阅读说明：本技术 一种防滑超耐磨瓷砖及其制备方法 (Antiskid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof ) 是由 南顺芝 况学成 刘荣和 徐鹏飞 吴康民 王润赞 于 2021-11-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及建筑陶瓷材料领域,具体公开了一种防滑超耐磨瓷砖及其制备方法,其中,包括陶瓷坯体、面釉层和耐磨釉层；其中,所述耐磨釉层平均分布有微雕孔；所述耐磨釉层由耐磨釉制成,所述耐磨釉的化学成分包括：Al-(2)O-(3)28.5～35%、SiO-(2)48～55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10～15%、K-(2)O+Na-(2)O≤2%、B-(2)O-(3)1.5～2.5%；所述耐磨釉的始熔温度为1160～1200℃,熔融温度为1700～1750℃。相应的,本发明还公开了防滑超耐磨瓷砖的制备方法。采用本发明,防滑性能优异且稳定,釉面装饰效果好且釉面耐磨性高,适用于大批量生产时,仍能保证产品质量的一致性。(The invention relates to the field of building ceramic materials, and particularly discloses an anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, wherein the anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises a ceramic blank, a surface glaze layer and a wear-resistant glaze layer; wherein, the wear-resistant glaze layer is evenly distributed with micro-carving holes; the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze comprise: al (Al) 2 O 3 28.5~35%、SiO 2 48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K 2 O+Na 2 O≤2%、B 2 O 3 1.5-2.5%; the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃. Correspondingly, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile. The invention has the advantages of excellent and stable anti-skid performance, good glaze decoration effect and high glaze wear resistance, and can still ensure the consistency of product quality when being suitable for mass production.)

1. An anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile is characterized by comprising a ceramic body, a surface glaze layer and a wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, the wear-resistant glaze layer is evenly distributed with micro-carving holes;

the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

2. The anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.93，MgO/CaO =1.6~2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0~2.5。

3. the non-slip super wear resistant ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein the wear resistant glaze has an onset temperature of 1160 to 1180 ℃ and a melting temperature of 1700 to 1720 ℃.

4. The anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 1, wherein 65000 to 75000 micro-engraved holes with a depth of 0.1 to 0.13mm and a diameter of 0.1 to 1.2 mm are uniformly distributed per square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

5. The preparation method of the anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

(2) carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by screen printing the wear-resistant glaze for multiple times, and forming a plurality of micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

(7) firing the blank body with a plurality of micro-engraved holes;

(8) polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module to obtain a finished product;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

6. The preparation method of the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.93，MgO/CaO =1.6~2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0~2.5；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1180 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1720 ℃.

7. The method for preparing the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the step (6) comprises the following steps:

arranging a screen plate above the surface of the blank body printed with the patterns, wherein the screen plate is provided with a plurality of through meshes;

distributing wear-resistant glaze on the screen printing plate, wherein the wear-resistant glaze is dripped to the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed through the meshes to form a dripping glaze layer;

repeatedly dropping glaze for many times by using a screen printing plate with a plurality of meshes with different apertures to form a plurality of glaze dropping layers on the surface of the blank body, overlapping the glaze dropping layers, and forming a plurality of micro-carving holes on the surface of the blank body to obtain a wear-resistant glaze layer;

65000-75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

8. The preparation method of the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the firing temperature of the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile is 1205-1230 ℃, the firing period is 55-130 minutes, and the maximum temperature holding time is 6-18 minutes.

9. The preparation method of the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the polishing module is a carborundum abrasive material elastic module with 1000-2000 meshes, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3200-3800 r/min, and the polishing depth is controlled to be 0.25-0.3 mm.

10. The method for preparing the anti-slip super wear-resistant tile according to claim 5, wherein the wear-resistant rotation number of the anti-slip super wear-resistant tile is 4000-.

11. The method for preparing the anti-slip super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 5, wherein the glaze slip moisture of the wear-resistant glaze is 30-50%, the glaze fineness is 325 mesh sieve residue<0.5%, the flow rate of glaze slip is 14-15s, and the density of glaze slip is 1.58-1.60 g/cm³；

The glaze slip water content of the overglaze is 25-40%, the glaze fineness is 0.6-0.8% of the screen residue with 325 meshes, the glaze slip flow rate is 60-80s, and the glaze slip density is 1.90-1.92 g/cm³；

The printing pattern is printed on the surface of the blank by ink-jet printing, roller printing or silk-screen printing, the fineness of the selected ink is 600-1000 nm, and the viscosity is 18-21 cP.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building ceramic materials, in particular to an anti-skidding super-wear-resistant ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof.

Background

The building ceramic tile industry plays a very important role in national economy in China. The ceramic tile which is sold on the market at present and accounts for a relatively high percentage is a glazed tile, the glazed tile is a special formula glaze which can carry out a polishing procedure on the glaze surface, the glazed tile is a last glaze applied to an antique tile, and is generally a transparent overglaze or a transparent convex fancy glaze, and as the surface of the glazed tile applied to the glazed tile is a thin layer of glaze, the surface is smooth, the hardness and density of the porcelain are not high enough, and the defects are as follows: 1. the utility model is easy to slip when meeting water, which can cause potential safety hazard problems such as falling, tumble injury and the like; 2. the surface is smooth but not wear-resistant, and when the coating is used by being paved on the ground, the coating is easy to scrape due to insufficient wear resistance, so that the decoration effect is seriously influenced; 3. limited by the firing process, single pattern and texture and not wide enough application style; 4. the surface needs to be polished with antifouling wax, and wax is removed when the surface is paved, so that the construction progress is reduced.

