adopting a manual transmission mode between laboratories and between instruments through a test tube rack, the working efficiency of the mode is very low, and the workers often need to transport the blood samples with covers opened, the risk of blood sample overflow or pollution can be increased in the transportation process, especially, the blood samples of some infectious disease patients can bring great threat to the physical health of the workers, and the requirements of the existing automatic laboratories cannot be met.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a full-automatic test tube transmission system which can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the operating risk of workers.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the automatic cap taking device is arranged at any position of an initial section of the chain type transmission device, and the automatic cap adding device is arranged at any position of an ending section of the chain type transmission device;

when the chain type conveying device conveys the test tube to the position of the automatic cap taking device, the automatic cap taking device positions and takes the cap of the test tube, and the taken-off test tube cap is placed at a specified position;

when the chain type transmission device transmits the uncapped test tube to the position of the automatic capping device, the automatic capping device positions the test tube, takes down the test tube cap at the specified position and arranges the test tube, and the chain type transmission device takes the test tube away to finish the automatic transmission process.

Further, get and cover the device including getting and covering the fixed bolster, set up get on covering the fixed bolster get cover actuating mechanism and respectively with get that cover actuating mechanism is connected get the lid module and get the lid and place the mechanism, it is in including getting the lid mouth and setting up to get and cover the buckle on the lid mouth inner wall, get and be provided with the spigot surface on the lid buckle get inside the narrow inner chamber in wide down of forming of lid mouth, get cover the buckle with get between the lid mouth inner wall elastic connection.

Still further, get lid placement mechanism and get lid push-and-pull module and get lid clamp and get the module including setting up get the electro-magnet on the lid actuating mechanism, get lid clamp get the module including get the lid casing, with get lid casing vertical direction sliding connection's first ejector pin and set up get on getting the lid clamping block on the internal lateral wall of lid casing, get lid clamping block with get lid casing internal lateral wall elastic connection, first ejector pin with the electro-magnet is got lid push-and-pull module and is connected.

Still further, the automatic cover taking device is also provided with a cover taking positioning mechanism which comprises a first positioning pin and a first roller which are arranged on the cover taking driving mechanism, and the first positioning pin and the first roller are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance.

Still further, the cover taking driving mechanism comprises a cover taking vertical motor I, a cover taking vertical motor II, a first vertical sliding block and a first positioning sliding block, the first vertical sliding block and the first positioning sliding block are arranged on the cover taking fixing support in a sliding mode in the vertical direction, the cover taking sliding block is in sliding connection with the first vertical sliding block in the horizontal direction, and the cover taking horizontal motor is arranged on the cover taking sliding block; a first gear III is arranged on a transmission shaft of the cover taking horizontal motor, a first rack III is horizontally arranged on the first vertical sliding block, and the first gear III is connected with the first rack III; the cover taking and pushing module and the cover taking and clamping module are arranged on the cover taking sliding block, the first positioning pin and the first idler wheel are arranged on the first positioning sliding block, and the cover taking opening is arranged on the first vertical sliding block.

In addition, the automatic capping device comprises a capping fixed support, a capping driving mechanism arranged on the capping fixed support and a capping placing mechanism connected with the capping driving mechanism, the capping placing mechanism comprises an electromagnet capping push-pull module arranged on the capping driving mechanism and a capping clamp module, the capping clamp module comprises a capping shell, a second ejector rod connected with the capping shell in a sliding mode in the vertical direction and a capping clamping block arranged on the inner side wall of the capping shell, the capping clamping block is elastically connected with the inner side wall of the capping shell, and the second ejector rod is connected with the electromagnet capping push-pull module.

In addition, the automatic capping device is also provided with a capping positioning mechanism which comprises a second positioning pin and a second roller which are arranged on the capping driving mechanism, and the second positioning pin and the second roller are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance.

