阅读说明：本技术 一种芯撑及使用方法 (Chaplet and using method ) 是由 戚梦林 何媛 宋亮 陈思明 何长义 刘志汉 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本申请涉及一种芯撑,用于铸件铸造,所述铸件包括铸件上部和铸件下部,其特征在于,包括芯撑垫、芯撑主体、芯撑连接件,所述芯撑垫固定设置在所述铸件下部,所述铸件上部设置有芯撑通道,所述芯撑连接件固定设置在所述芯撑通道中,且处于所述芯撑通道朝向所述芯撑垫的一端,所述芯撑主体和所述芯撑连接件连接配合,所述芯撑主体依次穿过所述芯撑通道和所述芯撑连接件与所述芯撑垫可抵接。本发明实施例公开的本发明方法简单可行,易操作,成功解决芯撑熔合不良的难题,可用于替代现行腔道类铸件的一次成型方法。使用本发明生产的铸件内腔表面光滑,铸件整体质量高；本发明芯撑中的金属部件可以多次使用、高度可以自由调节、成本低、效果好。(The utility model relates to a chaplet for the foundry goods casting, the foundry goods includes foundry goods upper portion and foundry goods lower part, its characterized in that props pad, chaplet main part, chaplet connecting piece including the core, the core props the pad and fixes the setting and be in the foundry goods lower part, foundry goods upper portion is provided with the chaplet passageway, the core props the fixed setting of connecting piece and is in the chaplet passageway, and be in the chaplet passageway orientation the core props the one end of pad, the chaplet main part with the cooperation is connected to the chaplet connecting piece, the core props the main part and passes in proper order the core prop the passageway with the core props the connecting piece with but the butt of pad. The method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is simple and feasible, is easy to operate, successfully solves the problem of poor fusion of the core support, and can be used for replacing the existing one-step forming method of cavity castings. The surface of the inner cavity of the casting produced by the method is smooth, and the overall quality of the casting is high; the metal part in the chaplet can be used for many times, the height can be freely adjusted, the cost is low, and the effect is good.)

1. A chaplet for use in casting of a casting, the casting including an upper casting portion and a lower casting portion,

comprises a core support pad, a core support main body and a core support connecting piece,

the core support pad is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the casting,

the upper part of the casting is provided with a core support channel,

the core support connecting piece is fixedly arranged in the core support channel and is positioned at one end of the core support channel facing the core support pad,

the chaplet main body is connected and matched with the chaplet connecting piece,

the core support main body sequentially penetrates through the core support channel and the core support connecting piece to be abutted with the core support pad.

2. The chaplet according to claim 1, wherein the chaplet connector comprises a chaplet sleeve and a connection auxiliary structure, the chaplet sleeve is close to one side of the chaplet pad, the connection auxiliary structure is located above the chaplet sleeve, and a flange structure is further arranged between the connection auxiliary structure and the chaplet sleeve.

3. The chaplet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the chaplet body comprises a cross bar, a chaplet rod and a chaplet head, the chaplet rod is of a rod-shaped structure, the cross bar is vertically connected above the chaplet rod, and the chaplet head is arranged below the chaplet rod.

4. A jammer as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that the connection aid is internally threaded.

5. A chaplet according to claim 3 or 4, wherein an internal thread is provided on the chaplet head, and an external thread is provided on the chaplet rod, the external thread matching the thread on the connection auxiliary structure and the internal thread on the chaplet head.

6. The chaplet of claim 4, wherein the diameter of the chaplet head is the same as the diameter of the chaplet rod, and the diameter of the chaplet sleeve is 0.5 mm to 1mm larger than the diameter of the chaplet head.

7. A chaplet according to claim 4, wherein the supporting surface area of the chaplet pad is 50 to 100 times the supporting surface area of the chaplet head.

8. A chaplet as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of chills are also provided in the upper and lower castings.

9. A method of using a chaplet according to claims 1-8,

carrying out three-dimensional modeling, simulating the pouring and solidifying processes, and determining the position and the size of a core support and the time parameter of moving the core support head to the core support sleeve;

screwing the core supporting rod into the connection auxiliary structure and sleeving the core supporting rod into the core supporting sleeve;

when modeling and core making are carried out, the core stay bar and the plurality of chilling parts in the steps are pre-buried and fixed in a sand mold, and the core stay pad and the plurality of chilling parts are fixed and pre-buried in a sand core;

fixing the core supporting head on the core supporting rod, adjusting the height of the core supporting rod, and then performing box assembling;

and during pouring, according to the time that the core support head moves to the core support sleeve determined in the step one, screwing the cross rod, moving the core support rod along a side far away from the sand core, and rotating the core support head into the core support sleeve.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of casting tools, in particular to a core support for casting, which is suitable for cavity castings.