Publication No. CN112694344A discloses a preparation method of a micro-carving super-wear-resistant diamond glazed ceramic tile, which can greatly improve the anti-skid property of the ceramic tile, has high glaze wear resistance and obtains good glaze decoration effect. However, CN112694344A micro-engraved super wear-resistant diamond glaze ceramic tile adopts silk screens with different apertures, different wire diameters and different thicknesses, and performs at least twice silk screen overprinting technology to form micro-engraved holes in the glaze. The aperture and the number of the micro-carving holes are difficult to control and reach the ideal aperture and number, so that the product quality such as the antiskid property of the product fluctuates, and the high-grade product rate of the product is generally 65-70%.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile which is excellent and stable in anti-skid performance, good in glaze decoration effect and high in glaze wear resistance, and can still ensure the consistency of product quality when being suitable for mass production.

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the preparation method of the anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile, which has the advantages of simple process, strong practicability, effective control of product quality and guarantee of the finished product rate.

In order to achieve the technical effect, the invention provides an anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile which comprises a ceramic blank, a surface glaze layer and a wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, the wear-resistant glaze layer is evenly distributed with micro-carving holes;

the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

As an improvement of the scheme, the chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze comprise the following components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.93，MgO/CaO =1.6~2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0~2.5。

As an improvement of the scheme, the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1180 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1720 ℃.

As an improvement of the scheme, 65000-75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

Correspondingly, the invention also provides a preparation method of the antiskid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:

(1) respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

(2) carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by screen printing the wear-resistant glaze for multiple times, and forming a plurality of micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

(7) firing the blank body with a plurality of micro-engraved holes;

(8) polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module to obtain a finished product;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

As an improvement of the scheme, the chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze comprise the following components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.93，MgO/CaO =1.6~2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0~2.5；

The initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1180 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1720 ℃.

As a modification of the above scheme, the step (6) comprises:

arranging a screen plate above the surface of the blank body printed with the patterns, wherein the screen plate is provided with a plurality of through meshes;

distributing wear-resistant glaze on the screen printing plate, wherein the wear-resistant glaze is dripped to the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed through the meshes to form a dripping glaze layer;

repeatedly dropping glaze for many times by using a screen printing plate with a plurality of meshes with different apertures to form a plurality of glaze dropping layers on the surface of the blank body, overlapping the glaze dropping layers, and forming a plurality of micro-carving holes on the surface of the blank body to obtain a wear-resistant glaze layer;

65000-75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

As an improvement of the scheme, the firing temperature of the antiskid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile is 1205-1230 ℃, the firing period is 55-130 minutes, and the maximum temperature heat preservation time is 6-18 minutes.

As an improvement of the scheme, the polishing module adopts a carborundum abrasive material elastic module with 1000-2000 meshes, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3200-3800 r/min, and the polishing depth is controlled to be 0.25-0.3 mm.

As an improvement of the scheme, the wear-resistant revolution number of the anti-skid super wear-resistant ceramic tile is 4000-8000 revolutions, and the anti-skid inclination angle is 15-20 degrees.

As an improvement of the scheme, the glaze slip water content of the wear-resistant glaze is 30-50%, and the glaze fineness is 325 meshes of residual<0.5%, the flow rate of glaze slip is 14-15s, and the density of glaze slip is 1.58-1.60 g/cm³；

The glaze slip water content of the overglaze is 25-40%, the glaze fineness is 0.6-0.8% of the screen residue with 325 meshes, the glaze slip flow rate is 60-80s, and the glaze slip density is 1.90-1.92 g/cm³；

The printing pattern is printed on the surface of the blank by ink-jet printing, roller printing or silk-screen printing, the fineness of the selected ink is 600-1000 nm, and the viscosity is 18-21 cP.

The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

in the building ceramic industry, as the highest service temperature of the existing frit furnaces is generally less than 1600 ℃, the initial melting temperature and the melting temperature of the frits are low. Therefore, during the high-temperature firing process, the micro-engraved holes are melted and filled due to the melting of the glaze, the aperture and the number of the micro-engraved holes cannot be accurately controlled, and the product quality is greatly fluctuated.

According to the anti-skidding and super-wear-resistant ceramic tile, the melting temperature is increased to 1700 ℃ and the initial melting temperature is increased to 1160-1200 ℃ by optimizing the chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze, so that micro-carving holes are prevented from being melted and filled in the forming process, the aperture and the number of the micro-carving holes are further accurately controlled, and the stability and the consistency of the product quality are guaranteed. In addition, the firing process and the polishing method are matched, the aperture, the depth and the number of the micro-carving holes in the glaze are further accurately controlled, and 65000-75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the surface glaze layer.

