阅读说明：本技术 一种流体通量监测和流体样品采集的装置及方法 (Device and method for monitoring fluid flux and collecting fluid sample ) 是由 尉建功 吴刚 王嘹亮 张汉泉 谢瑞 李文静 吴婷婷 郭旭东 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种流体通量监测和流体样品采集的装置和方法,第一微径管道和第二微径管道向主流管道吸收流体和示踪剂,在第一微径管道和第二微径管道中收集流体样品,在回收第一微径管道和第二微径管道后根据不同时段所存储的流体样品和示踪剂的浓度计算不同时间段的流体通量。本发明结合了包括向上渗透的流体以及向下渗透的流体样品采集和通量监测,提高了研究效率,能还原出当时的流体移动情况和大小,并且本发明能对长周期的流体进行样品采集和通量监测,在长周期过程中无需时刻关注,并且最终所得到的流体通量检测数据也较为精确。(The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring fluid flux and collecting a fluid sample. The invention combines the collection and flux monitoring of the fluid sample comprising upward permeation and downward permeation, improves the research efficiency, can restore the current fluid movement condition and size, can carry out sample collection and flux monitoring on the fluid with long period, does not need to pay attention all the time in the long period process, and finally obtains more accurate fluid flux detection data.)

1. A fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device, comprising: the device comprises a main flow pipeline, a first micro-diameter pipeline, a second micro-diameter pipeline, a liquid suction component and a tracer discharging component, wherein two ends of the main flow pipeline are opened, one end of the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the other end of the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the liquid suction component, one end of the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the other end of the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the liquid suction component, the liquid suction component is used for sucking away medium liquid in the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline, so that the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline generate osmosis to absorb a fluid sample and a tracer to the main flow pipeline, the tracer discharging component is communicated between the position where the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline and the position where the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the tracer discharging component is used for discharging the tracer to the main flow pipeline, and the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline are used for absorbing the tracer and storing the fluid and the tracer in different periods in sections, to monitor the fluid flux over different periods of time based on the concentration of the tracer over different periods of time.

2. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 1, wherein: imbibition subassembly includes airtight pressure chamber, tracer discharge assembly is including the waterproof bag that is equipped with the tracer, and waterproof bag is built-in airtight pressure chamber, and waterproof bag passes airtight pressure chamber and mainstream pipeline intercommunication, and the annular space between airtight pressure chamber and the waterproof bag still stores the material that can absorb liquid in first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline, and first micro-diameter pipeline and second micro-diameter pipeline all communicate with the annular space, the material is used for absorbing liquid and extrudes the tracer in the waterproof bag to mainstream pipeline with the extrusion waterproof bag.

3. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 2, wherein: still include first coil wheel and second coil wheel, first coil wheel and second coil wheel all connect on the upper cover plate, and first pipe of reducing is around first coil wheel setting, and the pipe of reducing is around second coil wheel setting.

4. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 2, wherein: the materials stored in the annular space between the closed pressure bin and the impermeable bag are saturated sodium chloride brine and sodium chloride solids, and the liquid in the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline is deionized water.

5. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 1, wherein: the opening at one end of the main flow channel is bent towards the target area, so that the fluid enters the main flow channel.

6. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a temperature and salt depth sensor which is used for measuring physical parameters of the water body.

7. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 1, wherein: still include the base system, the base system includes upper cover plate and base matrix, and the equal fixed connection in mainstream pipeline, airtight pressure chamber has been seted up flow import and export on the upper cover plate, and the mainstream pipeline is imported and exported and base matrix intercommunication through the flow, and upper cover plate and base matrix connect, and the base matrix is used for supporting sample recovery system and filtration system.

8. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 7, wherein: the base system further comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is connected to one end, far away from the upper cover plate, of the base substrate, and the sealing ring is used for being inserted into a target area to enable the interior of the base substrate and the target area to form a sealing space.

9. The fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device of claim 7, wherein: the base system also includes a porous baffle disposed within the base matrix for the passage of fluids and preventing excessive settling of the device when seated.

