阅读说明：本技术 一种用于预埋螺栓风电叶片的端面加工装置 (A terminal surface processingequipment for pre-buried bolt wind-powered electricity generation blade ) 是由 舒拥华 王文奎 申加平 代钺力 张进 赵耀宇 于 2021-09-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于预埋螺栓风电叶片的端面加工装置,包括转动组件和铣面组件；所述转动组件包括转臂、中心盘和伸缩支腿；所述转臂转动设置在所述中心盘的前端面的中心处；所述伸缩支腿为多个且均布环设于所述中心盘的后端面上；所述铣面组件包括铣头；所述铣头竖直设置在所述转臂上,所述铣头的工作端背离所述中心盘。本发明用于解决现有的风电叶片预埋螺栓端面加工时,端面平面度和光洁度较差的问题。(The invention provides an end face machining device for a bolt-embedded wind power blade, which comprises a rotating assembly and a face milling assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is connected with the face milling assembly through a bolt; the rotating assembly comprises a rotating arm, a central disc and a telescopic supporting leg; the rotating arm is rotatably arranged at the center of the front end surface of the central disc; the telescopic supporting legs are uniformly distributed and annularly arranged on the rear end face of the central disc; the face milling assembly comprises a milling head; the milling head is vertically arranged on the rotating arm, and the working end of the milling head deviates from the central disc. The invention is used for solving the problem that the flatness and the smoothness of the end face are poor when the end face of the embedded bolt of the existing wind power blade is processed.)

1. The utility model provides a pre-buried bolt wind-powered electricity generation blade terminal surface processingequipment which characterized in that: the device comprises a rotating assembly and a face milling assembly;

the rotating assembly comprises a rotating arm, a central disc and a telescopic supporting leg;

the rotating arm is rotatably arranged at the center of the front end surface of the central disc;

the telescopic supporting legs are uniformly distributed and annularly arranged on the rear end face of the central disc;

the face milling assembly comprises a milling head;

the milling head is vertically arranged on the rotating arm, and the working end of the milling head deviates from the central disc.

2. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the telescopic supporting leg comprises a first telescopic cylinder and a supporting leg, the fixed end of the first telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the rear end of the central disc, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder is connected with the supporting leg.

3. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 2, wherein: still include upset clamping components, upset clamping components includes upset jar, supporting shoe, second telescoping cylinder and clamping jaw, the landing leg deviates from the side of center disk is equipped with the mounting bracket, the fixed setting of upset jar is in the mounting bracket, what the supporting shoe is two and the symmetry is fixed to be set up on the both sides upset of upset jar is served, the second telescoping cylinder is two and vertical fixed setting respectively is two on the supporting shoe, the both ends of clamping jaw respectively with two the flexible end fixed connection of second telescoping cylinder.

4. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the upper end of each supporting block is vertically and fixedly provided with a vertical block, and the two ends of each clamping jaw are connected with the vertical blocks through linear sliding rails.

5. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 4, wherein: and a sleeve is arranged at one end of the supporting block close to the overturning cylinder, and the sleeve is fixedly sleeved with the rotating end of the overturning cylinder.

6. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the lower end of the clamping jaw is concave inwards to form a groove, and an anti-skid gasket is arranged in the groove.

7. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and a lifting pipe is vertically arranged on the central disc, and a lifting hole is formed in the upper end of the lifting pipe.

8. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lifting pipe is characterized by further comprising a milling surface positioning assembly, wherein one milling surface positioning assembly is arranged at the side end of the lifting pipe, two milling surface positioning assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides of the lower end of the rotating arm, and the three milling surface positioning assemblies are arranged in a same circle.

9. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the milling face positioning assembly comprises a fixing plate, a third telescopic cylinder and a positioning plate, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lifting pipe or the lower end of the rotating arm, the fixed end of the third telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the positioning plate, and the telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder is connected with the positioning plate.

10. The device for machining the end face of the embedded bolt wind power blade as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the milling heads are right-angle milling heads, and the two milling heads are bilaterally symmetrically and vertically arranged on the upper end face of the rotating arm.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power blade machining devices, and particularly relates to a pre-embedded bolt wind power blade end face machining device.