Background

For some castings in high-end fields such as power generation, compressors, engines and the like, inner cavities through which gas flows pass usually need to be cast and integrally formed, the inner surfaces of the inner cavity walls usually need to be formed by an integral sand core in the casting process, the outer surfaces of the cavity walls are formed by sand molds, in order to guarantee the sealing performance of the whole inner cavities, the whole inner cavities usually only have openings in one direction, the structural design leads the connection points of the sand cores and the sand molds to be only in one direction, the sand cores are difficult to be accurately and stably fixed on the sand molds, and during casting and pouring, the sand cores are subjected to molten iron buoyancy displacement, so that the quality problems of skin penetration and skin thinness are caused. In the prior art, in order to solve the problem that the sand core is accurately and stably fixed on the sand mold, a chaplet made of steel or made of the same material as a casting is generally used for supporting the sand core. Because cavity type castings generally have the requirement of tightness, in order to solve the problem of poor fusion of the chaplets, the fusion promoting chaplets are selected. However, no matter what kind of core support is selected, the sealing performance of the casting cavity wall cannot reach an ideal state because the core support is not formed at one time. The other way for solving the problem of stable fixing of the sand core of the cavity-channel casting is to strengthen the core bar of the sand core and rigidly fix the sand core on the sand mold through the core bar. The most beneficial casting mode is to arrange a square door on the cavity wall, and the sand core is fixed by the square door and the sand mold, so that the processing and assembling cost of subsequent parts is too high, and the cavity channel cannot have ideal sealing performance.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the technical scheme, the core support solves the problems of position deviation, poor fusion and large use amount of the inner cavity sand core in casting in the prior art, greatly improves the quality of cavity channel castings, and particularly adopts the following technical scheme:

in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention discloses a core support, which is used for casting a casting, wherein the casting comprises a casting upper part and a casting lower part, and is characterized by comprising a core support pad, a core support main body and a core support connecting piece, wherein the core support pad is fixedly arranged at the casting lower part, a core support channel is arranged at the casting upper part, the core support connecting piece is fixedly arranged in the core support channel and is positioned at one end of the core support channel, which faces towards the core support pad,

the chaplet main body and the chaplet connecting piece are connected and matched, and the chaplet main body sequentially penetrates through the chaplet passage and the chaplet connecting piece and the chaplet pad and can be abutted.

In one embodiment, the core support connecting piece comprises a core support sleeve and a connection auxiliary structure, the core support sleeve is close to one side of the core support pad, the connection auxiliary structure is located above the core support sleeve, and a flange structure is further arranged between the connection auxiliary structure and the core support sleeve.

In one embodiment, the core support main body comprises a cross rod, a core support rod and a core support head, the core support rod is of a rod-shaped structure, the cross rod is vertically connected above the core support rod, and the core support head is arranged below the core support rod.

In one embodiment, the connection aid is internally provided with a thread.

In one embodiment, the core supporting head is provided with an internal thread, the core supporting rod is provided with an external thread, and the external thread is matched with the thread on the connection auxiliary structure and the internal thread on the core supporting head.

In one embodiment, the diameter of the core support head is the same as that of the core support rod, and the diameter of the core support sleeve is 0.5-1 mm larger than that of the core support head.

In one embodiment, the supporting surface area of the core supporting pad is 50 to 100 times of the supporting surface area of the core supporting head.

In one embodiment, a plurality of chilling elements are further arranged in the upper casting and the lower casting.

In a second aspect, the present invention discloses, in one embodiment, a method for using a chaplet, applied to the chaplet, including,

carrying out three-dimensional modeling, simulating the pouring and solidifying processes, and determining the position and the size of a core support and the time parameter of moving the core support head to the core support sleeve;

screwing the core supporting rod into the connection auxiliary structure and sleeving the core supporting rod into the core supporting sleeve;

when modeling and core making are carried out, the core stay bar and the plurality of chilling parts in the steps are pre-buried and fixed in a sand mold, and the core stay pad and the plurality of chilling parts are fixed and pre-buried in a sand core;

fixing the core supporting head on the core supporting rod, adjusting the height of the core supporting rod, and then performing box assembling;

and during pouring, according to the time that the core support head moves to the core support sleeve determined in the step one, screwing the cross rod, moving the core support rod along a side far away from the sand core, and rotating the core support head into the core support sleeve.

The method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is simple and feasible, is easy to operate, successfully solves the problem of poor fusion of the core support, and can be used for replacing the existing one-step forming method of cavity castings. The casting produced by the invention has smooth inner cavity surface and high integral quality. The metal component in the chaplet can be used for many times and has low cost. The high-temperature compressive strength of the core support is 5-15 times that of the traditional metal core support, and the diameter of the core support can be larger due to the fact that the core support is not fused, the using quantity of the core support is far smaller than that of the traditional core support, and even only one core support can be arranged at the central position of the core subjected to buoyancy.

