阅读说明：本技术 一种截齿及其制备方法、矿山机械 (Cutting pick, preparation method thereof and mining machinery ) 是由 毕贵军 张理 汪华 钟小兵 于 2021-09-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供一种截齿及其制备方法、矿山机械,所述截齿包括齿头、第一齿体、第二齿体、耐磨熔覆层和钎焊层,所述第一齿体和所述第二齿体组合形成齿体结构,所述齿体结构内形成适于容纳所述齿头的空腔,所述齿头适于卡入所述空腔内,且与所述第一齿体和所述第二齿体之间形成机械锁合结构,所述耐磨熔覆层熔覆于所述齿头、所述第一齿体和所述第二齿体表面,所述钎焊层位于所述齿头、所述第一齿体和所述第二齿体之间的连接处。本发明通过将齿头与齿体结构形成机械锁合,并通过钎焊层连接,提高齿头和齿体的结合强度,并避免齿体磨损后齿头易脱落的问题。另外,在截齿表面熔覆耐磨熔覆层可以增加截齿的耐磨性能,降低截齿的磨损速率,延长使用寿命。(The invention provides a cutting pick, a manufacturing method thereof and mining machinery, wherein the cutting pick comprises a pick head, a first pick body, a second pick body, a wear-resistant cladding layer and a brazing layer, the first pick body and the second pick body are combined to form a pick body structure, a cavity suitable for accommodating the pick head is formed in the pick body structure, the pick head is suitable for being clamped in the cavity and forms a mechanical locking structure with the first pick body and the second pick body, the wear-resistant cladding layer is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body, and the brazing layer is positioned at the connecting part of the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body. According to the invention, the tooth head and the tooth body structure form mechanical locking and are connected through the brazing layer, so that the bonding strength of the tooth head and the tooth body is improved, and the problem that the tooth head is easy to fall off after the tooth body is abraded is avoided. In addition, the wear-resistant cladding layer is cladded on the surface of the cutting pick, so that the wear resistance of the cutting pick can be improved, the wear rate of the cutting pick is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.)

1. The utility model provides a cutting pick, its characterized in that includes pick head (1), first pick body (2), second pick body (3), wear-resisting cladding layer (4) and brazing layer (5), first pick body (2) with second pick body (3) combination forms the pick body structure, form in the pick body structure and be suitable for holding the cavity of pick head (1), pick head (1) is suitable for the card to be gone into in the cavity, and with first pick body (2) with form mechanical locking structure between the second pick body (3), wear-resisting cladding layer (4) coat in pick head (1), first pick body (2) with second pick body (3) surface, brazing layer (5) are located the pick head (1), first pick body (2) with junction between the second pick body (3).

2. A cutting pick according to claim 1, wherein the portion of the pick head (1) adapted to fit into the cavity is provided in a conical or inverted T shape, the cavity being provided in a conical or inverted T shape matching the shape of the pick head (1).

3. A cutting pick according to claim 1, wherein the pick head (1) is tungsten carbide based cemented carbide and the first pick body (2) and the second pick body (3) are of 35CrMo alloy structural steel.

4. A cutting pick according to claim 1, wherein the wear resistant cladding layer (4) is an iron based amorphous alloy.

5. A cutting pick according to claim 4, wherein the wear resistant cladding layer (4) has a thickness of 1-3 mm.

6. A cutting pick manufacturing method for manufacturing a cutting pick according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a tooth head (1), a first tooth body (2) and a second tooth body (3) according to design requirements;

step two: coating brazing materials on the surfaces of the pick head (1), the first pick body (2) and the second pick body (3) which are in contact with each other, and embedding the pick head (1) into a cavity formed by the first pick body (2) and the second pick body (3) so as to assemble the pick head (1), the first pick body (2) and the second pick body (3) into a pick body;

step three: and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer (4) on the surface of the cutting pick body by using a laser cladding method, and forming a brazing layer (5) among the pick head (1), the first pick body (2) and the second pick body (3) by using heat generated by laser cladding while cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer.