10. A method of a fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device, characterized by:

the method comprises the following steps: absorbing water of the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose by an annular space arranged between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag, so that the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose respectively generate osmotic pump permeability P1 and P2 with the same value, and simultaneously increasing the volume of the annular space between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag after the material of the annular space arranged between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag absorbs water, extruding the waterproof bag, and extruding the tracer in the waterproof bag into a main flow pipeline through a third micro-diameter hose;

step two: the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose respectively absorb fluid and tracer from the main flow pipeline,

step three: and performing same-cycle comparison according to the fluid samples collected in the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose of different time periods, and calculating the fluid flux of different time periods according to P1, P2 and the concentration of the tracer.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean fluid monitoring and collection, in particular to a device and a method for fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection.

Background

In deep sea, especially in subsea cold springs and subsea hot liquids, there is a significant amount of upward transport of fluid from deep sea, where fluids based on water, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, fine-grained sediments from below the subsea sedimentary interface overflow the seafloor in gushes or leaks, especially in gas hydrate systems where the fluid (e.g. methane gas) activity is very frequent. The fluids enter the water environment through the sediment-water interface, generate a series of physical, chemical and biological effects, and play an important role in global carbon cycle, biological/microbial life activities, marine chemical changes and the like. Therefore, the method is very important for accurately, in-situ and effectively monitoring and scientifically researching the flux of the sediment-water interface fluid.

At present, there are many ways to measure the flux of fluid, mainly including video image recognition method, multi-beam water method, sonar method, etc., although it can also collect fluid samples to some extent, such collection operation way usually needs to be used with underwater robot, and there are the following disadvantages: firstly, the working time is short, the workload is relatively small, even if long-period operation is available, equipment needs to be continuously monitored or repeatedly salvaged in the operation process, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are consumed, and long-time sequence sample collection tasks are difficult to effectively complete with high quality; secondly, the requirement on supporting equipment is high, the cost is huge, and sample collecting equipment and flux monitoring equipment are needed to be respectively needed to complete sample collection and flux monitoring.

The fluid activity is an important index of the activity of marine geology, particularly natural gas hydrate systems and oil and gas systems, the sample collection and flux monitoring are organically combined, the research efficiency can be improved, the hydrate and oil and gas systems can be better combined, and the future expectation is very good.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collecting device and method, which can solve the problem of combining fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collecting.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device comprising: the device comprises a main flow pipeline, a first micro-diameter pipeline, a second micro-diameter pipeline, a liquid suction component and a tracer discharging component, wherein two ends of the main flow pipeline are opened, one end of the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the other end of the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the liquid suction component, one end of the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the other end of the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the liquid suction component, the liquid suction component is used for sucking away medium liquid in the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline, so that the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline generate osmosis to absorb a fluid sample and a tracer to the main flow pipeline, the tracer discharging component is communicated between the position where the first micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline and the position where the second micro-diameter pipeline is communicated with the main flow pipeline, the tracer discharging component is used for discharging the tracer to the main flow pipeline, and the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline are used for absorbing the tracer and storing the fluid and the tracer in different periods in sections, to monitor the fluid flux over different periods of time based on the concentration of the tracer over different periods of time.

Further, imbibition subassembly includes airtight pressure chamber, tracer discharge assembly is including the waterproof bag that is equipped with the tracer, and waterproof bag is built-in airtight pressure chamber, and waterproof bag passes airtight pressure chamber and mainstream pipeline intercommunication, and the annular space between airtight pressure chamber and the waterproof bag still includes the material that the storage can absorb liquid in first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline, and first micro-diameter pipeline and second micro-diameter pipeline all communicate with the annular space, the material is used for absorbing liquid and extrudes the tracer in the waterproof bag to mainstream pipeline in order to extrude waterproof bag.

Further, still include first coil wheel and second coil wheel, first coil wheel and second coil wheel all are connected on the upper cover plate, and first micro-diameter pipeline encircles first coil wheel setting, and second micro-diameter pipeline encircles second coil wheel setting.

Furthermore, the substances stored in the annular space between the sealed pressure cabin and the waterproof bag are saturated sodium chloride brine and sodium chloride solids, and the liquid in the first micro-diameter pipeline and the second micro-diameter pipeline is deionized water.

Further, the opening of one end of the main flow pipe is bent towards the target area, so that the fluid enters the main flow pipe.