The height of the chaplet can be freely adjusted, and the chaplet can be used in a certain range of wall thickness only by designing one type of chaplet, thereby successfully solving the problem that too many chaplets of different types are arranged at the uneven wall thickness part of the casting. Meanwhile, the invention successfully solves the problem that the sand core is excessively supported or cannot be supported due to the fixed height of the traditional chaplet because the wall thickness of the casting has certain deviation in the actual production process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a chaplet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a chaplet body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a chaplet connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of a chaplet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

description of reference numerals:

core support pad-100; chaplet body-200; core strut-210; core support head-220; a crossbar-230;

chaplet connector-300; core support sleeve-310; -a connection aid-structure-320; flange structure-330; a heightening flange-340; chaplet passage-400; a chill member-500; sand molding-610; a sand core-620; lumen-630.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "top," and the like are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a chaplet for a cavity internal casting, the casting includes an upper sand mold 610 and a lower sand core 620, an inner cavity 630 is disposed between the sand mold 610 and the sand core 620, the disclosed chaplet includes a chaplet pad 100, a chaplet main body 200, a chaplet connector 300, specifically, the chaplet main body 200 includes a chaplet rod 210, a chaplet head 220; the chaplet connector 300 includes a chaplet sleeve 310 and a connection assist structure 320. Referring to fig. 2, the casting includes a sand mold 610 and a sand core 620, wherein the chaplet pad 100 is fixedly disposed in the sand core 620, the sand mold 610 is provided with a chaplet passage 400, the chaplet sleeve 310 and the connection auxiliary structure 320 are fixedly disposed in the sand mold 610 below the chaplet passage 400, and the chaplet sleeve 310 is disposed at the lowest position of the sand mold 610. Specifically, the chaplet passage 400 is a cavity disposed in the sand mold 610, with the chaplet passage 400 being in an upper portion of the sand mold 610. Specifically, the chaplets of the present invention may be used with either sand cores or/sand molds or a combination of both.

In an alternative embodiment, the shape of the chaplet pad 100 may be a cylinder or a cube, in this embodiment, the chaplet pad 100 is a cylinder, and preferably, the thickness is 30mm to 50 mm; the core support cushion is made of a ceramic material with high-temperature compressive strength; the core support pad 100 has the function of dispersing the pressure of the core support head 220, preventing the core support head 220 from directly pressing on the sand mold to crush the sand mold.

In the embodiment disclosed by the invention, in the assembling state of the box, the core supporting rod 210 sequentially passes through the core supporting channel 400, the connection auxiliary structure 320 and the core supporting sleeve 310, the core supporting head 220 is provided with internal threads which are matched with the external threads on the core supporting rod 210, and the core supporting rod 210 and the core supporting head 220 are fixedly connected together in a threaded connection mode, so that the core supporting rod 210 and the core supporting head 220 can be connected into a whole and then can be abutted against the core supporting pad 100. Illustratively, in the casting position, the chaplet head 220 will move upward toward one end of the chaplet passage 400.

Further, the material of the core supporting rod 210 is preferably structural steel, which plays a role of supporting and moving the core supporting head. In this embodiment, the core support rod 210 is cylindrical, and the lower end of the core support rod 210 is provided with a section of external thread, specifically, the length of the external thread ensures that the core support head 220 can completely bottom the core support pad 100 and can move along the direction of the connection auxiliary structure 320 to move the core support head 220 out of the core support sleeve 310 during the casting process. Since the core support main body needs to be bottomed or moved out, the external thread provided on the core support rod 210 matches with the thread provided inside the connection auxiliary structure 320.

As can be seen from the above, the chaplet head 220 is disposed on the upper portion of the chaplet pad 100, and in order to achieve a good supporting effect, specifically, the center of the chaplet sleeve 310 is disposed in the same axial direction as the chaplet passage 400 and the chaplet body 200. Further, the core-supporting head 220 serves to support the sand mold or the sand core, so that the core-supporting head 220 should have sufficient high-temperature compressive strength and need a small thermal conductivity to ensure that the casting liquid does not rapidly solidify at the portion of the core-supporting head 220 during the casting process, meanwhile, the core support head 220 needs a smaller thermal expansion coefficient to ensure that the core support head does not move into the core support sleeve 310 due to thermal expansion, in this embodiment, the core support head is preferably made of a ceramic material, the core support head is a cylinder, the diameter of the core support head is preferably 20 mm to 100mm, it should be noted that the core support head 220 is arranged at the central part of the core support pad 100, in the assembling state of the box, the core support pad disperses the pressure of the core support main body, so the area of the support surface of the core support pad 100 is preferably 50-100 times of the area of the support surface of the core support head 220, and the specific times are determined according to the compressive strength ratio of the selected ceramic material and the sand mold.

