阅读说明：本技术 一种钢轨打磨单元 (Steel rail polishing unit ) 是由 李从祥 张东方 郭平 余高翔 陈新华 杨全 李雪辉 王�华 罗旦 赵宇晨 于 2021-04-26 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种钢轨打磨单元,包括：打磨电机,其转轴连接至打磨砂轮；用于安装打磨电机的打磨单元架；设置于打磨单元架与横移导柱安装架之间,用于带动打磨电机实现横移操作的平移机构；设置于打磨单元架与打磨电机之间,用于带动打磨电机实现提升及下压操作的升降机构,升降机构安装于电机安装背板上；设置于升降机构与打磨电机之间的电机摆动架,打磨电机安装于电机摆动架上；设置于电机安装背板与电机摆动架之间,用于带动打磨电机实现侧压操作的侧压机构；设置于升降机构与打磨单元架之间,用于带动打磨电机实现偏转操作的偏转机构。本发明能解决现有打磨单元偏转角度范围小,不能安全通过道岔区域,以及体积大,结构复杂的技术问题。(The invention discloses a rail grinding unit, comprising: the rotating shaft of the grinding motor is connected to the grinding wheel; a polishing unit frame for mounting a polishing motor; the translation mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame and the transverse guide pillar mounting frame and used for driving the polishing motor to realize transverse movement operation; the lifting mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame and the polishing motor and used for driving the polishing motor to realize lifting and pressing operations, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the motor mounting back plate; the motor swing frame is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing motor, and the polishing motor is arranged on the motor swing frame; the lateral pressing mechanism is arranged between the motor mounting back plate and the motor swing frame and used for driving the polishing motor to realize lateral pressing operation; and the deflection mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing unit frame and used for driving the polishing motor to realize deflection operation. The invention can solve the technical problems that the existing grinding unit has small deflection angle range, cannot safely pass through a turnout area, and has large volume and complex structure.)

1. A rail grinding unit, comprising:

a grinding motor (7) with a rotating shaft connected to a grinding wheel (16), wherein the grinding motor grinds the steel rail (50) through the end face or the outer circumference of the grinding wheel (16);

a grinding unit frame (4) for mounting the grinding motor (7);

the translation mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame (4) and the transverse guide pillar mounting frame at the bottom of the polishing car and is used for driving the polishing motor (7) to realize transverse movement operation;

the lifting mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame (4) and the polishing motor (7) and used for driving the polishing motor (7) to realize lifting and pressing operations, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the motor mounting back plate (8);

the motor swing frame (19) is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing motor (7), and the polishing motor (7) is arranged on the motor swing frame (19);

the lateral pressing mechanism is arranged between the motor mounting back plate (8) and the motor swing frame (19) and is used for driving the grinding motor (7) to realize lateral pressing operation;

and the deflection mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing unit frame (4) and is used for driving the polishing motor (7) to realize deflection operation.

2. A rail grinding unit according to claim 1, wherein: the deflection mechanism comprises a deflection driving mechanism (11), a deflection shaft (12), a first rotating arm (15) and a second rotating arm (17); the first rotating arm (15) and the second rotating arm (17) are both arranged in a rotating arm hole (29) at the lower part of the grinding unit frame (4) through a deflection shaft (12); one end of the deflection driving mechanism (11) is arranged on the grinding unit frame (4), and the other end is arranged on the second rotating arm (17).

3. A rail grinding unit according to claim 2, wherein: the fixed end of the deflection driving mechanism (11) is arranged on the polishing unit frame (4), and the movable end is hinged on the second rotating arm (17); the deflection driving mechanism (11) can drive the second rotating arm (17) to rotate by taking the deflection shaft (12) as an axis, so that the grinding motor (7) is driven to rotate around the deflection shaft (12), and the grinding wheel (16) can deflect at different angle positions relative to the steel rail (50).

4. A rail grinding unit according to claim 3, wherein: the lateral pressure mechanism comprises a lateral pressure driving mechanism (10), a lateral pressure driving mounting frame (24) and a lateral pressure driving connecting seat (26), one end of the lateral pressure driving mounting frame (24) is connected to the motor mounting back plate (8), the other end of the lateral pressure driving mounting frame is hinged to the fixed end of the lateral pressure driving mechanism (10), and the movable end of the lateral pressure driving mechanism (10) is connected to the motor swing frame (19); the side pressure driving mechanism (10) can drive the grinding wheel (16) to press on the steel rail (50) or separate from the steel rail (50).

5. A rail grinding unit according to claim 4, wherein: the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving mechanism (6), a lifting guide sleeve (9) and lifting guide pillars (14), the two lifting guide pillars (14) are respectively arranged on the first rotating arm (15) and the second rotating arm (17), and the polishing motor (7) is arranged on a motor mounting back plate (8); the lifting guide sleeve (9) is arranged on the motor mounting back plate (8), and a component consisting of the polishing motor (7) and the motor mounting back plate (8) is movably arranged on the lifting guide column (14) through the lifting guide sleeve (9); the upper end of the lifting guide pillar (14) is provided with a guide pillar upper fixing beam (21), one end of the lifting driving mechanism (6) is installed on the guide pillar upper fixing beam (21), and the other end of the lifting driving mechanism is installed on the lateral pressure driving installation rack (24).

6. A rail grinding unit according to claim 5, wherein: the movable end of the lifting driving mechanism (6) is arranged on the lateral pressure driving mounting rack (24), and the fixed end is arranged on the guide post upper fixed beam (21) through a lifting driving connecting seat (40); the lifting guide sleeve (9) can be driven to move on the lifting guide post (14) through the lifting driving mechanism (6), so that the grinding motor (7) is driven to move up and down on the lifting guide post (14).

7. A rail grinding unit according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: one end of the first rotating arm (15) is connected to the lifting guide post (14), and the other end of the first rotating arm is hinged to a rotating arm hole (29) at the lower part of the arm support (27) on one side through a deflection shaft (12).

8. A rail grinding unit according to claim 7, wherein: the middle part of the second rotating arm (17) is hinged and installed in a rotating arm hole (29) at the lower part of the arm support (27) at the other side through a deflection shaft (12), one end of the second rotating arm (17) is connected to the lifting guide post (14), and the other end of the second rotating arm is hinged and installed at the movable end of the deflection driving mechanism (11).