Furthermore, the device also comprises a temperature and salt depth sensor which is used for measuring physical parameters of the water body.

Further, still include the base system, the base system includes upper cover plate and base matrix, and the equal fixed connection in mainstream pipeline, airtight pressure chamber has been seted up flow exit on the upper cover plate, and the mainstream pipeline is imported and exported and base matrix intercommunication through the flow, and upper cover plate and base matrix connect, and the base matrix is used for supporting sample recovery system and filtration system.

Furthermore, the base system also comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is connected to one end of the base matrix far away from the upper cover plate, and the sealing ring is used for being inserted into a target area so that a sealing space is formed between the interior of the base matrix and the target area.

Further, the base system further comprises a porous baffle plate, wherein the porous baffle plate is arranged in the base matrix and is used for fluid to pass through.

A method of a fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collection device,

the method comprises the following steps: absorbing water of the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose by an annular space arranged between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag, so that the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose respectively generate osmotic pump permeability P1 and P2 with the same value, and simultaneously increasing the volume of the annular space between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag after the material of the annular space arranged between the closed pressure bin and the waterproof bag absorbs water, extruding the waterproof bag, and extruding the tracer in the waterproof bag into a main flow pipeline through a third micro-diameter hose;

step two: the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose respectively absorb fluid and tracer from the main flow pipeline,

step three: and performing same-cycle comparison according to the fluid samples collected in the first micro-diameter hose and the second micro-diameter hose of different time periods, and calculating the fluid flux of different time periods according to P1, P2 and the concentration of the tracer.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the invention combines the collection and flux monitoring of the fluid sample comprising upward permeation and downward permeation, thus improving the research efficiency; 2. the invention can restore the current fluid movement condition and size; 3. the invention can carry out sample collection and flux monitoring on the long-period fluid, and the long-period fluid can be monitored after the device is recovered, and attention is not needed at all times in the long-period process; 4. the invention can obtain more accurate flux monitoring data.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the fluid flow of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic of fluid and tracer permeating upward into a micro-diameter hose, q < P1 and q < P2.

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the fluid and tracer permeating upward into a micro-diameter hose, q > P1 and q > P2.

FIG. 6 is a schematic of the fluid and tracer permeating down the micro-diameter hose, q < P1 and q < P2.

FIG. 7 is a schematic of the fluid and tracer permeating down the micro-diameter hose, q < P1 and q < P2.

In the figure, 1, a joint is hoisted and placed; 2. hoisting the pin hole; 3. a protective cover; 4. sealing the pressure bin; 5. a warm salt depth sensor; 6. a pressure-bearing ring; 7. a connecting rod; 8. fixing a clamp; 9. a water impermeable bag; 10. a fixed shaft; 11. a third micro-diameter hose; 121. a first coil wheel; 122. a second coil wheel; 123. a third coil wheel; 124. a fourth coil wheel; 131. a first support bar; 132. a second support bar; 133. a third support bar; 134. a fourth support bar; 14. a functional hole; 151. a first coil shaft; 152. a second coil axis; 16. a first micro-diameter hose; 17. a second micro-diameter hose; 181. a first valve port; 182. a second valve port; 19. a main flow conduit; 20. a flow inlet and outlet; 21. an upper cover plate; 22. a porous baffle; 23. a lower cover plate; 24. a closed ring; 25. sodium chloride brine; 26. a tracer; 27. a permeable membrane; 28. a second support base; 29. a first support base; 30. a base substrate.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description below:

as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device of the present invention comprises a base system, a sample recovery system, a percolation system, a warm salt sensing system and a deployment and recovery system.

The base system is used to support the overall weight of the device of the present invention. The base system comprises a closed ring 24, a lower cover plate 23, a porous baffle plate 22 and a base matrix 30. Base member 30 is hollow cylinder structure, the upper end of airtight ring 24 and base member 30 adopt welded mode fixed connection, and the cross section of airtight ring 24 is triangle-shaped, and triangular airtight ring 24 is favorable to when the sedimentary deposit is inserted to the lower extreme at airtight ring 24 for base member 30 and sedimentary deposit form an airtight space, and the fluid of upwards permeating is sealed inside base member 30 from the sedimentary deposit. The lower cover plate 23 is arranged around the base body 30, and the lower cover plate 23 is used to prevent the base body 30 from sinking too far into the deposited layer. The porous barrier 22 is disposed within and attached to the inner surface of the base body 30. the porous barrier 22 is configured to block passage of bulk material through the base body 30, allowing fluid to pass through the base body 30, and further, preventing excessive settling of the apparatus of the present invention when seated.

