阅读说明：本技术 一种用于汽车冲击缓冲吸能的轻量化复合车身板材 (Lightweight composite automobile body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption ) 是由 肖久梅 江萌瑜 刘仕杰 于 2021-09-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种用于汽车冲击缓冲吸能的轻量化复合车身板材,属于车身板材的技术领域。所述轻量化复合汽车板材包括两边的层状纤维增强复合材料和中心的瓦楞金属构件,两边的层状纤维增强复合材料是通过粘合剂或者紧固件与中心的瓦楞金属构件连接。本发明的轻量化复合车身板材不仅弥补了传统纤维增强复合材料的脆性断裂缺点和传统金属板材塑性变形过大缺点,而且轻量化复合车身板材在受到冲击时,能够更大限度地利用两边层状纤维增强复合材料和中心的瓦楞金属构件的协同塑性变形吸能能力,比铝蜂窝结构在车身板材应用中更具优势,使得轻量化复合车身板材具有比传统的槽形瓦楞板更好的缓冲、减震和吸能等物理性能。(The invention discloses a lightweight composite automobile body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption, and belongs to the technical field of automobile body plates. The lightweight composite automobile plate comprises laminated fiber reinforced composite materials on two sides and a corrugated metal component in the center, wherein the laminated fiber reinforced composite materials on the two sides are connected with the corrugated metal component in the center through an adhesive or a fastener. The lightweight composite automobile body plate disclosed by the invention not only makes up the brittle fracture defect of the traditional fiber reinforced composite material and the defect of overlarge plastic deformation of the traditional metal plate, but also can utilize the synergistic plastic deformation energy absorption capacity of the two-side layered fiber reinforced composite material and the central corrugated metal member to the greatest extent when the lightweight composite automobile body plate is impacted, and has more advantages in application of the automobile body plate compared with an aluminum honeycomb structure, so that the lightweight composite automobile body plate has better physical properties such as buffering, shock absorption and energy absorption compared with the traditional groove-shaped corrugated plate.)

1. The lightweight composite automobile body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption is characterized by comprising a corrugated metal component, wherein layered fiber reinforced composite materials cover two sides of the corrugated metal component, and the layered fiber reinforced composite materials on the two sides are connected with the corrugated metal component through adhesives or fasteners.

2. The lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption of automobiles according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the corrugated metal member is 0.3 to 1mm, the overall thickness of the corrugated metal member is 3 to 5mm, and the thickness of the layered fiber-reinforced composite material is 1 to 2 mm.

3. The lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption according to claim 1, wherein said corrugated metal member is any one of an ultra-high strength steel sheet, an advanced high strength steel sheet, an aluminum alloy sheet, a magnesium alloy sheet, a titanium alloy, or other lightweight metal panel.

4. The lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fiber of the layered fiber reinforced composite material is any one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber or basalt fiber.

5. The lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive is silicone rubber adhesive or other vehicle adhesive with a thickness of 0.3-1 mm.

6. The lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption of automobiles according to claim 1, wherein said corrugated metal member constituent unit has an M-shaped or parabolic cross-section.

7. The lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption of automobiles according to claim 6, wherein the inclination angle of the constituent units of said corrugated metal members is 50 ° to 90 °.

8. The lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption according to claim 1, wherein said corrugated metal member comprises at least five constituent units, each constituent unit having a length of 15 to 25mm, said constituent units each having a symmetrical structure.

9. The lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact absorption according to claim 8, wherein each two constituent units have a central symmetrical structure.

10. The lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact cushioning and energy absorption according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the lightweight composite body panel is subjected to a flat-pressing test by a universal testing machine, and the impact peak value is reduced by at least 1kN compared with the impact peak value of a fluted corrugated sandwich composite panel under the same load.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile body plates, and relates to a lightweight composite automobile body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption.

Background

With the vigorous development of economy, the quantity of the national automobiles is increased day by day. When the automobile brings convenience to people, a large amount of non-renewable resources are consumed, and harmful gas is generated to pollute the environment. The light weight of the automobile is not only a necessary way for coping with energy crisis and environmental pollution, but also is beneficial to improving the comfort, the dynamic property and the operation stability of the automobile. The automobile is usually made of steel, and an all-steel automobile body has the defects of large mass, high oil consumption and large discharge amount, and does not meet the current requirement on light weight. The adoption of lightweight materials is the most effective measure for realizing the lightweight of the automobile, wherein, compared with steel, aluminum alloy and carbon fiber composite materials (CFRP for short) have lower density and higher strength, are two excellent lightweight materials and are applied to the automobile body at present.