9. A rail grinding unit according to claim 5, 6 or 8, wherein: the translation mechanism comprises a transverse moving guide post (2), a transverse moving guide sleeve (20) and a transverse moving driving mechanism (13), and the polishing unit frame (4) is movably arranged on the transverse moving guide post (2) through the transverse moving guide sleeve (20); the movable end of the transverse moving driving mechanism (13) is arranged on the polishing unit frame (4), and the fixed end of the transverse moving driving mechanism is arranged on the transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame (1); the polishing unit frame (4) can be driven to move on the transverse moving guide post (2) by the transverse moving driving mechanism (13); the transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame comprises a transverse moving guide pillar outer beam (1) and a transverse moving guide pillar fixing beam (3), one end of the transverse moving guide pillar (2) is connected to the transverse moving guide pillar outer beam (1), and the other end of the transverse moving guide pillar is connected to the transverse moving guide pillar fixing beam (3).

10. A rail grinding unit according to claim 9, wherein: the polishing unit frame (4) comprises two arm supports (27) which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction and adopt a hollow crank arm structure, each arm support (27) comprises two rib plates (28) which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction, and the transverse moving guide sleeve (20) is connected to the upper parts of the two rib plates (28).

11. A rail grinding unit according to claim 10, wherein: the ribbed plate (28) and the transverse guide sleeve (20) adopt an integrated structure formed by machining after assembly and welding.

12. A rail grinding unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 11 wherein: the grinding wheel (16) adopts a disc type grinding wheel or a profiling grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor (7) adopts a horizontal mounting structure; when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a disc type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel (16) is an end surface; when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a profiling grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel (16) is an outer circumferential surface; the grinding wheel (16) is connected with the grinding motor (7) through a belt transmission mechanism (18), and the installation direction of the grinding motor (7) is perpendicular to the rotating working surface of the grinding wheel (16).

13. A rail grinding unit according to claim 12, wherein: when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a butterfly grinding wheel to grind, the steel rail grinding unit can meet the grinding requirement that the grinding motor (7) deflects 40 degrees towards the inner side of the steel rail (50) to deflect 90 degrees towards the inner side of the steel rail (50).

14. A rail grinding unit according to claim 12, wherein: when the grinding wheel (16) adopts a profiling grinding wheel to grind, the steel rail grinding unit can meet the grinding requirement that the grinding motor (7) deflects 45 degrees towards the inner side of the steel rail (50) to deflect 20 degrees towards the outer side of the steel rail (50) at any angle.

15. A rail grinding unit according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 13 or 14, wherein: the lifting driving mechanism (6) adopts a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting guide sleeve (9) adopts a linear bearing, the side pressure driving mechanism (10) adopts a side pressure air cylinder, the deflection driving mechanism (11) adopts a deflection oil cylinder, and the transverse moving driving mechanism (13) adopts a transverse moving electric cylinder.

16. A rail grinding unit according to claim 15, wherein: the polishing machine is characterized by further comprising a motor locking device (5) arranged on the upper portion of the polishing unit frame (4), and when the polishing motor (7) is in a high position and is not in a working state, the motor locking device (5) limits the polishing motor (7) from falling; the motor locking device (5) comprises a motor swing frame mounting seat (22), a rotating shaft (23) and a locking hook (41); the motor swing frame (19) is hinged with the motor mounting back plate (8) through a rotating shaft (23), and the motor swing frame mounting seat (22) is connected to the motor swing frame (19) through the rotating shaft (23); and the motor swing frame mounting seat (22) is fixed on the guide post upper fixing beam (21) through the locking hook (41).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail engineering machinery, in particular to a polishing unit applied to a polishing device of a steel rail polishing vehicle.

Background

The grinding device is an actuating mechanism for steel rail grinding operation, is also a key component and a core operation structure of the steel rail grinding wagon, and has important position and function on the grinding wagon. Meanwhile, the polishing action, quality, efficiency, coverage of the steel rail polishing angle, the advancement of the polishing process and the like required by the polishing car are finally reflected by the polishing device. While the grinding device usually comprises a plurality of grinding units, the existing rail grinding device generally comprises 6, 8, 10 and other grinding units. The most central part of the grinding trolley is the grinding unit, and the grinding wheel of the grinding unit directly acts on the steel rail to realize the grinding operation, so the reasonability of the mechanism design of the grinding unit and the accuracy of the action are very important.

At present, rail grinding trucks used at home and abroad mainly adopt the following grinding units in structural forms.

The first rail grinding wagon consists of 6 grinding carriages, each having 4 grinding units. Wherein, two polishing motors are arranged to every unit, and every motor is installed between two guide pillar guide pins and guide sleeves, thereby drives the motor through the lower pressure hydro-cylinder and moves about and realize the operation of polishing, thereby the deflection axle and the bearing installation cooperation in addition, thereby the polishing unit that two motors are constituteed drives polishing unit frame by a deflection actuating mechanism and realizes wholly deflecting. The defects are mainly as follows:

(1) only a pressing and deflecting mechanism is arranged, a transverse moving mechanism is not arranged, a cup-shaped grinding wheel is adopted, the end face is used for grinding, grinding of a turnout line cannot be carried out, and the turnout cannot safely pass through a turnout area;

(2) two grinding motors are arranged on the same unit frame, the integral grinding enveloping angle is limited, and the full coverage of the profile can be formed only by grinding for many times;

(3) each grinding motor is arranged between two guide pillars and guide sleeves, the resistance is large, after the constant-power grinding control reaction is delayed, the stress of the motor is unbalanced, and the rigidity of the whole structure of the grinding unit is relatively weak.

The second type of steel rail grinding wagon adopts a grinding wagon grinding unit with a parallelogram mechanism pneumatic pressing structural design. The polishing unit in the form adopts a non-guide type pressing structure, and the polishing unit comprises two polishing motors, two groups of deflection driving mechanisms, a beam frame and the like. In the prior art, patents CN102758390B, CN203729166U, CN203729167U and CN203729169U all relate to this type of sharpening unit. The defects are mainly as follows:

(1) the polishing unit has a complex and heavy structure, and the coverage range of the deflection angle of the motor is small;

(2) the frame structure is complex, and the maintenance of the motor is very difficult;

(3) the polishing motor is a motor with a fan, and under a severe polishing operation environment, the polishing motor is easy to enter dust and scrap iron to be damaged;

(4) the grinding unit is not designed with a transverse moving mechanism, adopts a cup-shaped grinding wheel, utilizes the end surface to grind, cannot grind the turnout line and cannot safely pass through the turnout area.

