阅读说明：本技术 一种降解酸酐固化环氧树脂材料制芳香多元醇的方法 (Method for preparing aromatic polyol from degradable anhydride cured epoxy resin material ) 是由 侯相林 张宁 邓天昇 于 2021-09-17 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于固体废弃物材料制备化学品技术领域,具体涉及一种降解酸酐固化环氧树脂材料制芳香多元醇的方法。本发明主要解决了目前降解酸酐固化环氧树脂方法中使用有机溶剂、降解过程需要对树脂进行预处理、降解成本高、分离方法复杂、产物无法分类回收等问题。本发明将水、碱性催化剂和溶胀促进剂配制成降解体系,将酸酐固化环氧树脂材料置于降解体系中进行反应；反应完成后,经过分离,得到高附加值芳香多元醇。本发明具有分离方法简便,降解体系便宜经济,产品具有较高经济价值优点。(The invention belongs to the technical field of chemicals prepared from solid waste materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing aromatic polyol from a degradable anhydride cured epoxy resin material. The invention mainly solves the problems that an organic solvent is used in the existing method for degrading anhydride cured epoxy resin, the resin needs to be pretreated in the degradation process, the degradation cost is high, the separation method is complex, the product cannot be classified and recycled, and the like. According to the invention, water, an alkaline catalyst and a swelling accelerator are prepared into a degradation system, and an anhydride curing epoxy resin material is placed in the degradation system for reaction; after the reaction is finished, the aromatic polyol with high added value is obtained through separation. The invention has the advantages of simple separation method, cheap and economic degradation system and higher economic value of the product.)

1. A method for preparing aromatic polyol by degrading anhydride cured epoxy resin material is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: preparing water, an alkaline catalyst and a swelling accelerator into a degradation system, and placing an anhydride curing epoxy resin material into the degradation system for reaction; after the reaction is finished, the aromatic polyol with high added value is obtained through separation.

2. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the basic catalyst includes inorganic bases and organic bases.

3. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the inorganic base is one or a mixture of more of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate and bicarbonate; the organic base is one or a mixture of more of quaternary ammonium base, amine compounds and nitrogen heterocyclic compounds.

4. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 3, wherein: the swelling accelerant is a substance containing both oleophilic groups and hydrophilic groups in molecules.

5. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the swelling accelerant is one or a mixture of more of higher fatty acid salt, sulfate, sulfonate, quaternary ammonium salt, amino acid, alkyl glucoside, fatty glyceride, polyhydric alcohol, phosphide, polyoxyethylene ether or polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer in any proportion.

6. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 5, wherein: the mass ratio of the anhydride curing epoxy resin to the water is 1: 2-50; the mass of the catalyst accounts for 0.5-20% of that of water in the degradation system; the mass of the swelling accelerant accounts for 0.01-5% of the mass of water in the degradation system.

7. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 6, wherein: the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material comprises pure anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, carbon fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, and glass fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes.

8. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 7, wherein: the reaction temperature of the degradation system is 110-200 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-12 h.

9. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 8, wherein:

when the anhydride curing epoxy resin material is pure anhydride curing epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower organic phase is recovered to obtain the aromatic polyol with high added value;

when the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material is carbon fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, carbon fibers and an organic phase in the system are positioned at the bottom layer, an upper water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the carbon fibers and the organic phase are removed; fully dissolving and washing the carbon fiber by using an organic solvent, drying to obtain recycled carbon fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain aromatic polyol with high added value;

when the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material is glass fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the glass fiber and the organic phase in the system are positioned at the bottom layer, the upper aqueous phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the glass fiber and the organic phase are removed; fully dissolving the mixture by using an organic solvent, washing the glass fiber, drying to obtain recovered glass fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain the aromatic polyol with high added value.

10. The method for preparing aromatic polyol from the degraded acid anhydride cured epoxy resin material according to claim 9, wherein: the organic solvent for dissolving the organic phase is one or a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of chemicals prepared from solid waste materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing aromatic polyol from a degradable anhydride cured epoxy resin material.

Background

The epoxy resin is a thermosetting resin with excellent comprehensive performance, and is widely applied to various fields such as electronic potting materials, advanced material set conforming to adhesive ethyl and the like. The cured epoxy resin is difficult to degrade in nature, so that a large amount of leftover materials generated in production and life cannot be recycled well, which not only wastes resources, but also causes the problem of environmental pollution.

