阅读说明：本技术 一种半潜式大型爆炸实验罐安装基础设计方法 (Design method for semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank installation foundation ) 是由 王志凯 夏辉衡 姚熊亮 陈锦 王治 黄亚舒 史迪 于 2021-08-05 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于抗冲击基座设计安装技术领域,具体涉及一种半潜式大型爆炸实验罐安装基础设计方法。本发明针对内部爆炸冲击波载荷的传递过程以及爆炸实验罐的通用性,提出了爆炸罐外部建筑结构的设计要求与方法。本发明能够对爆炸实验罐内所进行的各类实验所产生的垂向和水平方向的冲击进行有效吸收和抵御,并对爆炸罐起到固定和防倾覆作用,具有极高的安全性,同时也具有易于安装的特点,具有较高的使用便捷性。(The invention belongs to the technical field of design and installation of impact-resistant bases, and particularly relates to a design method of an installation foundation of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank. The invention provides design requirements and a method for an external building structure of an explosion tank aiming at the transmission process of internal explosion shock wave load and the universality of the explosion experimental tank. The explosion experiment tank can effectively absorb and resist impacts in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing overturn of the explosion tank, has extremely high safety, has the characteristic of easy installation, and has higher use convenience.)

1. A design method for an installation foundation of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_dThe foundation pit with static force function reinforces the wall surface;

F_dthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_d＝αE_kd/δ_max

wherein E is_kdThe specific impulse energy of the explosion shock wave in the experimental tank; r₁The distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive amount of the explosive, and the unit is kg; rho is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in water in the experimental tank; t is t_mThe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p₁the distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The peak pressure of the inner wall surface of the tank,K. α is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; theta₁Is the attenuation time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave with the unit of s,alpha is a set safety factor; delta_maxIs a set maximum displacement limit;

step 2: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_sA support frame acting statically;

F_sthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_s＝λp₂S

wherein S is the contact area of the support frame and the experimental tank; p is a radical of₂The distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The peak pressure of the support frame of (a),T_dthe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The duration of action of the support frame of (a),f_nis the fundamental frequency of the support frame;

and step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; the vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, and the x vibration isolators are annularly and uniformly arranged above the positions of the beams of the support frame by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center, so that the load is effectively transmitted; the vibration isolator can at least bear the size of F_G(ii) gravity;

F_G＝M·(g+a)/x

wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper support frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and the vibration equation y (t) A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the experiment tank and the supporting frame are integrally excited by the impact load₁cosωt+A₂solving sin omega t; a. the₁、A₂Representing an amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;

and 4, step 4: designing an external support structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the foundation pit reinforcing wall surface around the outer side of the upper part of the experiment tank and used for offsetting moment which cannot be offset when the vibration isolator fails accidentally, and preventing the experiment tank from overturning; an elastic gasket is adopted at the end part of the external supporting structure, and an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;

B＝A₃-e_m

wherein e is_mThe maximum compression amount which can be borne by the elastic gasket; a. the₃Indicating operation in the isolatorUnder the limit of the stroke, the maximum displacement amplitude value which can be generated when the experiment tank does pendulum motion; h is₁The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is adopted; h is₂The tension stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is shown; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r₃The mounting radius of the vibration isolator;

and 5: and constructing a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank system according to the designed foundation pit reinforcing wall surface, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure.

2. The design method of the installation foundation of the semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1, the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit adopts reinforced concrete, and the impact action point is applied with the size of F by a plastic strand method_dAnd (3) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of design and installation of impact-resistant bases, and particularly relates to a design method of an installation foundation of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank.

Background

The explosion experiment tank is the main equipment for researching explosion action rules of explosive air explosion, underwater explosion and the like and for metal explosion processing. Compared with the experimental conditions of the field natural water area, the underwater explosion experiment by using the explosion experimental tank has the advantages that the experimental instrument is convenient to place, the experimental data is convenient to collect, the experimental external conditions are convenient to control, the experimental sample is convenient to recover, the influence of the explosion experiment on the surrounding environment is convenient to eliminate, and the like, and the experimental tank is a main means for researching the underwater explosion action rule of the explosive by using small explosive amount according to the underwater explosion similar principle in a laboratory. For the air explosion and explosion processing experiments, the explosion experimental tank also has the advantages similar to those when the tank is used for underwater explosion.

