阅读说明：本技术 一种基于物联网的变压器状态获取系统 (Transformer state acquisition system based on Internet of things ) 是由 丁煜 李伟崇 周文洲 杨文良 赵亮 姚文 于 2021-08-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种基于物联网的变压器状态获取系统,包括数据获取模块、数据传输模块、数据处理模块和预警提示模块；数据获取模块用于通过无线传感器节点获取变压器的状态数据,并将状态数据传输至数据传输模块；数据传输模块用于将状态数据传输至数据处理模块；数据处理模块用于基于状态数据判断变压器是否处于异常状态；预警提示模块用于在变压器处于异常状态时,根据预设的提示方式发出预警提示。本发明采用无线传感器节点进行状态数据的获取,避免了设置相关的供电线路以及通信线路,能够有效地降低对本系统进行运维的难度。(The invention provides a transformer state acquisition system based on the Internet of things, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module and an early warning prompt module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a transformer state; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring state data of the transformer through the wireless sensor node and transmitting the state data to the data transmission module; the data transmission module is used for transmitting the state data to the data processing module; the data processing module is used for judging whether the transformer is in an abnormal state or not based on the state data; the early warning prompting module is used for sending out early warning prompts according to a preset prompting mode when the transformer is in an abnormal state. According to the invention, the wireless sensor nodes are adopted to acquire the state data, so that the arrangement of related power supply lines and communication lines is avoided, and the difficulty in operation and maintenance of the system can be effectively reduced.)

1. A transformer state acquisition system based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module and an early warning prompt module;

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring state data of the transformer through the wireless sensor node and transmitting the state data to the data transmission module;

the data transmission module is used for transmitting the state data to the data processing module;

the data processing module is used for judging whether the transformer is in an abnormal state or not based on the state data;

the early warning prompting module is used for sending out early warning prompts according to a preset prompting mode when the transformer is in an abnormal state.

2. The transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a wireless sensor node and a forwarding base station;

the wireless sensor node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station;

the forwarding base station is used for judging whether the state data is error data, if so, discarding the state data, and if not, transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station.

3. The transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things of claim 2, wherein the forwarding base station is further configured to divide the wireless sensor nodes into monitoring nodes and collecting nodes at preset time intervals;

the monitoring node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the collecting node;

the collection node is configured to transmit the status data to the forwarding base station.

4. The internet of things-based transformer state acquisition system according to claim 2, wherein the data transmission module comprises a wireless cellular network communication base station;

the wireless cellular network communication base station is used for receiving the status data sent by the forwarding base station and transmitting the status data to the data processing module through the wireless cellular communication network.

5. The system for acquiring the state of the transformer based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein the step of judging whether the transformer is in an abnormal state based on the state data comprises the steps of:

acquiring the data type of the state data;

acquiring a normal value interval of the state data based on the data type;

and judging whether the numerical value of the state data is in the normal value interval, if so, indicating that the transformer is not in an abnormal state, and if not, indicating that the transformer is in an abnormal state.

6. The transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things according to claim 3, wherein the sending of the early warning prompt according to the preset prompt mode comprises:

and sending out early warning prompts in a pop-up window early warning or audible and visual alarm early warning mode.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of state monitoring, in particular to a transformer state acquisition system based on the Internet of things.

Background

The monitoring of the transformer state is beneficial to ensuring the safe operation of the transformer substation. The traditional mode of monitoring the transformer is generally to monitor the transformer manually and regularly, but the monitoring mode cannot know the running state of the transformer in real time and is not beneficial to finding the abnormal state of the transformer in time.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things, which includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module and an early warning prompt module;

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring state data of the transformer through the wireless sensor node and transmitting the state data to the data transmission module;

the data transmission module is used for transmitting the state data to the data processing module;

the data processing module is used for judging whether the transformer is in an abnormal state or not based on the state data;

the early warning prompting module is used for sending out early warning prompts according to a preset prompting mode when the transformer is in an abnormal state.

Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a wireless sensor node and a forwarding base station;

the wireless sensor node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station;

the forwarding base station is used for judging whether the state data is error data, if so, discarding the state data, and if not, transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station.

Preferably, the forwarding base station is further configured to divide the wireless sensor node into a monitoring node and a collecting node at preset time intervals;

the monitoring node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the collecting node;

the collection node is configured to transmit the status data to the forwarding base station.

Preferably, the data transmission module comprises a wireless cellular network communication base station;

the wireless cellular network communication base station is used for receiving the status data sent by the forwarding base station and transmitting the status data to the data processing module through the wireless cellular communication network.