The sample recovery system comprises a first sample recovery system and a second sample recovery system, and as the permeation mode of the fluid in the sea comprises upward permeation and downward permeation, the first sample recovery system and the second sample recovery system are jointly used for sampling the upward permeation and downward permeation fluid, and the specific structure of the sample recovery system is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1, 2, and 3, the sample collection system includes an upper cover plate 21, a flow inlet/outlet 20, a main flow pipe 19, a first support base 29, a first sample collection system, and a second sample collection system. The lower end of the upper cover plate 21 is connected to the upper end of the base body 30, the flow inlet and outlet 20 penetrates through the upper cover plate 21, one end of the main flow pipeline 19 is bent downwards to be communicated with the flow inlet and outlet 20, and the lower end of the flow inlet and outlet 20 is communicated with the base body 30, so that after the fluid which permeates upwards enters the base body 30, the fluid enters the main flow pipeline 19 through the flow inlet and outlet 20. Because the fluid can generate an adsorption accumulation phenomenon at the bend of the main flow pipeline 19 when the volume flux rate is lower, and block the bend, the bend position of one end of the main flow pipeline 19 close to the flow inlet/outlet 20 also extends upwards and rightwards for a certain distance to increase the moving path of the fluid, so that the main flow pipeline 19 is effectively prevented from being blocked at the bend position of the fluid, the fluidity of the main flow pipeline 19 is increased, and support can be provided for long-term operation of the invention. The end of the main flow conduit 19 remote from the flow inlet and outlet 20 (i.e. the leftmost end of the main flow conduit 19 in the figure) is open and fluid can also enter the main flow conduit 19 from this opening. The first support base 29 has one end connected to the main flow pipe 19 and the other end connected to the upper cover plate 21, and the first support base 29 supports the main flow pipe 19 and fixes the main flow pipe 19 to the upper cover plate 21. The diameter of the main flow conduit 19 itself is of the order of micro-diameter, which means on the order of micrometers in diameter, such as the capillaries of the prior art.

The first sample recovery system comprises a first valve port 181, a first micro-diameter hose 16, a first coil shaft 151, a first support rod 131, a second support rod 132, a first coil wheel 121 and a second coil wheel 122, wherein the first valve port 181 is arranged on the main flow pipe 19, and the main flow pipe 19 is communicated with the first micro-diameter hose 16 through the first valve port 181. As described in detail below. One end of the first supporting rod 131 is connected with the upper cover plate 21, and the other end is connected with the first coil wheel 121, so that the first coil wheel 121 is fixed on the upper cover plate 21 through the first supporting rod 131, the first supporting rods 131 of the first coil wheel 121 are movably connected through pins, and the first coil wheel 121 can rotate along the axial direction of the first coil wheel 121; at another position of the upper cover plate 21, the second support rod 132 and the second coil wheel 122 are also fixed on the upper cover plate 21 in a manner of fixing the first coil wheel 121, the first coil shaft 151 is disposed between the first coil wheel 121 and the second coil wheel 122, one end of the first coil shaft 151 is fixedly connected to the first coil wheel 121, the other end of the first coil shaft 151 is movably connected to the second coil wheel 122, the first coil shaft 151 can rotate around the self-axial direction relative to the first coil wheel, the first micro-diameter hose 16 is wound on the first coil shaft 151 for multiple turns and then communicated to the sealed pressure chamber 4, and the first coil wheel 121 and the second coil wheel 122 are rotated to facilitate winding of the multi-turn micro-diameter hose. The first coil shaft 151 is operable to wind a plurality of turns of the first micro-diameter hose 16, i.e., the first micro-diameter hose 16 has a sufficient length to be lowered into the ocean, to hold a sufficient amount of fluid sample, and to hold the fluid sample for a sufficient period of time, and the present invention is capable of flux monitoring and collection on a yearly basis, and more particularly, on the first micro-diameter hose 16 for approximately one year.