Furthermore, the capping driving mechanism comprises a capping vertical motor I, a capping vertical motor II, a second vertical sliding block and a second positioning sliding block which are arranged on the capping fixed support and are in sliding connection with the capping fixed support in the vertical direction, a capping sliding block which is in sliding connection with the second vertical sliding block in the horizontal direction, and a capping horizontal motor arranged on the capping sliding block, wherein a second gear I and a second gear II are respectively arranged on transmission shafts of the capping vertical motor I and the capping vertical motor II, a second rack I and a second rack II are respectively and vertically arranged on the second vertical sliding block and the second positioning sliding block, and the second gear I and the second gear II are respectively connected with the second rack I and the second rack II; a second gear III is arranged on the transmission shaft of the horizontal motor, a second rack III is horizontally arranged on the second vertical sliding block, and the second gear III is connected with the second rack III; the electromagnet capping push-pull module and the capping clamping module are arranged on the capping sliding block, and the second positioning pin and the second idler wheel are arranged on the second positioning sliding block.

Furthermore, the chain type transmission device comprises a chain, a motor arranged at the turning part at one end of the chain and a rotating shaft arranged at the turning part at the other two ends of the chain and matched with the chain, wherein a chain wheel connected with the chain is arranged on a transmission shaft of the motor, the chain comprises a plurality of chain links, and each section of chain link is fixedly connected with a test tube seat; the transmission mechanism is also provided with a guide groove.

And finally, the test tube seat comprises a tube cover table fixedly connected with the chain links and a test tube rack hinged with the tube cover table, the test tube rack is provided with a positioning hole and an extrusion block, and the extrusion block is provided with a pressing inclined plane.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention presets a transmission path in a working range required by a hospital laboratory or a laboratory through the chain type transmission device, realizes a full-automatic test tube transmission function, and improves the working efficiency of workers; when the chain type conveying device transfers the test tube without being uncapped to the position of the automatic cap removing device, the cap removing positioning mechanism is matched with the test tube seat to fix the test tube without being uncapped, and the cap is removed by using the cap removing module; when chain transmission device will uncap the test tube transfer extremely when automatic capping device position, capping positioning mechanism with the test tube seat cooperatees, fixes uncap the test tube, utilizes add to cover and place the mechanism and add and cover, accomplish the test tube and get the lid automatically, add the lid function, save artifical process of uncapping, avoid staff's injured or infected risk, improved the work safety nature.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention as a whole;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the automatic cap removing device;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the automatic lid removing apparatus;

FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the automatic cap removing apparatus;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the automatic capping device;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of the automated capping device;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion of FIG. 1B;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the test tube holder.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the automatic capping device comprises a chain type conveying device 1, an automatic cap taking device 2 and an automatic capping device 3, wherein the automatic cap taking device 2 is arranged at any position of the initial section of the chain type conveying device 1, and the automatic capping device 3 is arranged at any position of the final section of the chain type conveying device 1;

when the chain type conveying device 1 conveys the test tube to the position of the automatic cap taking device 2, the automatic cap taking device 2 positions and takes the cap of the test tube, and the taken-off test tube cap is placed at a specified position;

when chain transmission device 1 will uncap the test tube transfer extremely when automatic capping device 3 is in the position, automatic capping device 3 fixes a position the test tube to take off the test tube lid on the assigned position and settle the test tube, chain transmission device 1 takes away the test tube, accomplishes automatic transmission process.