At present, the application to explosion experiment jar has obtained a large amount of practices, but at present there is not general standard to the installation of explosion jar, it is generally direct transversely to put or erect the explosion jar and fix on ground or installation frame, the security of explosion experiment jar when explosion experiment only stops the degree that whether explosion experiment jar can damage at present when explosion experiment, and do not consider the impact load of explosion to outside influence, when carrying out the explosion experiment, the impact load that the explosion produced directly transmits on the installation face, produce great noise easily, can damage the installation face under the serious condition, lead to the toppling of explosion jar. In addition, the explosion tank is generally directly installed on the ground instead of being buried underground or installed in a closed space, so that the explosion tank cannot well protect surrounding experimenters and experimental equipment when the explosion tank is accidentally damaged.

Therefore, a set of complete basic standard design scheme for installing the explosion experimental tank is provided, and the problem needs to be solved in the field of the current explosion experimental tank experiment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a design method of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank installation foundation.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_dThe foundation pit with static force function reinforces the wall surface;

F_dthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_d＝αE_kd/δ_max

wherein E is_kdThe specific impulse energy of the explosion shock wave in the experimental tank; r₁The distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive amount of the explosive, and the unit is kg; rho is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in water in the experimental tank; t is t_mThe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p₁the distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The peak pressure of the inner wall surface of the tank,K. α is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; theta₁Is the attenuation time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave with the unit of s,alpha is a set safety factor; delta_maxIs a set maximum displacement limit;

step 2: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_sA support frame acting statically;

F_sthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_s＝λp₂S

wherein S is the contact area of the support frame and the experimental tank; p is a radical of₂The distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The peak pressure of the support frame of (a),T_dthe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The duration of action of the support frame of (a),f_nis the fundamental frequency of the support frame;

and step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; the vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, and the x vibration isolators are annularly and uniformly arranged above the positions of the beams of the support frame by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center, so that the load is effectively transmitted; the vibration isolator can at least bear the size of F_G(ii) gravity;

F_G＝M·(g+a)/x

wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper support frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and the vibration equation y (t) A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the experiment tank and the supporting frame are integrally excited by the impact load₁cosωt+A₂solving sin omega t; a. the₁、A₂Representing an amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;

and 4, step 4: designing an external support structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the foundation pit reinforcing wall surface around the outer side of the upper part of the experiment tank and used for offsetting moment which cannot be offset when the vibration isolator fails accidentally, and preventing the experiment tank from overturning; an elastic gasket is adopted at the end part of the external supporting structure, and an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;

B＝A₃-e_m

wherein e is_mThe maximum compression amount which can be borne by the elastic gasket; a. the₃The maximum displacement amplitude which can be generated by the experimental tank doing pendulum motion under the limitation of the working stroke of the vibration isolator is shown; h is₁The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is adopted; h is₂The tension stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is shown; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r₃The mounting radius of the vibration isolator;

and 5: and constructing a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank system according to the designed foundation pit reinforcing wall surface, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure.

The present invention may further comprise:

in the step 1, the reinforced wall surface of the foundation pit adopts reinforced concrete, and the impact action point is applied with the size of F by a plastic strand method_dAnd (3) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the explosion experiment tank can effectively absorb and resist impacts in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing overturn of the explosion tank, has extremely high safety, has the characteristic of easy installation, and has higher use convenience.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general schematic diagram of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank installation foundation in the invention.

Fig. 2(a) is a vertical bottom view of the upper support frame (including the vibration isolators).

Fig. 2(b) is a side view of the upper support frame (containing the vibration isolators).

Fig. 2(c) is a vertical top view of the upper support frame (including the vibration isolators).

Fig. 3(a) is a vertical bottom view of the lower support frame.

Fig. 3(b) is a side view of the lower support frame.

Fig. 3(c) is a vertical top view of the lower support frame.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the vibration isolator.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the external support structure of the explosion can.

Fig. 5(a) is a vertical bottom view of the outer support structure of the explosive tank.

Fig. 5(b) is a side view of the outer support structure of the explosion can.

Fig. 5(c) is a vertical top view of the outer support structure of the explosive tank.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to the technical field of design and installation of an impact-resistant base. The invention provides a design method of a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank installation foundation, which solves the problems of safety, use convenience and the like of a large-scale explosion experimental tank in the experimental process. The invention provides design requirements and a method of an external building structure of an explosion tank aiming at the transmission process of an internal explosion shock wave load and the universality of the explosion experimental tank; in order to solve the problem of transmission of impact load to a foundation, 8 axisymmetric vibration isolation dampers are designed at the bottom of the tank body, and a model selection method and an installation method are provided. The invention designs the vibration isolation structure of the support frame, the vibration isolator and the support frame, and effectively transmits and absorbs the impact load; an external supporting structure taking the wall surface-steel structure-rubber gasket-air-explosion tank body as an installation mode is designed, and effective horizontal protection is provided for the explosion tank body. The explosion experiment tank can effectively absorb and resist impacts in the vertical and horizontal directions generated by various experiments in the explosion experiment tank, has the functions of fixing and preventing overturn of the explosion tank, has extremely high safety, has the characteristic of easy installation, and has higher use convenience.

The invention discloses a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank installation foundation which comprises a semi-submersible explosion experimental tank foundation pit periphery reinforcement 6, an explosion tank external support structure 2, a support frame and a vibration isolator 4. The outer support structure of the explosion tank is mounted outside the explosion tank and around the tank body. The mounting sequence of the vibration isolator and the supporting structure is the external structure base of the explosion tank, the supporting structure, the vibration isolator, the supporting structure and the explosion tank body 1.

The method comprises the steps that the periphery of a foundation pit of a semi-submersible type explosion experiment tank is reinforced and divided into a wall surface and a base, main materials are high-quality concrete, after the wall surface calculates the equivalent static force under the action of an impact load in the horizontal direction, a wallboard under the equivalent static force is applied to an impact action point through a plastic hinge line method to carry out reinforcement design, and after the base calculates the equivalent static force under the action of a vertical impact load and the total weight of an explosion experiment tank, contents and a supporting structure under a working state, the total force applied to a contact surface is designed through the plastic hinge line method. The joint of the substrate and the wall surface is provided with a drainage channel 7, which can meet the requirements of the explosion experiment tank for water explosion experiments.

(1) And determining the intensity of the explosion shock wave in the container under the experimental working condition.

For a spherical cartridge, the peak pressure of the shock wave in water at the position R away from the center of pop is as follows:

in the formula: p is a radical of_mTo measure the peak pressure on the point wavefront in kg; k is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; w is the dose, unit kg; r is the distance between the measuring point and the center of the medicine package, and the unit is m; α is a constant related to the nature of the explosive.

The decay of the blast overpressure p in the water at the measurement point over time t can be expressed as:

p(t)＝p_m·e^-t/θ (2)

in the formula: θ is the underwater blast shock wave decay time constant (in s) and is determined for a spherical charge by the following equation:

duration t of action of shock wave in water on obstacle_m(in s) is given by:

(2) and determining the specific impulse energy of the shock wave.

When the spherical explosive package explodes underwater, the shock wave energy of each point determined by the surface wave motion position of the fluid is equal to the work done by the shock wave moving on the surface, so the shock wave energy generated by the underwater explosion of the explosive with unit mass can be calculated according to the following formula, and the specific impulse energy (the unit is J/kg):

wherein ρ is the density of water; c is the speed of sound in water.

