阅读说明：本技术 一种壳体夹具结构及立式加工中心 (Shell clamp structure and vertical machining center ) 是由 邓火汉 罗云 刘洋 古定波 于 2021-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种壳体夹具结构及立式加工中心,所述壳体夹具结构包括第一工装和第二工装；所述第一工装包括第一基座、第一安装柱、前内撑组件、后内撑组件和压块组件；所述前内撑组件和后内撑组件用于顶紧壳体毛坯的内壁；多个所述压块组件用于压紧壳体毛坯；所述第二工装包括第二基座、第二安装柱和定位块组件；所述第二安装柱上设置有多个安装孔,壳体毛坯局部插入所述安装孔,所述定位块组件用于锁紧所述壳体毛坯。壳体毛坯的大端面朝内地安装在第一工装上,壳体毛坯的小端面朝内地安装在第二工装上,工人只需要更换两套工装即可完成壳体毛坯的机加工处理,并且第一工装和第二工装上均可以同时安装多个壳体毛坯,能够提高工作效率。(The invention discloses a shell clamp structure and a vertical machining center, wherein the shell clamp structure comprises a first tool and a second tool; the first tool comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressing block assembly; the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used for tightly supporting the inner wall of the shell blank; the pressing block assemblies are used for pressing the shell blank; the second tool comprises a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; the second mounting column is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the shell blank is partially inserted into the mounting holes, and the positioning block assembly is used for locking the shell blank. The big terminal surface of casing blank is installed on first frock inwards, and the little terminal surface of casing blank is installed on the second frock inwards, and the workman only need change two sets of frocks and can accomplish the machine tooling of casing blank and handle to all can install a plurality of casing blanks simultaneously on first frock and the second frock, can improve work efficiency.)

1. A shell clamp structure is characterized by comprising a first tool and a second tool;

the first tool comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressing block assembly; the first base is connected with a horizontal machining table, and the first mounting column is arranged on the first base; the plurality of rear inner support assemblies are arranged around the first mounting column, the front inner support assembly is connected to the rear inner support assembly, and the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used for tightly jacking the inner wall of the shell blank; the pressing block assemblies are arranged around the rear inner support assembly and used for pressing the shell blank;

the second tool comprises a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; the second base is connected with the horizontal machining table, the second mounting column is arranged on the second base, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the second mounting column, and the diameter of each mounting hole is matched with the outer diameter of the shell blank; the positioning block assembly is used for locking the shell blank and the second mounting column.

2. The case clamp structure of claim 1,

the outer peripheral face of the first mounting column is uniformly provided with four first mounting faces, and each first mounting face is provided with a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a plurality of pressing block assemblies.

3. The case clamp structure of claim 1,

four second mounting surfaces are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the first mounting column, and each first mounting surface is provided with at least one mounting hole; and the shell blanks arranged on the two adjacent second mounting surfaces are staggered up and down.

4. The case clamp structure of claim 1,

the front inner support assembly comprises an inner support seat, an upper compression spring, an inner support plate and a compression screw rod;

the inner supporting seat comprises an inner supporting bottom plate and an inner supporting vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner supporting bottom plate;

the middle part of the inner supporting plate is hinged with the inner supporting vertical plate, the end part of the inner side of the inner supporting plate abuts against the lower edge of a screw cap of the compression screw, and the end part of the outer side of the inner supporting plate abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the compression bolt is in threaded connection with the inner support bottom plate;

the upper compression spring is sleeved outside the compression screw, and two ends of the upper compression spring are respectively abutted against the inner supporting plate and the inner supporting bottom plate.

5. The case clamp structure of claim 4,

the outer side end of the inner supporting plate is bent backwards, and the end face of the outer side end is an arc face.

6. The case clamp structure of claim 1,

the rear inner support assembly comprises a base plate, a driving device, a top block and an inner support block;

the base plate is connected with the first mounting column and the driving device;

the top block is connected with the driving device, and the peripheral surface of the top block is provided with a first conical surface;

the inner supporting blocks are arranged around the top block, and the end part of the inner side of each inner supporting block is provided with a second conical surface; the outer side end of the inner supporting block is used for tightly propping against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the top block moves forwards under the driving of the driving device, and the inner support block is pushed outwards through the matching of the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

7. The case clamp structure of claim 6,

the rear inner support assembly further comprises a core plate, a mandrel pressing plate and a lower compression spring;

the core plate is hollow, the top block is arranged in the core plate, and the inner supporting block penetrates through the core plate and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the compression spring is arranged between the top block and the mandrel pressing plate;

the mandrel pressing plate is connected with the front inner support assembly.