Preferably, the determining whether the transformer is in an abnormal state based on the state data includes:

acquiring the data type of the state data;

acquiring a normal value interval of the state data based on the data type;

and judging whether the numerical value of the state data is in the normal value interval, if so, indicating that the transformer is not in an abnormal state, and if not, indicating that the transformer is in an abnormal state.

Preferably, the sending of the early warning prompt according to the preset prompt mode includes:

and sending out early warning prompts in a pop-up window early warning or audible and visual alarm early warning mode.

According to the invention, the state data of the transformer is acquired by adopting the technology of the Internet of things, so that the real-time monitoring of the state of the transformer is realized. The transformer is beneficial to finding out the abnormal condition of the transformer in time and ensuring the safe operation of the transformer substation. Meanwhile, the wireless sensor nodes are adopted to acquire the state data, so that the arrangement of related power supply lines and communication lines is avoided, and the difficulty in operation and maintenance of the system can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation to the invention, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of the following drawings without inventive effort.

Fig. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the invention provides a transformer state acquisition system based on the internet of things, which includes a data acquisition module, a data transmission module, a data processing module and an early warning prompt module;

the data acquisition module is used for acquiring state data of the transformer through the wireless sensor node and transmitting the state data to the data transmission module;

the data transmission module is used for transmitting the state data to the data processing module;

the data processing module is used for judging whether the transformer is in an abnormal state or not based on the state data;

the early warning prompting module is used for sending out early warning prompts according to a preset prompting mode when the transformer is in an abnormal state.

According to the invention, the state data of the transformer is acquired by adopting the technology of the Internet of things, so that the real-time monitoring of the state of the transformer is realized. The transformer is beneficial to finding out the abnormal condition of the transformer in time and ensuring the safe operation of the transformer substation. Meanwhile, the wireless sensor nodes are adopted to acquire the state data, so that the arrangement of related power supply lines and communication lines is avoided, and the difficulty in operation and maintenance of the system can be effectively reduced.

Preferably, the data acquisition module comprises a wireless sensor node and a forwarding base station;

the wireless sensor node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station;

the forwarding base station is used for judging whether the state data is error data, if so, discarding the state data, and if not, transmitting the state data to the forwarding base station.

A plurality of transformers exist in the transformer substation, and wireless sensor nodes are scattered in the transformer substation to acquire state data of the transformers in real time.

The status data may include voltage data, current data, oil temperature data, vibration data, and the like.

Preferably, whether the status data is error data is judged by:

judging whether the state data is in a preset maximum value interval [ data ]_min,data_max]If not, the status data is error data. data_minAnd data_maxThe lower limit and the upper limit of the maximum value interval are indicated, respectively.

The maximum value interval includes a normal value interval, which is an interval of the state data when the state data is normal, and the maximum value interval is an interval in a limit state, for example, the oil temperature data in the transformer cannot be infinite, and is limited by the property of the transformer oil.

Preferably, the forwarding base station is further configured to divide the wireless sensor node into a monitoring node and a collecting node at preset time intervals;

the monitoring node is used for acquiring state data of the transformer and transmitting the state data to the collecting node;

the collection node is configured to transmit the status data to the forwarding base station.

Specifically, the collection node is responsible for data transfer and transmission, and needs to acquire state data of the variable pressure at the location of the collection node and transmit the acquired state data to the forwarding base station.

In one embodiment, the dividing the wireless sensor nodes into monitoring nodes and collecting nodes by adopting preset time intervals comprises:

the forwarding base station broadcasts a division notification to the wireless sensor nodes;

after receiving the division notification, the wireless sensor node transmits the state parameters of the wireless sensor node to the forwarding base station;

the forwarding base station performs the following calculation based on the state parameters to obtain a monitoring node and a data transmission node:

the first collection nodes are obtained by the following method:

acquiring a set S of wireless sensor nodes of which the communication radius covers a forwarding base station;

respectively calculating the communication capacity parameter of each wireless sensor node in the set S;

acquiring the maximum unit time data throughput M of a forwarding base station;

the total number of collection nodes in set S is calculated by:

wherein, sum₁Denotes the total number of collector nodes in the set S, m_aveA standard value representing the data throughput per unit time of the wireless sensor node, R represents a redundancy coefficient, and R belongs to [1.1,1.2 ]]；

