阅读说明：本技术 一种涡轮类型零件的加工方法 (Machining method of turbine type part ) 是由 王岩 赵慧 于 2021-09-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种涡轮类型零件的加工方法,由一次加工完成改为半精加工和精加工两次加工完成,具体方法是：一、在五轴联动数控机床上根据涡轮零件大小,按照产品尺寸和产品加工程序,对每个叶片都留有加工余量进行半精加工；二、加工完成后取下工件,进行热时效处理；三、放入与涡轮外形尺寸相应的模具内,灌注树脂胶；四、室温固化,固化后取出并整理干净；五、重新置于机床上,按照产品设计图纸对每个叶片进行精加工；五、卸下工件,按产品设计图纸进行检测。采用本发明方法加工,不仅大大提高了成品合格率,其成品的各个叶片之间存在的误差也大幅度降低,即提高了成品质量,也降低了能源和原材料的浪费,本加工方法完全达到世界领先水平。(The invention discloses a method for processing a turbine type part, which is changed from one-time processing to two-time processing of semi-finishing and finishing, and the specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing semi-finishing on each blade by reserving machining allowance on a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to the size of a turbine part, the size of a product and a product machining program; secondly, taking down the workpiece after the machining is finished, and carrying out thermal aging treatment; thirdly, placing the turbine blade into a mold corresponding to the overall dimension of the turbine, and pouring resin glue; fourthly, curing at room temperature, taking out after curing, and finishing; fifthly, placing the blade on the machine tool again, and performing finish machining on each blade according to a product design drawing; and fifthly, unloading the workpiece, and detecting according to a product design drawing. The method of the invention not only greatly improves the qualification rate of finished products, but also greatly reduces the error existing between each blade of the finished products, namely, the quality of the finished products is improved, and the waste of energy and raw materials is also reduced, and the method of the invention completely reaches the world leading level.)

1. A method for processing a turbine type part, which is changed from one-time processing to two-time processing of semi-finishing and finishing, is characterized in that: firstly, performing semi-finishing on each blade by reserving machining allowance of 0.5 +/-0.1 mm on a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to the size of a turbine part, the size of a product and a product machining program; secondly, taking down the workpiece after the machining is finished, and carrying out thermal aging treatment; thirdly, placing the turbine blade into a mold corresponding to the overall dimension of the turbine, and pouring resin glue; fourthly, curing for 24 +/-1 hours at room temperature, taking out after curing, and finishing; fifthly, placing the blade on the machine tool again, and performing finish machining on each blade according to a product design drawing; and fifthly, unloading the workpiece, and detecting according to a product design drawing.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a machining method, in particular to a machining method of a turbine type part, and belongs to the technical field of aerospace industry.