The second sample recovery system includes a second valve port 182, a second micro-diameter hose 17, a second coil shaft 152, a third support rod 133, a fourth support rod 134, a third coil wheel 123, and a fourth coil wheel 124, the second sample recovery system has the same structure and components as the first sample recovery system, the third coil wheel 123 and the third support rod 133 are jointly fixed on the upper cover plate 21, the fourth coil wheel 124 and the fourth support rod 134 are also jointly fixed on the upper cover plate 21, one end of the second coil shaft 152 and the third coil wheel 123, the other end and the fourth coil wheel 124, one end of the second micro-diameter hose 17 is connected to the main flow pipe 19 through the second valve port 182, and the other end is wound around the second coil shaft 152 through multiple turns and then is communicated to the sealed pressure chamber 4.

The first sample recovery system and the second sample recovery system differ in that: the first valve port 181 of the first sample recovery system is disposed on the main flow conduit 19 near the flow inlet/outlet 20, and the second valve port 182 of the second sample recovery system is disposed near an end of the main flow conduit 19 away from the flow inlet/outlet 20. The fluid with upward permeability enters the main flow pipeline 19 through the flow passing inlet and outlet 20, the end of the main flow pipeline 19 far away from the flow inlet and outlet 20 is the inlet of the fluid with downward permeability entering the main flow pipeline 19, the fluid is collected by the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 according to the volume flux rate q in the main flow pipeline 19 and the comparison of the permeability rate P1 of the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the permeability rate P2 of the second micro-diameter hose 17, and the specific analysis is carried out by combining a percolation system.

The first, second, third and fourth coil wheels 121, 122, 123 and 124 each include a function hole 14, and the function holes 14 are used to control the first and second coil shafts 151 and 152.

The infiltration system comprises a closed pressure bin 4, a waterproof bag 9, a third micro-diameter hose 11, an infiltration film 27 and a second support base 28. One end of the second supporting base 28 is connected to the upper cover plate 21, and the other end is connected to the airtight pressure chamber 4, so that the airtight pressure chamber 4 is fixed on the upper cover plate 21. The waterproof bag 9 is arranged in the closed pressure bin 4, the waterproof bag 9 is communicated with the main flow pipeline 19 through a third micro-diameter hose 11, the position where the third micro-diameter hose 11 is communicated with the main flow pipeline 19 is arranged between the first valve port 181 and the second valve port 182, the inside of the waterproof bag 9 is filled with the tracer 26, the tracer 26 can flow into the main flow pipeline 19 through the third micro-diameter hose 11, and the waterproof bag 9 can be made of plastic materials. The annular space between the closed pressure cabin 4 and the waterproof bag 9 is filled with saturated sodium chloride brine 25 and solid sodium chloride, and the tracer 26 in the waterproof bag 9 is required to have the same density as the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the closed pressure cabin 4, so that when the device is not put into use, the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the closed pressure cabin 4 can not generate pressure on the waterproof bag 9. The closed pressure cabin 4 is also respectively communicated with the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17, permeable membranes 27 are arranged at the communicated positions, and the permeable membranes 27 are made of high polymer materials and only allow water molecules to pass through. Before the present invention is used, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 are respectively filled with deionized water, when the present invention is put into use, the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the sealed pressure chamber 4 absorbs the deionized water of the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 through the permeable membrane 27, the volume of the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 is increased, the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 extrudes the tracer 26 in the impermeable bag 9 into the main flow pipe 19, sodium chloride solid is continuously dissolved in the sodium chloride brine 25, the sodium chloride brine 25 is maintained to be saturated, the speed of the sodium chloride brine 25 for absorbing the deionized water is kept stable, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 absorbed with the deionized water respectively generate osmotic pump permeability P1 and P2, and as the sodium chloride brine 25 is maintained to be saturated for a long time, the P1 and the P2 are stabilized at the same fixed and same value for a long time, the specific values of P1 and P2 can be obtained by an existing method such as an experiment or a formula, and the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 which absorb the ionized water absorb the fluid and the tracer 26 in the main flow pipe 19 due to the permeability of the osmotic pump P1 and P2. In addition, since the sodium chloride brine 25 is kept saturated and the deionized water absorption speed of the sodium chloride brine 25 is kept stable, after the device of the present invention is placed on the seabed, since the deionized water absorption speed of the sodium chloride brine 25 is stable, a certain length of time is provided for the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 for the same length of time, for example, 10 cm of fluid and tracer 26 are respectively absorbed in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 in the first year, 10 cm of fluid and tracer 26 are respectively absorbed in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 in the second year, and other methods can be adopted to mark the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 in combination with the time period. The fluid permeation rate in the first micro-diameter hose 16 is determined by the speed at which the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs the ionized water in the first micro-diameter hose 16, and thus the flow speed of the fluid in the first micro-diameter hose 16 is very slow, and even if the apparatus of the present invention is seated on the seabed for a long time, the fluid or tracer 26 in the first micro-diameter hose 16 is relatively static and does not diffuse or dilute for a long time, and the fluid and tracer 26 in the first micro-diameter hose 16 maintain the concentration and distribution at that time when the apparatus of the present invention is fished out. The fluid flux to various time periods can be calculated at the combined tracer 26 concentration in the first micro-diameter hose 16, if any tracer 26 is present.