8. The case clamp structure of claim 6,

the driving device comprises a force application rod, a torsion rod and a push block;

the stress application rod is matched with the threaded hole in the base plate, and the lower end of the stress application rod is connected with the push block;

the torsion bar is vertically connected with the force application rod;

the push block is provided with a first inclined surface which is matched with a second inclined surface at the lower end of the ejector block;

the torsion bar drives the force application bar to spirally advance downwards under the action of external force, so that the push block moves downwards, and the push block is pushed forwards under the matching action of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

9. The case clamp structure of claim 1,

the positioning block assembly comprises a positioning block mandrel, a compression nut and an inner support bolt;

the positioning block mandrel penetrates through a positioning hole in a flange of the shell blank, the inner part of the positioning block mandrel is hollow, and the inner peripheral surface of the positioning block mandrel is provided with a third conical surface;

the compression nut is matched with the threads of the positioning block mandrel;

the inner supporting bolt penetrates through the positioning block mandrel, and the tail end of the inner supporting bolt is in threaded connection with the second base; the outer peripheral surface of the inner supporting bolt is provided with a fourth conical surface; under the action of external force, the inner supporting bolt moves towards the inner side of the second base, and the positioning block mandrel expands outwards under the matching action of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

10. A horizontal machining center comprising the shell clamp structure of any one of claims 1 to 9; the horizontal machining center further comprises a horizontal machining table, and the first tool and the second tool of the shell clamp structure are fixed on the horizontal machining table.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting machining, in particular to a shell clamp structure and a vertical machining center.

Background

Some castings are formed and then need to be machined, such as by drilling, chamfering, etc. As shown in fig. 1, the housing blank 01 needs to be processed with a small end face 011, a large end face 012 and a flange 013 after being formed, and the current processing method is as follows: and (4) vertically machining a lower end face and an upper end face by utilizing two holes on the horizontal machining flange and the flange, and machining the outer diameter by using a vertical lathe. Therefore, in the whole machining process, three machine tools and three working procedures are needed, a worker needs to replace 3 sets of tools, and the existing tool can only clamp one product at a time. The existing processing mode has the disadvantages of complex operation and low efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that a shell blank clamp of a vertical machining center in the prior art is inconvenient to operate and wastes time and labor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a housing clamp structure comprising: the first tool comprises a first base, a first mounting column, a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a pressing block assembly; the first base is connected with a horizontal machining table, and the first mounting column is arranged on the first base; the plurality of rear inner support assemblies are arranged around the first mounting column, the front inner support assembly is connected to the rear inner support assembly, and the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are used for tightly jacking the inner wall of the shell blank; the pressing block assemblies are arranged around the rear inner support assembly and used for pressing the shell blank;

the second tool comprises a second base, a second mounting column and a positioning block assembly; the second base is connected with the horizontal machining table, the second mounting column is arranged on the second base, a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the second mounting column, and the diameter of each mounting hole is matched with the outer diameter of the shell blank; the positioning block assembly is used for locking the shell blank and the second mounting column.

The shell clamp structure provided by the invention is provided with a first tool and a second tool, when a shell blank is arranged on the first tool, the large end surface of the shell blank faces inwards, the small end surface of the shell blank faces outwards, the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly are matched with the shell blank to complete centering and positioning, and the pressing block assembly can press the shell blank; when the shell blank is installed on the second tool, the large end face of the shell blank faces outwards, the small end face of the shell blank faces inwards, and the positioning block assembly can be used for centering and locking the shell blank. The workman only need change two sets of frocks and can accomplish the machine tooling of casing blank and handle to all can install a plurality of casing blanks simultaneously on first frock and the second frock, can improve work efficiency.

Furthermore, four first mounting surfaces are uniformly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the first mounting column, and a front inner support assembly, a rear inner support assembly and a plurality of pressing block assemblies are arranged on each first mounting surface.

Furthermore, four second mounting surfaces are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the first mounting column, and each first mounting surface is provided with at least one mounting hole; and the shell blanks arranged on the two adjacent second mounting surfaces are staggered up and down.

