阅读说明：本技术 一种圆变方复杂内腔结构的制造方法 (Method for manufacturing round-to-square complex inner cavity structure ) 是由 李文昌 刘洋 康路路 李俊峰 于 2021-08-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种圆变方复杂内腔结构的制造方法,包括以下操作：分别将筒形内套的上、下、左、右四个方向的外圆面切割为斜面,得内套；加工四个与内套的斜面相匹配的补偿块；在每个补偿块的内表面上均匀铺设镍基粘带钎料,然后将四个补偿块分别放置在内套的斜面上；采用钎焊工装将补偿块与内套夹紧固定后,置于真空钎焊炉中,进行真空钎焊,得内套组件；在每条流道槽的筋条上以及补偿块的外表面上均开设钎料槽；在钎料槽内均涂注镍基膏状钎料,将外套压装在内套组件外部,置于真空钎焊炉中,进行真空钎焊。本发明针对内套的结构设计补偿块,通过两次钎焊,降低了加工难度,提高了制造工艺的可靠性。(The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure, which comprises the following operations: cutting the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve in the upper, lower, left and right directions into inclined surfaces respectively to obtain the inner sleeve; processing four compensation blocks matched with the inclined planes of the inner sleeve; uniformly paving nickel-based adhesive tape brazing filler metal on the inner surface of each compensation block, and then respectively placing the four compensation blocks on the inclined surface of the inner sleeve; clamping and fixing the compensation block and the inner sleeve by using a brazing tool, and then placing the compensation block and the inner sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing to obtain an inner sleeve assembly; a brazing filler metal groove is formed in the rib of each runner groove and the outer surface of the compensation block; and (3) coating and injecting nickel-based paste brazing filler metal into the brazing filler metal groove, pressing the outer sleeve outside the inner sleeve assembly, and placing the outer sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing. The invention designs the compensation block aiming at the structure of the inner sleeve, reduces the processing difficulty and improves the reliability of the manufacturing process through twice brazing.)

1. A manufacturing method of a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure is characterized by comprising the following operations:

(1) cutting the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve in the upper, lower, left and right directions into inclined surfaces respectively, and uniformly processing a plurality of runner grooves on the outer circular surface and the inclined surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve along the axial direction to obtain the inner sleeve;

(2) processing four compensation blocks which are respectively matched with the inclined surfaces of the inner sleeve, wherein the inner surfaces of the compensation blocks are inclined surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the compensation blocks are straight surfaces;

(3) uniformly paving nickel-based adhesive tape brazing filler metal on the inner surface of each compensation block, and then respectively placing the four compensation blocks on the inclined surface of the inner sleeve to ensure that the inclined surface of the inner sleeve is completely attached to the inner surface of the compensation block;

(4) clamping and fixing the compensation block and the inner sleeve by using a brazing tool, and then placing the compensation block and the inner sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing to obtain an inner sleeve assembly; then processing the outer surface of the compensation block in the inner sleeve component into an arc surface matched with the inner sleeve;

(5) brazing filler metal grooves used for presetting brazing filler metals are formed in the ribs of each runner groove on the outer circular surface of the inner sleeve and on the outer surface of the compensation block, and the brazing filler metal grooves in the ribs are communicated with the brazing filler metal grooves in the compensation block; the connecting line of the brazing filler metal groove on the rib and the brazing filler metal groove on the compensation block is parallel to the central axis of the inner sleeve;

(6) coating and injecting nickel-based paste brazing filler metal into the brazing filler metal grooves on the ribs and the brazing filler metal grooves on the compensation blocks, pressing the outer sleeve outside the inner sleeve assembly, and placing the outer sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing; and obtaining a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure after brazing.

2. The method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein the brazing tool in the step (4) comprises a lower plate arranged at the bottom of the inner sleeve assembly, and the lower plate is connected with an upper plate arranged at the top of the inner sleeve assembly through a first screw rod; the both sides of inboard all are equipped with the fixed plate, connect through the second screw rod between two fixed plates.

3. The method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brazing tool and the inner sleeve for placing the compensation block in the step (4) are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuum brazing is performed according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 1.0-2.5 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan, cooling to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the inner sleeve component.

4. The method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein the solder pot in the step (5) has a width of 0.8-1.2 mm and a depth of 1.4-1.6 mm.

5. The method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace in the step (6) and vacuum brazed according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 30-50 Pa for 2-3 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan to cool to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure component.