The main flow pipe 19, the first micro-diameter hose 16, the second micro-diameter hose 17 and the third micro-diameter hose 11 are all in micro-diameter grade and can be made of capillary tubes in the prior art.

The combination of the sodium chloride brine 25 and the deionized water may be replaced by other substances, and it is only necessary that the substances in the sealed pressure chamber 4 can respectively absorb the liquids in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17.

Explaining the principle of the present invention, the volumetric flux rate of the fluid in the main flow pipe 19 is q, q is determined according to the upward permeating fluid and the downward permeating fluid, specifically, the upward permeating fluid flows from right to left, the downward permeating fluid flows from left to right, the osmotic pump permeability of the first micro-diameter hose 16 is P1, the osmotic pump permeability of the second micro-diameter hose 17 is P2, the values of P1 and P2 are generated according to the deionized water sucked from the closed pressure chamber 4 to the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17, P1 is P2, the fluid speed sucked from the main flow pipe 19 to the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 is determined by P1 and P2, and the flow directions of different fluids in the device of the present invention are described:

for the upward-permeating fluid, the upward-permeating fluid enters the main flow pipe 19 from the flow inlet and outlet 20, flows from right to left, and is divided into the following two cases:

(1) as shown in FIG. 4, in the case where q < P1 and q < P2:

since q is less than P1, that is, the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid entering the main flow pipe 19, and in this process, the fluid is completely absorbed into the first micro-diameter hose 16, and the first micro-diameter hose 16 removes the residual flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the main flow pipe 19 and can also absorb the tracer 26 flowing out of the main flow pipe 19 from the third micro-diameter hose 11, for the second micro-diameter hose 17, only the tracer 26 is absorbed into the second micro-diameter hose 17, and the tracer 26 which cannot be absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17 flows out of the main flow pipe 19 from the left end opening of the main flow pipe 19.

(2) As shown in FIG. 5, in the case where q > P1 and q > P2:

since q > P1, that is, the flow rate of the fluid entering the main flow pipe 19 per unit time is larger than the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16, the fluid cannot be completely absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16, and the fluid not absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16 pushes the tracer 26 flowing out from the third micro-diameter hose 11 to move in the direction of the second valve port 182, so that the first micro-diameter hose 16 only absorbs the fluid without the tracer 26, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 absorbs the fluid and the tracer 26 at the same time, and the tracer 26 which cannot be absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17 flows out of the main flow pipe 19 from the left end opening of the main flow pipe 19.

For the downward fluid, the downward fluid will enter the micro-diameter hose from the opening of the end of the main flow pipe 19 far from the flow inlet/outlet 20 (i.e. the leftmost end of the main flow pipe 19 in fig. 1), and the fluid moves from left to right, and the two situations are as follows:

(1) as shown in FIG. 6, in the case where q < P1 and q < P2:

since q is less than P2, that is, the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid entering the main flow pipe 19, the fluid entering the main flow pipe 19 is completely absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17, the remaining flow rate of the fluid removed by the second micro-diameter hose 17 after absorbing the main flow pipe 19 can also absorb the tracer 26 flowing out of the main flow pipe 19 from the third micro-diameter hose 11, and therefore, for the first micro-diameter hose 16, only the tracer 26 in the main flow pipe 19 can be absorbed, and the tracer 26 which cannot be absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16 flows out of the main flow pipe 19 from the flow inlet/outlet 20.