Further, the front inner support assembly comprises an inner support seat, an upper compression spring, an inner support plate and a compression screw rod;

the inner supporting seat comprises an inner supporting bottom plate and an inner supporting vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner supporting bottom plate;

the middle part of the inner supporting plate is hinged with the inner supporting vertical plate, the end part of the inner side of the inner supporting plate abuts against the lower edge of a screw cap of the compression screw, and the end part of the outer side of the inner supporting plate abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the compression bolt is in threaded connection with the inner support bottom plate;

the upper compression spring is sleeved outside the compression screw, and two ends of the upper compression spring are respectively abutted against the inner supporting plate and the inner supporting bottom plate.

Furthermore, the outer side end of the inner supporting plate is bent backwards, and the end face of the outer side end is an arc face.

Further, the rear inner support assembly comprises a base plate, a driving device, a top block and an inner support block;

the base plate is connected with the first mounting column and the driving device;

the top block is connected with the driving device, and the peripheral surface of the top block is provided with a first conical surface;

the inner supporting blocks are arranged around the top block, and the end part of the inner side of each inner supporting block is provided with a second conical surface; the outer side end of the inner supporting block is used for tightly propping against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the top block moves forwards under the driving of the driving device, and the inner support block is pushed outwards through the matching of the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

Furthermore, the rear inner support assembly also comprises a core plate, a mandrel pressing plate and a lower compression spring;

the core plate is hollow, the top block is arranged in the core plate, and the inner supporting block penetrates through the core plate and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank;

the compression spring is arranged between the top block and the mandrel pressing plate;

the mandrel pressing plate is connected with the front inner support assembly.

Further, the driving device comprises a force application rod, a torsion rod and a push block;

the stress application rod is matched with the threaded hole in the base plate, and the lower end of the stress application rod is connected with the push block;

the torsion bar is vertically connected with the force application rod;

the push block is provided with a first inclined surface which is matched with a second inclined surface at the lower end of the ejector block;

the torsion bar drives the force application bar to spirally advance downwards under the action of external force, so that the push block moves downwards, and the push block is pushed forwards under the matching action of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface.

Further, the positioning block assembly comprises a positioning block mandrel, a compression nut and an inner support bolt;

the positioning block mandrel penetrates through a positioning hole in a flange of the shell blank, the inner part of the positioning block mandrel is hollow, and the inner peripheral surface of the positioning block mandrel is provided with a third conical surface;

the compression nut is matched with the threads of the positioning block mandrel;

the inner supporting bolt penetrates through the positioning block mandrel, and the tail end of the inner supporting bolt is in threaded connection with the second base; the outer peripheral surface of the inner supporting bolt is provided with a fourth conical surface; under the action of external force, the inner supporting bolt moves towards the inner side of the second base, and the positioning block mandrel expands outwards under the matching action of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

The invention also provides a horizontal machining center which comprises the shell clamp structure; the horizontal machining center further comprises a horizontal machining table, and the first tool and the second tool of the shell clamp structure are fixed on the horizontal machining table.

For a better understanding and practice, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a shell blank of the prior art;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a first tooling of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second tooling of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a first tooling of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front inner support assembly and the rear inner support assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a second tooling of the present invention;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 6.

01, a housing blank, 011, a small end face, 012, a large end face, 013, a flange, 1, a first tool, 2, a second tool, 3, a horizontal machining table, 11, a first base, 12, a first mounting column, 13, a front inner support assembly, 14, a rear inner support assembly, 15, a press block assembly, 16, a calibration block, 21, a second base, 22, a second mounting column, 23, a positioning block assembly, 131, an inner support seat, 132, an upper compression spring, 133, an inner support plate, 134, a compression screw, 135, a shaft pin, 141, a base plate, 142, a driving device, 143, a top block, 144, an inner support block, 145, a core plate, 146, a mandrel press plate, 147, a lower compression spring, 221, a mounting hole, 222, a second mounting face, 231, a positioning block mandrel, 232, a compression nut, 233, an inner support bolt, 1421, a force applying rod, 1422, a torsion bar, 1423, and a push block.

Detailed Description

In order to better illustrate the invention, the invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the housing jig structure of the present invention includes: the first tool 1 comprises a first base 11, a first mounting column 12, a front inner support assembly 13, a rear inner support assembly 14 and a front inner support assembly 15; wherein, the first base 11 is connected with the horizontal machining table 3, and the first mounting column 12 is arranged on the first base 11; the rear inner support assemblies 14 are arranged around the first mounting column 12, the front inner support assembly 13 is connected to the rear inner support assembly 14, and the front inner support assembly 13 and the rear inner support assembly 14 are used for tightly supporting the inner wall of the shell blank 01; a plurality of front inner supporting assemblies 15 are arranged around the rear inner supporting assembly 14 and used for pressing the shell blank 01;

the second tool 2 comprises a second base 21, a second mounting column 22 and a positioning block assembly 23; the second base 21 is connected with the horizontal machining table 3, the second mounting column 22 is arranged on the second base 21, a plurality of mounting holes 221 are formed in the second mounting column 22, and the diameter of each mounting hole 221 is matched with the outer diameter of the shell blank 01; the positioning block assembly 23 is used for locking the housing blank 01 and the second mounting column 22.

