阅读说明：本技术 新型自调机构 (Novel self-adjusting mechanism ) 是由 黄东方 汪永胜 胡凯 黄国兴 黄伟杰 朱子亨 凌利峰 于 2021-08-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种鼓式制动器的自调机构。自调机构包括拉紧弹簧、推板、调隙板和板销,调隙板铰接安装在推板的一端,用板销穿过推板和调隙板上各自的销孔将推板和调隙板之间铰接,推板和调隙板之间通过齿啮合形成齿啮合副；拉紧弹簧一端与板销钩接,靠近调隙板的推板中部开设弹簧接孔,用拉紧弹簧另一端越过调隙板后钩接到推板的弹簧接孔处。本发明的自调机构结构简单,装配容易,且占据空间位置小。(The invention discloses a self-adjusting mechanism of a drum brake. The self-adjusting mechanism comprises a tension spring, a push plate, a gap adjusting plate and a plate pin, the gap adjusting plate is hinged to one end of the push plate, the plate pin penetrates through respective pin holes in the push plate and the gap adjusting plate to hinge the push plate and the gap adjusting plate, and the push plate and the gap adjusting plate are meshed through teeth to form a tooth meshing pair; one end of the tension spring is hooked with the plate pin, the middle part of the push plate close to the gap adjusting plate is provided with a spring connecting hole, and the other end of the tension spring passes through the gap adjusting plate and then is hooked at the spring connecting hole of the push plate. The self-adjusting mechanism has the advantages of simple structure, easy assembly and small occupied space.)

1. A self-adjusting mechanism of a drum brake is characterized in that:

the self-adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a tension spring (11), a push plate (9), a gap adjusting plate (10) and a plate pin (12), the gap adjusting plate (10) is hinged to one end of the push plate (9), the plate pin (12) penetrates through respective pin holes in the push plate (9) and the gap adjusting plate (10) to hinge the push plate (9) and the gap adjusting plate (10), and the push plate (9) and the gap adjusting plate (10) are meshed through teeth to form a tooth meshing pair; one end of a tension spring (11) is hooked with a plate pin (12), a spring connecting hole is formed in the middle of the push plate (9) close to the gap adjusting plate (10), and the other end of the tension spring (11) is hooked to the spring connecting hole of the push plate (9) after passing through the gap adjusting plate (10).

2. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 1, wherein:

the pin holes on the push plate (9) are kidney-shaped holes (K), and the plate pins (12) are movably matched with the pin holes on the push plate (9); the pin holes in the gap adjusting plate (10) are round holes (M), and the plate pins (12) are in interference fit with the pin holes in the gap adjusting plate (10).

3. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 1, wherein:

push pedal (9) divide into major structure and the structure that sinks, adjust crack board (10) department at the installation and set up to the structure that sinks, it transfers crack board (10) to sink structural articulated installation, transfer crack board (10) and process for the arc tooth near push pedal (9) major structure's side, the major structure of push pedal (9) is equipped with other convex part in the one end of being connected with the structure that sinks, other convex part side processing is the arc tooth, the arc tooth of the other convex part of push pedal (9) is used for and transfers the arc tooth meshing of crack board (10) to be connected, the tooth meshing pair of formation is used for self-modulation and adjusts spacingly.

4. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 1, wherein:

the gap adjusting device is characterized by further comprising a limiting spring (8), the other end of the push plate (9) of the gap unadjusted plate (10) is provided with the limiting spring (8), and the limiting spring (8) is hooked to a hooking hole (H) formed in the other end of the push plate (9).

5. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 1, wherein:

the self-adjusting mechanism is arranged between the upper parts of the front shoe assembly (2) and the rear shoe assembly (4).

6. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 5, wherein:

and one end of the gap adjusting plate (10) far away from the tooth meshing pair is provided with a hook-shaped structure which is hooked into a limiting groove (F) formed in the upper part of the front shoe assembly (2), the end part of the other end of the push plate (9) which is not connected with the gap adjusting plate (10) is provided with a push plate notch (B), and a tendon of the rear shoe assembly (4) is clamped and embedded in the push plate notch (B).

7. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 3, wherein:

the circle center of the circular arc tooth is positioned on the central axis of the plate pin (12).

8. A self-adjusting mechanism for a drum brake according to claim 4, wherein:

the other end of the limiting spring (8) is hooked to the upper part of a tendon of the rear hoof assembly (4).

Technical Field

The invention relates to a self-adjustable structure in a hydraulically-actuated drum brake, in particular to a self-adjustable mechanism in a brake with a parking function.

Background

With the development of the automobile industry, almost every family is equipped with automobiles, the existing bidirectional leading shoe type automobile hydraulic brake adjusts the gap distance between a friction plate on a shoe and a brake drum to reach a certain set value by manually shifting a ratchet wheel, and the brake needs to be maintained and maintained frequently due to large abrasion between the friction plate and the brake drum, and the adjustment of the gap of the bidirectional leading shoe type automobile brake is an important project in automobile repair operation, and has heavy adjustment work and high labor intensity

However, the working environment of a conventional engineering truck or trailer is relatively severe, and the conventional self-boosting drum brake may be used on a steep mountain road or an uneven building site, and has high service braking efficiency and good reliability under a common condition. However, the mechanical parking (hand brake) device of such vehicles is often realized by a separate device, which results in:

firstly, the cost is higher: the mechanical parking device is independently designed and needs a special structure to realize, so that the cost is high;

secondly, the space utilization rate is low: the arrangement of the mechanical parking device needs to consider the spatial arrangement of the whole chassis, specially divide the position for placing the mechanical parking device and consider the connection problem of the peripheral related peripheral parts;

thirdly, the maintenance cost is high: the single mechanical parking device needs to be additionally maintained, and the maintenance cost is high;

in view of the above, in combination with the structure and function of the drum brake, the drum brake itself can integrate the service brake and the parking brake, but because the drum brake has a compact structure, the space after the clearance self-adjusting mechanism function device is added is more complicated, and the arrangement of the hand parking device becomes more difficult.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problem of resource and cost waste caused by the fact that a hand parking brake device is designed independently in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a novel self-adjusting mechanism, a mechanical brake device is added on the basis of a conventional service brake function of a drum brake, two functions of service and parking can be realized simultaneously on the premise that a vehicle of the drum brake can directly adopt one set of brake, the original service brake cannot be influenced by directly adopting the structure for parking, and the cost and the space can be saved.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the self-adjusting mechanism comprises a tension spring, a push plate, a gap adjusting plate and a plate pin, the gap adjusting plate is hinged to one end of the push plate, the plate pin penetrates through respective pin holes in the push plate and the gap adjusting plate to hinge the push plate and the gap adjusting plate, and the push plate and the gap adjusting plate are meshed through teeth to form a tooth meshing pair; one end of the tension spring is hooked with the plate pin, the middle part of the push plate close to the gap adjusting plate is provided with a spring connecting hole, and the other end of the tension spring passes through the gap adjusting plate and then is hooked at the spring connecting hole of the push plate.

The pin holes on the push plate are waist-shaped holes, and the plate pins are movably matched with the pin holes on the push plate; the pin holes on the gap adjusting plates are round holes, and the plate pins are in interference fit with the pin holes on the gap adjusting plates.

The push pedal divide into major structure and structure of sinking, transfer crack board department at the installation and set up to the structure of sinking, the structural articulated installation of sinking transfers the crack board, transfer the crack board and process for the arc tooth near the side of push pedal major structure, the major structure of push pedal is equipped with other convex part in the one end of being connected with the structure of sinking, other convex part side is processed for the dogtooth, the arc tooth of the other convex part of push pedal is used for and transfers the arc tooth meshing of crack board to be connected, the tooth meshing pair of formation is used for self-modulation and adjusts spacingly.