As shown in fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 5, the automatic cover taking device 2 comprises a cover taking fixing support 4, a cover taking driving mechanism arranged on the cover taking fixing support 4, and a cover taking module and a cover taking and placing mechanism respectively connected with the cover taking driving mechanism, wherein the cover taking module comprises a cover taking opening 5 and a cover taking buckle 6 arranged on the inner wall of the cover taking opening 5, a guide surface 7 is arranged on the cover taking buckle 6, an inner cavity with a narrow width at the bottom is formed inside the cover taking opening 5, and the cover taking buckle 6 is elastically connected with the inner wall of the cover taking opening 5. In this embodiment, two get and cover buckle 6 and pass through the spring symmetry setting and be in get on the inside wall about lid mouth 5, guide surface 7 can be the indent cambered surface. When the automatic cap taking device 3 takes caps, the cap taking port 5 is aligned with uncapped test tubes and moves downwards, test tube caps slide into the cap taking port 5 along the guide surface 7 and extrude the cap taking buckles 6 outwards, and as the left cap taking buckle 6 and the right cap taking buckle 6 form a space with a wide bottom and a narrow top in an inner cavity of the cap taking port 5, the cap taking port 5 moves downwards to form an inverted buckle action; the test tube cover passes completely get behind the lid mouth 5, get and cover buckle 6 and reset and block under the test tube cover lower extreme under the spring action, later get lid mouth 5 and be in get and cover actuating mechanism effect and move up down, extract the test tube cover.

Get and cover placement machine and construct including setting up get cover actuating mechanism's electro-magnet and get cover push-and-pull module 8 and get the cover clamp and get the module, get cover clamp get the module including get cover casing 9, with get cover casing 9 vertical direction sliding connection's first ejector pin 10 and set up get on the inside wall of cover casing 9 get cover clamp piece 11, get cover clamp piece 11 with get cover casing 9 inside wall elastic connection, first ejector pin 10 with the electro-magnet is got cover push-and-pull module 8 and is connected. In this embodiment, get and cover clamp block 11 and set up through the spring symmetry get on the left and right inside wall of lid casing 9, it is provided with the indent cambered surface on the contact surface of cover clamp block 11 and test tube lid to be equipped with the chamfer in the bottom. In this embodiment, get and still be provided with in the lid casing 9 and get and cover limit slider 54, it establishes to get to cover limit slider 54 on first ejector pin 10 get to cover limit slider 54 with it still is provided with between the top of the inner chamber of lid casing 9 and gets to cover limit spring 55, get the lid entering as the test tube get in the lid casing 9 and quilt get the lid and press from both sides when tight the piece 11 presss from both sides get to cover limit slider 54 with get to cover limit spring 55's effect down, avoid get the lid and press from both sides and get the excessive pushing down of module, cause the injury to test tube lid or test tube.

The automatic cover taking device 2 is further provided with a cover taking positioning mechanism which comprises a first positioning pin 12 and a first roller 13 which are arranged on the cover taking driving mechanism, and the first positioning pin 12 and the first roller 13 are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance. The cover taking driving mechanism comprises a cover taking vertical motor I14, a cover taking vertical motor II 15, a first vertical sliding block 16 and a first positioning sliding block 17 which are arranged on the cover taking fixing support 4 and are in sliding connection with the cover taking fixing support 4 in the vertical direction, a cover taking sliding block 18 which is in sliding connection with the first vertical sliding block 16 in the horizontal direction and a cover taking horizontal motor 19 arranged on the cover taking sliding block 18, a first gear I20 and a first gear II 21 are respectively arranged on transmission shafts of the cover taking vertical motor I14 and the cover taking vertical motor II 15, a first rack I22 and a first rack II 23 are respectively and vertically arranged on the first vertical sliding block 16 and the first positioning sliding block 17, the first gear I20 and the first gear II 21 are respectively connected with the first rack I22 and the first rack II 23; a first gear III 24 is arranged on a transmission shaft of the cover taking horizontal motor 19, a first rack III 25 is horizontally arranged on the first vertical sliding block 16, and the first gear III 24 is connected with the first rack III 25;