Still be provided with two proofreading and correct pieces 16 on the first frock 1, two proofreading and correct pieces 16 are about back inner support subassembly symmetry sets up for tentatively aim at the casing blank. The pressing block assembly 15 comprises a pressing block and a bolt and a nut which are used for adjusting the height of the pressing block, and the pressing block is used for pressing the convex edge of the large end face of the shell blank.

The shell clamp structure provided by the invention is provided with a first tool 1 and a second tool 2, when a shell blank 01 is installed on the first tool 1, a large end face 012 faces inwards, a small end face 011 faces outwards, a front inner support component 13 and a rear inner support component 14 are matched with the shell blank 01 to finish centering and positioning, and a front inner support component 15 can press the shell blank 01; when casing blank 01 installed on second frock 2, its big terminal surface 012 is outwards, and little terminal surface 011 is inwards, and locating block subassembly 23 can be to casing blank 01 centering and locking. The workman only need change two sets of frocks and can accomplish the machine tooling of casing blank 01 and handle to all can install a plurality of casing blanks 01 simultaneously on first frock 1 and the second frock 2, can improve work efficiency.

Four first mounting surfaces (not marked in the figure) are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the first mounting column 12, and each first mounting surface is provided with a front inner support assembly 13, a rear inner support assembly 14 and a plurality of front inner support assemblies 15.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the first mounting column 12 is integrally in the shape of a quadrangular frustum pyramid, four inclined surfaces of the first mounting column 12 form the first mounting surface, and the first fixture 1 of this embodiment can simultaneously mount four housing blanks 01. It should be noted that the shape of the first mounting post 12 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and may be designed into other shapes, such as a triangular frustum, a pentagonal frustum, and the like, according to the specific size of the workpiece.

Four second mounting surfaces 222 are uniformly distributed on the peripheral surface of the first mounting column 12, and each first mounting surface is provided with at least one mounting hole 221; the housing blanks 01 mounted on the two adjacent second mounting surfaces 222 are staggered up and down. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the second mounting post 22 is a rectangular parallelepiped, and the four outer surfaces of the second mounting post 22 form the second mounting surface 222. In this embodiment, each second mounting surface 222 is provided with two upper and lower mounting holes 221, when the housing blank 01 is mounted, one housing blank 01 is mounted on each second mounting surface 222, and the housing blanks 01 on two adjacent second mounting surfaces 222 are staggered up and down, so as to avoid interference during processing. It should be noted that the shape of the second mounting post 22 is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention, and the second mounting post may be designed into other shapes according to the specific size of the workpiece, such as a triangular prism, a pentagonal prism, and the like, and the number of the mounting holes 221 on the second mounting surface 222 may also be designed into a corresponding number according to the need.

As shown in fig. 4, the front inner support assembly 13 includes an inner support seat 131, an upper compression spring 132, an inner support plate 133, and a compression screw 134;

the inner supporting seat 131 comprises an inner supporting bottom plate and an inner supporting vertical plate vertically arranged on the inner supporting bottom plate;

the middle part of interior fagging 133 with the internal stay riser is articulated, specifically, be provided with a plurality of internal stay risers on the internal stay bottom plate, be provided with pivot 135 between two adjacent internal stay risers, this pivot 135 wears to locate the middle part of interior fagging 133. The end part of the inner side of the inner supporting plate 133 abuts against the lower edge of a screw cap of the compression screw 134, and the end part of the outer side of the inner supporting plate 133 abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank 01;

the compression bolt is in threaded connection with the inner support bottom plate; the upper compression spring 132 is sleeved outside the compression screw 134, and two ends of the upper compression spring 132 are respectively abutted against the inner supporting plate 133 and the inner supporting bottom plate.