Therefore, the invention achieves the purpose of accurately controlling the number and the aperture of the micro-carving holes, the prepared finished product has excellent and stable antiskid performance, good glaze decoration effect and high glaze wear resistance, can still ensure the consistency of product quality when being suitable for mass production, and the high-grade product rate of the product is improved to 98-99 percent from the original 65-70 percent.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the antiskid super wear-resistant ceramic tile.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The invention provides an anti-skid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile which comprises a ceramic blank, a surface glaze layer and a wear-resistant glaze layer; wherein, the wear-resistant glaze layer is evenly distributed with micro-carving holes;

the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%；

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

Preferably, the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃28.5~35%、SiO₂48~55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O≤2%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.93，MgO/CaO =1.6~2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0~2.5。

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1200 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1750 ℃.

Preferably, the wear-resistant glaze layer is made of wear-resistant glaze, and the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight:

Al₂O₃ 28.5~33%、SiO₂48~53%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO 10~15%、K₂O+Na₂O 0.5~1.5%、B₂O₃ 1.5~2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.7~1.86，MgO/CaO=1.7~1.95，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0~1.35，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.10~2.45。

the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is 1160-1180 ℃, and the melting temperature is 1700-1720 ℃.

The glaze is gradually melted in a certain temperature range, and the melting temperature is divided into an upper limit and a lower limit. The lower limit of the melting temperature is the softening point of the glaze and is conventionally referred to as the onset temperature of the glaze. The upper melting temperature limit is the temperature at which complete melting occurs, also known as the flow temperature.

It should be noted that the chemical composition of the wear-resistant glaze also includes a trace amount of unavoidable impurities, such as, but not limited to, 0.01 to 0.5% titanium oxide, and 0.01 to 0.5% iron oxide.

The invention increases Al in the wear-resistant glaze₂O₃The content is 28.5-35%, the total content of alkali metal oxide is reduced to be less than or equal to 2%, B is added₂O₃ 1.5-2.5%, while limiting SiO₂/Al₂The ratio of O, MgO/CaO, ZnO/(BaO + SrO), (CaO + MgO + ZnO)/(BaO + SrO) is increased to 1700 ℃ and the initial melting temperature is increased to 1160-1200 ℃. The invention can realize the accurate control of the high initial melting point, in the firing process at the firing temperature of 1205-1230 ℃, the glaze is just melted but not completely melted, the wear-resistant glaze is just softened and deformed at the moment and is uniformly distributed on the surface of the blank body, a glass state thin layer can be formed on the surface of the blank body,guarantee that the micro-carving hole is not fused and filled, and then the aperture and the quantity of accurate control micro-carving hole guarantee product quality's stability and uniformity.

The chemical composition of the wear-resistant glaze has an important influence on the melting property, and the melting temperature of the glaze is dependent on Al₂O₃And SiO₂Increased by increasing the content of Al in the invention₂O₃And SiO₂High content of (b) easily causes too high melting temperature.

When Al is present₂O₃ +SiO₂When the total amount and the proportion are fixed, the proportion of MgO/CaO, ZnO/(BaO + SrO), (CaO + MgO + ZnO)/(BaO + SrO) is controlled to be within the proportion range, so that the melting temperature of the glaze can be reduced, the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze is controlled to be 1160-1180 ℃, the melting temperature is controlled to be 1700-1720 ℃, and meanwhile, the hardness, the wear resistance and the transparency of the glaze are obviously improved. When the glaze components deviate from the composition range, on one hand, the melting temperature of the glaze is too high, the transparency of the glaze is low, even the green burning phenomenon occurs, and meanwhile, the hardness, the wear resistance and the transparency of the glaze are obviously reduced.

This is mainly because of Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Ba²⁺、Zn²⁺、Sr²⁺In ions, their ionic radius, electronegativity and metal oxygen bond can significantly affect whether M-O cleavage or O-Si cleavage in the metal M-O-Si bond. In general, the metal ion M²⁺The smaller the ionic radius, the larger the electronegativity and the stronger the bond energy, the more beneficial to contending for oxygen in O-Si and Al-O bonds, so that the O-Si and Al-O bonds are broken, and the low eutectic temperature of the glaze is obviously reduced. Due to Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、Ba²⁺、Zn²⁺、Sr²⁺The ionic radii of (a) and (b) are respectively: 0.1nm, 0.072nm, 0.135nm, 0.074nm and 0.118 nm. R_Mg2+/ R_Ca2+=0.72，R_Zn2+ /R_{（Ba2++Sr2+）}=0.29，R_{（Ca2++Mg2++Zn2+）}/R_{（Ba2++Sr2+）}= 0.97. Therefore, the content of the metal oxide with smaller metal ion radius is properly increased, which is beneficial to finding a eutectic point with lower temperature.

Further, bases and alkalineThe earth metal oxide is used as a flux to reduce the melting temperature of the glaze, wherein K₂O and Na₂O can play a role in fluxing at low temperature, and MgO and ZnO play a role in fluxing at high temperature. Existing glaze Al₂O₃The content is generally less than 28 percent, and the invention increases Al in the wear-resistant glaze₂O₃28.5% -35% of SiO₂The content is limited to 48-55%, so that the melting temperature of the glaze can be increased. In addition, the fluxing action at low temperature is controlled by reducing the total content of alkali metal oxides to be less than or equal to 2 percent, and the fluxing action at high temperature is controlled by adjusting CaO, MgO and ZnO. Therefore, the invention adjusts the acidity coefficient by balancing the relationship among the components, so that the melting temperature of the glaze is increased to 1700 ℃, and the initial melting temperature is increased to 1160-1200 ℃.