Background

Wind energy is known as the most potential energy of renewable energy sources by virtue of the advantages of environmental protection, low price, higher maturity of manufacturing technology and the like, and is vigorously developed and applied in various countries of the world. As a key part of the wind turbine, the manufacturing cost of the wind turbine blade accounts for more than 20% of the whole wind turbine, and the safety and the durability of the wind turbine blade guarantee the safe and economic operation of the whole wind turbine.

With the maturity of wind power manufacturing and operating technologies, the power of a wind turbine generator is continuously increased, and the size of a corresponding wind turbine blade is continuously increased. When the end face of the wind power blade with the embedded bolt is machined, the machining is mostly carried out through a face milling machine, however, the wind power blade is large, so that shaking is easy to occur in the machining process, the machining efficiency is low, and meanwhile, the flatness and the smoothness of the end face are poor, so that the machining quality is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an end face machining device for a pre-buried bolt wind power blade, which is used for solving the problem that the flatness and the smoothness of the end face are poor when the end face of the pre-buried bolt of the existing wind power blade is machined.

The invention provides a device for processing the end face of a pre-buried bolt wind power blade, which comprises a rotating assembly and a face milling assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is arranged on the end face of the pre-buried bolt wind power blade;

the rotating assembly comprises a rotating arm, a central disc and a telescopic supporting leg;

the rotating arm is rotatably arranged at the center of the front end surface of the central disc;

the telescopic supporting legs are uniformly distributed and annularly arranged on the rear end face of the central disc;

the face milling assembly comprises a milling head;

the milling head is vertically arranged on the rotating arm, and the working end of the milling head deviates from the central disc.

In the above technical solution, the present invention may be further modified as follows.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the telescopic supporting leg comprises a first telescopic cylinder and a supporting leg, the fixed end of the first telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the rear end of the central disc, and the telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder is connected with the supporting leg.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: still include upset clamping components, upset clamping components includes upset jar, supporting shoe, second telescoping cylinder and clamping jaw, the landing leg deviates from the side of center disk is equipped with the mounting bracket, the fixed setting of upset jar is in the mounting bracket, what the supporting shoe is two and the symmetry is fixed to be set up on the both sides upset of upset jar is served, the second telescoping cylinder is two and vertical fixed setting respectively is two on the supporting shoe, the both ends of clamping jaw respectively with two the flexible end fixed connection of second telescoping cylinder.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the upper end of each supporting block is vertically and fixedly provided with a vertical block, and the two ends of each clamping jaw are connected with the vertical blocks through linear sliding rails.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: and a sleeve is arranged at one end of the supporting block close to the overturning cylinder, and the sleeve is fixedly sleeved with the rotating end of the overturning cylinder.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the lower end of the clamping jaw is concave inwards to form a groove, and an anti-skid gasket is arranged in the groove.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: and a lifting pipe is vertically arranged on the central disc, and a lifting hole is formed in the upper end of the lifting pipe.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the lifting pipe is characterized by further comprising a milling surface positioning assembly, wherein one milling surface positioning assembly is arranged at the side end of the lifting pipe, two milling surface positioning assemblies are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides of the lower end of the rotating arm, and the three milling surface positioning assemblies are arranged in a same circle.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the milling face positioning assembly comprises a fixing plate, a third telescopic cylinder and a positioning plate, the fixing plate is fixedly arranged at the side end of the lifting pipe or the lower end of the rotating arm, the fixed end of the third telescopic cylinder is fixedly connected with the positioning plate, and the telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder is connected with the positioning plate.

The preferable technical scheme is characterized in that: the milling heads are right-angle milling heads, and the two milling heads are bilaterally symmetrically and vertically arranged on the upper end face of the rotating arm.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, by arranging the rotating assembly and the face milling assembly, the whole device is hoisted by a crane and moved to the end surface of the blade root of the wind power blade, the blade is tensioned by the device through extending out of the plurality of telescopic supporting legs to form a whole with the blade, then the milling head is started, the rotating arm is rotated at the same time to drive the milling head to process the end surface of the blade root of the wind power blade, and after the processing is finished, the whole device is taken down from the wind power blade by the crane handle device. The invention has novel structure and convenient operation, and can ensure good end surface flatness and finish when the end surface of the blade root of the wind power blade is processed.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below. Throughout the drawings, like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals. In the drawings, elements or portions are not necessarily drawn to scale.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for processing an end face of a bolt-embedded wind turbine blade in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the flip clamp assembly of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for processing an end face of a bolt-embedded wind turbine blade in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a bracket, a biaxial hydraulic motor, a chain winding frame and a hanger plate in embodiment 2 of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the base, the adjusting seat and the supporting seat in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the mounting structure of the base, the adjusting seat, and the supporting seat in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a shock-absorbing assembly according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In the figure, the respective symbols have the following meanings:

1. a rotating assembly; 11. a rotating arm; 12. a central disk; 121. lifting the pipe; 122. lifting holes; 13. a telescopic leg; 131. a first telescoping cylinder; 132. a support leg; 2. a face milling assembly; 3. turning over the clamping assembly; 31. a cylinder is turned over; 32. a support block; 321. erecting a block; 322. a sleeve; 33. a second telescoping cylinder; 34. a clamping jaw; 341. an anti-slip gasket; 4. a face milling positioning assembly; 41. a fixing plate; 42. a third telescopic cylinder; 43. positioning a plate; 5. a load bearing assembly; 51. a bearing table; 511. a support; 512. a dual-axis hydraulic motor; 513. a chain winding frame; 514. a hanger plate; 515. a first horizontal slide rail; 52. a base; 521. a second horizontal slide rail; 53. an adjusting seat; 54. a supporting seat; 541. inclining the slide rail; 542. a first seat body; 543. a second seat body; 6. a shock absorbing assembly; 61. a shock-absorbing mount; 62. a silica gel sleeve; 63. a straight rod.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are illustrated and described in detail as follows:

example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 2, the embodiment provides a device for processing an end surface of a wind turbine blade with an embedded bolt, which includes a rotating assembly 1 and a face milling assembly 2;

the rotating assembly 1 comprises a rotating arm 11, a central disc 12 and telescopic supporting legs 13;

the rotating arm 11 is rotatably arranged at the center of the front end surface of the central disc 12;

the four telescopic supporting legs 13 are uniformly distributed and annularly arranged on the rear end face of the central disc 12;

the face milling assembly 2 comprises a milling head;

the milling head is vertically arranged on the rotating arm 11, and the working end of the milling head deviates from the central disc 12.

This embodiment is through setting up upset clamping component 3 and milling face subassembly 2, hang the device through the lifting machine and deliver to wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface department, four flexible landing legs 13 stretch out and make the device rise tight blade, form a whole with the blade, then start the cutter head, rotate rocking arm 11 simultaneously, here can install driving motor (not shown) additional on spider 12, driving motor's output is connected with the middle part drive of rocking arm 11, thereby the motor rotation drives rocking arm 11 rotatory, finally drive the cutter head and rotate, thereby the realization is to the processing of wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface.

The driving motor in this embodiment may be a rotary hydraulic cylinder instead.

Referring to fig. 1, the telescopic leg 13 includes a first telescopic cylinder 131 and a leg 132, a fixed end of the first telescopic cylinder 131 is fixedly connected to a rear end of the central plate 12, and a telescopic end of the first telescopic cylinder 131 is connected to the leg 132.

Through setting up first telescoping cylinder 131 and landing leg 132, hydraulic telescoping cylinder is chooseed for use to first telescoping cylinder 131, and when first telescoping cylinder 131 stretches out, it is overhanging to drive landing leg 132, and four landing legs 132 contact with wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface and rise the tight blade simultaneously, realize the fixed to the device, and after wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface processing finishes, first telescoping cylinder 131 withdraws, drives landing leg 132 and wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface department and separates to realize the separation of device and wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface department.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the turnover clamping assembly 3 further includes a turnover clamping assembly 3, the turnover clamping assembly 3 includes two turnover cylinders 31, support blocks 32, second telescopic cylinders 33 and clamping jaws 34, an installation frame is disposed at a side end of the support leg 132, which is away from the central disk 12, the turnover cylinders 31 are fixedly disposed in the installation frame, the two support blocks 32 are symmetrically and fixedly disposed at two turnover ends of the turnover cylinders 31, the two second telescopic cylinders 33 are vertically and fixedly disposed on the two support blocks 32, and two ends of the clamping jaws 34 are fixedly connected to telescopic ends of the two second telescopic cylinders 33, respectively.