(2) As shown in FIG. 7, in the case where q > P1 and q > P2:

since q is greater than P2, that is, the flow rate of the fluid entering the main flow pipe 19 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17, the fluid cannot be completely absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17, and the fluid not absorbed by the second micro-diameter hose 17 pushes the tracer 26 flowing out from the third micro-diameter hose 11 to move in the direction of the first valve port 182, so that the first micro-diameter hose 16 only absorbs the fluid without the tracer 26, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 absorbs the fluid and the tracer 26 at the same time, and the tracer 26 which cannot be absorbed by the first micro-diameter hose 16 flows out of the main flow pipe 19 from the right end opening of the main flow pipe 19.

In the above case that one of the upward fluid and the downward fluid enters the main flow pipe, since the directions of the upward fluid and the downward fluid entering the main flow pipe 19 are different, the fluid with the higher volume flux rate in the main flow pipe dominates the flow direction of q in the main flow pipe, and the fluid with the lower volume flux rate is pushed out of the main flow pipe, but in a few cases, the volume flux rates of the upward fluid and the downward fluid are the same, and a specific analysis needs to be performed according to the finally obtained first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17.

The above-mentioned modes of overall fluid movement and the operation principle of the present invention are mainly explained for the fluid movement mode at a certain time point, if the fluid flux for different time periods, since the flow speed of the fluid in the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17 is slow, neither the fluid nor the tracer 26 will form a diffusion or mixing effect in the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17, the fluid and the tracer 26 in different periods of time will be stored in different positions of the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17, the fluid and the tracer in the same period of time will be stored in the same position of the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17, thereby creating the effect of storing the fluid and the tracer 26 in layers (segments) in the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17, the fluid and the tracer 26 are preserved in the first and second micro-diameter hoses 16 and 17 according to different time periods to form a segmented effect of different time periods.

When the device of the invention is recovered, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 can be taken out for simultaneous comparison, because the flow direction of the tracer 26 is different under different conditions, the current fluid condition is analyzed according to the concentration of the tracer 26, and the current fluid flux condition is calculated by combining the values of P1 and P2 and the concentration of the tracer 26. In addition, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 also contain fluids in different periods, that is, the fluids in different periods in a long period are collected, and the ion concentrations of the fluids in different periods are obtained.

The warm salt depth sensing system comprises: the temperature and salt depth sensor comprises a temperature and salt depth sensor 5, a fixing hoop 8 and a fixing shaft 10, wherein the fixing shaft 10 is fixedly connected to an upper cover plate 21, the fixing hoop 8 is connected to the fixing shaft 10, and the temperature and salt depth sensor 5 is fixed to the fixing shaft 10 through the fixing hoop 8. The thermohaline depth sensor 5 (also called thermohaline depth gauge) is a prior art and is used for measuring basic water physical parameters such as conductivity, pressure, temperature and depth of a water body. By combining the invention, the temperature and pressure conditions of different periods in a long period are determined by using the temperature and salt depth sensing system, and the values of the fluid velocity and the fluid flux are respectively corrected according to the temperature and the pressure, so that a more accurate actual value is obtained, and the current fluid condition is restored.

The distribution and recovery system comprises a suspension joint 1, a suspension pin hole 2, a protective cover 3, a connecting rod 7 and a bearing ring 6. The protective cover 3 is fixedly connected to the upper cover plate 21 through a plurality of connecting rods 7, and the protective cover 3 is used for protecting the sample recovery system, the infiltration system and the temperature and salt sensing system from collision damage. The hoisting connector 1 is connected to the protective cover 3, the hoisting pin hole 2 penetrates through the hoisting connector 1, the hoisting pin hole 2 is used for being connected with a crane when the device is put into the device, and the hoisting connector 1 bears the weight of the device and is convenient for putting down or pulling up the device.