6. The method for manufacturing the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure according to claim 5, wherein the integrity of the brazing seam is visually checked after the brazing is finished, and the pressure test is performed on the manufactured round-to-square complex inner cavity structure assembly; the test medium of the pressure test is purified water, the pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 10 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace precision manufacturing, and relates to a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure.

Background

When a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure is processed, one end of the inner sleeve is round and the other end of the inner sleeve is square, and a plurality of runner grooves are formed in the outer surface of the round inner sleeve, so that brazing filler metal is difficult to preset due to the special structure of the round inner sleeve. Meanwhile, the outer sleeve is also of a matched round-to-square complex structure, and if the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are respectively processed and then brazed together, the complex structure needs to be processed, particularly the complex structure on the inner surface of the outer sleeve, so that the processing is very difficult; the technical difficulty in the processing process is to ensure the brazing quality, meet the pressure test requirement and ensure the fitting rate of the fitting surfaces of the parts to complete the reliable welding of the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure, which reduces the processing difficulty, ensures the fitting rate of the fitting surface of parts and improves the reliability of the manufacturing process.

The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a manufacturing method of a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure comprises the following operations:

(1) cutting the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve in the upper, lower, left and right directions into inclined surfaces respectively, and uniformly processing a plurality of runner grooves on the outer circular surface and the inclined surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve along the axial direction to obtain the inner sleeve;

(2) processing four compensation blocks which are respectively matched with the inclined surfaces of the inner sleeve, wherein the inner surfaces of the compensation blocks are inclined surfaces, and the outer surfaces of the compensation blocks are straight surfaces;

(3) uniformly paving nickel-based adhesive tape brazing filler metal on the inner surface of each compensation block, and then respectively placing the four compensation blocks on the inclined surface of the inner sleeve to ensure that the inclined surface of the inner sleeve is completely attached to the inner surface of the compensation block;

(4) clamping and fixing the compensation block and the inner sleeve by using a brazing tool, and then placing the compensation block and the inner sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing to obtain an inner sleeve assembly; then processing the outer surface of the compensation block in the inner sleeve component into an arc surface matched with the inner sleeve;

(5) brazing filler metal grooves used for presetting brazing filler metals are formed in the ribs of each runner groove on the outer circular surface of the inner sleeve and on the outer surface of the compensation block, and the brazing filler metal grooves in the ribs are communicated with the brazing filler metal grooves in the compensation block; the connecting line of the brazing filler metal groove on the rib and the brazing filler metal groove on the compensation block is parallel to the central axis of the inner sleeve;

(6) coating and injecting nickel-based paste brazing filler metal into the brazing filler metal grooves on the ribs and the brazing filler metal grooves on the compensation blocks, pressing the outer sleeve outside the inner sleeve assembly, and placing the outer sleeve in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing; and obtaining a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure after brazing.

The brazing tool in the step (4) comprises a lower plate arranged at the bottom of the inner sleeve assembly, and the lower plate is connected with an upper plate arranged at the top of the inner sleeve assembly through a first screw rod; the both sides of inboard all are equipped with the fixed plate, connect through the second screw rod between two fixed plates.

Further, the brazing tool and the inner sleeve for placing the compensation block in the step (4) are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuum brazing is performed according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 1.0-2.5 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan, cooling to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the inner sleeve component.

Further, the width of the brazing filler metal groove in the step (5) is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the depth is 1.4-1.6 mm.

Further, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve assembly in the step (6) are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuum brazing is carried out according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 30-50 Pa for 2-3 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan to cool to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure component.

Further, visually inspecting the integrity of a brazing seam after brazing is finished, and performing a pressure test on the manufactured round-to-square complex inner cavity structure assembly; the test medium of the pressure test is purified water, the pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 10 min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure, which is characterized in that a compensation block matched with an inclined plane of an inner sleeve is designed aiming at the round-to-square structure of the inner sleeve, an inner sleeve assembly is formed by adding one-time vacuum brazing of the inner sleeve and the compensation block, and the inner sleeve assembly and an outer sleeve are subjected to vacuum brazing to complete the manufacture of the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure; through the design of the compensation block, the complex matching surface is simplified into a welding mode of an inner sleeve, the compensation block and an outer sleeve, and the processing difficulty of the compensation block is obviously superior to that of the inner surface of the outer sleeve; the inner sleeve and the compensation block are clamped in a two-way mode through the brazing tool during primary vacuum brazing, the fitting rate of the matching surfaces of the compensation block and the inner sleeve is guaranteed, and brazing quality is further guaranteed; and more importantly, the difficult problem of solder presetting in the complex cavity welding process is solved.