the cover taking and pushing module 8 and the cover taking and clamping module are arranged on the cover taking sliding block 18, in this embodiment, the cover taking and pushing module 8 includes a first power supply 56 arranged on the cover taking sliding block 18, a first electromagnet group 57 and a first piston pushing and pulling rod 58 slidably connected with the first electromagnet group 57 in the vertical direction, the first piston pushing and pulling rod 58 is fixedly connected with the first ejector rod 10, the first power supply 56 is electrically connected with the first electromagnet group 57, and the first piston pushing and pulling rod 58 slides up and down in the first electromagnet group 57 by an electromagnetic principle to drive the first ejector rod 10 to eject the test tube cover. The first positioning pin 12 and the first roller 13 are arranged on the first positioning sliding block 17, and a spring is arranged between the first positioning pin 12 and the first roller 13 as well as between the first positioning sliding block 17, so that the device is protected when being pressed downwards; the cover taking opening 5 is arranged on the first vertical sliding block 16.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the automatic capping device 3 includes a capping fixing support 26, a capping driving mechanism disposed on the capping fixing support 26, and a capping placing mechanism connected to the capping driving mechanism, the capping placing mechanism includes an electromagnet capping push-pull module 27 and a capping clamp module disposed on the capping driving mechanism, the capping clamp module includes a capping housing 28, a second push rod 29 slidably connected to the capping housing 28 in a vertical direction, and a capping clamping block 30 disposed on an inner sidewall of the capping housing 28, the capping clamping block 30 is elastically connected to the inner sidewall of the capping housing 28, and the second push rod 29 is connected to the electromagnet capping push-pull module 27. In this embodiment, the capping clamping blocks 30 are symmetrically disposed on the left and right inner side walls of the capping housing 28 through springs, and concave arc surfaces are disposed on the contact surfaces of the capping clamping blocks 30 and the test tube caps, and chamfers are disposed at the bottoms of the capping clamping blocks. In this embodiment, it still is provided with in the casing 28 to add to cover and covers limiting slide block 59, it establishes to add to cover limiting slide block 59 on the second ejector pin 29 add to cover limiting slide block 59 with it still is provided with between the top of the internal chamber of casing 28 and adds and covers limiting spring 60, get into when the test tube lid add to cover in the casing 28 and quilt add to cover and press from both sides tight block 30 when pressing from both sides tightly add to cover limiting slide block 59 with under the effect of adding to cover limiting spring 60, avoid adding to cover to press from both sides and get the module and excessively to push down, cause the injury to test tube lid or test tube.

The automatic capping device 3 is further provided with a capping positioning mechanism, which comprises a second positioning pin 31 and a second roller 32 which are arranged on the capping driving mechanism, wherein the second positioning pin 31 and the second roller 32 are arranged on the same horizontal plane at a certain distance. The capping driving mechanism comprises a capping vertical motor I33 arranged on the capping fixing bracket 26, a capping vertical motor II 34, a second vertical sliding block 35 and a second positioning sliding block 36 which are in sliding connection with the capping fixing bracket 26 in the vertical direction, a capping sliding block 37 in sliding connection with the second vertical sliding block 35 in the horizontal direction, and a capping horizontal motor 38 arranged on the capping sliding block 37, a second gear I39 and a second gear II 40 are respectively arranged on the transmission shafts of the capping vertical motor I33 and the capping vertical motor II 34, a second rack I41 and a second rack II 42 are respectively and vertically arranged on the second vertical sliding block 35 and the second positioning sliding block 36, the second gear I39 and the second gear II 40 are respectively connected with the second rack I41 and the second rack II 42; a second gear III 43 is arranged on a transmission shaft of the capping horizontal motor 38, a second rack III 44 is horizontally arranged on the second vertical sliding block 35, and the second gear III 43 is connected with the second rack III 44;