The third rail grinding wagon has 8 grinding units that can be independently deflected per grinding unit. Each motor in the grinding unit can independently move transversely, lift and deflect and is controlled by hydraulic pressure. The pressing mechanism adopts the design of double guide columns and a single pressing oil cylinder, the deflection adopts two deflection driving mechanisms, a deflection shaft is matched with a connecting block, and the transverse movement adopts a hydraulic driving mode. The defects are mainly as follows:

(1) the polishing motor is arranged between the two guide columns and the guide sleeve, the up-and-down sliding resistance is large, the unbalance loading is large, the lifting and falling response is slow, and the constant-power polishing control reaction is delayed;

(2) the deflection angle range of the polishing motor is small, the polishing unit is large in size, complex in structure, poor in space utilization, high in production difficulty and not easy to install, maintain and maintain; the grinding motor adopts a cup-shaped grinding wheel, and the end surface is used for grinding, so that the grinding of a turnout line cannot be carried out, and the turnout cannot safely pass through a turnout area;

(3) the polishing unit frame is assembled by splicing bolts, the structure and the installation are complex, the polishing motor is installed by adopting guide pillars with fixed intervals, the verticality requirement of the distance between the upper guide pillar installation hole and the lower guide pillar installation hole and the junction surface of the guide pillars and the guide pillar installation holes is high, and the parallelism of the two guide pillars is difficult to guarantee; meanwhile, a certain height difference value needs to be ensured after the two guide pillars of the polishing unit are installed, and the guide pillar installation frame is high in processing difficulty and difficult to maintain;

(4) the deflection mechanism of the polishing unit adopts a double-oil-cylinder structure, so that the oil cylinders are easy to move asynchronously, and the deflection angle of the polishing unit is not accurately controlled.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a rail grinding unit to solve the technical problems of small deflection angle range, incapability of safely passing through a turnout area, large volume, complex structure, and difficulty in installation, maintenance and repair of the conventional grinding unit.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention specifically provides a technical implementation scheme of a rail grinding unit, including:

the grinding motor is connected with a grinding wheel through a rotating shaft and is used for grinding the steel rail through the end face or the outer circumference of the grinding wheel;

a grinding unit frame for mounting the grinding motor;

the translation mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame and the transverse guide pillar mounting frame at the bottom of the polishing car and is used for driving the polishing motor to realize transverse movement operation;

the lifting mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame and the polishing motor and used for driving the polishing motor to realize lifting and pressing operations, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the motor mounting back plate;

the motor swing frame is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing motor, and the polishing motor is arranged on the motor swing frame;

the lateral pressure mechanism is arranged between the motor mounting back plate and the motor swing frame and used for driving the polishing motor to realize lateral pressure operation;

and the deflection mechanism is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing unit frame and used for driving the polishing motor to realize deflection operation.

Further, the deflection mechanism comprises a deflection driving mechanism, a deflection shaft, a first rotating arm and a second rotating arm. The first rotating arm and the second rotating arm are both arranged in a rotating arm hole at the lower part of the polishing unit frame through a deflection shaft. One end of the deflection driving mechanism is installed on the polishing unit frame, and the other end of the deflection driving mechanism is installed on the second rotating arm.

Furthermore, the fixed end of the deflection driving mechanism is arranged on the polishing unit frame, and the movable end of the deflection driving mechanism is hinged to the second rotating arm. The deflection driving mechanism can drive the second rotating arm to rotate by taking the deflection shaft as a shaft, so that the grinding motor is driven to rotate around the deflection shaft, and the grinding wheel can deflect at different angle positions relative to the steel rail.

Furthermore, the side pressure mechanism comprises a side pressure driving mechanism, a side pressure driving mounting frame and a side pressure driving connecting seat, one end of the side pressure driving mounting frame is connected to the motor mounting backboard, the other end of the side pressure driving mounting frame is hinged to the fixed end of the side pressure driving mechanism, and the movable end of the side pressure driving mechanism is connected to the motor swing frame. The side pressure driving mechanism can drive the grinding wheel to press on the steel rail or separate from the steel rail.

Furthermore, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving mechanism, a lifting guide sleeve and lifting guide columns, the two lifting guide columns are respectively arranged on the first rotating arm and the second rotating arm, and the polishing motor is arranged on the motor mounting back plate. The lifting guide sleeve is arranged on the motor mounting back plate, and a component formed by the polishing motor and the motor mounting back plate is movably arranged on the lifting guide column through the lifting guide sleeve. The upper end of the lifting guide pillar is provided with an upper guide pillar fixing beam, one end of the lifting driving mechanism is installed on the upper guide pillar fixing beam, and the other end of the lifting driving mechanism is installed on the side pressure driving installation frame.

Furthermore, the movable end of the lifting driving mechanism is arranged on the side pressure driving mounting frame, and the fixed end of the lifting driving mechanism is arranged on the fixed beam on the guide pillar through the lifting driving connecting seat. The lifting guide sleeve can be driven to move on the lifting guide pillar through the lifting driving mechanism, so that the polishing motor is driven to move up and down on the lifting guide pillar.

Furthermore, one end of the first rotating arm is connected to the lifting guide column, and the other end of the first rotating arm is hinged to a rotating arm hole in the lower portion of one side arm frame through a deflection shaft.

Furthermore, the middle part of the second rotating arm is hinged and installed in a rotating arm hole at the lower part of the arm support at the other side through a deflection shaft, one end of the second rotating arm is connected to the lifting guide post, and the other end of the second rotating arm is hinged and installed at the movable end of the deflection driving mechanism.