The using method of the device comprises the following steps:

1. before the device is put into the seabed, the annular space between the closed pressure cabin 4 and the impermeable bag 9 is filled with saturated sodium chloride brine 25 and solid sodium chloride, the impermeable bag 9 is filled with a tracer 26 which is the same as the sodium chloride brine 25, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 are filled with deionized water, and a temperature and salt depth sensing system is opened.

2. The crane is connected with a hoisting recovery system, the device of the invention is placed into the sea, when the device of the invention is seated on the sea bottom, the closed ring 24 is contacted with and inserted into sediments to form a closed space, the saturated sodium chloride saline 25 absorbs deionized water in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17, under the condition that the volume of the closed pressure chamber 4 is fixed, the volume of the saturated sodium chloride saline 25 absorbing deionized water is increased, the tracer 26 in the waterproof bag 9 is extruded into the main flow pipeline 19, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 absorbing deionized water respectively generate the osmotic pump permeability P1 of the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the osmotic pump permeability P2, P1 and P2 of the second micro-diameter hose 17, and the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 respectively absorb the tracer 26 and fluid in the main flow pipeline 19.

3. After a long period, before the sample water in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 is completely absorbed, the device of the invention is salvaged and recovered by a crane, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 are obtained, the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 are cut off in sections to obtain fluid samples of different time periods and are stored, fluid samples of different time periods are obtained, the fluid samples stored in the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 and the concentration of the tracer 26 in the fluid samples are compared in the same period, the current fluid permeation condition (including the fluid flow direction and the size relation between q and P1 and P2) is deduced, and the fluid flux obtained in different time periods is corrected by combining the temperature and the pressure measured by the warm salt depth sensing system, and accurate fluid flux data is obtained.

The permeation situation is calculated by comparing the first micro-diameter hose 16 and the second micro-diameter hose 17 in the same period as follows:

(1) the first micro-diameter hose 16 includes a fluid and a tracer 26 therein, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 includes only the tracer 26 therein. Illustrating the fluid having upward permeability characteristics at the time, and q < P1, the tracer 26 moves in the main flow conduit 19 in the direction of the first valve port 181 and the second valve port 182, respectively.

(2) The first micro-diameter hose 16 contains only fluid without the tracer 26, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 contains the absorption fluid and the tracer 26. Indicating that there is an upward fluid flow characteristic at the time, and q > P1, the tracer 26 flowing from the third micro-diameter hose 11 will move in the main flow line 19 only in the direction of the second valve port 182.

(3) The first micro-diameter hose 16 has only the tracer 26, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 includes the fluid and the tracer 26 therein. Illustrating the fluid having the downward permeation characteristic at the time, and q < P1, the tracer 26 flowing out of the third micro-diameter hose 11 moves in the main flow pipe 19 in the direction of the first valve port 181 and the second valve port 182, respectively.

(4) The first micro-diameter hose 16 includes an absorbent fluid and a tracer 26, and the second micro-diameter hose 17 has only a fluid without the tracer 26. Illustrating the fluid having the downward penetration characteristic, and q > P1, the tracer 26 flowing out of the third micro-diameter hose 11 moves in the main flow pipe 19 only in the direction of the first valve port 181.

The above description of the concept of the fluid with only the tracer 26 or without the tracer 26 is a relative concept, and the concept of the fluid with only the tracer 26 or without the tracer 26 is a concept of high concentration or low concentration relative to another micro-diameter hose, for example, the first micro-diameter hose 16 with only the tracer 26 means that the first micro-diameter hose 16 contains a higher concentration of the tracer 26 relative to the second micro-diameter hose 17.

Finally, the fluid flux of the current time period is calculated according to the concentrations of the P1, the P2 and the tracer 26 and the correction of the temperature and salt depth sensor 5.

The invention discloses a fluid flux monitoring and fluid sample collecting device and method, which can monitor the fluid flux of the seabed for a long period, obtain the accurate fluid flux condition by combining a temperature and salt depth sensing system, and collect fluid samples in different periods in a first micro-diameter hose 16 and a second micro-diameter hose 17 to obtain the fluid samples in different periods.

Various other changes and modifications to the above-described embodiments and concepts will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the above description, and all such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.