During secondary vacuum brazing, all matched excircles including the compensation blocks are machined by a crane to ensure roundness, so that the requirement of a matching gap during secondary vacuum brazing assembly is met; the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are matched in a straight circle, and the presetting of the brazing filler metal is very difficult, so that brazing filler metal grooves are formed in each runner groove rib on the outer circle surface of the inner sleeve and the outer surface of the compensation block, and during secondary vacuum brazing assembly, the paste brazing filler metal is coated and injected in the brazing filler metal grooves to realize the presetting of the brazing filler metal; and then the outer sleeve is pressed on the inner sleeve component to complete assembly and vacuum brazing is carried out. The method is simple and reliable, not only solves the problem of difficult solder presetting, but also is convenient for processing and assembling; the processing difficulty is reduced, the fitting rate of the matching surfaces of the parts is ensured, and the reliability of the manufacturing process is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an inner sleeve according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a compensation block according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of the compensation block of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a brazing tool of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of the brazing tool of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a side view of the inner sleeve assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the inner sleeve assembly of the present invention;

wherein, 1 is an inner sleeve, 2 is a compensation block, 3 is an outer sleeve, 4 is a brazing filler metal groove, 5 is a rib, 6 is an upper plate, 7 is a lower plate, 801 is a first screw rod, 802 is a second screw rod, 9 is a fixing plate, and 10 is a nut.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure includes the following operations:

(1) cutting the outer circular surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve in the upper, lower, left and right directions into inclined surfaces respectively, and uniformly processing a plurality of runner grooves on the outer circular surface and the inclined surfaces of the cylindrical inner sleeve along the axial direction to obtain an inner sleeve 1;

(2) processing four compensation blocks 2 which are respectively matched with the inclined planes of the inner sleeve 1, wherein the inner surface of each compensation block 2 is an inclined plane, and the outer surface of each compensation block is a straight plane;

(3) uniformly paving nickel-based adhesive tape brazing filler metal on the inner surface of each compensation block 2, and then respectively placing the four compensation blocks 2 on the inclined surface of the inner sleeve 1 to ensure that the inclined surface of the inner sleeve 1 is completely attached to the inner surfaces of the compensation blocks 2;

(4) clamping and fixing the compensation block 2 and the inner sleeve 1 by using a brazing tool, and then placing the inner sleeve and the compensation block in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing to obtain an inner sleeve assembly; then processing the outer surface of the compensation block 2 in the inner sleeve component into an arc surface matched with the inner sleeve;

(5) brazing filler metal grooves 4 used for presetting brazing filler metals are formed in the ribs 5 of each runner groove on the outer circular surface of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer surface of the compensation block 2, and the brazing filler metal grooves 4 on the ribs 5 are communicated with the brazing filler metal grooves 4 on the compensation block 2; the connecting line of the brazing filler metal groove 4 on the rib 5 and the brazing filler metal groove 4 on the compensation block 2 is parallel to the central axis of the inner sleeve 1;

(6) coating and injecting nickel-based paste brazing filler metal into the brazing filler metal grooves 4 on the ribs 5 and the brazing filler metal grooves 4 on the compensation blocks 2, pressing an outer sleeve 3 with the inner surface matched with the outer surface of the inner sleeve assembly outside the inner sleeve assembly, and placing the inner sleeve assembly in a vacuum brazing furnace for vacuum brazing; and obtaining a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure after brazing.

As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the inner sleeve 1 is of a round-to-square structure with a runner groove machined on the outer surface, the compensation block 2, the outer sleeve 3 and the inner sleeve 1 are connected through vacuum brazing to form a special-shaped complex inner cavity structure with the runner groove, and the runner groove bears pressure of 4-5 MPa in the working state. In order to ensure the brazing quality, meet the requirement of a pressure test and improve the reliability of a manufacturing process, the manufacturing process is finished by two times of brazing, namely, the compensation block 2 and the inner sleeve 1 are firstly subjected to one-time vacuum brazing to form an inner sleeve assembly during processing, and then the inner sleeve assembly and the outer sleeve 3 are subjected to vacuum brazing to obtain the round-square complex inner cavity structure assembly.

Further, when the compensation block 2 is processed in the step (2), the inner surface of the compensation block 2 is an inclined surface, and the outer surface is a straight surface (as shown in fig. 5); the outer surface is a straight surface, so that the outer surface is convenient to compress during vacuum brazing; during the first brazing assembly, coloring and repairing (adding red lead powder for coloring to check the fitting rate) are carried out between the compensation block 2 and the inner sleeve 1, the fitting rate of a fitting surface is ensured to be more than 95%, and a brazing tool is adopted for carrying out bidirectional clamping, so that the brazing quality is ensured.