Sorting the communication capacity indexes of the wireless communication nodes in the set S from large to small, and ranking n before₁The wireless sensor nodes are used as first collection nodes and stored in a first collection node set C₁In (1),

the nth batch of collecting nodes are obtained in the following mode, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2:

if the collection node set C of the (n-1) th batch_n-1If not, collecting the collection node of the (n-1) th batch C_n-1The ith collector node in (1) is denoted cnd_n-1,i；i∈[1,nofC_n-1],nofC_n-1Is represented by C_n-1The total number of elements contained in (a);

obtaining communication radius coverage cnd_n-1,iAnd the distance between the base station and the forwarding base station is more than cnd_n-1,iSet S of wireless sensor nodes of distance to a forwarding base station_n-1,i；

Separately calculate the set S_n-1,iA communication capability parameter of each wireless sensor node in the set;

set S is calculated as follows_n-1,iTotal number of collection nodes in (1):

wherein, sum_n-1,iRepresentation set S_n-1,iTotal number of collection nodes in (num)_stRepresenting a reference value of the number of the collection nodes, and Q represents a preset reference coefficient;

will gather S_n-1,iThe communication capability indexes of the wireless communication nodes in the network are sorted from large to small, and the top ranking sum is obtained_n-1,iThe wireless sensor nodes are used as the nth collection node and stored in the nth collection node set C_nPerforming the following steps;

if the collection node set C of the (n-1) th batch_n-1If the current is an empty set, the calculation is ended;

and taking the wireless sensor nodes except the collection node as monitoring nodes.

In the above embodiment, when the collection nodes and the monitoring nodes are divided, a traditional random division mode is not adopted, but a batch division mode is adopted, and the division mode is favorable for reducing the average distance between the monitoring nodes and the collection nodes, so that the collection nodes are fully covered while the overall communication energy consumption of the wireless sensor nodes is reduced. If a random acquisition mode is adopted, the problem that the average transmission energy consumption of the monitoring nodes is large due to the fact that the number of the collecting nodes is too small or the average distance between the monitoring nodes and the collecting nodes is too large often occurs easily. This approach is not conducive to achieving long-term coverage monitoring of the transformers in the substation.

Specifically, the dividing process is that the forwarding base station is gradually expanded outwards as the center, the newly acquired collection nodes are more and more distant from the forwarding base station along with the increase of batches, and the newly acquired collection nodes of each batch are more and more, so that the average distance between the monitoring nodes and the collection nodes can be effectively reduced, the average communication energy consumption of the wireless sensor nodes is saved, the average working life of the wireless sensor nodes is prolonged, the power supply module of the wireless sensor nodes is prevented from being frequently replaced, and the pressure on the operation and maintenance of the wireless sensor node is increased.

And after the forwarding base station receives the division, broadcasting the division result to all the wireless sensor nodes.

In one embodiment, transmitting the status data to the forwarding base station includes:

if the distance between the forwarding base station and the collection node W is larger than the communication radius of the collection node W, the collection node W forwards the state data to another collection node with the distance within the communication range of the collection node W;

if the distance between the forwarding base station and the collecting node W is smaller than the communication radius of the collecting node W, judging the transmission mode of the state data by adopting the following mode:

if the distance between the collection node W and the forwarding base station is smaller than the communication distance threshold, directly sending the state data to the forwarding base station;

if the distance between the collection node W and the forwarding base station is larger than or equal to the communication distance threshold value, forwarding the state data to a monitoring node which is in the communication range and has a communication radius covering the forwarding base station;

the monitoring node is used for directly sending the state data to a forwarding base station;

the communication distance threshold is updated by:

wherein cmthre (t) represents the tth communication distance threshold, cmthre (t-1) represents the t-1 communication distance threshold, cmdist_maRepresents the maximum communication radius of the collector node w, tim represents the total duration of time that the collector node w acts as a collector node, t_maDenotes a preset time reference constant and distper denotes a unit distance length.

For the collecting nodes which are farther from the forwarding base station, the more the collecting nodes need to take charge of the forwarding tasks, and as the total time of the collecting nodes w serving as the collecting nodes is longer and longer, the energy consumption of the collecting nodes w is faster and faster, therefore, the number of the wireless sensor nodes serving as the forwarding tasks needs to be increased. Along with the lapse of time, the communication distance threshold value is larger and larger, the collection node of which the communication radius can cover the forwarding base station gradually does not perform direct communication with the forwarding base station any more, because the longer the communication distance is, the larger the energy consumption is, at this time, by adding the monitoring node of which the communication radius can cover the forwarding base station into the team of forwarding state data, the electric quantity consumption between the nodes can be balanced better, the coverage range of the wireless sensor node is ensured, and the average working time of the wireless sensor node is prolonged.