The outer side end of the inner supporting plate 133 is bent backwards, and the end surface of the outer side end is an arc surface. The outer side end of the inner supporting plate 133 is bent backwards, so that when the inner supporting plate 133 rotates around the shaft pin 135, the outer side end of the inner supporting plate 133 is closer to the inner wall of the shell blank 01, and the effect of jacking is achieved. The outer side end face of the inner supporting plate 133 is set to be an arc face, so that the inner wall of the shell blank 01 can be prevented from being hung.

The hold-down bolt is screwed down backwards under the action of external force, the end part of the inner side of the inner supporting plate 133 is pressed, the end part of the outer side of the inner supporting plate 133 tilts to push against the inner wall of the shell blank 01, and the centering and positioning effects are achieved

As shown in fig. 4, the rear inner support assembly 14 includes a base plate 141, a driving device 142, a top block 143, and an inner support block 144; the base plate 141 connects the first mounting post 12 and the driving device 142; the top block 143 is connected with the driving device 142, and the outer peripheral surface of the top block 143 is provided with a first conical surface; a plurality of the inner supporting blocks 144 are disposed around the top block 143, and specifically, in this embodiment, four inner pushing blocks 1423 are disposed around the top block 143. The inner end part of the inner supporting block 144 is provided with a second conical surface; the outer side end of the inner supporting block 144 is used for tightly supporting the inner wall of the shell blank 01; the top block 143 moves forward under the driving of the driving device 142, and pushes the inner supporting block 144 outward through the cooperation of the second taper surface and the first taper surface.

The back inner support assembly 14 further comprises a core plate 145, a spindle pressure plate 146 and a lower compression spring 147 as depicted in FIG. 5; the core plate 145 is hollow, the top block 143 is arranged in the core plate 145, and the inner support block 144 penetrates through the core plate 145 and abuts against the inner wall of the shell blank 01. The compression spring is arranged between the top block 143 and the mandrel press plate 146; the mandrel press plate 146 is connected with the front inner support assembly 13. The core plate 145 and the mandrel pressing plate 146 are locked by bolts.

As shown in fig. 4, the driving device 142 includes a force application bar 1421, a torsion bar 1422, and a push block 1423; the stress application bar 1421 is matched with a threaded hole on the base plate 141, and the lower end of the stress application bar 1421 is connected with the push block 1423; the torsion bar 1422 is vertically connected to the force applying bar 1421; the push block 1423 has a first inclined surface, and the first inclined surface is matched with a second inclined surface at the lower end of the top block 143; the torsion bar 1422 drives the force-applying bar 1421 to screw downward under the action of external force, so that the pushing block 1423 moves downward and pushes the pushing block 143 forward under the cooperation of the first inclined plane and the second inclined plane.

The external force may be a pushing force of a worker, and the worker pushes the torsion bar 1422 to drive the force applying bar 1421 to rotate. Because the stress application bar 1421 is engaged with the threaded hole of the base plate 141, the stress application bar 1421 moves downward, and pushes the push block 1423 connected thereto to move downward. By the cooperation of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface, the top block 143 moves forward; through the cooperation of the first conical surface and the second conical surface, the inner push block 1423 moves outwards and pushes against the inner wall of the shell blank 01, and then plays a centering role.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the positioning block assembly 23 includes a positioning block core shaft 231, a compression nut 232 and an inner support bolt 233; the positioning block mandrel 231 penetrates through a positioning hole in a flange 013 of the shell blank 01, the inner part of the positioning block mandrel is hollow, and the inner peripheral surface of the positioning block mandrel is provided with a third conical surface; the compression nut 232 is in threaded fit with the positioning block mandrel 231; the inner supporting bolt 233 penetrates through the positioning block mandrel 231, and the tail end of the inner supporting bolt is in threaded connection with the second base 21; the outer circumferential surface of the inner stay bolt 233 has a fourth tapered surface; under the action of external force, the inner supporting bolt 233 moves towards the inner side of the second base 21, and the positioning block mandrel 231 expands outwards under the cooperation of the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

In a non-assembly state, the positioning block mandrel 231 is in clearance fit with the positioning hole in the flange 013; after the positioning block mandrel 231 is expanded, the positioning block mandrel 231 is in interference fit with the positioning hole in the flange 013.

The invention also provides a horizontal machining center which comprises the shell clamp structure; the horizontal machining center further comprises a horizontal machining table 3, and the first tool 1 and the second tool 2 of the shell clamp structure are fixed on the horizontal machining table 3.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "vertical", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.

If the terms "first," "second," etc. are used herein to define parts, those skilled in the art will recognize that: the use of "first" and "second" is merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and the words are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various modifications and variations of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technical scope of the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.