阅读说明：本技术 一种三明治复合金属电解、沉积阴极板 (Sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate ) 是由 李广 石玗 朱珍文 顾玉芬 赵燕春 于 2021-10-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于有色金属湿法冶金领域,涉及一种铜、镍和锰等湿法电解、沉积阴极板。本发明三明治复合金属电解、沉积阴极板,主要包括导电杆和阴极极板。本发明中,导电杆中的铜与复合金属板中的铜连接,电阻和连接质量的可靠性显著优于传统铜-钢异种金属连接的不锈钢阴极板,同时制造工艺简单。采用不锈钢-铜-不锈钢三明治复合金属板作为阴极极板,电流经复合板铜层直接导通整个阴极极板,电流密度均匀,电解、沉积金属品质高。本发明阴极板在高密度电流工艺中具有不易短路、能耗低、生产效率高、服役可靠性和寿命大幅提高等优点。(The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal hydrometallurgy, and relates to a negative plate for wet electrolysis and deposition of copper, nickel, manganese and the like. The invention discloses a sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate, which mainly comprises a conducting rod and a cathode plate. In the invention, the copper in the conducting rod is connected with the copper in the composite metal plate, the reliability of the resistance and the connection quality is obviously superior to that of the traditional stainless steel cathode plate connected by copper-steel dissimilar metal, and the manufacturing process is simple. The stainless steel-copper-stainless steel sandwich composite metal plate is used as a cathode plate, current is directly conducted to the whole cathode plate through the copper layer of the composite plate, the current density is uniform, and the quality of electrolytic and deposited metal is high. The cathode plate has the advantages of difficult short circuit, low energy consumption, high production efficiency, greatly improved service reliability and service life and the like in a high-density current process.)

1. The utility model provides a sandwich composite metal electrolysis, deposit negative plate, mainly includes conducting rod and negative pole polar plate, its characterized in that: the negative plate and the negative plate are made of composite metal plates, the conducting rod is made of copper and steel, and the conducting rod is connected with the negative plate.

2. A cathode plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the composite metal plate is a stainless steel-copper-stainless steel sandwich composite metal plate.

3. A cathode plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conducting rod is prepared by coating red copper with a stainless steel sleeve.

4. A cathode plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the copper in the conducting rod is connected with the copper in the cathode plate, and the stainless steel sleeve in the conducting rod is connected with the stainless steel layer of the cathode plate.

5. A cathode plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein: pure metals such as tin, gold, silver, nickel and iron or alloys such as tin-copper, silver-copper, nickel-titanium and nickel-copper can be added between the stainless steel-copper and copper-stainless steel composite layers in the stainless steel-copper-stainless steel composite plate to form a multilayer composite plate.

6. A cathode plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: and (3) machining the conductive contact area of the conductive rod, namely the bottoms of the two sides of the conductive rod to remove the stainless steel cladding layer and expose the copper core, and machining the conductive contact area into an arc shape.

7. A cathode plate according to claim 3, characterized in that: all exposed end faces of copper and stainless steel interfaces in the conducting rod are welded and sealed, and two ends of the conducting rod are welded and sealed by stainless steel plates.

8. A cathode plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and all exposed end surfaces of the copper and stainless steel interfaces of the cathode plate are curled by stainless steel and welded and sealed, and no copper layer is exposed.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal hydrometallurgy, and relates to a negative plate for wet electrolysis and deposition of copper, nickel, manganese and the like.

Background

In the field of hydrometallurgy and in the traditional electrolytic and deposition refining process, a cathode usually adopts a starting sheet, the production flow is long, the efficiency is low, and the cost is high. With the development of wet refining production to scale, automation, low energy consumption, high quality and high efficiency, the permanent stainless steel cathode technology replaces the traditional starting sheet technology. The permanent stainless steel cathode technology has the advantages of repeated use of the stainless steel cathode, long service life, simple process flow, high current density, good quality of electrolytic copper, high production efficiency and the like. At present, large-scale wet refining projects built at home and abroad all adopt a permanent stainless steel cathode technology, but the manufacturing process of a high-performance cathode plate which is a core consumption part of the process is not well solved at home, and a large amount of the high-performance cathode plate needs to be imported from foreign countries. For example, the cost of a Jinchuan group copper smelter for importing permanent stainless steel cathode plates for three years exceeds 2 billion yuan RMB. Therefore, the manufacturing of the high-performance cathode plate with independent intellectual property rights has important engineering and economic significance.

The permanent stainless steel cathode plate is mainly made of a conducting rod and a stainless steel cathode plate which are connected through welding or machinery. In recent years, a great deal of research is carried out on the design and manufacture of permanent cathode plates in China, wherein the conducting rod in the cathode plate is a key core technology for producing and manufacturing the cathode plate. The conducting rod mainly has two structures of copper-clad steel and steel-clad copper. The copper-clad steel structure is characterized in that a copper layer is electroplated on the outer surface of a stainless steel pipe (used as a support), so that the resistance is small, the current efficiency is high, the manufacturing process is complex, the cost is high, and the service life of the copper layer is shortened due to easy corrosion, abrasion and collision. The steel ladle copper structure, the stainless steel cover (as support and protection) is wrapped to the copper pole outsourcing, and the service life is longer than copper clad steel structure. The outer layer stainless steel and the copper rod are compounded by adopting an advanced connection technology abroad, the bonding interface is metallurgical bonding, and the interface resistance is small; the cold rolling or interference fit compounding is adopted because the manufacturing process is immature in China, and the interface contact resistance is large. The steel-copper connection area of the conductive rod with the steel ladle copper structure is small, the interface resistance is large, and under the high current density process condition, the tank voltage is high, the negative plate generates heat seriously, and the current density distribution uniformity is poor, so that the quality of electrolysis and deposited metal, the service life of the negative plate and the electric efficiency are influenced.