In an alternative embodiment, during the casting process, the core support head 220 needs to be moved into the core support sleeve 310 under the driving of the core support rod 210, and the core support sleeve 310 serves to accommodate the core support head 220 and the core support rod 310 and prevent the core support head 220 and the core support rod 210 from being forced to damage the sand mold. In order to ensure that the core holding head 220 can move into the core holding sleeve 310 after being heated, the core holding sleeve 310 is preferably made of a ceramic material, and the inner diameter of the core holding sleeve 310 is 0.5 mm-1 mm larger than the diameter of the core holding head 220. More specifically, in the casting state, due to the surface tension of the casting liquid, the casting liquid does not enter the gap between the chaplet 220 and the chaplet 310, and therefore, the upper portion of the chaplet 310 is provided with a flange structure 330, and the flange structure 330 ensures that the chaplet 310 does not drop downward.

Further, the upper portion of the core support sleeve 310 is provided with the connection auxiliary structure 320, the connection auxiliary structure 320 may be in a shape of a cube or a cylinder, in this embodiment, a cylinder structure is selected, the material of the connection auxiliary structure 320 is preferably structural steel, the connection auxiliary structure 320 plays a role of fixing the core support rod, and the core support rod can be moved up and down by screwing the core support rod, so that the threads arranged inside the connection auxiliary structure 320 are matched with the threads arranged on the core support rod 210, and due to the arrangement of the thread structure, in order to ensure sufficient support strength, the heightening flange 340 is arranged above the connection auxiliary structure.

As can be seen from the above, the core supporting rod 210 needs to move up and down, and in order to move, the cross rod 230 is arranged on the upper portion of the core supporting rod, and is 100 mm-150 mm away from the top surface of the upper sand mold 610, and the cross rod is used for screwing the core supporting rod.

Based on the chaplet disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a method for using the chaplet, the disclosed method is applied to the chaplet in any embodiment, and the method for using the chaplet specifically comprises the following steps:

and S1, establishing a three-dimensional model of the product and the removable chaplet according to a drawing, simulating the pouring and casting solidification processes by adopting simulation software, calculating the high-temperature strength of the chaplet, and designing the position and the size of each part of the removable chaplet and the time point of the chaplet head 220 to be put into the chaplet sleeve 310. Simulation software is adopted to simulate the change of the temperature near the core support in the pouring and casting solidification processes, when the temperature around the core support is close to the liquidus temperature, all metal around the core support is in a liquid state, the solidification time is recorded, and at the time point, the core support rod 210 and the core support head 220 are quickly moved into the core support sleeve 310 through the screwing cross rod 230, so that the casting cavity wall which is formed in one step and has no foreign matter inclusion is obtained. Through simulation of actual simulation software, when the wall thickness of a casting is 30mm, a ceramic core support head 220 with the diameter of 24mm is used, and a carbon steel chilling part 500 with the diameter of 80mm is used, when the solidification time point of a liquidus line is close to the periphery of the core support, the casting at the chilling part 500 is completely solidified, the highest temperature of the core of the casting is 900-1000 ℃, the compressive strength of the casting at the solidification part is about 40-60 Mpa, and the chilling part 500 can bear the buoyancy of 256000-384000N to the maximum extent and can support the sand core.

S2, molding and core making, namely screwing the core support rod 210 into the connection auxiliary structure 320, sleeving the core support sleeve 310 on the core support rod 210, and embedding the core support rod 210, the core support sleeve 310, the connection auxiliary structure 320, the core support pad 100 and the chilling part 500 in the sand mold 610 and the sand core 620 according to the designed positions;

s3, assembling the box, namely fixing the core support head 220 on the core support rod 210, adjusting the height of the core support rod 210 according to the actual wall thickness of the core support part, and assembling the box after the height is properly adjusted;

s4: and (4) pouring, namely, after the pouring liquid is injected into the cavity, rapidly screwing the core holder head 220 into the core holder sleeve 310 according to the time point calculated in the step S1.

In the method of the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the chills 500 are fixed to the sand mold 610 and the sand core 620, and the chills 500 are fixed to the corresponding positions of the sand mold 610 and the sand core 620, respectively, and are provided in a set at each of the left and right positions of the chaplets. Specifically, the chilling part 500 can be arranged at a position 100 mm-200 mm away from the core support, and 2-6 groups can be arranged. The chill 500 is preferably carbon steel or gray cast iron, and the shape of the chill 500 is square or cylindrical. The thickness 500 of the chilling element is larger than the wall thickness of the casting at the position, and the contact area of the chilling element 500 and the casting is large enough. The chilling part 500 plays a role of rapidly chilling local molten iron, so that the casting liquid is solidified to support the sand core to replace a chaplet.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.