While the weight of the automobile is reduced, the collision safety of the automobile must be ensured at the same time. Increasing the crashworthiness of a vehicle remains the most important and direct way to protect passengers. The automobile body is used as the most critical part of an automobile for bearing, connecting, deforming and absorbing energy, transferring collision load and maintaining the living space of passengers, and the design of buffering and energy absorption is particularly important. Although the fiber reinforced composite material (such as CFRP) has the advantages of light weight and high strength, and absorbs energy by means of crack propagation and even fracture and breakage of the material when being impacted strongly, the fiber reinforced composite material presents the characteristic of brittle failure, but has the defect that the vehicle body is disintegrated to threaten the safety of passengers in the vehicle, and carbon fiber fragments can threaten the life of the passengers in the vehicle. When a metal thin-wall material (such as an aluminum alloy corrugated plate) is impacted, the metal thin-wall material has the defects of low elastic modulus and high deformation tendency. The two materials have respective defects when being independently used as the automobile body plate, and the light automobile body plate with excellent buffering and energy absorbing characteristics is necessary for ensuring the collision safety of automobiles and reducing the energy consumption of the automobiles.

The existing structures with buffering and energy absorbing characteristics are as follows: honeycomb sandwich structures, corrugated sandwich structures, and the like. Although the honeycomb sandwich structure can also play a role in buffering and energy absorption, if the honeycomb sandwich is thinner, the shock resistance of the honeycomb sandwich structure is greatly reduced, and the thick honeycomb sandwich structure is not suitable for being applied to a vehicle body plate. The corrugated sandwich structure is used for a carton for containing goods at first, and the application of the corrugated structure exists all the time so far, which shows that the corrugated sandwich structure has good buffering and energy-absorbing capacity, but on one hand, the existing application of the corrugated sandwich structure on a vehicle body plate is still to be improved, on the other hand, in order to research the buffering and energy-absorbing characteristics of corrugated plates, flat compression tests are carried out on the corrugated structures at different angles, and when the corrugated sandwich structure at different inclination angles is subjected to impact load, a peak value (impact peak) of force exists on an acting force and a loading displacement curve along with the increase of loading displacement, and the sudden high stress caused by the peak can lead the body of a passenger in the vehicle to bear huge load, thus being not beneficial to the protection of the life safety of the passenger; the force and load displacement curves for the aforementioned trough corrugated sandwich structures of different inclination angles are shown in figure 1 a.

Although the conventional automobile crash energy absorption box has the function of impact buffering and energy absorption, in the aspect of carbon fiber automobile body accidents, for example, the carbon fiber automobile body is firstly collided nationwide in the future K50, the brittle fracture of the carbon fiber composite material causes that the energy absorption box still does not receive and fully absorbs energy, and the automobile body plate in front of the energy absorption box is already divided into four parts and five parts.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the technical problem that in the existing automobile body plate, the fiber reinforced composite material is fragile and damaged when being impacted, so that the automobile is disassembled; the peak value of force occurs when the groove-shaped corrugated sandwich structure is subjected to impact load, and the high stress caused by the peak value of force harms the life health of passengers; the preparation process of the component structure of the bent folding body is complex, a plurality of bent folding bodies are required to be combined, the structural stability is poor, and the impact buffering and energy absorbing efficiency is low.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the lightweight composite automobile body plate comprises a corrugated metal component, wherein layered fiber reinforced composite materials cover two sides of the corrugated metal component, and the layered fiber reinforced composite materials on the two sides are connected with the corrugated metal component through an adhesive or a fastener.

Preferably, the corrugated metal member has a plate thickness of 0.3 to 1mm, the corrugated metal member has an overall thickness of 3 to 5mm, and the laminated fiber-reinforced composite material has a thickness of 1 to 2 mm.

Preferably, the corrugated metal member is any one of an ultra-high strength steel plate, an advanced high strength steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, a magnesium alloy plate, a titanium alloy, or other lightweight metal plate material.

Preferably, the reinforcing fiber of the layered fiber-reinforced composite material is any one of carbon fiber, aramid fiber, glass fiber, or basalt fiber.