Aiming at the defects of the manufacturing technology of the stainless steel cathode plate for the domestic nonferrous metal hydrometallurgy and simultaneously meeting the high current density electrolysis process, the invention provides the sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the manufacturing technology of the stainless steel cathode plate, the invention provides the cathode plate for wet electrolytic refining and deposition of copper, nickel, manganese and the like, which has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, energy conservation, high efficiency, long service life and capability of improving the product quality and is suitable for high-current density production.

The invention is completed by the following technical scheme.

The sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate mainly comprises a conducting rod and a cathode plate. The method is characterized in that: the negative plate and the negative plate are made of composite metal plates, the conducting rod is made of copper and stainless steel, and the conducting rod is connected with the negative plate.

The negative plate is characterized in that: the composite metal plate is a stainless steel-copper-stainless steel sandwich composite metal plate.

The negative plate is characterized in that: the conducting rod is prepared by coating red copper with a stainless steel sleeve.

The negative plate is characterized in that: the copper in the conducting rod is connected with the copper in the cathode plate, and the stainless steel sleeve in the conducting rod is connected with the stainless steel layer of the cathode plate.

The negative plate is characterized in that: pure metals such as tin, gold, silver, nickel and iron and alloys such as tin-copper, silver-copper, nickel-titanium and nickel-copper can be added between the stainless steel-copper and copper-stainless steel composite layers in the stainless steel-copper-stainless steel composite plate to form a multilayer composite plate.

The negative plate is characterized in that: and (3) machining the conductive contact area of the conductive rod, namely the bottoms of the two sides of the conductive rod to remove the stainless steel cladding layer and expose the copper core, and machining the conductive contact area into an arc shape.

The negative plate is characterized in that: all exposed end faces of copper and stainless steel interfaces in the conducting rod are welded and sealed, and two ends of the conducting rod are welded and sealed by stainless steel plates.

The negative plate is characterized in that: and all exposed end surfaces of the copper and stainless steel interfaces of the cathode plate are curled by stainless steel and welded and sealed, and no copper layer is exposed.

The sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the stainless steel-copper-stainless steel sandwich composite metal plate is used as the cathode plate, and the copper in the conducting rod is connected with the copper in the composite metal plate, so that the connection of a conductive part copper in the conducting rod in the traditional stainless steel cathode plate and a supporting part of stainless steel or dissimilar metal between the stainless steel cathode plate is avoided. The resistance and service reliability of the same metal copper-copper welding interface are obviously superior to those of a copper-steel welding or mechanical connection interface, and meanwhile, the manufacturing process is simple and the quality reliability is high.

2. According to the invention, the copper in the conducting rod is communicated with the copper layer in the sandwich composite metal cathode plate, and the current does not need to be transmitted to the cathode plate through the connecting interface between the conducting part copper core in the conducting rod and the supporting part stainless steel or the cathode plate like the traditional stainless steel cathode plate, so that the increase of the cell voltage and the heating of the cathode plate in the electrolysis and deposition processes are greatly reduced.

3. In the invention, the current is directly conducted to the whole cathode plate through the copper layer, the current density is uniform, the quality of the electrolytic and deposited metal is high, and the short circuit is not easy to occur in the production process.

4. The invention has the advantages of low energy consumption, high production efficiency, long service life of the cathode plate and the like in the high-current-density electrolysis and metal deposition processes.

5. In the present invention, the current has two transmission paths: the same current as the traditional stainless steel cathode plate is transmitted to the cathode plate through the red copper in the electric pole and is directly transmitted to the cathode plate through the conducting rod and the copper layer in the sandwich composite metal plate. The failure of the traditional stainless steel cathode plate is mainly caused by poor current conduction between the conducting rod and the cathode plate in the service process, so the service reliability and the service life can be obviously improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 11 conductive rods, 12 cathode plates, 21 braze welding, 22 laser welding, 31 braze sealing and 41 braze sealing.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in figure 1, the sandwich composite metal electrolysis and deposition cathode plate mainly comprises a conductive rod (11) and a cathode plate (12). The cathode plate is made of a high-conductivity stainless steel-copper-stainless steel composite plate, and the composite plate is made of 316L stainless steel with the thickness of 2mm, T2 red copper with the thickness of 1.5mm and 316L stainless steel with the thickness of 2 mm. One end of the composite board is machined to expose a 10mm high copper layer.

As shown in FIG. 2, the conductive rod is prepared by coating a copper core with a cross section of 30X 25mm with a stainless steel sleeve with a thickness of 3.5 mm. The copper core in the conducting rod is slotted and then embedded into the copper layer of the cathode plate, and is in brazed connection (21), and the stainless steel sleeve in the conducting rod is slotted and then is in laser welding connection (22) with the stainless steel layer of the cathode plate.

As shown in FIG. 3, the conductive contact area (ear) of the conductive rod, i.e. the bottom of the two sides of the conductive rod, is milled to remove the stainless steel cladding layer and expose the copper core, and is processed into an arc shape. All exposed end faces of copper and stainless steel interfaces in the conducting rod are sealed by brazing (31). The two ends of the conducting rod are welded and sealed by stainless steel plates so as to enhance the corrosion resistance.

As shown in FIG. 4, the exposed end face of the copper-stainless steel interface of the cathode plate is crimped with stainless steel and sealed by laser welding (41) without exposing the copper layer, thereby improving the corrosion resistance.