It should be noted that only monitoring nodes whose communication radius can cover the forwarding node can do this, while for other monitoring nodes, the status data is still sent to the collecting node.

Preferably, the communication capability index is calculated by:

for the wireless sensor node k in the nth collection node calculation process, the communication capacity index calculation mode is as follows:

wherein, comidx (k) represents the communication capability index of the wireless sensor node k, nofnei (k) represents the number of other wireless sensor nodes in the communication range of the wireless sensor node k, ditbs (k) represents the euclidean distance between the wireless sensor node k and the forwarding base station, avenetiit (k) represents the average value of the distances between the wireless sensor node k and the other wireless sensor nodes in the communication range thereof, nerlf (k) represents the remaining power of the wireless sensor nodes, and nofsn (k) represents the total number of collecting nodes in the communication range of the wireless sensor node k in the n-1 st collecting node.

In the above embodiment of the present invention, when calculating the communication capability index, the number of other wireless sensor nodes covered by the communication radius of the wireless sensor node k, the distance between the wireless sensor node k and the forwarding base station, the average distance between the wireless sensor node k and other wireless sensor nodes covered by the communication radius, the remaining power, the total number of collection nodes covered by the communication radius, and the like are calculated, so that the calculation method is favorable for comprehensively reflecting the communication capability of the wireless sensor node k, and the closer the neighboring wireless sensor nodes are distributed to the node k, the larger the number is, the larger the remaining power is, the closer the neighboring wireless sensor nodes are to the base station, and the farther the neighboring wireless sensor nodes are from the other collection nodes, the larger the communication capability index is. The arrangement mode is favorable for finding the wireless sensor node with the communication advantage as a collection order, further reduces the overall electric quantity consumption of the wireless sensor node, prolongs the average working life of the wireless sensor node, and improves the capability of monitoring the transformer in real time for a long time.

Preferably, transmitting the status data to the collection node includes:

the monitoring node judges the total number of the collecting nodes nofcol in the communication range of the monitoring node, and if the nofcol is less than or equal to 1, the monitoring node transmits the state data to the collecting node closest to the monitoring node;

if the nofcol is larger than 1, calculating the communication energy consumption index between the NOfcol and the collection node:

wherein cmctidx represents a communication energy consumption index between the monitoring node and the collecting node, α, β, δ represent preset weight parameters, α + β + δ is 1, distbw represents a distance between the monitoring node and the collecting node, nofnei represents a total number of monitoring nodes included in a communication range of the collecting node, distsd represents a distance between the collecting node and the forwarding base station, sditbw represents a preset first distance reference value, snofnei represents a preset number reference value, and sdisd represents a preset second distance reference value;

and the monitoring node sends the state data to the collecting node with the minimum communication energy consumption index.

The embodiment of the invention is beneficial to reducing the average communication energy consumption between the monitoring nodes and the collecting nodes, and the communication energy consumption index is smaller when the distance between the monitoring nodes is closer, the distance between the monitoring nodes and the forwarding base station is closer and the number of the monitoring nodes covered in the communication range is smaller, thereby realizing the energy-saving transmission of the state data.

The parameters nofnei, distbw, distsd may be calculated according to data included in the division result broadcasted by the forwarding base station. The division result includes data such as the type, the position information, the neighbor node list and the like of each wireless sensor node.

Preferably, the data transmission module comprises a wireless cellular network communication base station;

the wireless cellular network communication base station is used for receiving the status data sent by the forwarding base station and transmitting the status data to the data processing module through the wireless cellular communication network.

In particular, the wireless cellular network includes a 4G network and a 5G network.

Preferably, the determining whether the transformer is in an abnormal state based on the state data includes:

acquiring the data type of the state data;

acquiring a normal value interval of the state data based on the data type;

and judging whether the numerical value of the state data is in the normal value interval, if so, indicating that the transformer is not in an abnormal state, and if not, indicating that the transformer is in an abnormal state.

Preferably, the sending of the early warning prompt according to the preset prompt mode includes:

and sending out early warning prompts in a pop-up window early warning or audible and visual alarm early warning mode.

Specifically, the pop-up window can pop up on a screen of a smart phone or a computer to prompt related workers. The audible and visual alarm can be arranged in a monitoring room to prompt staff in the monitoring room.

While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.