阅读说明：本技术 用于合成甲醇的工艺 (Process for the synthesis of methanol ) 是由 西蒙·罗伯特·厄尔利 于 2020-05-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明描述了一种用于合成甲醇的工艺,该工艺包括以下步骤：(i)在重整单元中由烃原料形成包含氢气、一氧化碳和二氧化碳的合成气体,该重整单元包括串联的换热式重整装置和自热式重整装置；(ii)在该换热式重整装置和一个或多个另外的热交换阶段中冷却该合成气体,并且从该已冷却的合成气体回收工艺冷凝液以形成补充气体；(iii)将包含该补充气体的进给气体通入包括一个或多个甲醇合成反应装置的甲醇合成回路；(iv)从该甲醇合成回路回收包含甲醇的产物气体混合物,将该产物气体混合物冷却至露点以下以冷凝粗甲醇,并且将该粗甲醇与未反应的气体混合物分离；以及(v)使该未反应的气体混合物的一部分再循环至该甲醇合成回路,并且回收该未反应的气体混合物的一部分作为吹扫气体流,其中将富氢流和富碳流与该吹扫气体分离,将该富氢流的一部分进给至该甲醇合成回路,并且将该富碳流的一部分进给至该重整装置单元。(The invention describes a process for the synthesis of methanol, comprising the steps of: (i) forming a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon feedstock in a reforming unit comprising a heat exchange reformer and an autothermal reformer in series; (ii) cooling the synthesis gas in the heat exchange reformer and one or more further heat exchange stages and recovering process condensate from the cooled synthesis gas to form a make-up gas; (iii) passing a feed gas comprising the make-up gas to a methanol synthesis loop comprising one or more methanol synthesis reaction units; (iv) recovering a product gas mixture comprising methanol from the methanol synthesis loop, cooling the product gas mixture below the dew point to condense crude methanol, and separating the crude methanol from unreacted gas mixture; and (v) recycling a portion of the unreacted gas mixture to the methanol synthesis loop and recovering a portion of the unreacted gas mixture as a purge gas stream, wherein a hydrogen rich stream and a carbon rich stream are separated from the purge gas, a portion of the hydrogen rich stream is fed to the methanol synthesis loop, and a portion of the carbon rich stream is fed to the reformer unit.)

1. A process for the synthesis of methanol, said process comprising the steps of: (i) forming a synthesis gas comprising hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide from a hydrocarbon feedstock in a reforming unit comprising a heat exchange reformer and an autothermal reformer in series; (ii) cooling the synthesis gas in the heat exchange reformer and one or more further heat exchange stages and recovering process condensate from the cooled synthesis gas to form a make-up gas; (iii) passing a feed gas comprising said make-up gas to a methanol synthesis loop comprising one or more methanol synthesis reaction units; (iv) recovering a product gas mixture comprising methanol from the methanol synthesis loop, cooling the product gas mixture below the dew point to condense crude methanol, and separating the crude methanol from unreacted gas mixture; and (v) recycling a portion of the unreacted gas mixture to the methanol synthesis loop and recovering a portion of the unreacted gas mixture as a purge gas stream, wherein a hydrogen rich stream and a carbon rich stream are separated from the purge gas, a portion of the hydrogen rich stream is fed to the methanol synthesis loop, and a portion of the carbon rich stream is fed to the reformer unit.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock is natural gas.

3. The process of claim 2, wherein the steam used to reform the natural gas is provided using a saturation device.

4. The process of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat-exchange reformer comprises a steam reforming catalyst disposed in tubes extending through a heat exchange zone formed between an upper tube sheet and a lower tube sheet, the synthesis gas being fed to the heat exchange zone as a heat exchange medium.

5. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the autothermal reformer includes a burner disposed near the top of the reformer to which reformed gas and oxygen-containing gas from the heat-exchange reformer are fed, the flame extending through a combustion zone located below the burner, above a fixed bed of particulate steam reforming catalyst.

6. The process of claim 5, wherein the oxygen-containing gas comprises 95 vol.% or more of O₂。

7. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein the make-up gas has a composition of 10 to 20 mol% carbon monoxide, 0.5 to 15 mol% carbon dioxide, 55 to 85 mol% hydrogen and the balance one or more inert gases including methane.

8. The process of claim 7, wherein the make-up gas has an R-value in the range of 1.95 to 2.05 before the hydrogen-rich gas is added, and the R-value is higher after the hydrogen-rich gas is added.

9. A process according to any one of claims 1 to 8 wherein the make-up gas is compressed to a desired loop pressure in a synthesis gas compressor, and the synthesis gas compressor is electrically powered.

10. The process of any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the methanol synthesis loop comprises one, two or more methanol synthesis reaction units, each comprising a bed of methanol synthesis catalyst, wherein the product gas mixture is recovered from at least one methanol synthesis reaction unit.

11. The process according to claim 10, wherein an unreacted gas mixture separated from a product gas mixture recovered from one methanol synthesis reaction unit is returned to the same or a different methanol synthesis reaction unit.

12. The process of claim 10 or claim 11, wherein the unreacted gas is compressed by one or more recycle compressors, and the recycle compressors are electrically powered.

13. A process according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the methanol synthesis reaction unit is cooled by synthesis gas or by boiling water.

14. The process according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein methanol synthesis is carried out in the one or more methanol synthesis reaction units at a pressure in the range of from 10 to 120 bar absolute and a temperature in the range of from 130 ℃ to 350 ℃.

15. The process of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the separation of the hydrogen-rich stream and carbon-rich stream is achieved using a hydrogen membrane separation device or a pressure swing adsorption unit, or a cold box separation system, or any combination of these devices.

16. The process of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the crude methanol is subjected to one or more distillation steps to produce a purified methanol product.