And (3) carrying out vehicle machining on all matched excircles including the compensation block 2 and related to the secondary brazing to ensure the roundness and meet the requirement of a matching gap during the secondary vacuum brazing assembly.

Moreover, the outer surface of the compensating block 2 is processed into an arc surface after the primary vacuum brazing so as to ensure a brazing gap with the outer sleeve 3 during the secondary brazing.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, further, the brazing tool in the step (4) comprises a lower plate 7 arranged at the bottom of the inner sleeve assembly, and the lower plate 7 is connected with an upper plate 6 arranged at the top of the inner sleeve assembly through a first screw 801; fixing plates 9 are arranged on two sides of the inner side of the frame, the two fixing plates 9 are connected through a second screw rod 802, and the ends of the first screw rod 801 and the second screw rod 802 are fixed through nuts 10.

Further, the brazing tool and the inner sleeve 1 for placing the compensation block 2 in the step (4) are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuum brazing is performed according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 1.0-2.5 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan, cooling to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the inner sleeve component.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, in the step (5), the width of the brazing filler metal groove 4 is 0.8 to 1.2mm, and the depth thereof is 1.4 to 1.6 mm. Because the assembly of the secondary vacuum brazing belongs to the straight round fit, the presetting of the brazing filler metal is difficult, therefore the invention sets up the brazing filler metal trough 4 on the rib 5 of each runner channel of the excircle surface of the inner sleeve assembly and on the external surface of the compensating block 2, while the assembly of the secondary vacuum brazing, scribble and pour the pasty brazing filler metal in the brazing filler metal trough 4, realize the presetting of the brazing filler metal, have both guaranteed the laminating degree of the outer jacket 3 and inner sleeve assembly, have guaranteed the brazing quality; and then the outer sleeve 3 is pressed on the inner sleeve component to complete assembly and vacuum brazing is carried out. The method is simple and reliable, solves the problem of difficult solder presetting, and is convenient for assembly.

Further, the outer sleeve 3 and the inner sleeve assembly in the step (6) are placed in a vacuum brazing furnace, and vacuum brazing is performed according to the following parameters:

the cold state vacuum degree is 6-8 multiplied by 10^-3Pa, the working vacuum degree is 30-50 Pa;

heating to 300-500 ℃ at the speed of 240-300 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 3-20 Pa for 0.5-1.0 h;

heating to 900-1100 ℃ at the speed of 300-360 ℃/h, and keeping the partial pressure of 30-50 Pa for 2-3 h;

cooling the furnace to 700-750 ℃ after heating, and filling high-purity argon into the furnace to ensure that the pressure in the furnace reaches 6-8 multiplied by 10⁴And (4) after Pa, starting a fan to cool to below 100 ℃, and discharging to obtain the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure component.

Further, visually inspecting the integrity of a brazing seam after brazing is finished, and performing a pressure test on the manufactured round-to-square complex inner cavity structure assembly; the test medium of the pressure test is purified water, the pressure is 5MPa, and the time is 10 min.

By the technical scheme, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a round-to-square complex inner cavity structure, aiming at the round-to-square structure of which the inner sleeve has both a round surface and an inclined surface, a compensation block matched with the inclined surface of the inner sleeve is designed, and the round-to-square complex inner cavity structure is manufactured by two times of brazing;

firstly, processing an inner sleeve, processing a compensation block matched with the inclined plane of the inner sleeve, tightly pressing the inner sleeve and the compensation block through a brazing tool, and performing primary vacuum brazing to obtain an inner sleeve assembly; and then the inner sleeve component and the outer sleeve are pressed together, and vacuum brazing is carried out again to obtain the round and square complex inner cavity structure component.

During secondary vacuum brazing assembly, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve assembly are in straight circle fit, and the brazing filler metal is difficult to preset, so that brazing filler metal grooves are formed in each runner groove rib on the outer circle surface of the inner sleeve and the outer surface of the compensation block, during secondary vacuum brazing assembly, paste brazing filler metal is coated in the brazing filler metal grooves, and then the outer sleeve is pressed on the inner sleeve assembly to complete assembly for vacuum brazing. The method is simple and reliable, not only solves the problem of difficult solder presetting, but also is convenient for processing and assembling; the processing difficulty is reduced, the fitting rate of the matching surfaces of the parts is ensured, and the reliability of the manufacturing process is improved.

The embodiments given above are preferable examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any non-essential addition and replacement made by the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by a person skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the invention.