The gap adjusting device further comprises a limiting spring, wherein the other end of the push plate without the gap adjusting plate is provided with the limiting spring, and the limiting spring is hooked to a hook-connecting hole formed in the other end of the push plate.

The self-adjusting mechanism is arranged between the tendons at the upper parts of the front hoof assembly and the rear hoof assembly.

The gap adjusting plate is provided with a hook-shaped structure at one end far away from the tooth meshing pair, the hook-shaped structure is hooked in a limiting groove formed in the upper portion of the front shoe assembly, a push plate notch is formed in the end portion, which is not connected with the gap adjusting plate, of the other end of the push plate, and a tendon of the rear shoe assembly is clamped and embedded in the push plate notch.

The circle center of the circular arc tooth is positioned on the central axis of the plate pin.

The other end of the limiting spring is hooked to the upper part of a tendon of the rear hoof assembly.

The self-regulating mechanism is arranged between two brake shoes, one end of the self-regulating mechanism is arranged on a rear shoe, the other end of the self-regulating mechanism is arranged on a front shoe, the brake shoes are respectively arranged at two ends of a wheel cylinder assembly, brake fluid is input into the wheel cylinder assembly to push two pistons, the two brake shoes are guided by the pistons to be opened to be attached to a brake drum, a drum lifting gap reaches a certain requirement, and the self-regulating mechanism is opened to adjust the shoe drum gap so that the brake drum gap and the brake shoes are stabilized at a specific gap.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention realizes that a mechanical parking device is added to the drum brake with the clearance self-adjusting function, realizes that one drum brake simultaneously realizes the functions of service braking and parking braking, and realizes the clearance self-adjustment of the friction plate and the brake drum.

Compared with a conventionally used drum brake, the invention integrates the functions of driving and parking, solves the problem of resource and cost waste caused by the independent design of a hand parking brake device in the prior art, and can reliably park without influencing the original driving brake by directly adopting the structure, thereby saving the cost and the space.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the self-adjusting mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the self-adjusting mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the self-adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the push plate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake with the self-adjusting mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a lower cross-sectional view of FIG. 5;

fig. 7 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the shoe and the shoe belt pull arm.

Fig. 8 is a structural assembly sectional view of the self-adjusting mechanism in the brake.

In the figure: the brake shoe comprises a brake bottom plate assembly 1, a front shoe assembly 2, a wheel cylinder assembly 3, a rear shoe assembly 4, a self-adjusting mechanism 5, a brake shoe return spring 6, a self-adjusting wheel cylinder assembly 7, a limiting spring 8, a push plate 9, a gap adjusting plate 10, a tensioning spring 11, a plate pin 12, a brake drum 13, a parking cable 14, a parking pull arm 15, a pull arm pin 16 and a check ring 17.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the drum brake includes a brake shoe assembly 1, a front shoe assembly 2, a wheel cylinder assembly 3, a rear shoe assembly 4, a self-adjusting mechanism 5, a brake shoe return spring 6, a self-adjusting wheel cylinder assembly 7, a brake drum 13, and a parking cable 14.

A front shoe assembly 2 and a rear shoe assembly 4 are arranged on two sides of a brake bottom plate assembly 1, a wheel cylinder assembly 3 and a brake shoe return spring 6 are arranged between the front shoe assembly 2 and the upper portion of the rear shoe assembly 4, a self-adjusting mechanism 5 is arranged between the front shoe assembly 2 below the wheel cylinder assembly 3 and the brake shoe return spring 6 and the upper portion of the rear shoe assembly 4, a wheel cylinder assembly 7 and a parking cable 14 are arranged between the front shoe assembly 2 and the lower portion of the rear shoe assembly 4, one end of the parking cable 14 is sleeved at a point C at the tail end of a parking pull arm 15, and the other end of the parking cable is connected to a handle end of a vehicle chassis.