By adopting the wear-resistant glaze, in the firing process at the firing temperature of 1205-1230 ℃, the glaze is just melted but not completely melted, the wear-resistant glaze is just softened and deformed at the moment, and is uniformly distributed on the surface of a blank to form a glass state thin layer on the surface of the blank, so that the surface performance of the ceramic product is effectively improved, the surface of the product is smooth, and the product is impermeable to liquid and gas and is not easy to stain. Also, the mechanical strength, electrical properties, chemical stability and thermal stability of the article can be improved. Above all, can be at the in-process that the wear-resisting glaze of many times screen printing formed the glaze layer of dripping, guarantee the shaping in micro-carving hole for the micro-carving hole is not fused and is filled, guarantees that the ceramic tile product has excellent wear resistance, and the aperture and the quantity in accurate control micro-carving hole guarantee ceramic tile product quality's stability and uniformity.

On the other hand, the fineness of the glaze also has a partial effect on the melting temperature of the glaze. Preferably, the glaze fineness of the wear-resistant glaze is less than 0.5 percent after being screened by a 325-mesh sieve, and the melting temperature and the initial melting temperature of the glaze can be better adjusted by cooperating with the formula. The finer the glaze is ground, the lower both the onset and melting temperatures should be.

Preferably, the water content of the glaze slip of the wear-resistant glaze is 33-50%, the flow rate of the glaze slip is 15-40 s, and the density of the glaze slip is 1.68-1.85 g/cm³Can be spread on the surface of the blank body to form a smooth high-quality glaze surface, and avoids the occurrence of flowing glaze, stacked glaze, orange glaze and needlesEye and glaze surface is not smooth, and luster is not good.

Furthermore, the firing temperature of the antiskid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile is preferably 1205-1230 ℃, the firing period is preferably 55-130 minutes, and the maximum temperature heat preservation time is preferably 6-18 minutes. According to the invention, the ceramic tile is matched with the wear-resistant glaze by controlling the firing temperature, the firing period and the heat preservation time of the ceramic tile, so that the aperture, the depth and the number of micro-carved holes in the glaze can be accurately controlled in the high-temperature firing process, and 65000-75000 micro-carved holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer. Preferably, 65000 to 75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1 to 0.13mm and the diameter of 0.1 to 0.7 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer. More preferably, 65000 to 75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1 to 0.13mm and the diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 mm are uniformly distributed on each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

The firing temperature can affect the aperture, depth and number of the micro-sculptures in the glaze. The higher the firing temperature is, the lower the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze is, the collapse of micro-carving holes is realized, the pore diameter is smaller and smaller, the pore depth is shallower and the number of pores is smaller and smaller. All disappear when reaching a certain temperature. The firing temperature is preferably controlled to be 1205-1230 ℃. If the firing temperature is less than 1205 ℃, on the one hand, the green glaze is easy to be fired, and on the other hand, the micro-engraved holes are too thin, too deep and too much, and dirt is difficult to enter the holes and thus the antifouling property of the glaze is deteriorated. If the firing temperature is more than 1230 ℃, on one hand, the green glaze is easy to over-fire, the over-firing causes the green body to expand bubbles, and the micro-engraved holes of the glaze surface are too coarse, too shallow and too few, thereby causing the anti-skid performance of the glaze surface to be poor.

Similarly, the firing period and the heat preservation time are preferably 55-130 minutes and 6-18 minutes respectively. Too short a firing period and holding time will produce the same effect as too low a firing temperature. Too long firing period and holding time will produce the same effect as too high firing temperature. And will not be repeated here.

Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 1, the invention also provides a preparation method of the anti-skid super wear-resistant ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:

s101, ball-milling raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer respectively to obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

the chemical components of the wear-resistant glaze are selected as described above, and are not described in detail herein.

The blank is made of the existing ceramic blank. As an alternative blank, comprising: a93 ball clay, chosen potash feldspar, high-white potash sand, high-white plaster, high-white sodalite, etc.

The blank comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: SiO 2₂55~70%、Al₂O₃15~30%、Fe₂O₃0.1~2%、CaO0.1~2%、MgO 0.1~3%、Na₂O 1~5%、K₂0.5-3% of O and the balance of ignition loss.

The surface glaze layer is made of the existing glaze.

S102, carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

preferably, the moisture content of the green powder after spray granulation is 6.8 to 7.2%, but is not limited thereto.

S103, pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

the drying process parameters were as follows: the highest drying temperature is 200-230 ℃, the drying time is 80-120 minutes, the surface temperature of the green brick is 100-105 ℃, and the moisture after drying is 0.20-0.43%.

S104, applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried blank;

the glaze slip water content of the overglaze is 25-40%, the glaze fineness is 0.6-0.8% of the screen residue with 325 meshes, the glaze slip flow rate is 60-80s, and the glaze slip density is 1.90-1.92 g/cm³。

The glazing method of the overglaze can adopt bell-type pouring glaze, and the glazing amount (800 × 800mm specification) is 300-.