the electromagnet capping push-pull module 27 and the capping clamping module are disposed on the capping sliding block 37, in this embodiment, the electromagnet capping push-pull module 27 includes a second power supply 61, a second electromagnet group 62, and a second piston push-pull rod 63 slidably connected to the second electromagnet group 62 in a direction perpendicular to the capping sliding block 37, the second piston push-pull rod 63 is fixedly connected to the second push rod 29, the second power supply 61 is electrically connected to the second electromagnet group 62, and the second piston push-pull rod 63 slides up and down in the second electromagnet group 62 by an electromagnetic principle to drive the second push rod 29 to push the test tube cap out. The second positioning pin 31 and the second roller 32 are arranged on the second positioning sliding block 36, and a spring is arranged between the second positioning pin 31 and the second roller 32 and between the second positioning sliding block 36, so that the device is protected when being pressed downwards.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the chain transmission device 1 includes a chain 45, a motor 46 disposed at a turning position of one end of the chain 45, and a rotating shaft disposed at a turning position of the other two ends of the chain 45 and matched with the chain 45, wherein a transmission shaft of the motor 46 is provided with a sprocket 47 connected with the chain 45, the chain 45 includes a plurality of chain links, and each chain link is fixedly connected with a test tube seat; the transmission 1 is further provided with a guide groove 48. In this embodiment, the chain transmission device 1 is designed to be triangular, and the motor 46 and the rotating shaft are respectively located at three corners and connected with the chain 45 through the chain wheel 47, so as to realize an automatic transmission function.

The test tube base comprises a tube cover table 49 fixedly connected with the chain link and a test tube rack 50 hinged with the tube cover table 49, a positioning hole 51 and an extrusion block 52 are arranged on the test tube rack 50, and a downward pressing inclined surface 53 is arranged on the extrusion block 52. In this embodiment, a torsion spring is provided at the joint between the tube cover 49 and the test tube rack 50 to prevent crushing of the test tube; the test tube rack 50 is also internally provided with rubber strips, so that the test tubes placed in the test tube rack are more stable in the transmission process; in this embodiment, the tube cover 49 is higher than the test tube rack 50.

In this embodiment, when the chain type conveying device 1 conveys the test tube without being uncapped to the position of the automatic cap removing device 2, the cap removing vertical motor i 14 and the cap removing vertical motor ii 15 are simultaneously started, and under the cooperation of the first gear ii 21 and the first rack ii 23, the first position sliding block 17 slides downwards, so that the first positioning pin 12 is inserted into the positioning hole 51 to position the test tube seat, and meanwhile, the first roller 13 is contacted with the extrusion block 52 on the adjacent test tube seat, presses downwards along the pressing inclined plane 53 and generates a transverse force, so that the two adjacent test tube seats are clamped, and the purpose of fixing the test tube is achieved; at the same time, under the matching of the first gear I20 and the first rack I22, the first vertical sliding block 16 slides downwards to drive the cover taking module and the cover taking and placing module to move downwards simultaneously until the test tube cover completely passes through the cover taking opening 5 and enters the cover taking shell 9, at the moment, the cover taking buckle 6 is clamped at the lower end of the test tube cover under the action of a spring, the cover taking clamping block 11 clamps the upper end of the test tube cover, the cover taking vertical motor I14 rotates reversely, the cover taking module and the cover taking and placing module move upwards simultaneously to take out the test tube cover; then the cover-removing horizontal motor 19 is started, the cover-removing placing module is horizontally pushed above the tube cover table 49 under the matching of the first gear iii 24 and the first rack iii 25, the first power supply 56 is started, the first electromagnet group 57 is electrified and pushes the first piston push-pull rod 58 downwards, and the first ejector rod 10 is driven to eject the test tube cover downwards into the tube cover table 49; after the cover is taken out, the first vertical sliding block 16, the first positioning sliding block 17 and the cover taking sliding block 18 reset, the chain type transmission device 1 works, takes the test tube away, and transmits the test tube to the position of the automatic cover adding device 3.

In the present embodiment, the operation principle and process of the capping driving module, the capping positioning module and the capping placing module in the automatic capping device 3 are the same as those of the automatic cap removing device 3, and therefore will not be described here.

Finally, it should be emphasized that the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary and not restrictive, since various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, it is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, improvements, and equivalents that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention.