阅读说明：本技术 一种中药饮片的炮制工艺 (Processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces ) 是由 王磊 吴哲 于 2021-09-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种中药饮片的炮制工艺,涉及中药饮片加工领域,包括以下步骤：切除根须并清洗、蒸煮并冷却、切片并烘干、研磨、制片剂,炮制得到中药饮片,本发明解决了烘干过程中有些结块在一起的中药,粘接面难以烘干,造成后续研磨粘结,出现研磨故障并降低研磨效率的技术问题,同时解决了研磨过程中,研磨是通过电机带动轴以及研磨辊不停转动,造成转轴以及研磨辊过热,影响中药材性能,且研磨时将块状药材置入研磨罐中无差别研磨,造成有些细小颗粒过研,影响药效的问题。(The invention discloses a processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, which relates to the field of traditional Chinese medicine decoction piece processing and comprises the following steps: the invention solves the technical problems that some traditional Chinese medicines are caked together in the drying process, the bonding surface is difficult to dry, subsequent grinding bonding is caused, grinding faults occur and the grinding efficiency is reduced, and simultaneously solves the problems that in the grinding process, a rotating shaft and a grinding roller are overheated due to continuous rotation of the motor for grinding, the performance of the traditional Chinese medicines is influenced, and some fine particles are over-ground due to indiscriminate grinding when the blocky medicinal materials are placed into a grinding tank for grinding, so that the efficacy is influenced.)

1. A processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, cutting off root hairs and cleaning: removing the root hairs of the traditional Chinese medicine, putting the traditional Chinese medicine into cleaning equipment, soaking for 20-30 minutes, and cleaning for 10-15 minutes, and cleaning;

step two, cooking and cooling: placing the drained traditional Chinese medicine into a cooking device, firstly heating and cooking for 1-1.5 hours on strong fire, then heating and cooking for 0.5-1 hour on slow fire, taking out after cooking, and naturally cooling for 20-30 minutes;

step three, slicing and drying: slicing the cooled traditional Chinese medicine by using a cutting device, and then drying the flaky traditional Chinese medicine in drying equipment for 20-30 minutes, wherein the drying equipment has a shaking function and shakes the flaky traditional Chinese medicine adhered together;

step four, grinding: putting the dried flaky traditional Chinese medicine into grinding equipment to be ground into powder, wherein the powder particles can pass through a 30-mesh screen, and the grinding equipment has the functions of coarse grinding and fine grinding;

step five, tabletting: adding the aqueous composition of powdered Chinese medicinal materials, binder and water into tablet machine, and making into tablet.

2. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: grinding device in step four includes shell (1), both ends are equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate respectively about shell (1), the coaxial grinding jar (2) that is equipped with in shell (1), grinding jar (2) lower extreme is equipped with the blanking mouth, the coaxial grinding roller (3) that is equipped with in grinding jar (2), shell (1) upper end is equipped with end cover (6), be equipped with drive assembly (7) and condensation subassembly (5) on end cover (6), drive assembly (7) drive grinding roller (3) rotate and grind and provide power for condensation subassembly (5).

3. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 2, wherein: grinding tank (2) and grinding roller (3) are the toper, and grinding roller (3) tapering is less than grinding tank (2), grinding roller (3) are equipped with the screw thread outward.

4. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the condensation component (5) comprises a pump component (22) arranged on an end cover (6) and a condensation pipe (8) arranged between a shell (1) and a grinding tank (2), the pump component (22) comprises a protective cover (9) arranged on the end cover (6), two plunger cylinders (10) with symmetrical structures are arranged in the protective cover (9), pistons (11) are arranged in the plunger cylinders (10), springs (12) are arranged between the pistons (11) and the tops of the plunger cylinders (10), piston rods (13) are arranged at the lower ends of the pistons (11), the lower ends of the two piston rods (13) are abutted to end face cams (14), the end face cams (14) are connected to a first rotating shaft (15), the first rotating shaft (15) penetrates through the end cover (6) and is sleeved with a first bevel gear (21), one end of the condensation pipe (8) penetrates through the shell (1) to be connected with a workshop condensation water recovery device, the other end of the water storage tank is connected to the water outlets of the two plunger cylinders (10), the water inlets of the two plunger cylinders (10) are connected into a temporary storage barrel (16) through a hose, and the temporary storage barrel (16) is installed on a support frame (4) outside the shell (1) and is connected with a workshop condensation water source.

5. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the driving assembly (7) comprises a motor (17) arranged on the end cover (6), an output shaft of the motor (17) is connected with a fixed shaft, a second bevel gear (18) is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the tail end of the second bevel gear is connected with the grinding roller (3), the second bevel gear (18) is meshed with the first bevel gear (21), and fan blades (19) which are annularly arranged along the axis of the second bevel gear (18) are arranged at the bottom of the second bevel gear (18).

6. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a filter screen (20) is arranged above the discharge hole at the lower end of the shell (1).

7. The processing process of Chinese herbal pieces prepared for decoction as claimed in claim 1, wherein: drying equipment in step three includes frame (23), rotate on frame (23) and connect the same pivot two (24) of several structures, the output shaft of servo motor (30) is connected in one of them pivot two (24), several pivot two (24) overcoat connect foraminiferous conveyer belt (25), part pivot two (24) go up the cover have the terminal surface be roller (26) of eccentric wheel, install aircraft bonnet (27) on frame (23), lamp tube (29) are connected through connecting piece (28) in aircraft bonnet (27) below.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of processing of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces, in particular to a processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces.

Background

After the traditional Chinese medicine is processed, the medicine effect can be improved, the toxic and side effect of the medicine can be reduced, the storage is convenient, and the processing steps of the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are as follows: cleaning, cooking, slicing, drying, grinding and collecting, and tabletting, wherein the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces can be obtained through processing in the whole preparation process.

However, there are problems: some caking traditional chinese medicines together in the stoving process, the face of bonding is difficult to dry, cause follow-up grinding bonding, cause grinding failure and reduce grinding efficiency and at the grinding process, it is incessantly rotatory through motor drive axle and grinding roller to grind, cause pivot and grinding roller overheated, influence traditional chinese medicine performance, and put into the grinding vessel indifference grinding with cubic medicinal material during the grinding, cause some tiny granules to cross to grind, influence the drug effect, consequently, need provide a herbal pieces-processed technology of herbal pieces and solve above-mentioned problem.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a processing technology of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting off root hairs and cleaning: removing the root hairs of the traditional Chinese medicine, putting the traditional Chinese medicine into cleaning equipment, soaking for 20-30 minutes, and cleaning for 10-15 minutes, and cleaning;

step two, cooking and cooling: placing the drained traditional Chinese medicine into a cooking device, firstly heating and cooking for 1-1.5 hours on strong fire, then heating and cooking for 0.5-1 hour on slow fire, taking out after cooking, and naturally cooling for 20-30 minutes;

step three, slicing and drying: slicing the cooled traditional Chinese medicine by using a cutting device, and then drying the flaky traditional Chinese medicine in drying equipment for 20-30 minutes, wherein the drying equipment has a shaking function and shakes the flaky traditional Chinese medicine adhered together;

step four, grinding: putting the dried flaky traditional Chinese medicine into grinding equipment to be ground into powder, wherein the powder particles can pass through a 30-mesh screen, and the grinding equipment has the functions of coarse grinding and fine grinding;

step five, tabletting: adding the aqueous composition of powdered Chinese medicinal materials, binder and water into tablet machine, and making into tablet.

Preferably, grinding device in step four includes the shell, both ends are equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate respectively about the shell, the coaxial grinding jar that is equipped with in the shell, the grinding jar lower extreme is equipped with the blanking mouth, the coaxial grinding roller that is equipped with in the grinding jar, the shell upper end is equipped with the end cover, be equipped with drive assembly and condensation subassembly on the end cover, the drive assembly drive grinding roller rotates and grinds and provide power for the condensation subassembly.

The grinding tank and the grinding roller are both conical, the conical degree of the grinding roller is smaller than that of the grinding tank, and threads are arranged outside the grinding roller.

Preferably, the condensation subassembly is including installing the pump assembly on the end cover and installing the condenser pipe between shell and grinding pot, the pump assembly is including installing the safety cover on the end cover, be equipped with the plunger jar of two structural symmetries in the safety cover, be equipped with the piston in the plunger jar, be equipped with the spring between piston and the plunger jar top, piston lower extreme installation piston rod, two piston rod lower extreme butt terminal surface cams, the terminal surface cam is connected in pivot one, pivot one passes the end cover and its cup joints bevel gear one, condenser pipe one end is passed the shell and is connected workshop comdenstion water recovery unit, and the other end is connected to the delivery port of two plunger jars, and the water inlet of two plunger jars passes through the hose connection to the bucket of keeping in, the bucket of keeping in installs on the outer support frame of shell and connects workshop comdenstion water source.

Preferably, the driving assembly comprises a motor installed on the end cover, an output shaft of the motor is connected with a fixed shaft, a second bevel gear is sleeved on the fixed shaft, the tail end of the second bevel gear is connected with the grinding roller, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear, and fan blades which are annularly arranged along the axis of the second bevel gear are arranged at the bottom of the second bevel gear.

Preferably, a filter screen is arranged above the discharge hole at the lower end of the shell.

Preferably, the drying equipment in the third step comprises a rack, wherein a plurality of rotating shafts with the same structure are rotatably connected to the rack, one rotating shaft is connected with an output shaft of a servo motor, a plurality of conveying belts with holes are sleeved outside the rotating shafts, a part of the rotating shafts are sleeved with rollers with end faces being eccentric wheels, a hood is arranged on the rack, and the lower part of the hood is connected with a lamp tube through a connecting piece.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces are prepared by the steps of cutting off root hairs, cleaning, stewing, cooling, slicing, drying, grinding and preparing the tabletting agent, the end face of the roller is arranged to be eccentric wheel-shaped, so that the flaky traditional Chinese medicine is shaken on the conveyor belt, the flaky traditional Chinese medicine bonded together can be shaken off, the full drying is facilitated, the traditional Chinese medicine agglomerated together in the drying process is solved, the bonding surface is difficult to dry, the subsequent grinding bonding is caused, the grinding fault occurs, and the technical problem of the grinding efficiency is reduced.

2. According to the invention, the grinding roller, the grinding tank and the driving assembly are arranged to grind the traditional Chinese medicines, and the driving assembly provides power for the pump assembly of the condensation assembly, so that condensed water is pumped into the condensation pipe distributed between the shell and the grinding tank from the temporary storage barrel, the grinding tank is cooled, and the failure of the traditional Chinese medicines is reduced;

3. through the special arrangement of the grinding tank and the grinding roller, namely, the grinding tank and the grinding roller are both conical, the conical degree of the grinding roller is smaller than that of the grinding tank, threads are arranged outside the grinding roller, so that the gap between the grinding tank and the grinding roller is gradually reduced from top to bottom, coarse grinding is formed between the upper end of the grinding roller and the grinding tank, fine grinding is formed between the lower end of the grinding roller and the grinding tank, and materials are conveyed downwards while the grinding roller rotates for grinding, thereby solving the problem that the pesticide effect is influenced by over grinding of some fine particles caused by indiscriminate grinding of the block-shaped pesticide materials in the grinding tank during grinding in the prior art;

4. and the fan blades are arranged at the lower end of the second bevel gear, and generate air flow along with the rotation of the second bevel gear to dissipate heat of an output shaft of the motor, a fixed shaft connected with the output shaft of the motor and a grinding roller connected to the tail end of the fixed shaft.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the polishing apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the housing of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the driving assembly of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding roll of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the change of the gap between the grinding pot and the grinding roll in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the connection relationship of the condensing units according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a drying apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the rack of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of a hood according to the present invention.

The device comprises a shell, a grinding tank, a grinding roller, a support frame, a condensing assembly, a 6-end cover, a driving assembly, a condenser pipe, a 9-protective cover, a plunger cylinder, a plunger, a piston, a 12-spring, a piston rod, an end face cam, a rotating shaft I, a temporary storage barrel, a motor, a bevel gear II, a fan blade II, a filter screen, a bevel gear I, a pump assembly 22, a rack, a rotating shaft II, a conveyor belt, a roller 26, a hood 27, a connecting piece 28, a lamp tube 29 and a servo motor 1-part, a grinding tank 2-part, a grinding roller 3-part, a support frame 4-part, a condensing assembly 5-part, a cover 6-part, a driving assembly 7-part, a cooling pipe 8-part, a protective cover 9-part, a plunger cylinder 10-part, a piston, a filter screen 20-part, a bevel gear I, a pump assembly 22-part, a rack, a rotating shaft II, a conveyor belt 25-roller 26-part and a servo motor.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, a processing process of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces comprises the following steps:

step one, cutting off root hairs and cleaning: removing the root hairs of the traditional Chinese medicine, putting the traditional Chinese medicine into cleaning equipment, soaking for 20-30 minutes, and cleaning for 10-15 minutes, and cleaning;

step two, cooking and cooling: placing the drained traditional Chinese medicine into a cooking device, firstly heating and cooking for 1-1.5 hours on strong fire, then heating and cooking for 0.5-1 hour on slow fire, taking out after cooking, and naturally cooling for 20-30 minutes;

step three, slicing and drying: slicing the cooled traditional Chinese medicine by using a cutting device, and then drying the flaky traditional Chinese medicine in drying equipment for 20-30 minutes, wherein the drying equipment has a shaking function and shakes the flaky traditional Chinese medicine adhered together;

step four, grinding: putting the dried flaky traditional Chinese medicine into grinding equipment to be ground into powder, wherein the powder particles can pass through a 30-mesh screen, and the grinding equipment has the functions of coarse grinding and fine grinding;

step five, tabletting: adding the aqueous composition of powdered Chinese medicinal materials, binder and water into tablet machine, and making into tablet.

Grinding device in step four includes shell 1, both ends are equipped with feed inlet and discharge gate respectively about shell 1, the coaxial grinding jar 2 that is equipped with in the shell 1, 2 lower extremes of grinding jar are equipped with the blanking mouth, the coaxial grinding roller 3 that is equipped with in the grinding jar 2, 1 upper end of shell is equipped with end cover 6, be equipped with drive assembly 7 and condensation subassembly 5 on the end cover 6, drive assembly 7 drive grinding roller 3 rotates and grinds and provide power for condensation subassembly 5.

In this embodiment, grinding pot 2 and grinding roller 3 are the toper, and grind the tapering of roller 3 and be less than grinding pot 2, grinding roller 3 is equipped with the screw thread outward, see fig. 6, and the clearance between grinding pot 2 and the grinding roller 3 diminishes from last to down gradually, makes the space that forms between grinding roller 3 and the grinding pot 2 diminish from last to down gradually like this to make and form the corase grind between grinding roller 3 upper end and the grinding pot 2, form the fine grinding between grinding roller 3 lower extreme and the grinding pot 2.

In the present embodiment, the condensation assembly 5 comprises a pump assembly 22 mounted on the end cover 6 and a condensation pipe 8 mounted between the housing 1 and the grinding tank 2, the pump assembly 22 comprises a protective cover 9 arranged on an end cover 6, two plunger cylinders 10 with symmetrical structures are arranged in the protective cover 9, a piston 11 is arranged in the plunger cylinder 10, a spring 12 is arranged between the piston 11 and the top of the plunger cylinder 10, the lower end of the piston 11 is provided with a piston rod 13, the lower ends of the two piston rods 13 are abutted with an end cam 14, the end face cam 14 is connected to a first rotating shaft 15, the first rotating shaft 15 penetrates through the end cover 6 and is sleeved with a first bevel gear 21, one end of the condensation pipe 8 penetrates through the shell 1 to be connected with a workshop condensed water recovery device, the other end of the condensation pipe is connected with the water outlets of the two plunger cylinders 10, the water inlets of the two plunger cylinders 10 are connected into the temporary storage barrel 16 through hoses, the temporary storage barrel 16 is arranged on the support frame 4 outside the shell 1 and is connected with a workshop condensed water source.

In this embodiment, the driving assembly 7 includes a motor 17 installed on the end cover 6, an output shaft of the motor 17 is connected to a fixed shaft, a second bevel gear 18 is sleeved on the fixed shaft, and a tail end of the fixed shaft is connected to the grinding roller 3, the second bevel gear 18 is meshed with a first bevel gear 21, the bottom of the second bevel gear 18 is provided with blades 19 annularly arranged along an axis of the second bevel gear, and a diameter of a track circle formed by rotation of the blades 19 is smaller than a diameter of an upper end face of the grinding roller 3.

In this embodiment, a filter screen 20 is disposed above the discharge hole at the lower end of the housing 1.

In this embodiment, the drying apparatus in step three includes a frame 23, a plurality of rotating shafts two 24 with the same structure are rotatably connected to the frame 23, one of the rotating shafts two 24 is connected to an output shaft of a servo motor 30, a plurality of conveyor belts 25 with holes are sleeved outside the rotating shafts two 24, a part of the rotating shafts two 24 are sleeved with rollers 26 with end faces being eccentric wheels, a hood 27 is installed on the frame 23, and a lamp 29 is connected below the hood 27 through a connecting piece 28.