As shown in fig. 7, the rear shoe assembly 4 is further provided with a parking pulling arm 15, the parking pulling arm 15 is hinged to a tendon of the rear shoe assembly 4 through a pulling arm pin 16, and the pulling arm pin 16 passes through the tendon of the rear shoe assembly 4 and then is provided with a retaining ring 17 for axial limiting installation.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the self-adjusting mechanism 5 comprises a tension spring 11, a push plate 9, a gap adjusting plate 10 and a plate pin 12, wherein the gap adjusting plate 10 is hinged to one end of the push plate 9, the plate pin 12 penetrates through respective pin holes of the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10 to hinge the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10, and the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10 are engaged by teeth to form a tooth engagement pair; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the tension spring 11 is hooked with the plate pin 12, the middle part of the push plate 9 close to the gap adjusting plate 10 is provided with a spring connecting hole which is a through hole, and the other end of the tension spring 11 passes through the gap adjusting plate 10 and then is hooked at the spring connecting hole of the push plate 9.

As shown in fig. 4, the pin hole on the push plate 9 is a kidney-shaped hole K, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped hole K is along the connection direction between the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4, i.e. the length direction of the push plate 9. The plate pin 12 is in clearance fit with the pin hole on the push plate 9; the pin holes on the gap adjusting plate 10 are round holes M, and the plate pins 12 are in interference tight fit with the pin holes on the gap adjusting plate 10.

The push plate 9 is divided into a main body structure and a sinking structure, the sinking structure is arranged at the position where the gap adjusting plate 10 is installed, and the sinking structure and the main body structure are not positioned on the same plane and are mutually parallel, staggered and integrally connected; the gap adjusting plate 10 is installed through pin holes with waist-shaped holes in a sinking structure in a hinged mode, the side face, close to the main structure of the push plate 9, of the gap adjusting plate 10 is processed into arc teeth, the circle center of each arc tooth is located on the central axis of the plate pin 12, a side convex portion is arranged at one end, connected with the sinking structure, of the main structure of the push plate 9, the side face of the side convex portion is close to the gap adjusting plate 10 and is processed into arc teeth, the arc teeth of the side convex portion of the push plate 9 are meshed and connected with the arc teeth of the gap adjusting plate 10, and the formed tooth meshing pair is used for self-adjusting and adjusting limiting between the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10. During service braking, the arc-shaped teeth of the convex part beside the push plate 9 and the arc-shaped teeth of the gap adjusting plate 10 are disengaged; when the automobile is not braked, the arc teeth of the convex part beside the push plate 9 are meshed with the arc teeth of the gap adjusting plate 10.

The rear shoe assembly is characterized by further comprising a limiting spring 8, the limiting spring 8 is installed at the other end of the push plate 9 of the gap-unadjusted plate 10, one end of the limiting spring 8 is hooked to a hooking hole H formed in the other end of the push plate 9, the hooking hole H is a through hole, and the other end of the limiting spring 8 is hooked to a hole J formed in the upper portion of a tendon of the rear shoe assembly 4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 8, a gap adjusting plate 10 is provided with a hook-shaped structure at one end far away from the tooth meshing pair, the hook-shaped structure is positioned at the upper side of a point G in fig. 1, and the hook-shaped structure is hooked into a strip-shaped limiting groove F formed in the upper part of a front shoe assembly 2 to prevent a self-adjusting mechanism from falling off from the limiting groove F of the front shoe assembly 2 in the adjusting process; the push plate 9 is provided with a push plate notch B at the other end part which is not provided with the gap adjusting plate 10, and the tendon of the rear hoof assembly 4 is clamped and embedded in the push plate notch B.

Therefore, the upper ends of the front shoe assembly and the rear shoe assembly are connected to clamping grooves on two sides of the brake wheel cylinder assembly, the lower ends of the front shoe assembly and the rear shoe assembly are connected to clamping grooves on two sides of the self-adjusting wheel cylinder assembly and are installed on two sides of the end face of the brake bottom plate assembly through the same pressure spring mechanisms, the parking pull arm is hinged to a rear shoe rib hole of the rear brake shoe assembly through a pull arm pin and is fixed and limited through a check ring, and the end A of the gap adjusting plate 10 is clamped into a limiting groove F of the front shoe assembly.