Furthermore, translation mechanism includes sideslip guide pillar, sideslip guide pin bushing and sideslip actuating mechanism, polishing unit frame movably installs on the sideslip guide pillar through the sideslip guide pin bushing. The movable end of the transverse moving driving mechanism is arranged on the grinding unit frame, and the fixed end of the transverse moving driving mechanism is arranged on the transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame. The transverse moving driving mechanism can drive the polishing unit frame to move on the transverse moving guide post. The transverse guide pillar mounting frame comprises a transverse guide pillar outer beam and a transverse guide pillar fixing beam, one end of the transverse guide pillar is connected to the transverse guide pillar outer beam, and the other end of the transverse guide pillar is connected to the transverse guide pillar fixing beam.

Furthermore, the polishing unit frame comprises two arm frames which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction, a hollow crank arm structure is adopted, the arm frames comprise two ribbed plates which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction, and the transverse moving guide sleeve is connected to the upper parts of the two ribbed plates.

Preferably, the rib plate and the transverse moving guide sleeve are of an integrated structure formed by machining after assembly and welding.

Furthermore, the grinding wheel is of a disc type grinding wheel or a profiling grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor is of a horizontal mounting structure. When the grinding wheel adopts a disc type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel is an end surface. When the grinding wheel adopts a profiling grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel is an outer circumferential surface. The polishing wheel is connected with a polishing motor through a belt transmission mechanism, and the installation direction of the polishing motor is perpendicular to the rotating working surface of the polishing wheel.

Further, when the grinding wheel adopts a butterfly grinding wheel to grind, the steel rail grinding unit can meet the grinding condition that the grinding motor is used for grinding at any angle between 40-90 degrees of deflection towards the inner side of the steel rail.

Further, when the grinding wheel adopts the profiling grinding wheel to grind, the steel rail grinding unit can meet the requirement that the grinding motor can grind at any angle between 45 degrees of deflection towards the inner side of the steel rail and 20 degrees of deflection towards the outer side of the steel rail.

Furthermore, the lifting driving mechanism adopts a lifting oil cylinder, the lifting guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, the side pressure driving mechanism adopts a side pressure air cylinder, the deflection driving mechanism adopts a deflection oil cylinder, and the transverse moving driving mechanism adopts a transverse moving electric cylinder.

Preferably, the rail grinding unit further comprises a motor locking device arranged on the upper portion of the grinding unit frame, and when the grinding motor is in a high position and is not in a working state, the motor locking device limits the grinding motor not to fall down. The motor locking device comprises a motor swing frame mounting seat, a rotating shaft and a locking hook. The motor swing frame is hinged to the motor mounting back plate through a rotating shaft, and the motor swing frame mounting seat is connected to the motor swing frame through the rotating shaft. And the motor swing frame mounting seat is fixed on the guide pillar upper fixing beam through the locking hook.

Through implementing the technical scheme of the steel rail grinding unit provided by the invention, the steel rail grinding unit has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the steel rail polishing unit has the design of pressing, deflecting, transversely moving and side pressing mechanisms, is exquisite and simple in overall structure, easy to maintain, large in polishing angle range, capable of fully utilizing effective space, and effectively solves the technical problems of small deflection angle range, large size and complex structure of the conventional polishing unit; when the grinding wheel is used for grinding the end face, grinding at any angle of 40-90 degrees inward deviation of the steel rail can be met, and the problems that large angles on the inner side of the steel rail cannot be ground, cannot safely pass through a turnout area and the like can be effectively solved; when the grinding wheel is used for grinding the outer circumferential surface, the grinding wheel can meet the grinding of any angle from 45 degrees inside to 20 degrees outside the steel rail, and can completely meet various requirements of grinding the steel rail of the railway;

(2) according to the steel rail polishing unit, the lifting motion structure in the form of the double parallel guide pillars and the four sliding blocks is adopted, the polishing quality of a steel rail polishing initial stage can be ensured, and the technical problems that the traditional polishing unit is large in lifting motion resistance, sluggish in reaction in the constant power polishing process and bounces in the contact process with the steel rail are effectively solved; by adopting the single-down pressing driving mechanism, the technical problems that the driving mechanisms are asynchronous, the action response is slow, the falling point range of the grinding stone is large, the angle control of the grinding unit is not accurate, and the grinding motor is inconvenient to replace due to the adoption of the double-lifting driving mechanism can be solved, so that the moment when the grinding stone contacts the steel rail is softer;

(3) according to the steel rail polishing unit, a single-pressing driving mechanism is adopted, the guide sleeve adopts a linear bearing, and the effect of pressing the guide pillar and the guide sleeve is changed into rolling friction, so that the lifting resistance of a polishing motor is reduced, and the lifting and falling response speed during constant-power polishing and the overall falling point control precision of the polishing unit can be ensured;

(4) according to the rail polishing unit, the polishing unit frame is designed in an open structure, before the outer beam of the transverse guide pillar is not installed, the polishing unit frame provided with the polishing motor can slide on the transverse guide pillar or integrally withdraw from the transverse guide pillar, so that the integral maintenance of the rail polishing unit is facilitated, and meanwhile, the maintenance of the polishing motor can be realized after the polishing motor transversely moves towards the outer side and deflects outwards for a certain angle, so that the maintenance performance of the whole polishing unit can be effectively improved;

(5) according to the steel rail polishing unit, the deflection driving mechanism is provided with the displacement sensor mechanism, the angle deflection is more stable, the response speed is higher, the oil cylinder is arranged in the unit frame, the space can be effectively utilized, and the volume of the polishing unit is fully reduced; meanwhile, a lateral pressure cylinder is adopted to apply pressure perpendicular to the end face to the grinding stone, so that the grinding unit can effectively and safely pass through a turnout area; compared with a transverse oil cylinder mode, the transverse electric cylinder has better position control capability, and can effectively improve the rail grinding quality while realizing large-range coverage of the grinding angle;

(6) according to the rail grinding unit, the driving force of the grinding wheel is driven by the belt, so that the grinding wheel can safely and reliably pass through a turnout grinding area; meanwhile, the grinding motor and the grinding wheel transmission shaft are in belt transmission, so that the rotating speed of the grinding wheel can be adjusted, the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel is in contact with a steel rail can be reduced, and the service life of the grinding motor is prolonged.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, from which other embodiments can be derived by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a right side elevational view in schematic form of one embodiment of a rail grinding unit in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front elevational view in schematic form of one embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a left side elevational view of a schematic of the construction of one embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a rear elevational view in schematic form of one embodiment of a rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a top schematic view of the structure of one embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the configuration of one embodiment of a rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a rail grinding unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention from another perspective;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit with the grinding unit frame removed according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention shown from another perspective with the grinding unit frame removed;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention shown from a further perspective with the grinding unit frame removed;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention shown from a third perspective with the grinding unit frame removed;

FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of the mounting arrangement of one embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the mounting arrangement of one embodiment of the rail grinding unit of the present invention from another perspective;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention with end grinding at an angle of 90 degrees inward;

FIG. 16 is a schematic representation of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention with end face grinding at an angle of about 40 degrees inward;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in a 45 ° inward position for grinding the outer circumference;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a rail grinding unit according to an embodiment of the present invention in an inner 20 degree offset condition using outer circumferential grinding;

in the figure: 1-outer beam of traverse guide, 2-traverse guide, 3-fixed beam of traverse guide, 4-frame of polishing unit, 5-motor locking device, 6-lifting driving mechanism, 7-polishing motor, 8-motor mounting back plate, 9-lifting guide, 10-lateral pressure driving mechanism, 11-deflection driving mechanism, 12-deflection shaft, 13-traverse driving mechanism, 14-lifting guide, 15-first rotating arm, 16-polishing grinding wheel, 17-second rotating arm, 18-belt driving mechanism, 19-motor swinging frame, 20-traverse guide, 21-upper beam of guide, 22-motor swinging frame mounting seat, 23-rotating shaft, 24-lateral pressure driving mounting frame, 25-first connecting beam, 26-lateral pressure driving connecting seat, 27-arm support, 28-ribbed plate, 29-rotating arm hole, 30-belt, 31-first belt pulley, 32-second belt pulley, 33-third belt pulley, 34-transmission case, 35-outer shaft sleeve, 36-inner shaft sleeve, 37-stop washer, 38-nut, 39-lifting driving connecting seat, 40-second connecting beam, 41-locking hook and 50-steel rail.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring now to figures 1 to 18 of the drawings, there is shown an embodiment of a rail grinding unit according to the present invention, and the invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1 to 14, an embodiment of a rail grinding unit specifically includes:

a grinding motor 7, the rotating shaft of which is connected to a grinding wheel 16, and which grinds the steel rail through the end face or the outer circumferential face of the grinding wheel 16;

a grinding unit frame 4 for mounting a grinding motor 7;

the translation mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame 4 and the transverse guide pillar mounting frame at the bottom of the polishing car and is used for driving the polishing motor 7 to realize transverse movement operation;

the lifting mechanism is arranged between the polishing unit frame 4 and the polishing motor 7 and used for driving the polishing motor 7 to realize lifting and pressing operations, and the lifting mechanism is arranged on the motor mounting back plate 8;

the motor swing frame 19 is arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing motor 7, and the polishing motor 7 is arranged on the motor swing frame 19;

the side pressing mechanism is arranged between the motor mounting back plate 8 and the motor swing frame 19 and is used for driving the grinding motor 7 to realize side pressing operation;

and a deflection mechanism arranged between the lifting mechanism and the polishing unit frame 4 and used for driving the polishing motor 7 to realize deflection operation.

Wherein, the grinding wheel 16 adopts a disc type grinding wheel or a profiling grinding wheel structure, and the grinding motor 7 adopts a horizontal mounting structure. When the grinding wheel 16 adopts a disc-type grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel 16 is an end surface. When the grinding wheel 16 adopts a profile grinding wheel structure, the working surface of the grinding wheel 16 is an outer circumferential surface. The grinding wheel 16 is further connected with the grinding motor 7 through a belt transmission mechanism 18, and the installation direction of the grinding motor 7 is vertical to the rotating working surface of the grinding wheel 16. Grinding motor 7 specifically adopts aluminium system motor housing, has effectively realized the lightweight design of rail unit of polishing. Meanwhile, the grinding motor 7 is designed by a fanless motor, so that the service life of the motor is effectively prolonged. The rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment is provided with a transverse moving mechanism, a downward pressing mechanism, a deflecting mechanism and a lateral pressing mechanism, can polish the inner side of a turnout rail, has a larger polishing deflection angle, and can polish the main line of the rail, the turnout and other lines.

The translation mechanism further comprises a transverse moving guide post 2, a transverse moving guide sleeve 20 and a transverse moving driving mechanism 13, and the polishing unit frame 4 is movably arranged on the transverse moving guide post 2 through the transverse moving guide sleeve 20. The transverse guide pillar mounting frame comprises a transverse guide pillar outer beam 1 and a transverse guide pillar fixing beam 3, one end of the transverse guide pillar 2 is connected to the transverse guide pillar outer beam 1, and the other end of the transverse guide pillar 2 is connected to the transverse guide pillar fixing beam 3. The movable end of the traverse driving mechanism 13 is mounted on the polishing unit frame 4, and the fixed end is mounted on the traverse guide post fixing beam 3. The polishing unit frame 4 can be driven to move on the transverse guide post 2 by the transverse driving mechanism 13. The transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame comprises a transverse moving guide pillar outer beam 1 and a transverse moving guide pillar fixing beam 3, belongs to the frame body part on the upper portion of the steel rail polishing unit, two transverse moving guide pillars 2 are mounted on the transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame and penetrate through the first connecting beam 25, and can be fixed on the transverse moving guide pillar mounting frame through bolts, nuts or other modes. The polishing unit frame 4 is arranged on the transverse guide pillar 2, and the other end of the transverse guide pillar 2 on which the polishing unit frame 4 is arranged on the transverse guide pillar outer beam 1. The steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment has the advantages that the polishing unit frame 4 is designed in an open structure, and before the outer beam 1 of the transverse guide pillar is not installed, the polishing unit frame 4 can slide on the transverse guide pillar 2 or can be withdrawn wholly, so that the whole maintenance of the steel rail polishing unit is facilitated, and the maintenance performance of the whole polishing unit can be effectively improved. Meanwhile, the polishing motor 7 can be maintained after transversely moving towards the outer side and deflecting outwards for a certain angle.