Background

The turbine is a rotary power machine which converts the energy of a flowing working medium into mechanical work, and is one of the main parts of a gas turbine, a steam turbine and an aircraft engine. With the development of the industry, the navigation, aviation, aerospace and military industries are also rapidly developed, and the turbine is a key part related to the efficiency, noise and service life of an engine. The turbine is formed by connecting a conical rotating body with a central hole and a plurality of spiral blades which are symmetrically distributed, the requirements on the size consistency and the processing precision of the blades are high, the thin shape of the blade wall is complex and the processing difficulty is high, the original processing method is to respectively process the conical rotating body and the blades and then combine and weld the conical rotating body and the blades, and then polish and form the blades, the quality is difficult to ensure, plasma welding is adopted after the plasma welding is performed, the conical rotating body and the blades are processed and formed, the product quality is greatly improved, but a great distance is reserved from the wide application of aerospace, the prior art gradually develops to adopting a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool to directly process and form a cylindrical material by clamping once, although the utilization rate of the cylindrical material processed and formed by once is low, the service performance and the technical effect of the turbine are greatly improved, the product quality is nearly in a perfect state, and the military effect is achieved from civilian application, thereby achieving the wide application of the aerospace industry, and particularly leading the aerospace engineering to be developed rapidly. However, the scientific technology is endless, and the product can be added with flowers, so that the service performance and the technical effect of the product are further improved, and the world leading level is achieved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for machining a turbine type part, which is the most advanced machining method in the world by adopting a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool to directly machine and mold a cylindrical material, and the service performance and the technical effect of the method are nearly in a perfect state. However, the size and shape of each blade are slightly different in microscopic analysis, so that the method is required to be used for the highest standard requirement of an aerospace engine, optical scanning or three-coordinate detector detection and dynamic balance tests are required to be carried out after the blades are machined, the qualified rate is low at present due to the fact that a plurality of blades are complex in shape, machining cost is greatly increased, after the blades are machined to a certain thickness, machining size micro-deformation is caused due to various reasons, the sizes of the blades are difficult to be completely the same, micro-deviation of dynamic balance of the turbine blades can still occur due to the micro-difference of the sizes, the problem is solved, and a solution is found out through careful analysis and research, wherein the method comprises the following steps: processing according to an input program, but each blade is provided with a certain processing allowance, then taking down the turbine, carrying out aging treatment for eliminating the residual stress after processing, well protecting a central hole after aging treatment, putting into a corresponding die, pouring resin glue, taking out after curing, putting on a machine tool again for finish machining after finishing, starting processing from the beginning according to the original program until each blade is processed to the designed size, dismounting the turbine, detecting, reducing the size difference rate of each blade and greatly improving the product percent of pass. The principle is as follows: the method is characterized in that the glue filling is not performed once, each blade is in a thin-wall complex shape, vibration or cutter relieving is easily generated due to the fact that a supporting surface is small at last, various reasons such as internal stress are added, machining errors of each blade are changed into twice machining, the first time is semi-finishing machining, a certain machining allowance is reserved, the second time is finishing machining, resin glue filled with tight combination serves as auxiliary fixing effect, the second time of finishing machining is assisted and fixed by resin glue, the machining allowance of each blade is small, the difference of machining deformation caused by various reasons can be completely solved, and the product quality and the product qualification rate can be greatly improved.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for processing a turbine type part is changed from one-time processing to two-time processing of semi-finishing and finishing, and the specific method comprises the following steps: firstly, performing semi-finishing on each blade by reserving machining allowance of 0.5 +/-0.1 mm on a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to the size of a turbine part, the size of a product and a product machining program; secondly, taking down the workpiece after the machining is finished, and carrying out thermal aging treatment; thirdly, placing the turbine blade into a mold corresponding to the overall dimension of the turbine, and pouring resin glue; fourthly, curing for 24 +/-1 hours at room temperature, taking out after curing, and finishing; fifthly, placing the blade on the machine tool again, and performing finish machining on each blade according to a product design drawing; and fifthly, unloading the workpiece, and detecting according to a product design drawing.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the semi-finishing with a certain allowance is adopted for each blade, the thermal ageing treatment is carried out, resin glue is poured into a die, the fine machining is carried out after the curing, the turbine part with more precise and consistent size and better dynamic balance after the processing can be used on the aerospace engine, and the energy conversion efficiency can be improved and the working noise can be reduced. The processing method improves the product quality and the product percent of pass, and reaches the world leading level. The method is simple, strong in practicability, accurate and reliable, and is worthy of popularization and application.

Drawings

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a turbine type part of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the conical rotary body of fig. 1.

Reference numerals

1. Conical rotator 2, blade 3, centre hole.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method for machining a turbine-type part, which is changed from one-time machining to two-time machining including semi-finishing and finishing, includes: firstly, performing semi-finishing on each blade by reserving machining allowance of 0.5mm on a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool according to the size of a turbine part, the size of a product and a product machining program; secondly, taking down the workpiece after the machining is finished, and carrying out thermal aging treatment; thirdly, placing the turbine blade into a mold corresponding to the overall dimension of the turbine, and pouring resin glue; fourthly, curing for 24 hours at room temperature, taking out after curing, and finishing; fifthly, placing the blade on the machine tool again, and performing finish machining on each blade according to a product design drawing; and fifthly, unloading the workpiece, detecting according to a product design drawing, and warehousing qualified products.

Description of related Art: the original processing method of the turbine type part is that a conical rotating body 1 with a central hole 3 and blades 2 are respectively processed and then combined and welded, and then polished and formed, is the initial stage of production and application of the turbine type part and can only be used for civil use, the advanced level in the world at present is that a prepared cylindrical material is processed and formed at one time by adopting a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, and the turbine type part can be completely used in various fields such as aerospace and the like, but the processing qualified rate is low, energy and raw materials are wasted, and certain errors still exist among the blades of a finished product despite strict detection. The method of the invention is completed by performing the semi-finish machining and the finish machining twice on a five-axis linkage numerical control machine tool, thereby not only greatly improving the qualification rate of finished products, but also greatly reducing the error existing between each blade of the finished products, namely improving the quality of the finished products and reducing the waste of energy and raw materials, and the machining method completely reaches the world leading level.