S105, decorating the surface of the glazed blank to form a printing pattern;

and decorating the surface of the glazed blank by one or more of ink-jet printing, roller printing and screen printing to form a printing pattern. The selected ink preferably has a fineness of 600-1000 nm and viscosity of 18-21 cP, but is not limited thereto.

And S106, forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed by screen printing the wear-resistant glaze for multiple times, and forming a plurality of micro-carving holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer.

Specifically, step S106 includes:

arranging a screen plate above the surface of the blank body printed with the patterns, wherein the screen plate is provided with a plurality of through meshes;

distributing wear-resistant glaze on the screen printing plate, wherein the wear-resistant glaze is dripped to the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed through the meshes to form a dripping glaze layer;

repeatedly dropping glaze for many times by using a screen printing plate with a plurality of meshes with different apertures to form a plurality of glaze dropping layers on the surface of the blank body, overlapping the glaze dropping layers, and forming a plurality of micro-carving holes on the surface of the blank body to obtain a wear-resistant glaze layer;

65000-75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

Preferably, step S106 can be implemented by stacking mesh layers with different wire diameters of 75-105 μm and different wire diameters of 170-215 μm. The number of repeated glaze dropping is generally 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 6, and more preferably 4 to 5.

Preferably, a glaze dropping layer is formed on the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed by 5-time silk-screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, a plurality of micro-engraved holes are formed on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layer, and the wear-resistant glaze layer is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

a. the line diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 75-85 micrometers, the aperture is 170-175 micrometers, the thickness of the single screen is 145-150 micrometers, the glaze is dripped towards the surface of the formed brick through the aperture of 170-175 micrometers, the dripping of the glaze needs to be strictly controlled, the glaze cannot be too deep, dirt and dirt are easily stored in the too deep place, the glaze cannot be too shallow, and a micro-concave state cannot be formed, and a micro-concave rudiment is formed through a shaping device after the dripping is completed and is a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 80-90 mu m, the aperture is 175-185 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 155-165 mu m, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 176-185 mu m again through a material distribution device, and the surface of the first layer of micro-carving is superposed and printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90-95 mu m, the aperture is 185-195 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 165-175 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 185-195 mu m, the surface of the second layer of micro-carving is overlaid again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 90-95 mu m, the aperture is 200-205 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180-185 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200-205 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is printed and shaped;

e. and glazing the surface of the screen with the aperture of 205-215 microns on the surface of the screen with the aperture of 205-215 microns, which is the final lamination shaft superposition and is the fifth layer micro-carving, wherein the wire diameter of the fifth layer screen is 95-105 microns, the aperture is 205-215 microns, and the single-time screen thickness is 190-195 microns. The glaze material is accurately dripped to the brick surface through the aperture of the screen plate with consistent density, and forms a micro-carving concave-vision effect with inconsistent layers, uniform dislocation and 0.1-0.13 mm depth with four layers of micro-carving tightly superposed in front. If the depth of the micro-carving hole is less than 0.1mm, the micro-carving effect is not obvious, and if the depth of the micro-carving hole is more than 0.13mm, dirt is easily stored and taken away.

Preferably, a glaze dropping layer is formed on the surface of the blank body after the pattern is printed by 5 times of screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, a plurality of micro-engraved holes are formed on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layer, and the wear-resistant glaze layer is obtained, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

a. the line diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 80 microns, the aperture is 170 microns, the thickness of the single screen is 150 microns, the glaze is dripped on the surface of the formed brick through the aperture of 170 microns, the dripping of the glaze is strictly controlled, the glaze cannot be too deep, dirt and dirt are easily stored in the glaze cannot be too deep, the glaze cannot be too shallow, a micro-concave state cannot be formed, and a micro-concave prototype is formed through a shaping device after the dripping is finished and is a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 85 micrometers, the aperture is 180 micrometers, the single-time screen thickness is 160 micrometers, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 180 micrometers again through a material distribution device, and the second layer of screen plate is superposed on the surface of the first layer of micro-carving and is printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90 mu m, the aperture is 190 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 170 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 190 mu m, the screen plate is superposed on the surface of the second layer of micro-carving again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 95 mu m, the aperture is 200 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is formed by printing and shaping;

e. and glazing the fifth layer of screen plate with the wire diameter of 100 mu m, the aperture of 212 mu m and the single-time screen thickness of 190 mu m on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 212 mu m, namely the final lamination shaft superposition, which is the fifth layer of micro-carving. The glaze material is accurately dripped to the brick surface through the aperture of the screen plate with consistent density, and forms a micro-carving concave-vision effect with inconsistent layers, uniform dislocation and 0.1-0.13 mm depth with four layers of micro-carving tightly superposed in front. If the depth of the micro-carving hole is less than 0.1mm, the micro-carving effect is not obvious, and if the depth of the micro-carving hole is more than 0.13mm, dirt is easily stored and taken away.

It should be noted that the present invention can design the number, aperture and depth of the micro-engraving holes according to the performance requirement of the tile, and further adjust the aperture, line diameter and screen thickness of the glaze dropping screen, and the number of screen printing, and the implementation manner is not limited to the illustrated embodiment of the present invention.

Preferably, the water content of the glaze slip of the wear-resistant glaze is 30-50%, the flow rate of the glaze slip is 14-15s, and the density of the glaze slip is 1.58-1.60 g/cm³The glaze can be spread on the surface of the blank to form a smooth high-quality glaze surface, and the defects of unsmooth glaze, poor gloss and the like of flowing glaze, stacked glaze, orange glaze, needle holes and the glaze surface are avoided.

S107, sintering the blank body with the plurality of micro-engraved holes;

the firing temperature of the antiskid super-wear-resistant ceramic tile is preferably 1205-1230 ℃, the firing period is preferably 55-130 minutes, and the maximum temperature heat preservation time is preferably 6-18 minutes. According to the invention, the ceramic tile is matched with the wear-resistant glaze by controlling the firing temperature, the firing period and the heat preservation time of the ceramic tile, so that the aperture, the depth and the number of micro-carved holes in the glaze can be accurately controlled in the high-temperature firing process, and 65000-75000 micro-carved holes with the depth of 0.1-0.13 mm and the diameter of 0.1-1.2 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer. Preferably, 65000 to 75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1 to 0.13mm and the diameter of 0.1 to 0.7 mm are uniformly distributed in each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer. More preferably, 65000 to 75000 micro-carving holes with the depth of 0.1 to 0.13mm and the diameter of 0.3 to 0.7 mm are uniformly distributed on each square meter of the wear-resistant glaze layer.

The firing temperature can affect the aperture, depth and number of the micro-sculptures in the glaze. The higher the firing temperature is, the lower the high-temperature viscosity of the glaze is, the collapse of micro-carving holes is realized, the pore diameter is smaller and smaller, the pore depth is shallower and the number of pores is smaller and smaller. All disappear when reaching a certain temperature. The firing temperature is preferably controlled to be 1205-1230 ℃. If the firing temperature is less than 1205 ℃, on the one hand, the green glaze is easy to be fired, and on the other hand, the micro-engraved holes are too thin, too deep and too much, and dirt is difficult to enter the holes and thus the antifouling property of the glaze is deteriorated. If the firing temperature is more than 1230 ℃, on one hand, the green glaze is easy to over-fire, the over-firing causes the green body to expand bubbles, and the micro-engraved holes of the glaze surface are too coarse, too shallow and too few, thereby causing the anti-skid performance of the glaze surface to be poor.

Similarly, the firing period and the heat preservation time are preferably 55-130 minutes and 6-18 minutes respectively. Too short a firing period and holding time will produce the same effect as too low a firing temperature. Too long firing period and holding time will produce the same effect as too high firing temperature. And will not be repeated here.

S108, polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module to obtain a finished product;

the current common polishing process comprises the following steps: a 300-400 mesh silicon carbide hard grinding block; scraping by a scraper; the grinding disc speed is 600-700 revolutions per minute.

The polishing module adopts a carborundum abrasive material elastic module with 1000-2000 meshes, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3200-3800 rpm, and the polishing depth is controlled to be 0.25-0.3 mm. The invention adopts the superfine diamond elastic grinding block to replace a hard grinding block, accelerates the polishing speed, abolishes the strickling process and the like to control the polishing depth. By controlling the technological parameters such as sintering and polishing depth, the method is beneficial to accurately controlling the aperture, depth and number of the micro-carving holes in the glaze. Preferably, the polishing module adopts a 1300-1600-mesh carborundum abrasive material elastic module, the rotating speed is controlled to be 3300-3500 rpm, and the polishing depth is controlled to be 0.27-0.28 mm.

In conclusion, the wear-resistant glaze with a high initial melting point is developed, so that the problems that the skid resistance and the wear resistance of ceramic tile products such as glazed tiles and the like cannot be considered at the same time with the patterns and textures on the surface are effectively solved. The method breaks through the limitation of the traditional firing process, adopts the micro-carving process, and strictly controls the density of micro-carving lines by overlapping the screen plates with different apertures layer by layer to form micro-pits on the surface of the ceramic tile; the color layering of the surface of the tile is lifted by adopting a multi-channel superposition process technology and fine adjustment of a silk screen according to the color tone, the offset or deviation of a printing machine is accurately and intelligently controlled within 0.1mm, the micro-carving concave-looking effect is realized, and meanwhile, the surface of the tile can have the common lines and fine texture of natural stone.

65000-75000 micro-carving holes are formed on the surface of the wear-resistant glaze layer, a negative pressure principle is perfectly combined, a bionic pit is formed on the surface of the ceramic tile, four feet and the wall surface generate vacuum adsorption when a wall is climbed like a gecko, the wall is firmly and freely sucked by utilizing pressure difference, and therefore the anti-skidding effect of the ceramic tile is achieved. Good antiskid effect and an antiskid inclination angle of 15-20 degrees.

65000-75000 micro-carving holes are formed on the surface of the wear-resistant glaze layer formed by the method, and the wear resistance of the prepared ceramic tile reaches 4 grades and 2100-8000 revolutions, preferably 4 grades and 4000-8000 revolutions.

The invention realizes the four-in-one of micro-carving, anti-skidding, antifouling and wear-resisting of the glazed tile, unifies and balances, enables one glazed tile to simultaneously achieve the multifunctional effects of micro-carving, anti-skidding, antifouling and wear-resisting, and also has good decoration effect.

The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples

Example 1

(1) Respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃28.5%、SiO₂55%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=12%、K₂O+Na₂O=2%、B₂O₃ 2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.93、MgO/CaO=1.6，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.0，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.0；

(2) Carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by 5-time screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, and forming 65000-75000 micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, 5 screen printing include:

a. the wire diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 80 mu m, the aperture is 170 mu m, the thickness of the single screen is 150 mu m, and the glaze is dripped on the surface of the brick molded in the aperture direction of 170 mu m to form a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 85 micrometers, the aperture is 180 micrometers, the single-time screen thickness is 160 micrometers, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 180 micrometers again through a material distribution device, and the second layer of screen plate is superposed on the surface of the first layer of micro-carving and is printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90 mu m, the aperture is 190 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 170 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 190 mu m, the screen plate is superposed on the surface of the second layer of micro-carving again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 95 mu m, the aperture is 200 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is formed by printing and shaping;

e. the wire diameter of the fifth layer screen is 100 mu m, the aperture is 212 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 190 mu m, and the fifth layer micro-carving is formed by glazing on the surface of the screen with the aperture of 212 mu m.

(7) And sintering the blank with the plurality of micro-carved holes, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1205 ℃, the firing period is: 70 minutes, and the highest temperature heat preservation time is as follows: 10 minutes;

(8) and polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module, wherein the polishing module adopts a 1300-mesh carborundum abrasive material elastic thin module, the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled at 3500 rpm, and the polishing depth is controlled at 0.27mm to obtain a finished product.

Example 2

(1) Respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃29%、SiO₂54%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO =13%、K₂O+Na₂O=2%、B₂O₃ 2.0%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.86、MgO/CaO =1.8，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.2，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.3；

(2) Carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by 5-time screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, and forming 65000-75000 micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, 5 screen printing include:

a. the wire diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 80 mu m, the aperture is 170 mu m, the thickness of the single screen is 150 mu m, and the glaze is dripped on the surface of the brick molded in the aperture direction of 170 mu m to form a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 85 micrometers, the aperture is 180 micrometers, the single-time screen thickness is 160 micrometers, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 180 micrometers again through a material distribution device, and the second layer of screen plate is superposed on the surface of the first layer of micro-carving and is printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90 mu m, the aperture is 190 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 170 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 190 mu m, the screen plate is superposed on the surface of the second layer of micro-carving again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 95 mu m, the aperture is 200 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is formed by printing and shaping;

e. the wire diameter of the fifth layer screen is 100 mu m, the aperture is 212 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 190 mu m, and the fifth layer micro-carving is formed by glazing on the surface of the screen with the aperture of 212 mu m.

(7) And sintering the blank with the plurality of micro-carved holes, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1205 ℃, the firing period is: 80 minutes, and the highest temperature heat preservation time is as follows: 12 minutes;

(8) and polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module, wherein the polishing module adopts an 1100-mesh carborundum abrasive material elastic thin module, the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled at 3300 r/min, and the polishing depth is controlled at 0.28mm to obtain a finished product.

Example 3

(1) Respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃29.5%、SiO₂51%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO=15%、K₂O+Na₂O=2%、B₂O₃2.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.73、MgO/CaO =1.7，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.1；

(2) Carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by 5-time screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, and forming 65000-75000 micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, 5 screen printing include:

a. the wire diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 80 mu m, the aperture is 170 mu m, the thickness of the single screen is 150 mu m, and the glaze is dripped on the surface of the brick molded in the aperture direction of 170 mu m to form a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 85 micrometers, the aperture is 180 micrometers, the single-time screen thickness is 160 micrometers, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 180 micrometers again through a material distribution device, and the second layer of screen plate is superposed on the surface of the first layer of micro-carving and is printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90 mu m, the aperture is 190 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 170 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 190 mu m, the screen plate is superposed on the surface of the second layer of micro-carving again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 95 mu m, the aperture is 200 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is formed by printing and shaping;

e. the wire diameter of the fifth layer screen is 100 mu m, the aperture is 212 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 190 mu m, and the fifth layer micro-carving is formed by glazing on the surface of the screen with the aperture of 212 mu m.

(7) And sintering the blank with the plurality of micro-carved holes, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1215 ℃, the firing period is: 90 minutes, and the highest temperature heat preservation time is as follows: 10 minutes;

(8) and polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module, wherein the polishing module adopts a 1600-mesh carborundum abrasive material elastic thin module, the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled at 3600 r/min, and the polishing depth is controlled at 0.32mm to obtain a finished product.

Example 4

(1) Respectively ball-milling the raw materials of the blank, the overglaze layer and the wear-resistant glaze layer to respectively obtain blank slurry, overglaze and wear-resistant glaze;

the wear-resistant glaze comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: al (Al)₂O₃30%、SiO₂52%、CaO+MgO+ZnO+BaO+SrO =15%、K₂O+Na₂O=1.5%、B₂O₃ 1.5%、SiO₂/Al₂O₃=1.73、MgO/CaO =2.0，ZnO /（BaO+SrO）=1.5，（CaO+MgO+ZnO）/（BaO+SrO）=2.5；

(2) Carrying out spray granulation on the blank slurry to obtain blank powder;

(3) pressing and molding the blank powder, and drying to obtain a blank;

(4) applying a cover glaze on the surface of the dried green body;

(5) decorating the surface of the glazed green body to form a printing pattern;

(6) forming a glaze dropping layer on the surface of the blank body printed with the pattern by 5-time screen printing of the wear-resistant glaze, and forming 65000-75000 micro-engraved holes on the surface of the blank body by utilizing the mutual superposition of the glaze dropping layers to obtain the wear-resistant glaze layer;

wherein, 5 screen printing include:

a. the wire diameter of the first layer of screen plate is 80 mu m, the aperture is 170 mu m, the thickness of the single screen is 150 mu m, and the glaze is dripped on the surface of the brick molded in the aperture direction of 170 mu m to form a first layer of micro-carving;

b. the wire diameter of the second layer of screen plate is 85 micrometers, the aperture is 180 micrometers, the single-time screen thickness is 160 micrometers, the glaze is applied to the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 180 micrometers again through a material distribution device, and the second layer of screen plate is superposed on the surface of the first layer of micro-carving and is printed and shaped to form a second layer of micro-carving;

c. the wire diameter of the third layer of screen plate is 90 mu m, the aperture is 190 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 170 mu m, glazing is carried out on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 190 mu m, the screen plate is superposed on the surface of the second layer of micro-carving again, and printing and shaping are carried out to obtain a third layer of micro-carving;

d. the wire diameter of the fourth layer of screen plate is 95 mu m, the aperture is 200 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 180 mu m, the same glaze is still applied on the surface of the screen plate with the aperture of 200 mu m, the superposition operation is repeated, the glaze naturally scatters on the surface of the third layer of micro-carving, and the fourth layer of micro-carving is formed by printing and shaping;

e. the wire diameter of the fifth layer screen is 100 mu m, the aperture is 212 mu m, the single-time screen thickness is 190 mu m, and the fifth layer micro-carving is formed by glazing on the surface of the screen with the aperture of 212 mu m.

(7) And sintering the blank with the plurality of micro-carved holes, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1205 ℃, the firing period is: 65 minutes, and the highest temperature heat preservation time is as follows: 11, 11 clocks;

(8) and polishing the sintered blank by an elastic polishing module, wherein the polishing module adopts a 1300-mesh carborundum abrasive material elastic thin module, the rotating speed of a grinding disc is controlled at 3800 r/min, and the polishing depth is controlled at 0.28mm to obtain a finished product.

The technical tests of examples 1-4 were carried out as follows:

the initial melting temperature and the melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze are as follows:

(1) the onset and melting temperatures of the glaze were measured by high temperature microscopy.

The test method comprises making ground glaze into 2mm x 3mm pattern, observing with high temperature microscope, and heating to round corner as initial melting temperature; the temperature when softening is hemispherical with the plane of the pan is the melting temperature.

(2) The test results of the initial melting temperature and the melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze are shown in the following table 1:

secondly, performance parameters of the ceramic tile are as follows:

(1) method for testing anti-skid performance and wear resistance of ceramic tile

A. The anti-skid performance test method comprises the following steps: the following table (in the dry state) refers to the method for classifying the types of anti-slip defined in German Standard DIN 51130: 2010. German industry Standard BGR 181 and 2004 The standard for slip prediction on request and hardwood floor in working area adopted The test method and classification method of DIN 51130.

The method comprises the following steps: this method measures the dynamic critical angle. The test person in the upright state walks back and forth on the experimental board of the ceramic floor tile coated with the engine oil by wearing the special shoe, and the experimental class gradually inclines from the horizontal direction at a certain speed until the test person shows unsafe signs in the walking process, and the angle is the dynamic critical angle (namely, the antiskid inclination angle described herein).

B. The wear resistance test method comprises the following steps: reference GB/T3810.7

(2) The results of the tests on the micro-engraved holes, the anti-slip property and the wear resistance of the ceramic tile are shown in table 2 below:

as can be seen from the above, the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze of the embodiments 1 to 4 is not less than 1160 ℃ and the melting temperature is not less than 1702 ℃, so that the initial melting temperature of the wear-resistant glaze of the invention can be increased to 1160 to 1200 ℃ and the melting temperature can be increased to 1700 to 1750 ℃.

The depth of the micro-carving holes of the embodiments 1 to 4 can be basically controlled within 0.10mm to 0.12mm, and the variation is less than or equal to 20 percent; the diameter is basically controlled within 0.30 mm-0.32 mm, and the variation is less than or equal to 7%. Therefore, the invention achieves the purpose of accurately controlling the depth and the aperture of the micro-carving hole, and can still ensure the consistency of the product quality during multi-batch production.

The anti-slip inclination angle of the above examples 1-4 is 18-20 degrees, the anti-slip effect is ideal, the wear resistance is good, and the surface is wear resistant 3300-.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.