The grinding unit frame 4 further comprises two arm supports 27 which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction and adopt a hollow crank arm structure, each arm support 27 comprises two rib plates 28 which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction, and the transverse guide sleeve 20 is connected to the upper parts of the two rib plates 28. The rib plate 28 and the transverse guide sleeve 20 are of an integrated structure formed by machining after assembly welding, machining precision can be guaranteed, and the technical defects that an existing polishing unit frame is complex in structure and troublesome to install due to the fact that a bolt splicing assembly mode is adopted can be overcome. The steel rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment is simple and exquisite in structure, and can meet the design requirement for miniaturization of the whole grinding unit. The polishing unit frame 4 adopts an open structural design, so that the whole structure is exquisite and simple, the limited space is utilized to the maximum extent, the occupied space of the polishing unit is smaller on the premise of meeting the actions of transverse movement, deflection, lifting movement and side pressure, the polishing unit is easier to maintain, and the maintenance performance of the polishing unit comprising a polishing motor is effectively improved. The polishing unit frame 4 is simple and reliable in structure, effective space can be fully utilized, the requirement of the design of a polishing motor with the inclination of 40 degrees to 90 degrees is met, and the technical problems that the large angle on the inner side cannot be polished and a turnout area cannot safely pass through are effectively solved.

The deflection mechanism further comprises a deflection drive mechanism 11, a deflection shaft 12, a first swivel arm 15 and a second swivel arm 17. The first and second swivel arms 15 and 17 are mounted to a swivel arm hole 29 at the lower portion of the sanding unit frame 4 through the swivel shaft 12. The yaw drive mechanism 11 has one end mounted on the sharpening unit frame 4 and the other end mounted on the second swivel arm 17. The deflection driving mechanism 11 is further arranged in the grinding unit frame 4, so that the effective space can be effectively utilized, and the volume of the steel rail grinding unit is reduced to the maximum extent. Wherein, the fixed end of the deflection driving mechanism 11 is arranged on the grinding unit frame 4, and the movable end is hinged on the second rotating arm 17. The second rotating arm 17 can be driven to rotate by taking the deflection shaft 12 as an axis through the deflection driving mechanism 11, so that the grinding motor 7 is driven to rotate around the deflection shaft 12, the grinding wheel 16 can deflect at different angular positions relative to the steel rail 50, meanwhile, under the cooperation of the transverse movement driving mechanism 13, the steel rail grinding unit can realize that the grinding wheel 16 forms an optimal grinding position relative to the steel rail 50, and the high-quality grinding of the steel rail 50 is realized. Wherein, the deflection driving mechanism 11 is provided with a displacement sensor mechanism, so that the angle deflection is more stable, the response speed is higher, and meanwhile, the risk that the driving mechanism is easy to fail due to the adoption of a single deflection driving mechanism can be effectively avoided. After the grinding motor 7 is installed, the included angle between the grinding wheel 16 and the steel rail 50 is controllable, and the splashing direction of the high-temperature scrap iron under grinding can be effectively ensured to be controllable.

The lateral pressure mechanism further comprises a lateral pressure driving mechanism 10, a lateral pressure driving mounting frame 24 and a lateral pressure driving connecting seat 26, one end of the lateral pressure driving mounting frame 24 is connected to the motor mounting back plate 8, the other end of the lateral pressure driving mounting frame is hinged to the fixed end of the lateral pressure driving mechanism 10, and the movable end of the lateral pressure driving mechanism 10 is connected to the motor swing frame 19. The side pressure driving mechanism 10 can drive the grinding wheel 16 to press on the steel rail 50 or separate from the steel rail 50. When the end face of the grinding wheel 16 is used for grinding, the lateral pressure driving mechanism 10 retracts to drive the grinding wheel 16 to press on the steel rail 50. When the grinding wheel 16 passes through the turnout area, the side pressure driving mechanism 10 pushes out the area which can drive the grinding wheel 16 to be separated from the steel rail by a distance of 5-8mm, so that the grinding wheel 16 can smoothly pass through the area which needs to be lifted for a short time and then fall down after the grinding wheel is lifted, such as a harmful space of the turnout. The rail grinding unit described in this embodiment is designed with the side pressure driving mechanism 10, the side pressure driving mechanism 10 can apply a pressure perpendicular to the end surface to the grinding wheel 16, and can control the grinding wheel 16 to perform an operation of side pressing the rail 50 or separating from the rail 50 in a guard rail and a basic small space range, so that not only can the safety, stability and reliability of the rail grinding unit in the process of grinding the turnout be ensured, but also the rail grinding unit can safely and effectively pass through the turnout area.

The lifting mechanism further comprises a lifting driving mechanism 6, a lifting guide sleeve 9 and lifting guide columns 14, the two lifting guide columns 14 are respectively arranged on a first rotating arm 15 and a second rotating arm 17, and the grinding motor 7 is arranged on a motor mounting back plate 8. The lifting guide sleeve 9 is arranged on the motor installation back plate 8, and a component formed by the grinding motor 7 and the motor installation back plate 8 is movably arranged on the lifting guide post 14 through the lifting guide sleeve 9. The upper end of the lifting guide post 14 is provided with a guide post upper fixing beam 21, one end of the lifting driving mechanism 6 is mounted on the guide post upper fixing beam 21, and the other end is mounted on a side pressure driving mounting frame 24. The rail that this embodiment described unit of polishing specifically adopts the elevating movement structure of two parallel guide pillars (being lift guide pillar 14) and four slider (being lift guide pin bushing 9) forms, can ensure the initial stage's of rail polishing quality of polishing, has effectively solved traditional unit of polishing lift motion resistance big, and constant power polishes the in-process and reacts hysteresis, and there is the technical problem of bounce with the rail contact in-process. Simultaneously, adopt and singly push down actuating mechanism, can solve and adopt two lift actuating mechanism easily to lead to actuating mechanism asynchronous, the action response is slow, the grindstone fall point scope is big, and the unit angle control of polishing is not accurate, inconvenient change grinding motor's technical problem for grindstone contact rail is softer in the twinkling of an eye, can also effectively solve traditional unit and the motor vibration of polishing too big, the lower technical problem of structural rigidity.