The chemical recovery method is the most effective recovery method at present due to mild recovery conditions and high recovery rate. The poor swelling effect of water on anhydride-cured epoxy resin and the three-dimensional network structure of thermosetting resin make the degradation process of bulk resin in aqueous system more difficult. In recent research on selective catalytic degradation, the anhydride cured epoxy resin can realize the directional degradation process of the resin by selectively breaking ester bonds in the resin under mild conditions. But organic solvents are often required to promote resin swelling during this process. Patent CN 110157038 discloses a method for low-temperature rapid degradation and separation of high molecular resin containing ester bond, wherein the anhydride-cured epoxy resin needs to be crushed first, and the treated anhydride-cured epoxy resin needs to be degraded in alcohol, ketone and their aqueous solution. In the process, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is required to be crushed into solid powder of about 20 meshes in advance, and organic solvents such as alcohol, ketone and the like are required to participate in degradation reaction. Patent CN 111718515 discloses a method for catalyzing the degradation of anhydride-cured epoxy resin, which comprises configuring the anhydride-cured epoxy resin, a reaction solvent, and an organic acid catalyst into a degradation system to achieve the degradation of the anhydride-cured epoxy resin. However, under the action of the acidic catalyst, the degradation product is easy to be carbonized, and the product quality is low. In conclusion, although the method used at present can degrade the anhydride-cured epoxy resin, the problems that the degradation system contains organic solvent, the cost of the system is high, the pretreatment process is needed before the anhydride-cured epoxy resin is degraded, the high value-added degradation product is difficult to separate, or the separation process is complex and the like exist.

Meanwhile, the anhydride-cured epoxy resin raw material bisphenol A diglycidyl ether is often prepared by polymerizing bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, and the raw material is derived from fossil resources. Patent CN 105294992 discloses a preparation method of light-colored bisphenol a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, which is to mix bisphenol a and epichlorohydrin in a protective gas atmosphere to prepare bisphenol a glycidyl ether type epoxy resin. The reaction process is complex, and the raw material price is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a method for recycling aromatic polyol from a degraded anhydride-cured epoxy resin material, which has the advantages of lower solvent cost and simpler degradation and separation modes, aiming at the problems in the degradation of anhydride-cured epoxy resin and the preparation process of glycerol ether aromatic polyol.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for preparing aromatic polyol by degrading anhydride cured epoxy resin material comprises the following steps: preparing water, an alkaline catalyst and a swelling accelerator into a degradation system, and placing an anhydride curing epoxy resin material into the degradation system for reaction; after the reaction is finished, the aromatic polyol with high added value is obtained through separation.

Further, the high value-added aromatic polyol in the degradation product is a glycerol ether compound, and the type of the glycerol ether compound is one or more of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether and bisphenol S diglycidyl ether. The raw materials of reactants in the preparation process of the glycerol ether aromatic polyol are expensive, the reaction process is complex, the glycerol ether aromatic polyol is prepared by degrading the anhydride cured epoxy resin, the problem that thermosetting solid waste is difficult to treat at present is solved, and the economic and green method for preparing the glycerol ether aromatic polyol is provided. The idea of the invention is to add a swelling accelerant with a certain structure into an aqueous phase system, which has the functions of improving the wettability between resin and water, promoting the swelling process of the resin in the aqueous phase system, further promoting the diffusion of a catalyst in a resin body, and realizing the directional degradation of the resin in the aqueous phase under a mild condition. In the degradation system, a small amount of swelling accelerator can replace an organic solvent, and meanwhile, the dosage of the catalyst can be obviously reduced, and the catalytic degradation activity of a water-phase reaction system is provided. And because the solubility of the glycerol ether aromatic polyol in an aqueous phase system is lower, the degradation product can be separated more easily in the degradation system of the invention. Therefore, the degradation cost of the degradation system is obviously reduced, and the degradation product is easy to separate, so that the system has better social significance and economic value.

Further, the basic catalyst comprises inorganic base and organic base, the inorganic base is one or a mixture of several of metal oxide, hydroxide, carbonate and bicarbonate, such as sodium oxide, calcium oxide, potassium oxide, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, lithium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonia water and the like. The organic base is selected from one or more of quaternary ammonium base, amine compound, and nitrogen heterocyclic compound, such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, trimethylethylammonium hydroxide, betaine, diethylamine, triethylamine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, pyridine, and pyrimidine. The basic catalyst can hydrolyze ester bonds in the catalyzed resin.

