阅读说明：本技术 一种用于护栏改造的预制混凝土构件及护栏改造方法 (Precast concrete component for guardrail reconstruction and guardrail reconstruction method ) 是由 梁亚平 荆坤 马亮 贺志昂 张翔 于 2021-09-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于护栏改造的预制混凝土构件及护栏改造方法,针对新泽西坡面或F型坡面的组合式桥梁护栏,提出采用预制混凝土构件代替其钢管结构,预制混凝土构件为钢筋混凝土式预制板,能够提高护栏的防护等级,且其定位安装结构采用内外间隔布置的竖直通孔和抗剪螺栓孔,在竖直通孔内设置抗弯螺栓,在抗剪螺栓孔内设置抗剪螺栓,形成并列三角形走向的交错排列锚固结构,可以承受多种角度下的汽车碰撞荷载。同时板体的左右两侧各设有一半的所述定位安装结构,使得两个所述板体对接时,能够形成一个完整的所述定位安装结构,通过在安装槽内设置薄壁方管连接件,将多个板体进行连接,提高护栏的整体抗剪能力。(The utility model provides a precast concrete component and guardrail transformation method for guardrail transformation, to the domatic combination formula bridge railing of new jersey or F type, propose to adopt precast concrete component to replace its steel tubular construction, precast concrete component is reinforced concrete formula prefabricated plate, can improve the protection level of guardrail, and its location mounting structure adopts inside and outside interval arrangement's vertical through-hole and shear bolt hole, set up bending bolt in vertical through-hole, set up shear bolt in shear bolt hole, form the staggered arrangement anchor structure of triangle-shaped trend side by side, can bear the automobile collision load under the multiple angle. Simultaneously the left and right sides of plate body respectively is equipped with half the location mounting structure makes two when the plate body docks, can form a complete location mounting structure through set up thin wall side's union coupling spare in the mounting groove, connects a plurality of plate bodies, improves the whole ability of shearing of guardrail.)

1. A precast concrete component for improving a combined bridge guardrail is characterized by comprising a concrete plate body, the width of which is equal to that of the horizontal top surface of a concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail, and the length of the concrete plate body is more than 10 times of the width of the concrete plate body; the plate body is provided with a positioning and mounting structure; the positioning and mounting structure comprises a mounting groove which extends downwards from the center of the upper top surface of the plate body; a plurality of vertical through holes are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the mounting groove along the length direction of the plate body; a plurality of shear bolt holes are formed in the bottom surface of the plate body on the outer side of the vertical through hole; the length of the mounting groove is not less than one fourth of the length of the plate body and not more than one third of the length of the plate body; the left side and the right side of the plate body are respectively provided with a half of the positioning and mounting structure, so that when the two plate bodies are in butt joint, a complete positioning and mounting structure can be formed.

2. The precast concrete unit for the reconstruction of the combined bridge guardrail as recited in claim 1, wherein the mounting groove is rectangular, a thin-walled square tube connector is disposed in the mounting groove, corresponding to the vertical through hole, a pair of sides of the thin-walled square tube connector are provided with through holes, and the diameter of the through holes is smaller than that of the vertical through hole.

3. The precast concrete member for the reconstruction of a combined bridge guardrail according to claim 2, wherein the shear bolt hole is a blind hole and has a depth not more than half of the height of the vertical through hole; the shear-resistant bolt holes and two adjacent vertical through holes form a group of bending shear combined structure holes which are arranged according to a triangle, the positioning and mounting structure comprises at least two groups of bending shear combined structure holes which are symmetrically arranged, and the positioning and mounting structure arranged on the left side and the right side of the plate body is internally provided with at least one group of bending shear combined structure holes.

4. The precast concrete member for the reconstruction of the combined bridge guardrail according to claim 1, wherein a landscape through hole is formed on the main plate surface of the plate body between the adjacent positioning and mounting structures, and the landscape through hole penetrates through the main plate surface of the plate body, so that the main plate surface of the plate body forms an M-shaped structure.

5. The precast concrete unit for the reconstruction of a combined bridge guardrail according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the plate body at the positioning and mounting structure is larger than the width of the horizontal top surface of the concrete base.

6. The precast concrete member for the reconstruction of a combined bridge guardrail according to claim 1, wherein a bending-resistant sleeve is arranged in the vertical through hole; and/or the shear bolt hole is a tapered hole with a large upper part and a small lower part.

7. The precast concrete unit for the reconstruction of the combined bridge guardrail according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of bending-resistant bolts embedded on the concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail, wherein the bending-resistant bolts pass through the vertical through holes and the through holes and are fastened above the thin-walled square tube connecting piece by nuts.

8. The precast concrete member for reconstruction of a modular bridge guard according to claim 7, further comprising a plurality of shear bolts pre-buried on a concrete base of the modular bridge guard, the shear bolts being screwed into tapered sleeves, the tapered sleeves being inserted into the shear bolt holes; the outer diameter of the large end of the conical sleeve is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole; or the shear bolt is a conical bolt with a small upper part and a big lower part, and the conical bolt is sleeved in the shear bolt hole; the outer diameter of the large end of the conical bolt is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole.

9. The precast concrete member for reconstruction of a combined bridge guardrail of claim 8, wherein the shear bolt has a diameter not smaller than that of the bending bolt, and the shear bolt has a height smaller than a half of that of the bending bolt.

10. A transformation method of a combined bridge guardrail is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, designing and prefabricating the stiff prefabricated slab according to the claim 1-9 according to the size of the horizontal top surface of the concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail;

s2, treating the exposed steel structure above the combined bridge guardrail, and only keeping the concrete base of the steel structure;

s3, pre-burying bending-resistant bolts and shearing-resistant bolts on the horizontal top surface of the concrete base according to the design positions of the vertical through holes and the shearing-resistant bolt holes of the stiffened precast slab;

s4, after the plate bodies are correspondingly installed on the horizontal top surface of the concrete base, the thin-wall square tube connecting piece correspondingly penetrates through the bending-resistant bolt, and the bending-resistant bolt is fastened and locked by a nut;

and S5, sealing the installation groove by using a small amount of cement paste.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of highway safety protection equipment, and particularly relates to a precast concrete component for guardrail transformation and a guardrail transformation method.

Background

The horn-shaped guardrail is designed and constructed according to the abandoned technical specification (JTJ 074-94) of highway traffic safety design and construction (hereinafter referred to as the 94 specification), and is widely applied to bridge sections. The lower part of the guardrail is a concrete base with a specific slope surface structure, the upper part of the guardrail is provided with a single-layer round steel pipe beam, and the steel pipe beam is connected with the lower concrete base through a horn-shaped upright post. The slope surface of the concrete base can prolong the impact history time, the vehicle tire climbs along the slope surface, and then slides to the road surface due to the gravity of the vehicle, so that the impact energy of the vehicle can be consumed, and the concrete base has obvious buffering and energy absorbing effects. But the steel construction self intensity that is located the concrete foundation top is lower, leads to "ox horn type" guardrail protection level to be low, has not satisfied present actual protection demand and standard requirement yet.

The concrete steel pipe combined bridge guardrail which is designed according to the 94 specification and is commonly used on the expressway has the protection grade of PL3 grade and the theoretical protection energy of 230 kJ. However, the 94 standard is abandoned in 2006, 9 and 1, and the current design standard for road traffic safety facilities JTG D81-2006 (hereinafter referred to as the D81 standard) puts higher requirements on the protection capability of the highway bridge guardrail so as to meet the safety protection requirements of the current large-sized and heavy vehicles. In the specification D81, the protection level of the highway bridge guardrail can be selected from SB level, SA level or SS level according to the design speed and the severity of the accident caused by driving out of the bridge, wherein the protection energy of the lowest level (SB level) bridge guardrail also reaches 280 kJ. A full-scale collision test of a real vehicle carried out on a horn-shaped guardrail under the SB-level protection grade collision conditions (10t large truck, the collision speed of 80km/h, the collision angle of 20 degrees and the protection energy of 280kJ) of the D81 specification shows that all upright posts of the metal structure at the upper part of the guardrail in the collision area range are broken and fall off, and the circular tube beam is broken and damaged; after collision, the vehicle is seriously damaged, the cab is almost disassembled, and the protective performance does not meet the requirement. Therefore, the protective energy of 280KJ cannot be achieved by the protective grade 'ox horn type' guardrail of PL3 in '94 specification', and the protective grade 'ox horn type' guardrail needs to be modified and upgraded.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a precast concrete component for guardrail transformation and a guardrail transformation method, and provides a steel pipe structure replaced by the precast concrete component for a combined bridge guardrail of a new Jersey slope or an F-shaped slope, wherein the precast concrete component is a reinforced concrete type precast plate body, so that the protection grade of the guardrail can be improved.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a precast concrete component for guardrail transformation comprises a concrete plate body with the width equal to that of the horizontal top surface of a combined bridge guardrail concrete base, wherein the length of the plate body is more than 10 times of the width of the plate body; the plate body is provided with a positioning and mounting structure; the positioning and mounting structure comprises a mounting groove which extends downwards from the center of the upper top surface of the plate body; a plurality of vertical through holes are arranged in parallel at the bottom of the mounting groove along the length direction of the plate body; a plurality of shear bolt holes are formed in the bottom surface of the plate body on the outer side of the vertical through hole; the length of the mounting groove is not less than one fourth of the length of the plate body and not more than one third of the length of the plate body; the left side and the right side of the plate body are respectively provided with a half of the positioning and mounting structure, so that when the two plate bodies are in butt joint, a complete positioning and mounting structure can be formed.

Preferably, the mounting groove is rectangular, a thin-wall square tube connecting piece is arranged in the mounting groove, corresponding to the vertical through hole, through holes are formed in a pair of side faces of the thin-wall square tube connecting piece, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than that of the vertical through hole.

Preferably, the shear bolt hole is a blind hole, and the depth of the shear bolt hole is not more than one half of the height of the vertical through hole; the shear-resistant bolt holes and two adjacent vertical through holes form a group of bending shear combined structure holes which are arranged according to a triangle, the positioning and mounting structure comprises at least two groups of bending shear combined structure holes which are symmetrically arranged, and the positioning and mounting structure arranged on the left side and the right side of the plate body is internally provided with at least one group of bending shear combined structure holes.

Preferably, a landscape through hole is formed in the main board surface of the board body between the adjacent positioning and mounting structures, and the landscape through hole penetrates through the main board surface of the board body, so that the main board surface of the board body is of an M-shaped structure.

Preferably, the thickness of the plate body at the positioning and mounting structure is larger than the width of the horizontal top surface of the concrete base.

Preferably, a bending-resistant sleeve is arranged in the vertical through hole; and/or the shear bolt hole is a tapered hole with a large upper part and a small lower part.

Preferably, the precast concrete member for reconstructing the guardrail further comprises a plurality of bending-resistant bolts embedded in a concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail, and the bending-resistant bolts pass through the vertical through holes and the through holes and are fastened above the thin-wall square pipe connecting piece through nuts.

Preferably, the precast concrete member for reconstructing the guardrail further comprises a plurality of shear bolts embedded in a concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail, wherein the shear bolts are screwed into the tapered sleeves, and the tapered sleeves are sleeved in the shear bolt holes; the outer diameter of the large end of the conical sleeve is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole; or the shear bolt is a conical bolt with a small upper part and a big lower part, and the conical bolt is sleeved in the shear bolt hole; the outer diameter of the large end of the conical bolt is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole.

Preferably, the shear bolts have a diameter not smaller than a diameter of the bending bolts, and the shear bolts have a height less than half of a height of the bending bolts.

A method for improving a combined bridge guardrail comprises the following steps:

s1, designing and prefabricating the precast concrete unit according to the size of the horizontal top surface of the concrete base of the combined bridge guardrail, wherein the precast concrete unit is the precast concrete member in the claim 1-9;

s2, treating the exposed steel structure above the combined bridge guardrail, and only keeping the concrete base of the steel structure;

s3, pre-burying bending-resistant bolts and shearing-resistant bolts on the horizontal top surface of the concrete base according to the design positions of the vertical through holes and the shearing-resistant bolt holes of the stiffened precast slab;

s4, after the plate bodies are correspondingly installed on the horizontal top surface of the concrete base, the thin-wall square tube connecting piece correspondingly penetrates through the bending-resistant bolt, and the bending-resistant bolt is fastened and locked by a nut;

and S5, sealing the installation groove by using a small amount of cement paste.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention relates to a precast concrete component for guardrail transformation and a guardrail transformation method, aiming at a combined bridge guardrail of a new Jersey slope or an F-shaped slope, the precast concrete component is adopted to replace a steel pipe structure, the precast concrete component can improve the protection level of the guardrail, a positioning and mounting structure of the precast concrete component adopts vertical through holes and shear bolt holes which are arranged at intervals inside and outside, anti-bending bolts are arranged in the vertical through holes, the shear bolts are arranged in the shear bolt holes, a staggered anchoring structure with parallel triangular trends is formed, and automobile collision loads under various angles can be borne. Simultaneously the left and right sides of plate body respectively is equipped with half the location mounting structure makes two when the plate body docks, can form a complete location mounting structure through set up thin wall side's union piece in the mounting groove, connects a plurality of precast concrete members, improves the whole ability of shearing of guardrail.

According to the precast concrete member for reconstructing the guardrail and the method for reconstructing the guardrail, after the shear bolt hole and the two adjacent vertical through holes form a group of bent shear combined structure holes which are arranged according to a triangle, and the bent shear combined structure holes are butted with the shear bolt and the bending bolt, the bending bolt is arranged at the inner side, and the aperture of the vertical through hole is larger than the outer diameter of the bending bolt, so that the bending bolt can generate buffering due to structural bending when being subjected to impact load, namely the bending bolt can fully absorb overturning bending moment due to the bending space provided by the vertical through holes. And because half of the height of the bending bolt is greater than that of the shear bolt, the bending bolt mainly bears the overturning bending moment, and the shear bolt mainly bears the shear force. The bending moment and the shearing force born by the precast concrete member are respectively absorbed, and the structural reliability is improved. Meanwhile, on-site dry connection can be achieved, the conical sleeve can solve the problem of hole alignment and is convenient to disassemble and assemble.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of one embodiment of a precast concrete unit for the reconstruction of a modular bridge guard according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of a precast concrete unit for reconstruction of a modular bridge guard according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view in front perspective illustrating one embodiment of a precast concrete unit for the reconstruction of a combined bridge railing according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a modular bridge guard after being modified by the method for modifying a modular bridge guard according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is a perspective structural diagram of a collision-facing surface of the combined bridge guardrail reconstructed by the reconstruction method of the combined bridge guardrail.

The reference numbers in the figures are: 100-precast concrete member, 101-plate body, 102-bending-resistant sleeve, 110-positioning installation structure, (110A, 110B) -bending shear combined structure hole, 111-installation groove, 112-vertical through hole, 113-shear bolt hole, 120-thin-wall square tube connector, 130-landscape through hole, 200-concrete base, 201-shear bolt, 202-bending-resistant bolt and 203-conical sleeve.

Detailed Description

In order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. In the invention, "inner" refers to a direction close to the collision surface of the guardrail, and "outer" refers to a direction away from the collision surface of the guardrail.

A precast concrete member 100 for the reconstruction of a modular bridge guard, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, comprises a concrete slab 101 having a width (i.e., thickness) equal to that of a horizontal top surface of a concrete base 200 of the modular bridge guard, and the length of the slab 101 is 10 times greater than the width thereof. The plate body 101 is provided with a positioning and mounting structure 110; the positioning and mounting structure 110 comprises a mounting groove 111 extending downwards at the center of the upper top surface of the plate body 101; a plurality of vertical through holes 112 are arranged in parallel along the length direction of the plate body 101 at the bottom of the mounting groove 111; on the outer side of the vertical through hole 112, a plurality of shear bolt holes 113 are formed in the bottom surface of the plate body 101. Bending-resistant bolts 202 are arranged in the vertical through holes 112, and shear-resistant bolts 201 are arranged in the shear-resistant bolt holes 113, so that a staggered anchoring structure with a parallel triangular trend is formed, and the automobile collision load under various angles can be borne.

The length of the mounting groove 111 is not less than one fourth of the length of the plate body 101 and not more than one third of the length of the plate body 101. On the basis of ensuring the requirements of anchoring strength and protection level, a certain space is reserved for setting landscape.

Half of the positioning and mounting structures 110 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the plate body 101, so that when the two plate bodies 101 are butted, a complete positioning and mounting structure 110 can be formed. The length of the plate body 101 is preferably equal to the length of each concrete base 200, when the precast concrete unit 100 is specifically arranged, the joint of the two concrete bases 200 and the joint of the two plate bodies 101 are arranged in a staggered manner, and preferably, the complete positioning and mounting structure 110 centered on one plate body 101 is symmetrically arranged at the joint of the two concrete bases 200. The whole assembly structure of the guardrail is more stable, and stronger collision load can be borne.

Preferably, the mounting groove 111 is rectangular, the thin-wall square tube connecting member 120 is arranged in the mounting groove 111, a pair of side surfaces of the thin-wall square tube connecting member 120 are provided with through holes corresponding to the vertical through holes 112, and the diameter of each through hole is smaller than that of the vertical through hole 112. In addition to using the reinforced concrete structure of the concrete base 200 and the plate body 101 itself to resist the frontal collision, the thin-wall square tube connector 120 is further used to enhance the structural strength of the positioning and mounting structure 110, and further improve the protection grade of the modified guardrail.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the precast concrete unit 100 for the reconstruction of the modular bridge railing further includes a plurality of bending bolts 202 embedded in the concrete base 200, wherein the bending bolts 202 pass through the vertical through holes 112 and the through holes and are fastened above the thin-walled square pipe connector 120 by nuts 300.

Preferably, the precast concrete member 100 for the reconstruction of the combined bridge railing further includes a plurality of shear bolts 201 pre-buried on the concrete base 200, wherein the shear bolts 201 are screwed into the tapered sleeves 203, and the tapered sleeves 203 are sleeved into the shear bolt holes 113; the outer diameter of the large end of the conical sleeve 203 is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole 113; or the shear bolts 201 are tapered bolts with small upper parts and large lower parts, and the tapered bolts 201 are sleeved in the shear bolt holes 113; the outer diameter of the large end of the taper bolt is equal to the diameter of the shear bolt hole 113.

The shear bolt hole 113 is a blind hole, and the depth of the blind hole is not more than one half of the height of the vertical through hole 112; the shear bolt holes 113 and two adjacent vertical through holes 112 form a group of bending shear combined structure holes 110A which are arranged in a triangular shape, the positioning and mounting structure 110 comprises two groups of bending shear combined structure holes (110A, 110B) which are symmetrically arranged, and at least one group of bending shear combined structure holes are arranged in the positioning and mounting structure 110 arranged on the left side and the right side of the plate body 101.

After the bending shear combined structure hole 110A is abutted with the shear bolt 201 and the bending bolt 202, since the bending bolt 202 is on the inner side and the aperture of the vertical through hole 120 is larger than the outer diameter of the bending bolt 202, when the bending bolt 202 receives impact load, the bending bolt can generate buffer due to structural bending, that is, the bending bolt 202 can fully absorb the overturning bending moment due to bending because of the bending space provided by the vertical through hole 120. And since the shear bolts 201 are less than half the height of the bending bolts 202, the bending bolts 202 mainly bear the overturning moment, and the shear bolts 201 mainly bear the shear force. The overturning bending moment and the shearing force borne by the precast concrete member are respectively absorbed, and the structural reliability of the shear bolts 201, the bending bolts 202 and the plate body 101 is improved.

Preferably, a landscape through hole 130 is formed on the main plate surface of the plate body 101 between the adjacent positioning and mounting structures 110, and the landscape through hole 130 penetrates through the main plate surface of the plate body 101, so that the main plate surface of the plate body 101 forms an M-shaped structure. Because the landscape through hole 130 extends to the bottom of the plate body 101, after being butted with the concrete base 200, a flower and grass landscape is conveniently arranged in the space formed by the landscape through hole 130 and the concrete base 200.

Preferably, the thickness of the plate body at the positioning and mounting structure 110 is larger than the width of the horizontal top surface of the concrete base, so that the structural strength of the concrete plate body weakened by the punching at the position can be recovered.

Preferably, a rigid anti-bending sleeve 102 is arranged in the vertical through hole 112; and/or the shear bolt holes 113 are tapered holes with large upper parts and small lower parts. The tapered structure design facilitates alignment and butt joint of the shear bolts 201 and the bending bolts 202 with the shear bolt holes 113 and the vertical through holes 112. And the tapered structure design makes plate body 101 and concrete foundation 200 butt joint back, and certain pretightning force naturally exists, makes it can not take place lateral displacement. Alternatively, the moment sleeve 102 may be configured as a tapered sleeve with a large top and a small bottom.

A method for improving a combined bridge guardrail comprises the following steps:

s1, designing and prefabricating a precast concrete panel 100 according to the size of the horizontal top surface of the concrete foundation 200 of the modular bridge guard rail, according to any one of claims 1 to 9;

s2, treating the exposed steel structure above the combined bridge guardrail, and only keeping the concrete base 200;

s3, pre-burying bending-resistant bolts 202 and shear bolts 201 on the horizontal top surface of the concrete foundation 200 according to the design positions of the vertical through holes 112 and the shear bolt holes 113 of the stiffened precast slab 100;

s4, after the plate body 101 is correspondingly installed on the horizontal top surface of the concrete base 200, the thin-wall square tube connecting piece 130 correspondingly penetrates through the bending-resistant bolt 202, and the bending-resistant bolt 202 is fastened and locked by a nut;

and S5, sealing the installation groove 111 by using a small amount of cement paste.

It should be noted that the above-described embodiments may enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.