The movable end of the lifting driving mechanism 6 is mounted on the lateral pressure driving mounting frame 24, and the fixed end is mounted on the guide post upper fixed beam 21 through the lifting driving connecting seat 40. The lifting guide sleeve 9 can be driven to move on the lifting guide post 14 through the lifting driving mechanism 6, so that the polishing motor 7 is driven to move up and down on the lifting guide post 14. The first rotating arm 15 has one end connected to the lifting guide post 14 and the other end hinged to a rotating arm hole 29 at the lower part of the arm frame 27 through the deflection shaft 12. The middle part of the second rotating arm 17 is hinged in a rotating arm hole 29 at the lower part of the other side arm frame 27 through the deflection shaft 12, one end of the second rotating arm 17 is connected to the lifting guide post 14, and the other end is hinged at the movable end of the deflection driving mechanism 11. In this embodiment, specifically adopt single lift actuating mechanism, can solve and adopt two lift actuating mechanism easily to lead to actuating mechanism asynchronous, the unit angle control of polishing is not accurate to and inconvenient change polishing motor 7's technical defect. According to the steel rail polishing unit, the single-pressing driving mechanism is adopted, the polishing quality of a steel rail polishing initial stage can be ensured, the guide sleeve adopts the linear bearing, the effect of pressing the guide pillar and the guide sleeve is changed into rolling friction, the lifting resistance of the polishing motor is reduced, and the lifting and falling response speed during constant-power polishing and the integral falling point control precision of the polishing unit can be ensured.

The belt transmission mechanism 18 is connected with the grinding wheel 16 through a transmission box 34, and a connecting beam 25 is arranged between the transmission box 34 and the motor swing frame 19. As shown in fig. 5, the belt transmission mechanism 18 further includes a belt 30, a first belt pulley 31, a second belt pulley 32 and a third belt pulley 33, the rotating shaft of the grinding motor 7 is connected to the first belt pulley 31, the rotating shaft of the grinding wheel 16 is connected to the third belt pulley 33, and the first belt pulley 31, the second belt pulley 32 and the third belt pulley 33 are connected through the belt 30. The driving force of the grinding wheel 16 is driven by the belt transmission mechanism 18, so that the grinding wheel 16 can safely and reliably pass through a turnout grinding area. The transmission shafts of the grinding motor 7 and the grinding wheel 16 are driven by the belt 30, so that the rotating speed of the grinding wheel 16 can be adjusted, the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel 16 contacts the steel rail 50 can be reduced, and the service life of the grinding motor can be prolonged.

The rail grinding unit further comprises a motor locking device 5 arranged on the upper portion of the grinding unit frame 4, when the grinding motor 7 is in a high position and is not in a working state, the motor locking device 5 limits the grinding motor 7 not to fall down, and the running safety and the working reliability of the rail grinding unit can be effectively guaranteed. The motor locking device 5 includes a motor swing frame mounting seat 22, a rotating shaft 23, and a locking hook 41. The motor swing frame 19 is hinged with the motor mounting backboard 8 through a rotating shaft 23, and the motor swing frame mounting seat 22 is connected to the motor swing frame 19 through the rotating shaft 23. The motor swing frame mounting base 22 is fixed to the guide post upper fixing beam 21 by the locking hook 41.

As shown in fig. 3, an inner bushing 36 is further provided between the pivot shaft 12 and the second pivot arm 17, an outer bushing 35 is provided between the pivot shaft 12 and the rib 28, and the pivot shaft 12 is fixed by a lock washer 37 and a nut 38. A similar arrangement is provided between the deflection shaft 12 and the first pivot arm 15 on the other side, and the rib 28. All adopt bush structural design at the mounted position of deflection axle 12, the bush and deflection axle can be changed to the accessible after the bush wearing and tearing, can effectively prolong the life of the unit frame 4 of polishing when guaranteeing that polishing motor 7 steadily deflects, effectively avoid the motor vibration that the clearance problem that traditional bearing mounting means brought leads to.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lifting guide sleeve 9 further adopts a linear bearing (i.e. a rolling bearing), and the action of pressing down the guide pillar and the guide sleeve is changed into rolling friction, so that the lifting resistance of the polishing motor is reduced, and the lifting and falling response speed during constant-power polishing and the control precision of the integral falling point of the polishing unit can be ensured; a single push-down drive mechanism (i.e., a lift drive mechanism). The lifting driving mechanism 6 further adopts a lifting oil cylinder which is provided with a sensor and can control the falling height and accurately adjust the contact position of the grinding wheel 16 and the steel rail 50. The lateral pressure driving mechanism 10 further adopts a lateral pressure cylinder, and the technical problems that the traditional polishing unit and a motor have overlarge vibration and low structural rigidity can be effectively solved. The deflection driving mechanism 11 further adopts a deflection oil cylinder which is provided with a high-precision displacement sensor, the angle deflection is stable and reliable, the response speed is higher, and the deflection angle is controlled by a sensor arranged in the oil cylinder, so that the angle deflection is more accurate. Sideslip actuating mechanism 13 further adopts the sideslip electric cylinder, compares in sideslip hydro-cylinder mode, has better position control ability, can effectively promote the rail quality of polishing when realizing that the angle of polishing covers on a large scale. The grinding motor 7 adopts a lifting structure combined by guide pillars and guide sleeves, the distance between the upper ends of the guide pillars is a fixed structure, the lower end of the guide pillars is an adjustable structure, the problems that the existing grinding motor adopts a guide pillar mounting mode with a fixed distance, the requirement on the distance between upper and lower mounting holes of the guide pillars is higher, the requirement on the verticality of the combining surfaces of the guide pillars and the guide pillar mounting holes is high, the parallelism between two guide pillars is difficult to guarantee, the resistance is large and the unbalance loading is large in the up-down moving process, a certain height difference value needs to be guaranteed after the two guide pillars are mounted, the processing difficulty of a guide pillar mounting frame is large, the maintenance is difficult, and the like are solved. And the guide pin bushing of rail unit of polishing adopts the linear bearing structure for polishing motor 7 reciprocates more smoothly, ensures that constant power control is more effective in 7 working processes of polishing motor.