7. A method of manufacturing a cutting pick according to claim 6, further comprising, prior to assembly of the pick head (1) and the first and second pick bodies (2, 3): carrying out modulation heat treatment on the first tooth body (2) and the second tooth body (3), wherein the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature.

8. The cutting pick preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the second step, the filling degree of the brazing material is not less than 95%.

9. The cutting pick preparation method according to claim 6, wherein in the third step, the laser cladding method parameters are as follows: the laser power is 300-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min.

10. A mining machine, comprising a cutting pick according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or a cutting pick produced by the cutting pick production method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a cutting pick, a preparation method of the cutting pick and the mining machinery.

Background

The cutting tooth for mining is a tool used for cutting coal and drilling rock on a coal mining machine, and the mechanical property of the cutting tooth directly influences the coal mining efficiency. At present, common cutting picks mainly comprise a cutter-type cutting pick and a pickaxe-type cutting pick, wherein the pickaxe-type cutting pick is simple in shape and easy to manufacture, coal planing can be clicked, the depth of cut is large, and the cutting pick can rotate around an axis during coal cutting to be automatically sharpened, so that the cutting pick is widely applied.

The working condition of the cutting pick is very harsh and belongs to a vulnerable part, and the abrasion failure is the most main form of cutting pick failure. Particularly for the pickaxe-shaped cutting pick, as the pick head is connected with the pick body by adopting the brazing technology, when the wear of the pick body around the pick head is serious, the holding force of the pick body is insufficient, the pick head is easy to be stressed and fall off, the service life of the pickaxe-shaped cutting pick is shortened, and the mining cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, the tooth body of the cutting tooth is quickly worn and the service life of the cutting tooth is short.

In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a cutting pick, including a pick head, a first pick body, a second pick body, a wear-resistant cladding layer and a brazing layer, where the first pick body and the second pick body are combined to form a pick body structure, a cavity adapted to accommodate the pick head is formed in the pick body structure, the pick head is adapted to be clamped in the cavity and form a mechanical locking structure with the first pick body and the second pick body, the wear-resistant cladding layer is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body, and the brazing layer is located at a connection position between the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body.

Preferably, the part of the tooth head suitable for being embedded into the cavity is provided with a conical shape or an inverted T shape, and the cavity is provided with a conical shape or an inverted T shape matched with the shape of the tooth head.

Preferably, the tooth head is made of tungsten carbide-based hard alloy, and the first tooth body and the second tooth body are made of 35CrMo alloy structural steel.

Preferably, the wear-resistant cladding layer is an iron-based amorphous alloy.

Preferably, the thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer is 1-3 mm.

According to the invention, the gear head, the first gear body and the second gear body form a mechanical locking structure, so that the gear head is fixed in the cavity formed by the first gear body and the second gear body, the problem that the gear head falls off due to the abrasion of the gear body around the gear head is avoided, and the firmness of connection between the gear head and the first gear body and the second gear body is further improved through the brazing layer. In addition, the wear-resisting property of the cutting pick can be improved by coating the wear-resisting cladding layer on the surface of the cutting pick, the wear rate of the cutting pick is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a cutting pick, which comprises:

the method comprises the following steps: preparing a tooth head, a first tooth body and a second tooth body according to design requirements;

step two: coating brazing materials on the surfaces, in contact with each other, of the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body, and embedding the pick head into a cavity formed by the first pick body and the second pick body so as to assemble the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body into a pick body;

step three: and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer on the surface of the cutting pick body by using a laser cladding method, and forming a brazing layer among the pick head, the first pick body and the second pick body by using heat generated by laser cladding while cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer.

Preferably, before the assembly of the tooth head and the first and second tooth bodies, the tooth head further comprises: carrying out modulation heat treatment on the first tooth body and the second tooth body, wherein the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature.

Preferably, in the second step, the fullness of the brazing material is greater than or equal to 95%.

Preferably, in the third step, the parameters of the laser cladding method are as follows: the laser power is 300-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min.

