阅读说明：本技术 一种燃料电池车动力电池箱火灾抑制和灭火设备以及方法 (Fire suppression and fire extinguishing equipment and method for power battery box of fuel cell vehicle ) 是由 张利绍 奚海波 张静飞 张小丽 张新志 于 2021-09-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种燃料电池车动力电池箱火灾抑制和灭火设备以及方法,包括整车氢气气瓶,通过一级减压阀、二级减压阀和总电磁阀,通过三通分别进入电磁阀和燃料电池,另外一路三通进入电池阀N和电箱,置换出来的氢气,通过两位三通阀进入汽水分离器,将氢气分离出,再次进入主管路,进行循环,电箱内设置有氢浓度传感器、烟雾浓度传感器、VOC传感器、CO传感器、温度传感器、氧浓度传感器和压力传感器,将氢气充入对应的电箱中,将电箱内空气和其他气体排除,实现车辆轻量化,提升车辆续驶里程,提升氢气利用率,节省成本,实现快速灭火,保证电箱和设备安全。本发明还公开了一种利用该设备进行燃料电池车动力电池箱火灾抑制和灭火的方法。(The invention discloses a fire suppression and fire extinguishing device and method for a power battery box of a fuel cell vehicle, which comprises a hydrogen gas cylinder of the whole vehicle, respectively enters the electromagnetic valve and the fuel cell through the primary pressure reducing valve, the secondary pressure reducing valve and the main electromagnetic valve and the tee joint, the other three-way pipe enters a battery valve N and an electric box, the displaced hydrogen enters a steam-water separator through a two-position three-way valve, the hydrogen is separated and enters a main pipeline again for circulation, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged in the electric box, the hydrogen is filled into the corresponding electric box, air and other gases in the electric box are removed, the light weight of the vehicle is realized, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, the utilization rate of hydrogen is improved, the cost is saved, the quick fire extinguishing is realized, and the safety of the electric box and equipment is ensured. The invention also discloses a method for suppressing and extinguishing fire of the power battery box of the fuel battery car by using the device.)

1. The utility model provides a fuel cell car power battery case conflagration suppression and fire extinguishing apparatus which characterized in that: including whole car hydrogen gas cylinder (1), whole car hydrogen gas cylinder (1) is through one-level relief pressure valve (2), second grade relief pressure valve (3) and master solenoid valve (5), gets into solenoid valve (8) and fuel cell (7) respectively through the tee bend, and the tee bend gets into battery valve N (18) and electronic box (9) all the way in addition, and the hydrogen of replacement comes out gets into catch water (4) through two three-way valve (23), separates out hydrogen, and the reentrant main line circulates.

2. The fuel cell vehicle power cell box fire suppression and extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the whole vehicle hydrogen gas cylinder (1), the primary pressure reducing valve (2), the secondary pressure reducing valve (3) and the main electromagnetic valve (5) are communicated through gas paths.

3. The fuel cell vehicle power cell box fire suppression and extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the fuel cell (7) is communicated with the electromagnetic valve (8) through an air path, and the two-position three-way valve (23) is communicated with the steam-water separator (4) through an air path and enters the main pipeline to be communicated with the main electromagnetic valve (5) through an air path.

4. The fuel cell vehicle power cell box fire suppression and extinguishing apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen concentration sensor (10), the smoke concentration sensor (11), the VOC sensor (12), the CO sensor (13), the temperature sensor (14), the oxygen concentration sensor (15) and the pressure sensor (16) are sequentially arranged in the electric box (9) from right to left, the main controller (6) comprehensively judges whether the electromagnetic valves (1, 17) and the electromagnetic valve N (18) which are connected with different electric boxes (9) are opened or not according to the sensor measurement data and the parameter comparison in set logic, and hydrogen is filled into the corresponding electric box (9).

5. The fuel cell vehicle power cell box fire suppression and extinguishing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the number of the electric boxes (9) is two, the electric boxes are arranged on the left and the right, the two electric boxes (9) are identical in structure, one electric box is communicated with the electromagnetic valve 1(17) through an air path, and the other electric box is communicated with the electromagnetic valve N (18) through an air path.

6. The fuel cell vehicle power cell box fire suppression and extinguishing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: the main controller (6) is electrically connected with the main pipeline through an electric signal.

7. The method for suppressing and extinguishing a fire in a power battery box of a fuel cell vehicle using the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps: when the equipment works, the equipment shares a hydrogen source with a hydrogen bottle of a fuel cell vehicle, hydrogen is used as replacement gas of air and other gases in an electric box (9), the gas in the electric box (9) is completely replaced, the purity of the hydrogen in the electric box (9) is ensured, the gas in the electric box (9) is replaced through an upper air inlet and lower air outlet structure, pure hydrogen in the electric box (9) is contained between a low-voltage electric appliance element and a high-voltage electric appliance element, the ignition point of the electric appliance element is lifted to 400 ℃ along with the hydrogen, the ignition risk temperature of the electric box (9) is raised, when a sensor in the electric box (9) detects abnormal conditions in the electric box (9), a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve is started, low-temperature liquid nitrogen is rapidly filled into the electric box (9), the temperature in the electric box (9) is reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible substances, combustion-supporting gas is isolated, the activity of the battery is reduced, the power supply of the battery is stopped, and meanwhile, a main controller (6) communicates with the whole vehicle, the vehicle control unit cuts off the high voltage of the equipment, ensures the safety of the battery and the equipment, and the main control unit (6) communicates with the electromagnetic valve, closes the main pipeline battery valve, the fuel cell air inlet battery valve and the fuel cell to stop working, and ensures the safety of the vehicle and the electric box (9).

8. The method for fire suppression and extinguishment of a power cell box of a fuel cell vehicle using the apparatus of claim 7, wherein: after a sensor in the electric box (9) detects a PACK thermal runaway state in the electric box (9), the main controller (6) can communicate with the master control valve (5), the electromagnetic valve (8), the electromagnetic valve 1(17) and the electromagnetic valve N (18) to close the master control valve (5), the electromagnetic valve (8), the electromagnetic valve 1(17) and the electromagnetic valve N (18), the fuel cell (7) stops working, meanwhile, the main controller (6) communicates with the two-position three-way valve (23), a channel communicated with the steam-water separator (4) is closed, an emptying channel is opened to empty the gas in the electric box (9), meanwhile, the main controller (6) communicates with the equipment controller (19), the equipment controller (19) closes the equipment high pressure (20), meanwhile, the main controller (6) communicates with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve (21), and the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve (21) is opened, the low-temperature nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen bottle (22) is rapidly filled into the electric box (9).

9. The method for fire suppression and extinguishment of a power cell box of a fuel cell vehicle using the apparatus of claim 8, wherein: the main controller (6) is connected with the equipment controller (19) and the equipment high pressure (20) through electric signals, and the main controller (6) is connected with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve (21) through electric signals.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a fire suppression and extinguishing device and method for a power battery box of a fuel cell vehicle.

Background

The existing fuel cell vehicle battery box can only solve low-voltage equipment and wire harness fire hazards outside the battery box body, can not prevent and inhibit the fire hidden trouble in the power battery box in advance, is difficult to replace oxygen-containing air in the battery box body quickly, and is easy to deform an outer shell of the battery box when the internal pressure of the battery box is overlarge, so that a long time is needed for reaching a high-purity nitrogen state; the existing cabin bodies need to be separately reserved with installation space, and the weight and the power consumption of the whole automobile are increased; at present, a method and a device for suppressing ignition by adopting hydrogen in the normal use process of a battery and extinguishing fire by adopting liquid nitrogen when the battery is out of control due to heat are not available.

Based on the above, the invention designs a fire suppression and fire extinguishing device for a power battery box of a fuel cell vehicle, so as to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide fire suppression and fire extinguishing equipment and method for a power battery box of a fuel battery car, and aims to solve the problems of a device for suppressing fire by using temporary unpowered battery box hydrogen in the prior art and a method and a device for rapidly reducing the temperature of a battery cell of a battery to be below the active temperature of the battery cell by rapidly charging low-temperature nitrogen into an electric box when the battery is out of control due to heat, so that the battery cell loses activity and the battery cell is prevented from further out of control due to heat, which are provided by the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a fuel cell car power battery case conflagration restraines and fire extinguishing apparatus, includes whole car hydrogen gas bottle, whole car hydrogen gas bottle passes through one-level relief pressure valve, second grade relief pressure valve and total solenoid valve, gets into solenoid valve and fuel cell respectively through the tee bend, and tee bend gets into battery valve N and electronic box all the way in addition, and the hydrogen of replacement comes out gets into catch water through two three-way valves, separates out hydrogen, and the reentrant main line circulates.

As a further scheme of the invention, the whole vehicle hydrogen gas cylinder, the primary pressure reducing valve, the secondary pressure reducing valve and the main electromagnetic valve are communicated through gas circuits.

As a further scheme of the invention, the fuel cell is communicated with the electromagnetic valve through a gas path, the two-position three-way valve is communicated with the steam-water separator through the gas path, and the fuel cell enters the main pipeline and is communicated with the main electromagnetic valve through the gas path.

As a further scheme of the invention, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a smoke concentration sensor, a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, an oxygen concentration sensor and a pressure sensor are sequentially arranged in the electric box from right to left, and a main controller comprehensively judges whether electromagnetic valves and electromagnetic valves N connected with different electric boxes are opened or not according to the comparison of the measured data of the sensors and parameters in set logic, and fills hydrogen into the corresponding electric boxes.

As a further scheme of the present invention, the number of the electrical boxes is two, the electrical boxes are arranged left and right, the two electrical boxes have the same structure, one of the electrical boxes is communicated with the electromagnetic valve through an air path, and the other electrical box is communicated with the electromagnetic valve N through an air path.

As a further aspect of the present invention, the main controller is electrically connected to the main pipeline through an electrical signal.

The invention also provides the following technical scheme: a method for suppressing and extinguishing fire of a power battery box of a fuel battery car by using the equipment comprises the following steps: when the device works, the device shares a hydrogen source with a hydrogen bottle of a fuel cell vehicle, hydrogen is used as replacement gas of air and other gases in an electric box, the gas in the electric box is completely replaced, the purity of the hydrogen in the electric box is ensured, the gas in the electric box is replaced through a structure of upper air inlet and lower air exhaust, pure hydrogen in the electric box is contained between low-voltage and high-voltage electric elements, the ignition point of the electric elements is lifted to 400 ℃ along with the hydrogen, the ignition risk temperature of the electric box is raised, when a sensor in the electric box detects abnormal conditions in the electric box, a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve is started, low-temperature liquid nitrogen is rapidly filled into the electric box, the temperature in the electric box is reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible substances, combustion-supporting gas is isolated, the activity of the battery is reduced by the low-temperature liquid nitrogen, the power supply of the battery is stopped, meanwhile, a main controller communicates with the vehicle, the high voltage of the device is cut off, the safety of the battery and the device are ensured, the main controller communicates with the electromagnetic valve, and the main pipeline battery valve, the fuel cell air inlet battery valve and the fuel cell are closed to stop working, so that the safety of the whole vehicle and the electric box is ensured.

As a further scheme of the invention, after the electric box sensor detects a PACK thermal runaway state in the electric box, the main controller can communicate with the main control valve, the electromagnetic valve and the electromagnetic valve N, the main control valve, the electromagnetic valve and the electromagnetic valve N are closed, the fuel cell stops working, meanwhile, the main controller communicates with the two-position three-way valve, a channel communicated with the steam-water separator is closed, an emptying channel is opened, gas in the electric box is replaced and emptied, meanwhile, the main controller communicates with the equipment controller, the equipment controller closes the high pressure of the equipment, meanwhile, the main controller communicates with the electromagnetic valve at the outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle, the electromagnetic valve at the outlet of the liquid nitrogen bottle is opened, and low-temperature nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen bottle is rapidly filled into the electric box.

As a further scheme of the invention, the main controller is connected with the equipment controller and the equipment high voltage through electric signals, and the main controller is connected with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve through electric signals.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) by adopting the upper air inlet and lower air outlet structure, air and other gases in the electric box can be quickly discharged, and the PACK in the electric box can be in a safe environment as soon as possible.

(2) And the fuel cell supplies hydrogen to the hydrogen bottle to share a hydrogen source, so that an additional fire extinguishing device is not needed, the light weight of the vehicle is realized, the driving range of the vehicle is increased, and the cost is reduced.

(3) The low-purity hydrogen that the electronic box was built-in to be traded out through catch water, with hydrogen recovery reutilization, promotes hydrogen utilization ratio, saves the cost.

(4) But in the thermal runaway state of the battery, the stored low-temperature liquid nitrogen is started in an emergency, and is rapidly charged into the electric box, so that the temperature in the electric box is rapidly reduced to be below the ignition point of combustible substances and combustion-supporting gas is isolated, rapid fire extinguishment is realized, and the safety of the electric box and equipment is ensured.

(5) The low temperature liquid nitrogen simultaneously reduces battery PACK activity fast for power battery stops the power supply, and the main control unit of suppression device of putting out a fire cuts off whole car high pressure to whole car main control unit communication simultaneously, guarantees battery and equipment safety.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the apparatus of the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. a hydrogen gas cylinder of the whole vehicle; 2. a primary pressure reducing valve; 3. a secondary pressure reducing valve; 4. a steam-water separator; 5. a master electromagnetic valve; 6. a main controller; 7. a fuel cell; 8. an electromagnetic valve; 9. an electric box; 10. a hydrogen concentration sensor; 11. a smoke concentration sensor; 12. a VOC sensor; 13. a CO sensor; 14. a temperature sensor; 15. an oxygen concentration sensor; 16. a pressure sensor; 17. an electromagnetic valve 1; 18. a solenoid valve N; 19. a device controller; 20. high pressure of equipment; 21. an outlet electromagnetic valve of the liquid nitrogen bottle; 22. a liquid nitrogen bottle; 23. two-position three-way valve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the utility model provides a fuel cell car power battery case conflagration restraines and fire extinguishing apparatus, includes whole car hydrogen gas bottle 1, whole car hydrogen gas bottle 1 passes through one-level relief pressure valve 2, second grade relief pressure valve 3 and total solenoid valve 5, gets into solenoid valve 8 and fuel cell 7 respectively through the tee bend, and the tee bend gets into battery valve N18 and electronic box 9 all the way in addition, and the hydrogen of replacement comes out gets into catch water 4 through two three-way valve 23, separates out hydrogen, and the reentrant main line circulates.

And the whole vehicle hydrogen gas cylinder 1, the primary pressure reducing valve 2, the secondary pressure reducing valve 3 and the main electromagnetic valve 5 are communicated through gas paths.

The fuel cell 7 is communicated with the electromagnetic valve 8 through an air path, the two-position three-way valve 23 is communicated with the steam-water separator 4 through an air path, and enters a main pipeline to be communicated with the main electromagnetic valve 5 through an air path.

The electric box 9 is internally provided with a hydrogen concentration sensor 10, a smoke concentration sensor 11, a VOC sensor 12, a CO sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, an oxygen concentration sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16 from right to left in sequence, the main controller 6 comprehensively judges whether the electromagnetic valves 117 and the electromagnetic valves N18 connected with different electric boxes 9 are opened or not according to the comparison of the sensor measurement data and the parameters in the set logic, and hydrogen is filled into the corresponding electric boxes 9.

The number of the electric boxes 9 is two, the electric boxes are arranged on the left and the right, the electric boxes 9 are identical in structure, one of the electric boxes is communicated with the electromagnetic valve 117 through an air path, and the other electric box is communicated with the electromagnetic valve N18 through an air path.

The main controller 6 is electrically connected with the main pipeline through an electric signal.

The invention also provides a technical scheme that: a method for suppressing and extinguishing fire of a power battery box of a fuel battery car by using the equipment comprises the following steps: when the equipment works, the equipment and a hydrogen bottle of a fuel cell vehicle share a hydrogen source, hydrogen is used as replacement gas of air and other gases in the electric box 9, the gas in the electric box 9 is completely replaced, the purity of the hydrogen in the electric box 9 is ensured, the gas in the electric box 9 is replaced through an upper air inlet structure and a lower air outlet structure, pure hydrogen in the electric box 9 is contained between low-voltage and high-voltage electric elements, the ignition point of the electric elements is lifted to 400 ℃ along with the hydrogen, the ignition risk temperature of the electric box 9 is raised, when a sensor in the electric box 9 detects abnormal conditions in the electric box 9, a liquid nitrogen electromagnetic valve is started, low-temperature liquid nitrogen is rapidly filled into the electric box 9, the temperature in the electric box 9 is reduced to be below the ignition point of combustion-supporting combustible substances, the combustion-supporting gas is isolated, the activity of the battery is reduced, the power supply of the battery is stopped, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the whole vehicle, the high voltage of the whole vehicle is cut off, the safety of the battery and the equipment is ensured, the main controller 6 communicates with the electromagnetic valve, the main pipeline battery valve, the fuel cell air inlet battery valve and the fuel cell are closed to stop working, and the safety of the whole vehicle and the electric box 9 is ensured.

After a sensor in the electric box 9 detects a PACK thermal runaway state in the electric box 9, the main controller 6 can communicate with the master control valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 8, the electromagnetic valve 117 and the electromagnetic valve N18 to close the master control valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 8, the electromagnetic valve 117 and the electromagnetic valve N18, the fuel cell 7 stops working, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the two-position three-way valve 23, a channel communicated with the steam-water separator 4 is closed, an emptying channel is opened to empty the gas in the electric box 9, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the equipment controller 19, the equipment controller 19 closes the equipment high pressure 20, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve 21, the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve 21 is opened, and low-temperature nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen bottle 22 is rapidly filled into the electric box 9.

The main controller 6 is connected with the equipment controller 19 and the equipment high pressure 20 through electric signals, and the main controller 6 is connected with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve 21 through electric signals.

Example 1

A fire suppression and fire extinguishing device for a power battery box of a fuel battery car comprises a whole car hydrogen gas cylinder 1, wherein the whole car hydrogen gas cylinder 1 respectively enters an electromagnetic valve 8 and a fuel battery 7 through a primary pressure reducing valve 2, a secondary pressure reducing valve 3 and a master electromagnetic valve 5 through a tee joint, the other tee joint enters a battery valve N18 and an electric box 9, the displaced hydrogen enters a steam-water separator 4 through a two-position three-way valve 23, the hydrogen is separated out and then enters a main pipeline again for circulation, a hydrogen concentration sensor 10, a smoke concentration sensor 11, a VOC sensor 12, a CO sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, an oxygen concentration sensor 15 and a pressure sensor 16 are arranged in the electric box 9, a main controller 6 comprehensively judges whether an electromagnetic valve 117 and an electromagnetic valve N18 which are connected with different electric boxes 9 are opened or not according to the measured data of the sensors and the parameter comparison in set logic, the hydrogen is charged into the corresponding electric box 9, after the electric box 9 sensor detects the PACK thermal runaway state in the electric box 9, the main controller 6 can communicate with the master control valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 8, the electromagnetic valve 117 and the electromagnetic valve N18 to close the master control valve 5, the electromagnetic valve 8, the electromagnetic valve 117 and the electromagnetic valve N18, and the fuel cell 7 stops working, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the two-position three-way valve 23, communicates with the steam-water separator 4 to close, an emptying channel is opened to empty the gas in the electric box 9, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the equipment controller 19 to close the equipment high pressure 20, meanwhile, the main controller 6 communicates with the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve 21 to open the liquid nitrogen bottle outlet electromagnetic valve 21 to quickly fill low-temperature nitrogen gas in the electric box 9, so as to reduce the temperature in the electric box 9 and prevent the thermal runaway.

A method for suppressing and extinguishing fire of a power battery box of a fuel battery car by using the equipment comprises the following steps: when the equipment works, the hydrogen source is shared with a hydrogen cylinder of a fuel cell vehicle, no extra installation space of a fire extinguishing agent is needed to be added, the weight of the whole vehicle is greatly reduced, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, hydrogen is used as replacement gas of air and other gases in the electric box 9, the gas in the electric box 9 can be completely replaced according to the inherent physicochemical characteristics of the hydrogen, the purity of the hydrogen in the electric box 9 is ensured, the gas in the electric box 9 can be quickly and cleanly replaced through an upper gas inlet and lower gas exhaust structure, the gas replacement time is greatly shortened, valves for controlling the gas to enter do not need to work for a long time, the power consumption is greatly saved, the driving range of the vehicle is improved, the pure hydrogen in the electric box 9 is contained between low-voltage and high-voltage electric elements, the ignition point of the electric elements can be increased to 400 ℃ along with the hydrogen, the battery temperature of the conventional electric box 9 is less than or equal to 65 ℃ in the charging and discharging process, promote the electronic box 9 risk temperature that catches fire by a wide margin, when the sensor detects the unusual circumstances in the electronic box 9, start the liquid nitrogen solenoid valve, fill low temperature liquid nitrogen into electronic box 9 fast, drop the temperature in the electronic box 9 below the combustible substance ignition point rapidly, and isolated combustion-supporting gas, low temperature liquid nitrogen makes the battery activity reduce, the battery stops the power supply, main control unit 6 is to whole car communication simultaneously, whole car controller cuts off equipment high pressure, guarantee battery and equipment safety, the same reason, main control unit 6 is to the solenoid valve communication, close main pipeline battery valve, fuel cell battery valve and fuel cell stop work admit air, guarantee whole car and electronic box 9 safety.

In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.