Preferably, the adhesive is a silicone rubber adhesive or other vehicle adhesives with the thickness of 0.3-1 mm.

Preferably, the corrugated metal member constituting unit has an M-shaped and parabolic cross-section.

Preferably, the inclination angle of the corrugated metal member constituent units is 50 ° to 90 °.

Preferably, the corrugated metal member includes at least five constituent units, each of which has a length of 15 to 25mm, and each of which has a symmetrical structure.

Preferably, each two of the constituent units have a central symmetrical structure.

Preferably, the lightweight composite body panel is subjected to a flat compression test by a universal testing machine, and the obtained impact peak value is reduced by at least 1kN compared with the impact peak value of the fluted corrugated sandwich composite panel under the same load.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following beneficial effects:

in the scheme, the lightweight composite body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption simultaneously adopts the lightweight metal material and the layered fiber reinforced composite material to replace the traditional steel, the lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material have lower density than the traditional steel, the specific strength and specific rigidity meet the requirements of the plate of the automobile body, and the lightweight composite body plate is superior to the traditional steel, and the lightweight effect can be achieved on the basis.

The lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material in the composite vehicle body plate are organically combined, the characteristic of high strength of the layered fiber reinforced composite material and the characteristic of high plastic deformation energy absorption of the lightweight metal material are effectively utilized, and the performance advantages of the lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material are complemented. The defect that the automobile body is disassembled due to brittle fracture of the fiber reinforced composite material is overcome by utilizing the advantage that the plastic deformation of the lightweight metal material is limited; meanwhile, when the laminated fiber reinforced composite material is impacted, the impact is resisted by using the high-strength material characteristic of the laminated fiber reinforced composite material, when impact energy is transmitted to the central corrugated metal component, the whole light-weight composite vehicle body plate cannot be seriously deformed, and the defect that the light-weight metal vehicle body plate is excessively deformed is effectively overcome.

The lightweight composite body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption adopts the novel corrugated metal component as the sandwich in the middle of the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at two sides creatively, and when the lightweight composite body plate is impacted by external force, the high strength of the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at two sides and the synergistic plastic deformation energy absorption capability of the corrugated metal component at the center can be utilized to a greater extent, and the lightweight composite body plate has more advantages than an aluminum honeycomb structure in the application of the body plate, and in addition, the impact peak of the groove-shaped corrugated sandwich structure under the impact load is eliminated, as shown in figure 1b, so that the lightweight composite body plate has better physical properties of buffering, shock absorption, energy absorption and the like than the traditional groove-shaped corrugated plate.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1a is a graph showing the acting force and loading displacement curves of trough-shaped corrugated sandwich structures with different inclination angles under the same impact load;

fig. 1b is a graph showing the acting force and loading displacement when the M-shaped corrugated metal member and the fluted corrugated sandwich structure having the same inclination angle of 60 ° are subjected to the same impact load;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption in embodiment 1 of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an M-shaped corrugated metal member in a lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption of automobiles, according to example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a lightweight composite body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption in embodiment 2 of the invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a parabolic corrugated metal member in a lightweight composite automotive body panel for impact absorption of automobiles according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

The reference numerals are explained below:

1-top carbon fiber reinforced composite material; 2-silicone rubber adhesive; 3-M-shaped aluminum alloy corrugated members; 4-bottom carbon fiber reinforced composite material; 5-parabolic aluminum alloy corrugated member.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is a lightweight composite automotive body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption, the lightweight composite automotive body panel includes two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials and a central corrugated metal member, the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are a top layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material and a bottom layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material, respectively, and the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are connected with the central corrugated metal member through an adhesive or a fastener. The corrugated metal component is characterized in that an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 0.5mm is selected to be punched into a central corrugated metal component, the shape of a forming unit of the central corrugated metal component is selected to be M-shaped, the overall thickness of the corrugated metal component is 4.1mm, the number of the forming units of the corrugated metal component is five, the length of a single forming unit of the corrugated metal component is 20mm, and the inclination angles of two side plates of the M-shaped forming unit are selected to be 60 degrees as shown in figure 3; selecting a carbon fiber reinforced composite material with the thickness of 1.5mm from the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at the two sides; the connection mode between the carbon fiber reinforced composite material and the corrugated metal member is adhesive connection, the adhesive is silicon rubber adhesive, and the thickness of the silicon rubber adhesive layer is 0.5 mm.