Still further, the swelling accelerator is a substance containing both lipophilic groups and hydrophilic groups in molecules, and the swelling accelerator is one or a mixture of more of higher fatty acid salts, sulfates, sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, amino acids, alkyl glucosides, fatty acid glycerides, polyols, phosphides, polyoxyethylene ethers and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymers, such as stearic acid, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate tetramethylammonium chloride, tetramethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium chloride, tetraethylammonium bromide, lecithin, coco glucoside, lauryl glucoside, glyceryl monostearate, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, polysorbate, sorbitan fatty acid, sucrose esters, sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and ammonium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate. The swelling accelerator has amphiphilicity, and is often used as a surfactant to improve the wettability between the resin and water and accelerate the swelling of the resin.

Furthermore, the mass ratio of the anhydride curing epoxy resin to the water is 1: 2-50; the mass of the catalyst accounts for 0.5-20% of the mass of water in the system; the mass of the swelling accelerant accounts for 0.01-5% of the mass of water in the system. Too low water content to immerse the resin and too high water content to easily waste the catalyst and the swelling accelerator. The catalyst content is too low, the degradation effect of the anhydride curing epoxy resin is poor, the catalyst content is too high, side reactions are easy to occur, and the catalyst waste is caused. The content of the swelling accelerant is too low, the swelling promotion effect is poor, the content of the swelling accelerant is too high, the solubility of the degradation product in the aqueous solution is influenced, and the subsequent separation process is not facilitated.

Furthermore, the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material comprises pure anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, carbon fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, and glass fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes.

Furthermore, the reaction temperature of the degradation system is 110-200 ℃, and the reaction time is 2-12 h. The temperature range can realize the directional degradation of the anhydride cured epoxy resin in a water phase system, the carbon-carbon skeleton in the anhydride cured epoxy resin can be broken due to overhigh temperature, the swelling process of the resin in water is influenced due to overlow temperature, and the degradation of the resin is not facilitated. This time range allows the resin to be sufficiently degraded in the above temperature range.

Furthermore, when the anhydride cured epoxy resin material is pure anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower organic phase is recovered to obtain the aromatic polyol with high added value;

when the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material is carbon fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, carbon fibers and an organic phase in the system are positioned at the bottom layer, an upper water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the carbon fibers and the organic phase are removed; fully dissolving and washing the carbon fiber by using an organic solvent, drying to obtain recycled carbon fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain aromatic polyol with high added value;

when the anhydride-cured epoxy resin material is glass fiber reinforced anhydride-cured epoxy resin leftover materials and wastes, the separation process is that after the reaction is finished, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the glass fiber and the organic phase in the system are positioned at the bottom layer, the upper aqueous phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the glass fiber and the organic phase are removed; fully dissolving the mixture by using an organic solvent, washing the glass fiber, drying to obtain recovered glass fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain the aromatic polyol with high added value.

Furthermore, the organic solvent for dissolving the organic phase is one or a mixture of tetrahydrofuran, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and ethanol. The solvent can dissolve aromatic polyol, and has low boiling point and easy removal.

Furthermore, the anhydride curing agent in the anhydride curing epoxy resin is one or more of phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride, methyl nadic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride and modified substances thereof, dodecenyl succinic anhydride, poly adipic anhydride and poly azelaic anhydride.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the solvent is water, and no organic solvent participates in the reaction;

(2) the solvent is more green and the price is lower;

(3) the aromatic polyol can be completely recovered under the reaction system;

(4) the anhydride curing epoxy resin does not need to be subjected to pretreatment processes such as crushing or organic solvent soaking before degradation, and is directly aimed at the degradation of the block resin.

(5) The preparation method of the aromatic polyol is simple and convenient, has good economy, and can recycle the waste thermosetting resin.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of the structure of an anhydride-cured epoxy resin;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a high value-added bisphenol A diglycidyl ether;

FIG. 3 shows bisphenol A diglycidyl ether¹³C-NMR spectrum.

Detailed Description

Example 1

20g of water, 0.1g of sodium oxide and 0.002g of stearic acid are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of phthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover material is placed into the degradation system, and the reaction is carried out for 2 hours at 200 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (shown in figure 2 and figure 3).