(3) Using the formula F_d＝αE_kd/δ_maxCalculating the equivalent static force applied to the concrete structure under the action of the impact load, wherein alpha is a safety coefficient and delta is_maxThe maximum displacement is a design requirement limit. The invention gives a reference value of 0.6, which can be increased according to the specific safety requirement;

(4) applying a force F to the impact point by a plastic strand method_dAnd (3) carrying out reinforcement design on the concrete slab under the static force.

And the supporting frame is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the main material is high-strength steel, the upper supporting frame 3 is used for connecting the explosion tank body and the vibration isolator, and the lower supporting frame 5 is used for connecting the vibration isolator and the external building base of the explosion tank. The main effect is for bearing the weight of explosion jar and transmitting impact load, in view of the particularity that explosion experiment jar braced frame need additionally undertake the impact, on the basis of referring to "steel chemical container structural design regulation" in our country, propose the design method after optimizing:

(1) the frame structure design refers to the content in the structural design regulation of the steel chemical container: for containers with thin walls and large loads, a rigid ring support structure is preferably adopted, and the rigid ring support can be arranged according to the current industry standard, part 5 of the container support: rigid Ring support "NB/T47065.5 was chosen. The present invention provides a non-standard rigid ring mount structural design for reference.

(2) Determining the equivalent static force to which the frame structure is subjected under the action of the impact load.

Obtaining the fundamental frequency f of the frame structure by a vibration mode test or finite element simulation method_n；

The dynamic scaling factor λ is calculated according to the following formula:

wherein, T_dThe duration of the impact load is given by equation (4); f. of_nIs the fundamental frequency of the frame structure;

calculating the equivalent static force F of the frame structure under the action of the impact load according to the following formula_s：

F_s＝λPS (7)

Wherein, P is the peak value of the impact load and is obtained by the formula (1); s is the contact area of the supporting structure and the experimental tank;

(3) reference industry standard container holder part 5: rigid ring mount NB/T47065.5 adding an equivalent static load F to the vertical load W of the vessel_sAnd (6) carrying out intensity check.

And thirdly, 8 vibration isolators are annularly arranged on the supporting structure at intervals of 45 degrees, and the type selection of the vibration isolators is determined according to the full load mass of the tank body and the maximum explosion load capable of being borne by the explosion experimental tank. The design of the vibration isolator comprises two parts of model selection and installation. Regarding the installation, 8 vibration isolators altogether, use the center of braced frame as the centre of a circle the hoop evenly to separate 45 degrees and install, vibration isolator should install with braced frame's roof beam place top to the effective transmission load, the center distance of the vibration isolator of diagonal angle installation can not be too near, prevents to topple. Regarding the model selection, the utilization ratio (the utilization ratio eta is the actual load bearing/the largest load bearing of the vibration isolator) of the vibration isolator is used as a safety factor, the lower the safety factor is, the higher the safety is, the high safety required is, the model selection is performed on the vibration isolator, in the system, the system is supposed to do undamped simple chord motion after receiving the excitation of the impact load, and the actual load bearing is performed: and F is M (g + a)/8, M is the total mass of the upper structure of the vibration isolator, g is the gravity acceleration, and a is solved by a vibration equation y (t) Bcos omega t + Asin omega t.

And fourthly, the external support structure of the explosion tank is arranged on the wall surface around the explosion experiment tank, the height of the external support structure is the same as that of the working platform in the tank, and the external support structure is arranged in a wall surface-support frame-rubber gasket-air-tank body mode and is used for offsetting residual moment of the vibration isolator and preventing the explosion experiment tank from overturning. The design of the external supporting structure of the explosion tank mainly aims at offsetting the moment which cannot be offset when the vibration isolator fails unexpectedly, and preventing the explosion experimental tank from overturning unexpectedly, the main materials are high-strength steel and rubber and are divided into a working platform and a supporting structure, the mounting mode of the supporting structure is a wall surface-steel structure-rubber gasket-air-explosion tank body, 8 air layers are annularly arranged on the wall surface in total, wherein the air layers play roles of facilitating hoisting of the explosion experimental tank and fully utilizing the vibration isolator so as to reduce the loss rate of the external supporting structure, and the thickness of the air layers is obtained by the following formula:

d＝A-e (8)

wherein e is the maximum compression amount which can be borne by the rubber block; a is the maximum displacement amplitude which can be generated by the pendulum motion under the limit of the working stroke of the vibration isolator after the system receives the excitation of the impact load, and is obtained by the following formula:

wherein h is₁、h₂Respectively representing the compression stroke and the stretching stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; and R is the mounting radius of the vibration isolator.