As shown in fig. 15 and 16, when the end face of the grinding wheel 16 is used for grinding (i.e. a butterfly wheel is used) the rail grinding unit can meet the requirement that the grinding motor 7 can grind at any angle between 40 degrees of deflection towards the inner side of the rail 50 and 90 degrees of deflection towards the inner side of the rail 50, and can effectively solve the problems that large angles on the inner side of the rail cannot be ground, a turnout area cannot pass safely and the like. As shown in fig. 17 and 18, when the outer circumferential surface of the grinding wheel 16 is used for grinding (i.e., a profile grinding wheel is used) the rail grinding unit can meet the grinding requirement that the grinding motor 7 can perform grinding at any angle between 45 ° deflection towards the inner side of the rail 50 and 20 ° deflection towards the outer side of the rail 50, and can completely meet various requirements of rail grinding.

The steel rail polishing unit described in the embodiment has the design of pressing, deflecting, transversely moving and laterally pressing mechanisms, is large in polishing angle range, simple and reliable in structure, and can fully utilize effective space. When the grinding wheel 16 is ground by adopting an end face (namely, a butterfly grinding wheel), the grinding wheel 16 can meet the requirement that the steel rail 50 is ground at any angle from 90 degrees inwards to 40 degrees inwards, and the technical problems that the large angle at the inner side of the steel rail cannot be ground, a turnout area cannot safely pass through and the like can be effectively solved. When the grinding wheel 16 is used for grinding by adopting an outer circumferential surface (namely, a profiling grinding wheel), any angle of grinding from 45 degrees inside to 20 degrees outside of the steel rail 50 can be met, the whole structure is exquisite and simple, the maintenance is easy, the occupied space is small, the technical problems of small deflection angle range, large volume and complex structure of the existing grinding unit are effectively solved, and various requirements of railway steel rail grinding can be completely met; the problems that large angles on the inner side cannot be polished, and turnout areas cannot safely pass through the turnout are effectively solved.

In the present embodiment, the lifting drive mechanism 6, the deflection drive mechanism 11, the lateral pressure drive mechanism 10, and the lateral movement drive mechanism 13 may be embodied as oil cylinders, air cylinders, electric cylinders, or the like. The guide sleeve and guide column combined structure of the lifting guide column 14 and the lifting guide sleeve 9, and the transverse guide column 2 and the transverse guide sleeve 20 can also adopt alternative structures such as guide rail and slider combination, gear and rack combination and the like to realize the function of a moving pair. It should be particularly noted that, although the traverse cylinder or the traverse cylinder may be used instead of the traverse cylinder, the lift cylinder may be used instead of the lift cylinder or the lift cylinder, the deflection cylinder may be used instead of the deflection cylinder or the deflection cylinder, and the lateral pressure cylinder may be used instead of the lateral pressure cylinder or the lateral pressure cylinder, the overall polishing effect is inferior to the preferred technical solution provided by the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention.

By implementing the technical scheme of the steel rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the following technical effects can be produced:

(1) the steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention has the design of a pressing, deflecting, traversing and side-pressing mechanism, is exquisite and simple in overall structure, easy to maintain, large in polishing angle range, and capable of fully utilizing effective space, and effectively solves the technical problems of small deflection angle range, large volume and complex structure of the conventional polishing unit; when the grinding wheel is used for grinding the end face, grinding at any angle of 40-90 degrees inside the steel rail can be met, and the problems that large angles on the inner side of the steel rail cannot be ground, cannot safely pass through a turnout area and the like can be effectively solved; when the grinding wheel is used for grinding the outer circumferential surface, the grinding wheel can meet the grinding of any angle from 45 degrees inside to 20 degrees outside the steel rail, and can completely meet various requirements of grinding the steel rail of the railway;

(2) the steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention adopts a lifting motion structure in the form of double parallel guide pillars and four sliding blocks, can ensure the polishing quality of the steel rail at the initial stage of polishing, and effectively solves the technical problems of large lifting motion resistance, reaction delay in the constant-power polishing process and bounce in the contact process with the steel rail of the traditional polishing unit; the technical problems that the driving mechanisms are asynchronous, the action response is slow, the falling point range of the grinding stone is large, the angle control of the grinding unit is not accurate, and the grinding motor is inconvenient to replace due to the fact that the double lifting driving mechanisms are adopted can be solved, and the moment when the grinding stone contacts the steel rail is softer;

(3) according to the steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention, a single downward pressing driving mechanism is adopted, the guide sleeve is a linear bearing, and the action between the downward pressing guide pillar and the guide sleeve is changed into rolling friction, so that the lifting resistance of a polishing motor is reduced, and the lifting and falling response speed during constant-power polishing and the overall falling point control precision of the polishing unit can be ensured;

(4) according to the steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the polishing unit frame is designed in an open structure, before the outer beam of the transverse guide pillar is not installed, the polishing unit frame provided with the polishing motor can slide on the transverse guide pillar or integrally withdraw from the transverse guide pillar, so that the whole maintenance of the steel rail polishing unit is facilitated, and meanwhile, the polishing motor can be maintained after transversely moving towards the outside and deflecting towards the outside for a certain angle, so that the maintenance performance of the whole polishing unit can be effectively improved;

(5) according to the steel rail polishing unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the deflection driving mechanism is provided with the displacement sensor mechanism, so that the angle deflection is more stable, the response speed is higher, the oil cylinder is arranged in the unit frame, the space can be effectively utilized, and the volume of the polishing unit is fully reduced; meanwhile, a lateral pressure cylinder is adopted to apply pressure perpendicular to the end face to the grinding stone, so that the grinding unit can effectively and safely pass through a turnout area; compared with a transverse oil cylinder mode, the transverse electric cylinder has better position control capability, and can effectively improve the rail polishing quality while realizing large-range coverage of the polishing angle;

(6) according to the steel rail grinding unit described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the driving force of the grinding wheel is driven by the belt, so that the grinding wheel can safely and reliably pass through a turnout grinding area; meanwhile, the grinding motor and the grinding wheel transmission shaft are in belt transmission, so that the rotating speed of the grinding wheel can be adjusted, the impact on the motor when the grinding wheel is in contact with a steel rail can be reduced, and the service life of the grinding motor is prolonged.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many changes and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or modify equivalent embodiments, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.