The parking draw arm and the rear brake shoe assembly are clamped into a push plate notch B, the self-adjusting mechanism and the rear brake shoe assembly are hooked by a limiting spring at the same time, the self-adjusting mechanism and the rear brake shoe assembly are connected together and do not fall off, the self-adjusting function is realized by moving a notch on the front brake shoe assembly, and the self-adjusting mechanism does not fall off in the working process by tensioning the front brake shoe assembly and the rear brake shoe assembly through two brake shoe return springs.

As shown in fig. 2, when the drum-type self-adjustable brake parking brake includes a handle of a vehicle, a parking cable 14 is pulled to drive a parking pull arm 15 to rotate around a pull arm pin 16 of a rear shoe assembly 4, so as to push a self-adjusting mechanism 5 to move forward, so that the front shoe assembly 2 moves forward until the front shoe assembly 2 is tightly attached to a brake drum 13, and the parking pull arm 15 is continuously pulled to rotate, so that the rear shoe assembly 4 moves backward and is pressed against the brake drum 13, so that the vehicle is stably parked.

The implementation working process of the invention is as follows:

when the automobile is braked, the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 are separated from each other to two sides by the thrust of a wheel cylinder piston of the wheel cylinder assembly 3, self-adjustment is carried out at the moment, a limiting groove F on the front shoe assembly 2 is connected with an E point of the gap adjusting plate 20 in a clamping mode, the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 are controlled to be separated and opened to an adjusting distance under the limiting effect of the self-adjusting structure 5, and the separation motion is divided into two stages:

the first stage is as follows: the pistons at two ends of the wheel cylinder assembly 3 prop against the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 to be separated and opened, the plate pin 12 overcomes the spring force of the tension spring 11 to move close to the front shoe assembly 2 in the kidney-shaped hole on the push plate 9 until the position closest to the front shoe assembly 2 in the kidney-shaped hole is taken as a limit position, namely the plate pin 12 also moves to the leftmost side in the kidney-shaped hole on the push plate 9, at the moment, the point E in the figure 1 is driven by the front shoe assembly 2 to the leftmost side in the figure, and the gap adjusting plate 10 also moves in parallel to be positioned at the leftmost side; meanwhile, the push plate 9 is moved towards the direction close to the rear shoe assembly 4 under the force of the limiting spring 8, namely, moved towards the right side in the figure 1;

after the first stage is finished, the gap adjusting plate 10 is just separated from the meshing teeth on the push plate 9;

and a second stage: when the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 are worn, the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 continue to move in a separating mode to drive the gap adjusting plate 10 to rotate around the central axis of the plate pin 12, and the G point of the gap adjusting plate 10 at the limit position of the kidney-shaped hole moves to the L point to drive the tooth meshing position between the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10 to deflect;

when the automobile is not braked, the wheel cylinder assembly 3 does not work to release pressure, the brake shoes of the front shoe assembly 2 and the rear shoe assembly 4 return under the spring force of the brake shoe return spring 6, the self-adjusting mechanism 5 returns through the force of the tension spring 11 to drive the gap adjusting plate 10 and the push plate 9 to return and approach until the push plate 9 and the gap adjusting plate 10 are driven to be meshed with each other again, at the moment, self-adjustment is completed, the distance from the point G to the point L is the distance for realizing self-adjustment, and the gap X between the front friction plate and the brake drum and the gap X between the rear friction plate and the brake drum are adjusted.

Therefore, the invention integrates the functions of self-adjusting and parking, solves the problem of resource and cost waste caused by the independent design of a hand parking brake device in the prior art, and can park reliably without influencing the original service brake by directly adopting the structure, thereby saving the cost and the space.

The above examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting, and any simple modification of the present invention is within the scope of the present invention.