The obtained lightweight composite body panel and the fluted corrugated sandwich structure were formed into a 30mm × 100mm sample, and a flat crush test was performed as shown in fig. 2. Carrying out a flat pressing test by using a universal testing machine, wherein: the test conforms to the standard of ASTM D790, and the test piece is manufactured according to the standard of GB/T1453-2005 sandwich structure or core flat-pressing performance test method, and a WDW-200D microcomputer controlled electronic universal material testing machine is used for carrying out flat-pressing test on the flute corrugated sandwich plate and the M-shaped corrugated sandwich plate to verify the effectiveness of the intermediate sandwich structure, and the comparison result is shown in figure 1 b. The obtained impact peak value is at least 1.6kN lower than that of the flute corrugated sandwich layer composite plate under the same load, which means that the obtained lightweight composite vehicle body plate does not harm the health of passengers in a vehicle due to the excessive impact force, like the flute corrugated sandwich structure, in the vehicle collision process.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is a lightweight composite automotive body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption, the lightweight composite automotive body panel includes two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials and a central corrugated metal member, the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are a top layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material and a bottom layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material, respectively, and the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are connected with the central corrugated metal member through an adhesive or a fastener. The corrugated metal component is characterized in that an advanced high-strength steel plate with the thickness of 0.5mm is punched into a central corrugated metal component, the shape of a forming unit of the central corrugated metal component is parabolic, the number of forming units of the corrugated metal component is five, the length of a single forming unit of the corrugated metal component is 20mm, and the inclination angle of two side plates of the forming unit is 50 degrees as shown in fig. 5; selecting a carbon fiber reinforced composite material with the thickness of 1.5mm from the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at the two sides; the connection mode between the carbon fiber reinforced composite material and the corrugated metal member is adhesive connection, the adhesive is silicon rubber adhesive, and the thickness of the silicon rubber adhesive layer is 0.5 mm.

The obtained lightweight composite body panel and the fluted corrugated sandwich structure were formed into a 30mm × 100mm sample, and a flat crush test was performed as shown in fig. 4. Carrying out a flat pressing test by using a universal testing machine, wherein: the test conforms to the standard of ASTMD790 to manufacture test pieces, and the WDW-200D microcomputer controlled electronic universal material testing machine is used for carrying out flat pressing tests on the flute-shaped corrugated sandwich board and the parabolic corrugated sandwich board according to the standard of GB/T1453-2005 sandwich structure or core flat pressing performance test method to verify the effectiveness of the intermediate sandwich structure. As a result, it was found that: compared with the impact peak value of the fluted corrugated sandwich composite plate under the same load, the impact peak value is 1.3kN lower, which means that passengers in the vehicle are not harmed to life safety due to excessive impact force in the vehicle collision process of the lightweight composite vehicle body plate material as the fluted corrugated sandwich structure.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment is a lightweight composite automotive body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption, the lightweight composite automotive body panel includes two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials and a central corrugated metal member, the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are a top layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material and a bottom layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material, respectively, and the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are connected with the central corrugated metal member through an adhesive or a fastener. The corrugated metal component is characterized in that an advanced high-strength steel plate with the thickness of 0.8mm is punched into a central corrugated metal component, the shape of a forming unit of the central corrugated metal component is parabolic, the number of forming units of the corrugated metal component is seven, the overall thickness of the corrugated metal component is 4.5mm, the length of a single forming unit is 18mm, and the inclination angles of two side plates of the forming unit are 70 degrees as shown in fig. 5; selecting a carbon fiber reinforced composite material with the thickness of 1.2mm from the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at the two sides; the connection mode between the carbon fiber reinforced composite material and the corrugated metal member is selected from fastener connection.