Example 2

500g of water, 100g of calcium oxide and 25g of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of epoxy resin waste solidified by tetrahydrophthalic anhydride is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 12 hours at 110 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol F diglycidyl ether.

Example 3

100g of water, 4g of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and 5g of glycerol monostearate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of glass fiber methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin waste is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 7 hours at 135 ℃. After the reaction is finished, completely degrading the anhydride curing epoxy resin, reducing the temperature to room temperature, enabling the glass fiber and the organic phase in the system to be positioned at the bottom layer, removing the upper aqueous phase for the next degradation reaction, and removing the glass fiber and the organic phase; fully dissolving the mixture by using methanol, washing the glass fiber, drying the glass fiber to obtain recovered glass fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain bisphenol S diglycidyl ether.

Example 4

150g of water, 0.75g of tetraethylammonium hydroxide and 0.15g of polysorbate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of methyl hexahydrophthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin waste is placed into the degradation system and reacted for 5.5 hours at 145 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol F diglycidyl ether.

Example 5

250g of water, 15g of trimethyl ethyl ammonium hydroxide and 4.25g of sorbitan fatty acid are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of methylnadic anhydride cured epoxy resin waste is placed into the degradation system, and the reaction is carried out for 5.5h at 135 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol S diglycidyl ether.

Example 6

350g of water, 52.5g of pyridine and 1.75g of polyethylene glycol are prepared into a degradation system and reacted for 4 hours at 155 ℃. Placing 10g of carbon fiber reinforced poly adipic anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover material into a degradation system, completely degrading anhydride cured epoxy resin after the reaction is finished, reducing the temperature to room temperature, placing carbon fiber and organic phase in the system at the bottom layer, removing the upper water phase for the next degradation reaction, and removing the carbon fiber and the organic phase; fully dissolving the carbon fiber by using ethanol, washing the carbon fiber, drying to obtain recovered carbon fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Example 7

450g of water, 81g of diethylamine and 2.7g of polypropylene glycol are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of epoxy resin waste cured by the carbon fiber reinforced polyazelaic anhydride is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 4.5 hours at 160 ℃. After the reaction is finished, completely degrading the anhydride curing epoxy resin, reducing the temperature to room temperature, enabling carbon fibers and an organic phase in the system to be located at the bottom layer, removing the upper-layer water phase for the next degradation reaction, and removing the carbon fibers and the organic phase; and (3) fully dissolving and washing the carbon fiber by using methanol, drying to obtain recovered carbon fiber, and evaporating the organic solvent to obtain the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Example 8

480g of water, 2.4g of triethylamine and 1.92g of polyvinyl alcohol are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of dodecenyl succinic anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover material is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 11 hours at 140 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol F diglycidyl ether.

Example 9

20g of water, 0.5g of pyrrole and 0.6g of sucrose ester are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of epoxy resin leftover material solidified by trimellitic anhydride is placed into the degradation system, and the reaction is carried out for 9 hours at 170 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol F diglycidyl ether.

Example 10

100g of water, 0.8g of pyrazole and 0.1g of sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of phthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin waste is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 12 hours at 151 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper aqueous phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Example 11

200g of water, 6g of imidazole and 0.1g of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of epoxy resin waste solidified by tetrahydrophthalic anhydride is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 11.5 hours at the temperature of 152 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol S diglycidyl ether.

Example 12

300g of water, 10g of pyrimidine and 0.12g of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of epoxy resin leftover material solidified by hexahydrophthalic anhydride is placed into the degradation system and reacts for 9 hours at 190 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the water phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper layer of the water phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower layer of the organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol S diglycidyl ether.

Example 13

100g of water, 5g of diethylamine and 0.08g of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover material is placed in the degradation system and reacts for 11.5 hours at 151 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper aqueous phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Example 14

100g of water, 5g of betaine and 0.08g of dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether ammonium sulfate are prepared into a degradation system, 10g of methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride cured epoxy resin leftover material is placed into the degradation system, and the reaction is carried out for 11.5 hours at 151 ℃. After the reaction is finished, the anhydride curing epoxy resin is completely degraded, the temperature is reduced to room temperature, the organic phase and the aqueous phase in the system can realize self-separation, the upper aqueous phase is removed for the next degradation reaction, and the lower organic phase is recovered to obtain the bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be practiced without these specific details. Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.