The lamp tube 29 is started, the servo motor 30 is started, the second rotating shaft 24, the roller 26 and the conveyor belt 25 are driven to move, the sliced traditional Chinese medicines cut in the third step are placed on the conveyor belt 25, and the end face of the roller 26 is in an eccentric wheel shape, so that the sliced traditional Chinese medicines are shaken on the conveyor belt 25, the sliced traditional Chinese medicines bonded together can be shaken off, full drying is facilitated, the technical problems that some traditional Chinese medicines are agglomerated together in the drying process, the bonded surface is difficult to dry, subsequent grinding and bonding are caused, grinding faults occur, and the grinding efficiency is reduced are solved.

Then, the dried flaky traditional Chinese medicine to be ground is fed into the grinding tank 2 through a feed inlet at the upper end of the shell 1, a motor 17 is started to drive a bevel gear II 18 and the grinding roller 3 to rotate, so that the grinding roller 3 grinds the medicinal material in the grinding tank 2, and the grinding roller 3 is specially designed to enable the grinding roller 3 to rotate and grind while conveying the material downwards, a gap between the grinding tank 2 and the grinding roller 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that coarse grinding is formed between the upper end of the grinding roller 3 and the grinding tank 2, large traditional Chinese medicine materials are firstly subjected to coarse grinding and then are conveyed downwards to a position between the lower end of the grinding roller 3 and the grinding tank 2 through gravity and threads when the grinding roller 3 rotates to form fine grinding, and the finely ground traditional Chinese medicine materials are fed through a filter screen 20 at a discharge outlet at the lower end of the shell 1; meanwhile, the bevel gear I21 meshed with the bevel gear II 18 rotates to drive the rotating shaft I15 and the end face cam 14 to rotate, so that the two piston rods 13 move to pump the condensed water in the temporary storage barrel 16 into the condenser pipe 8, and the condenser pipe 8 is distributed between the shell 1 and the grinding tank 2, so that the grinding tank 2 is cooled, and the possibility of failure of medicinal materials is reduced; in addition, the lower end of the second bevel gear 18 is provided with a fan blade 19, and air flow is generated along with the rotation of the second bevel gear 18, so that heat is dissipated to the output shaft of the motor 17, the fixed shaft connected with the output shaft of the motor 17 and the grinding roller 3 connected to the tail end of the fixed shaft.

The invention obtains the Chinese medicinal decoction pieces by processing the steps of cutting off root hairs, cleaning, stewing, cooling, slicing, drying, grinding and preparing the tablet, and the end surface of the roller 26 is set to be eccentric wheel-shaped, so that the flaky Chinese medicaments are shaken on the conveyor belt 25, and the flaky Chinese medicaments adhered together can be shaken off, thereby being convenient for fully drying;

the grinding roller 3, the grinding tank 2 and the driving assembly 7 are arranged to grind the traditional Chinese medicines, and meanwhile, the driving assembly 7 provides power for the pump assembly 22 of the condensation assembly 5, so that condensed water is pumped into the condensation pipes 8 distributed between the shell 1 and the grinding tank 2 from the temporary storage barrel 16, the grinding tank 2 is cooled, and the failure of the traditional Chinese medicines is reduced;

through the special arrangement of the grinding tank 2 and the grinding roller 3, namely, the grinding tank 2 and the grinding roller 3 are both conical, the taper of the grinding roller 3 is smaller than that of the grinding tank 2, threads are arranged outside the grinding roller 3, so that the gap between the grinding tank 2 and the grinding roller 3 is gradually reduced from top to bottom, coarse grinding is formed between the upper end of the grinding roller 3 and the grinding tank 2, fine grinding is formed between the lower end of the grinding roller 3 and the grinding tank 2, and materials are conveyed downwards while the grinding roller 3 rotates for grinding, thereby solving the problem that when the grinding is carried out in the prior art, the blocky medicinal materials are placed into the grinding tank 2 for indiscriminate grinding, so that some fine particles are ground too much and the drug effect is influenced;

and the lower end of the second bevel gear 18 is provided with a fan blade 19 which generates air flow along with the rotation of the second bevel gear 18 and dissipates heat of the output shaft of the motor 17, the fixed shaft connected with the output shaft of the motor 17 and the grinding roller 3 connected at the tail end of the fixed shaft.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.