The obtained lightweight composite body panel and the fluted corrugated sandwich structure were formed into a 30mm × 100mm sample, and a flat crush test was performed as shown in fig. 4. Carrying out a flat pressing test by using a universal testing machine, wherein: the test conforms to the standard of ASTMD790 to manufacture test pieces, and the WDW-200D microcomputer controlled electronic universal material testing machine is used for carrying out flat pressing tests on the flute-shaped corrugated sandwich board and the parabolic corrugated sandwich board according to the standard of GB/T1453-2005 sandwich structure or core flat pressing performance test method to verify the effectiveness of the intermediate sandwich structure. As a result, it was found that: the obtained impact peak value is 1.4kN lower than that of the flute corrugated sandwich layer composite plate under the same load, which means that passengers in the vehicle are not harmed to the health of the vehicle due to the excessive impact force in the vehicle collision process of the obtained lightweight composite vehicle body plate material as the flute corrugated sandwich layer structure.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is a lightweight composite automotive body panel for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption, the lightweight composite automotive body panel includes two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials and a central corrugated metal member, the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are a top layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material and a bottom layer carbon fiber reinforced composite material, respectively, and the two side layered fiber reinforced composite materials are connected with the central corrugated metal member through an adhesive or a fastener. The corrugated metal component is characterized in that an aluminum alloy plate with the thickness of 0.6mm is selected to be punched into a central corrugated metal component, the shape of a forming unit of the central corrugated metal component is selected to be M-shaped, the forming units of the corrugated metal component are eight, the overall thickness of the corrugated metal component is 5mm, the length of a single forming unit of the corrugated metal component is 16mm, and the inclination angles of two side plates of the M-shaped forming unit are 80 degrees as shown in figure 3; selecting a carbon fiber reinforced composite material with the thickness of 1.4mm from the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at the two sides; the connection mode between the carbon fiber reinforced composite material and the corrugated metal member is adhesive connection, the adhesive is silicon rubber adhesive, and the thickness of the silicon rubber adhesive layer is 0.8 mm.

The obtained lightweight composite body panel and the fluted corrugated sandwich structure were formed into a 30mm × 100mm sample, and a flat crush test was performed as shown in fig. 2. Carrying out a flat pressing test by using a universal testing machine, wherein: the test conforms to the standard of ASTMD790 to manufacture test pieces, and the WDW-200D microcomputer controlled electronic universal material testing machine is used for carrying out flat pressing test on the flute-shaped corrugated sandwich board and the M-shaped corrugated sandwich board according to the standard of GB/T1453-2005 sandwich structure or core flat pressing performance test method to verify the effectiveness of the intermediate sandwich structure. The obtained impact peak value is 1kN lower than that of the flute corrugated sandwich layer composite plate under the same load, which means that passengers in the vehicle are not harmed to the health because of excessive impact force like flute corrugated sandwich structure in the vehicle collision process of the obtained lightweight composite vehicle body plate.

In the scheme, the lightweight composite body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption simultaneously adopts the lightweight metal material and the layered fiber reinforced composite material to replace the traditional steel, the lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material have lower density than the traditional steel, the specific strength and specific rigidity meet the requirements of the plate of the automobile body, and the lightweight composite body plate is superior to the traditional steel, and the lightweight effect can be achieved on the basis.

The lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material in the composite vehicle body plate are organically combined, the characteristic of high strength of the layered fiber reinforced composite material and the characteristic of high plastic deformation energy absorption of the lightweight metal material are effectively utilized, and the performance advantages of the lightweight metal material and the fiber reinforced composite material are complemented. The defect that the automobile body is disassembled due to brittle fracture of the fiber reinforced composite material is overcome by utilizing the advantage that the plastic deformation of the lightweight metal material is limited; meanwhile, when the laminated fiber reinforced composite material is impacted, the impact is resisted by using the high-strength material characteristic of the laminated fiber reinforced composite material, when impact energy is transmitted to the central corrugated metal component, the whole light-weight composite vehicle body plate cannot be seriously deformed, and the defect that the light-weight metal vehicle body plate is excessively deformed is effectively overcome.

The lightweight composite body plate for automobile impact buffering and energy absorption adopts the novel corrugated metal component as the sandwich in the middle of the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at two sides creatively, and when the lightweight composite body plate is impacted by external force, the high strength of the layered fiber reinforced composite materials at two sides and the synergistic plastic deformation energy absorption capability of the corrugated metal component at the center can be utilized to a greater extent, and the lightweight composite body plate has more advantages than an aluminum honeycomb structure in the application of the body plate, and in addition, the impact peak of the groove-shaped corrugated sandwich structure under the impact load is eliminated, as shown in figure 1b, so that the lightweight composite body plate has better physical properties of buffering, shock absorption, energy absorption and the like than the traditional groove-shaped corrugated plate.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.