Through setting up upset clamping component 3, flexible landing leg 13 is behind the tight blade that rises, open upset cylinder 31, supporting shoe 32 is served owing to set up the rotation at upset cylinder 31, make supporting shoe 32 can overturn, supporting shoe 32 rotates and further drives clamping jaw 34 upset, in this embodiment, the flip angle is 180 degrees, clamping jaw 34 just in time aims at the outer terminal surface of wind-powered electricity generation blade root this moment, then second telescoping cylinder 33 is the shrink downwards, drive clamping jaw 34 downstream, finally compress tightly wind-powered electricity generation blade, realize the rigidity fixed to wind-powered electricity generation blade, avoid wind-powered electricity generation blade and device to produce acutely the shake in the course of working, guarantee to mill a face feed volume, and the production efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 2, a vertical block 321 is vertically and fixedly disposed at the upper end of each supporting block 32, and two ends of the clamping jaw 34 are connected to the vertical blocks 321 by linear sliding rails.

The vertical block 321 is used for increasing the stability and reliability of connection between the supporting block 32 and the clamping jaw 34, the clamping jaw 34 and the vertical block 321 are connected through a linear sliding rail, two ends of the clamping jaw 34 are fixedly connected with a sliding table of the linear sliding rail respectively, and the vertical movement of the clamping jaw 34 is more reliable in the working process of the second telescopic cylinder 33.

Referring to fig. 2, a sleeve 322 is disposed at one end of the supporting block 32 close to the flipping cylinder 31, and the sleeve 322 is fixedly sleeved with a rotating end of the flipping cylinder 31.

The sleeve 322 is provided for stably connecting the supporting block 32 with the flipping cylinder 31, and when the sleeve 322 in this embodiment is sleeved on the rotating end of the flipping cylinder 31, the sleeve 322 is connected with the flipping cylinder 31 through a bolt.

Referring to fig. 2, the lower end of the clamping jaw 34 is recessed to form a groove, and a non-slip pad 341 is disposed in the groove.

The anti-slip pad 341 is provided to prevent the jaw 34 from slipping during clamping.

Referring to fig. 1, a lifting pipe 121 is vertically arranged on the central disc 12, and a lifting hole 122 is arranged at the upper end of the lifting pipe 121.

The lifting pipe 121 is arranged to facilitate the lifting of the whole device by the crane.

Referring to fig. 1, the lifting pipe 121 further includes a plane milling positioning assembly 4, the plane milling positioning assembly 4 is disposed at a side end of the lifting pipe 121, two plane milling positioning assemblies 4 are disposed at a left-right symmetry position of a lower end of the rotating arm 11, and the three plane milling positioning assemblies are disposed in a common circle.

The crane is at hoisting device to wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface department, through milling face locating component 4, mills face locating component 4 and contradict with wind-powered electricity generation blade root terminal surface department, can avoid when the crane continues to advance, the device takes place the motion.

Referring to fig. 1, the milling positioning assembly 4 includes a fixing plate 41, a third telescopic cylinder 42 and a positioning plate 43, the fixing plate 41 is fixedly disposed at a side end of the hoisting pipe 121 or a lower end of the rotating arm 11, a fixed end of the third telescopic cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 43, and a telescopic end of the third telescopic cylinder 42 is connected to the positioning plate 43.

The third telescopic cylinder 42 extends out to drive the positioning plate 43 to extend forwards and contact with the end face of the blade root of the wind power blade, so that the device is prevented from moving when the crane continues to advance, and initial positioning of the device is realized.

The telescopic ends of the three third telescopic cylinders 42 in this embodiment all lie in a circle.

Referring to fig. 1, the two milling heads are right-angle milling heads, and are vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the rotating arm 11 in a bilateral symmetry manner.

Two milling heads that set up work simultaneously, can improve and mill face efficiency, right angle milling head then is current structure.

In this embodiment, another linear sliding rail may be additionally installed on the rotating arm 11, the milling head is disposed on a sliding table of the linear sliding rail, and after one circular ring is machined, the sliding table moves to drive the two milling heads to move, so as to implement machining of another circular ring, thereby increasing the working range of the milling head.