In summary, the design method of the installation foundation of the semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank comprises the following steps:

step 1: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_dThe foundation pit with static force function reinforces the wall surface;

F_dthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_d＝αE_kd/δ_max

wherein E is_kdThe specific impulse energy of the explosion shock wave in the experimental tank; r₁The distance from the inner wall surface of the tank to the explosion center is m; w is the explosive amount of the explosive, and the unit is kg; rho is the density of water in the experimental tank; c is the sound velocity in water in the experimental tank; t is t_mThe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The action time of the inner wall surface of the tank,p₁the distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₁The peak pressure of the inner wall surface of the tank,K. α is a constant related to the nature of the explosive; theta₁Is the attenuation time constant of the underwater explosion shock wave with the unit of s,alpha is a set safety factor; delta_maxIs a set maximum displacement limit;

step 2: designed to withstand a magnitude of F_sA support frame acting statically;

F_sthe calculation method comprises the following steps:

F_s＝λp₂S

wherein S is the contact area of the support frame and the experimental tank; p is a radical of₂The distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The peak pressure of the support frame of (a),T_dthe distance between the pair of underwater explosion shock waves and the center of explosion is R₂The duration of action of the support frame of (a),f_nis the fundamental frequency of the support frame;

and step 3: splitting the support frame into an upper support frame and a lower support frame, and arranging a vibration isolator array between the upper support frame and the lower support frame; the vibration isolator array comprises x vibration isolators, and the x vibration isolators are annularly and uniformly arranged above the positions of the beams of the support frame by taking the center of the support frame as a circle center, so that the load is effectively transmitted; the vibration isolator can at least bear the size of F_G(ii) gravity;

F_G＝M·(g+a)/x

wherein M is the total mass of the experimental tank and the upper support frame above the vibration isolator; g is gravity acceleration, a is acceleration caused by impact load, and the vibration equation y (t) A of undamped simple chord motion is carried out after the experiment tank and the supporting frame are integrally excited by the impact load₁cosωt+A₂solving sin omega t; a. the₁、A₂Representing an amplitude; ω represents the vibration frequency;

and 4, step 4: designing an external support structure of the experimental tank; the external supporting structure is arranged on the foundation pit reinforcing wall surface around the outer side of the upper part of the experiment tank and used for offsetting moment which cannot be offset when the vibration isolator fails accidentally, and preventing the experiment tank from overturning; an elastic gasket is adopted at the end part of the external supporting structure, and an air layer with the thickness of B is reserved between the external supporting structure and the experimental tank;

B＝A₃-e_m

wherein e is_mThe maximum compression amount which can be borne by the elastic gasket; a. the₃The maximum displacement amplitude which can be generated by the experimental tank doing pendulum motion under the limitation of the working stroke of the vibration isolator is shown; h is₁The compression stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is adopted; h is₂The tension stroke of the vibration isolator under the rated working condition is shown; h is the relative height of the support frame and the vibration isolator; r₃The mounting radius of the vibration isolator;

and 5: and constructing a semi-submersible large-scale explosion experimental tank system according to the designed foundation pit reinforcing wall surface, the supporting frame, the vibration isolator and the external supporting structure.

The invention provides a complete basic standard design scheme for the installation of an explosion test tank, and provides a specific design scheme of each part in the scheme by giving the appearance parameters of the explosion test tank, the quality under the full load condition and the horizontal and vertical impact loads which can be generated by the explosion test tank under the rated working condition.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.