According to the invention, the tooth head is mechanically locked and connected with the first tooth body and the second tooth body, so that the tooth head is prevented from falling off due to abrasion of the tooth body, the tooth head, the first tooth body and the second tooth body are brazed by using heat of laser cladding while the abrasion-resistant cladding layer is laser-clad on the surface of the cutting tooth, the preparation process is simplified, the abrasion resistance of the cutting tooth is improved by cladding the abrasion-resistant cladding layer, and the service life is prolonged.

A further object of the invention is a mining machine comprising a cutting pick as described above.

According to the invention, by applying the cutting tooth to the mining machinery, the maintenance time and the maintenance cost of the mining machinery can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the mining machinery is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cutting pick according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of area A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the combination of the conical tooth head and the upper and lower tooth bodies according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the combination of the inverted T-shaped tooth head and the upper and lower tooth bodies in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the combination of the conical tooth head and the left and right tooth bodies in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the combination of the inverted T-shaped tooth head and the left and right tooth bodies in the embodiment of the present invention

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a preparation method in an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

1-a tooth head; 2-a first tooth body; 3-a second tooth body; 4-wear-resistant cladding layer; 5-a brazing layer; 6-a pick box.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.

The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings described above, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the invention provides a cutting pick, which comprises a pick head 1, a first pick body 2, a second pick body 3, a wear-resistant coating 4 and a brazing layer 5, wherein the first pick body 2 and the second pick body 3 are combined to form a pick body structure, a cavity suitable for accommodating the pick head 1 is formed in the pick body structure, the pick head 1 is suitable for being clamped in the cavity and forms a mechanical locking structure with the first pick body 2 and the second pick body 3, the wear-resistant coating 4 is cladded on the surfaces of the pick head 1, the first pick body 2 and the second pick body 3, and the brazing layer 5 is located at a joint between the pick head 1 and the first pick body 2 and the second pick body 3. The mechanical locking structure means that the tooth head 1 can enter a cavity formed by the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, and the tooth head 1 cannot be taken out without separating the first tooth body 2 from the second tooth body 3.

The cutting pick further comprises a cutting pick seat 6, the first pick body 2 and the second pick body 3 are fixed on the cutting pick seat 6, and the cutting pick can be installed on the coal mining tunneling equipment through the cutting pick seat 6.

Through forming mechanical locking structure with pick 1 and first tooth body 2, second tooth body 3, avoid appearing because the pick body wearing and tearing around the pick 1 lead to the problem that pick 1 drops to the fastness of being connected between pick 1 and first tooth body 2, the second tooth body 3 has further been improved through brazing layer 5. In addition, the wear-resisting cladding layer 4 is cladded on the surface of the cutting pick, so that the wear resistance of the cutting pick can be improved, the wear rate of the cutting pick is reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

The part of the tooth head 1 suitable for being embedded into the cavity is arranged to be conical or inverted T-shaped, the cavity is arranged to be conical or inverted T-shaped matched with the shape of the tooth head 1, and the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are arranged in an up-down opposite mode or in a left-right opposite mode.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are arranged oppositely up and down, the vertical section of the tooth head 1 is a conical or inverted T-shaped structure, a cavity with a conical or inverted T-shaped vertical section is correspondingly arranged on the first tooth body 2, the tooth head 1 is clamped into the cavity of the first tooth body 2, and then the tooth head 1 and the first tooth body 2 are fixed to the second tooth body 3, so that the mechanical locking can be realized.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are arranged oppositely left and right, the vertical section of the tooth head 1 is in a conical or inverted T-shaped structure, a cavity with a conical or inverted T-shaped vertical section can be formed after the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are matched, the tooth head 1 is clamped into the cavity, and the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are buckled together, so that mechanical locking can be achieved.

The material of the tooth head 1 is tungsten carbide-based hard alloy, and the material of the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 is 35CrMo alloy structural steel. The tungsten carbide hard alloy has good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, certain impact toughness and high strength, and the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the tooth head 1 can be improved by using the tungsten carbide hard alloy to manufacture the tooth head 1, so that the service life of the tooth head 1 is prolonged. The 35CrMo structural alloy steel has high static strength, impact toughness, high fatigue limit and low cost.

The wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is made of iron-based amorphous alloy. The iron-based amorphous alloy has a long-range disordered and short-range ordered atomic structure, has higher strength, hardness and wear resistance, and has lower cost. The thickness of the coating of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is 1-3mm, the thicker the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is, the better the wear resistance is, but the higher the cost is, and when the thickness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is 1-3mm, the higher the cost performance is.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a cutting pick, as shown in fig. 7, including:

step S1: preparing a tooth head 1, a first tooth body 2 and a second tooth body 3 according to design requirements;

step S2: brazing materials are coated on the surfaces, in contact with each other, of the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, the tooth head 1 is embedded into a cavity formed by the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, and the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 are assembled into a cutting pick body;

step S3: and cladding a wear-resistant cladding layer 4 on the surface of the cutting pick body by using a laser cladding method, and forming a brazing layer 5 among the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 by using heat generated by laser cladding while cladding the wear-resistant cladding layer 4.

In step S1, preparing the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2, and the second tooth body 3 according to the design requirements, and then performing modulation heat treatment on the obtained first tooth body 2 and second tooth body 3, where the process parameters of the modulation heat treatment are as follows: maintaining at 850 deg.C for 15min, cooling with oil to room temperature, maintaining at 550 deg.C for 120min, and cooling with water to room temperature. The material and performance of the alloy can be adjusted to a great extent by modulation heat treatment, and the strength and toughness of the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 can be improved, so that the service life of the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 is prolonged.

In step S2, in order to improve the connection strength between the tooth head 1 and the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, a layer of brazing material is uniformly applied to the surfaces of the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2, and the second tooth body 3 that are in contact with each other, and the filling degree of the brazing material is equal to or greater than 95%. The brazing structure and the mechanical property change little, the physical and chemical properties of the base metal are influenced little, the size precision of a weldment is easy to guarantee, the filling degree of brazing materials is set to be more than 95%, a welding part is free of air holes, the combination among the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 is firmer, and the welding strength is improved.

In step S3, when laser cladding is performed on the surface of the cutting pick, the brazing material is also melted by the high temperature generated by the laser cladding, so that the brazing connection among the pick head 1, the first pick body 2, and the second pick body 3 is realized. In the laser cladding process, the temperature of a molten pool can reach more than 2000 ℃ and exceeds the melting temperature of brazing materials, so that the brazing connection among the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 can be realized by utilizing the heat generated by the laser cladding, and the preparation process is simplified. Specifically, the parameters of the laser cladding method are as follows: the laser power is 300-1500W, the cladding speed is 0.3-1m/min, and the powder feeding speed is 3-5 g/min. The wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is coated by using a laser cladding method, the surface hardness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 can be improved, the thickness of the cladded wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is 1-3mm, the hardness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is more than or equal to 65HRC (Rockwell hardness), the hardness of the wear-resistant cladding layer 4 is improved, the wear resistance of the cutting tooth can be enhanced, and the service life is prolonged.

Firstly, the tooth head 1 is mechanically locked and connected with the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, then brazing materials are coated on the surfaces of the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 which are in mutual contact, and brazing is carried out, so that the connection stability of the tooth head 1, the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 can be further improved, the requirement on brazing is reduced due to the addition of the mechanical locking structure, and the brazing condition can be achieved by utilizing heat generated in the laser cladding process, so that the processing method is simplified, and the processing effect is improved. The tooth head 1 is mainly fixed in the cavity in a mechanical locking mode instead of a brazing connection mode, the brazing has the effect of further strengthening the connection relation between the tooth head 1 and the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 and connecting the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3, and the brazing connection strength is low due to the fact that the connection area of the first tooth body 2 and the second tooth body 3 is large, so that heat generated by laser cladding can meet the brazing requirement, and the brazing is not required to be carried out through independent heating.

Another embodiment of the invention is to provide a mining machine including the cutting pick.

By applying the cutting tooth to the mining machinery, the maintenance time and the maintenance cost of the mining machinery can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the mining machinery is improved.

Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.