Example 2

The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: referring to fig. 3 to 7, the embodiment further includes a bearing assembly 5, wherein the bearing assembly 5 includes a bearing platform 51, a base 52, an adjusting seat 53 and a supporting seat 54; a support 511 is arranged at the upper end of the bearing table 51, a double-shaft hydraulic motor 512 and a chain winding frame 513 are fixedly arranged at the upper end of the support 511, the two chain winding frames 513 are symmetrically connected to two output ends of the double-shaft hydraulic motor 512, two chains are vertically arranged on the left side and the right side of the double-shaft hydraulic motor 512 respectively, one end of each chain is connected with the corresponding chain winding frame 513, the other end of each chain is connected with a lifting plate 514, a hook is arranged on the lifting plate 514 and connected with the lifting hole 122, and a plurality of first horizontal slide rails 515 are horizontally arranged at the upper end of the bearing table 51 in parallel; the base 52 is horizontally arranged on a plurality of sliding tables of the first horizontal sliding rails 515, and the upper end of the base 52 is symmetrically provided with second horizontal sliding rails 521; the two adjusting seats 53 are correspondingly arranged on the sliding tables of the two second horizontal sliding rails 521 respectively; the two supporting seats 54 are correspondingly and obliquely arranged above the two adjusting seats 53, the upper end surfaces of the adjusting seats 53 are inclined surfaces and are inclined towards the middle part of the base 52, the lower end of each supporting seat 54 is provided with an inclined slide rail 541, and the upper end of each adjusting seat 53 is fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding table of the inclined slide rail 541; the supporting seat 54 includes a first seat body 542 and a second seat body 543, the lower end of the first seat body 542 is provided with the second horizontal sliding rail 521, the upper end of the first seat body 542 is provided with an obtuse-angle inclined end, the second seat body 543 includes two vertical plates which are right-angled triangles, the two vertical plates are vertically arranged at the horizontal end face of the upper end of the first seat body 542, the right-angled sides of the two vertical plates are fixedly connected, the inclined sides of the two vertical plates are downward arc-shaped concave surfaces, a bracket is connected between the two first seat bodies 542, and the upper end face of the bracket is higher than or flush with the lowest end face of the inclined end of the first seat body 542.

The present embodiment is provided with a bearing platform 51, a base 52, an adjusting seat 53 and a supporting seat 54. Through directly placing the wind-powered electricity generation blade on two supporting seats 54, two supporting seats 54 are used for bearing the wind-powered electricity generation blade, slip table on the first horizontal slide rail 515 of several slides and can drive base 52 and slide on plummer 51 then through slide adjusting seat 53, when two adjusting seats 53 slide with the same direction, can drive two supporting seats 54 and do the equidirectional motion, thereby realize wind-powered electricity generation blade or move to the right left, when two adjusting seats 53 are close or when moving apart from each other, can drive two supporting seats 54 and rise or descend in vertical direction, thereby drive the wind-powered electricity generation blade and rise or descend in vertical direction. In this embodiment, the sliding table of the second horizontal sliding rail 521 is configured to slide left and right, so as to drive the two supporting seats 54 to move left or right. The inclined slide rails 541 are provided to enable the two adjusting seats 53 to slide on the supporting seat 54, and since the inclined slide rails 541 are inclined, the adjusting seats 53 can raise or lower the supporting seat 54 in the process of sliding relative to the supporting seat 54. After the position of the wind power blade is adjusted, the hook is hung on the lifting hole 122, then the double-shaft hydraulic motor 512 is started, the chain is driven to lift in the rotating process of the double-shaft hydraulic motor 512, so that the rotating assembly 1 is lifted upwards and aligned to the wind power blade, and the milling head is aligned to the area to be milled of the wind power blade to begin milling.

Referring to fig. 3 and 7, the present embodiment further includes a damping assembly 6, where the damping assembly 6 includes two damping frames 61, two silica gel sleeves 62 and a straight rod 63, the two damping frames 61 are disposed opposite to each other in an up-down direction, a cylinder is integrally formed at a vertex angle of the damping frame 61, the silica gel sleeve 62 is vertically inserted into each cylinder, and the two silica gel sleeves 62 opposite to each other in the up-down direction are connected by the straight rod 63.

Through hoisting plummer 51 on the shock attenuation frame 61 of top, the design of upper and lower double silica gel sleeve 62 can produce damping action to vibrations, even the cutter head is in the cutting process, or the chain is in the lift-up in-process, also can play good cushioning effect.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.