阅读说明：本技术 一种无砟轨道板质量检测装置 (Ballastless track plate quality detection device ) 是由 杨露 张明 刘志勇 张丽娟 郭敬业 于 2021-10-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种无砟轨道板质量检测装置；包括轨道板体、铁轨、小车、驱动机构；所述铁轨架设在混凝土浇筑的轨道板体上,通过在轨道上设置的小车,小车上车载检测系统对轨道板体进行质量检测；检测系统包括回弹锤和声传感器,回弹锤和声传感器连接有固定块,所述固定块连接有调节机构,所述调节机构的另一端设置在小车车体上；通过设置轨道小车,并且配和调节机构和检测系统,能够在铁轨上运行,并且能够无死角的进行桥敲击检测,通过分析得出检测结果,提高检测速率；通过对声波信号的特征提取和数据分析,增加脱空、断裂判断的精确性,从提高轨道交通运行的安全性。(The invention discloses a ballastless track plate quality detection device; comprises a track plate body, a rail, a trolley and a driving mechanism; the rail is erected on a concrete poured track plate body, and a vehicle-mounted detection system on the trolley detects the quality of the track plate body through the trolley arranged on the track; the detection system comprises a rebound hammer and an acoustic sensor, the rebound hammer and the acoustic sensor are connected with a fixed block, the fixed block is connected with an adjusting mechanism, and the other end of the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the trolley body; by arranging the rail trolley, the adjusting mechanism and the detection system, the rail trolley can run on a rail, bridge knocking detection can be carried out without dead corners, a detection result is obtained through analysis, and the detection speed is improved; through the characteristic extraction and data analysis of the sound wave signals, the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is increased, and the safety of the rail transit operation is improved.)

1. A ballastless track plate quality detection device; comprises a track plate body (1), a rail (2), a trolley (3) and a driving mechanism (5); the quality detection system is characterized in that the rails (2) are erected on track plate bodies (1) poured by concrete, and quality detection is carried out on the track plate bodies (1) through a trolley (3) arranged on the rails and an on-board detection system on the trolley (3); detecting system includes resilience hammer (16) and acoustic sensor (20), and resilience hammer (16) and acoustic sensor (20) are connected with fixed block (12), fixed block (12) are connected with adjustment mechanism, adjustment mechanism's the other end sets up on dolly (3) automobile body, be equipped with actuating mechanism (5) on dolly (3), dolly (3) bottom is equipped with a plurality of wheels (4), and a plurality of wheels (4) match side by side and set up on rail (2), and actuating mechanism (5) pass through motor drive and connect wheel (4), drive dolly (3) and move on rail (2).

2. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the adjusting mechanism comprises a first rotating block (6), the lower part of the first rotating block (6) is rotatably connected with a lower vehicle, a main arm (7) is connected to the upper end of the first rotating block (6), a second rotating block (8) is connected to the other end of the main arm (7), a large arm (9) is connected to the outer side wall of the second brick, a third rotating block (10) is connected to the other end of the large arm (9), a small arm (11) is connected to the other end of the third rotating block (10), and a fixed block (12) is rotatably connected to the end of the small arm (11).

3. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 2, wherein a shell (13) is arranged on one side of the fixed block (12), a telescopic rod (14) penetrates through the shell (13) from top to bottom, and the telescopic rod (14) penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the shell (13) and is in clearance sliding connection with the shell (13).

4. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 3, wherein a rebound hammer (16) is connected to the bottom end of the telescopic rod (14), a first spring (15) is sleeved at the middle position of the telescopic rod (14), the first spring (15) is arranged inside the shell (13), the upper end of the first spring (15) is connected with the telescopic rod (14), and the lower end of the first spring (15) is connected with the inner wall of the shell (13); the position, close to the top, of the telescopic rod (14) is connected with a linear motor (17) through a connecting rod, and the linear motor (17) is arranged inside the shell (13); linear motor (17) drive telescopic link (14) downstream, strike to reset through linear motor (17), reset the in-process, first spring (15) provide resilience force, make rebound hammer (16) reset fast.

5. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 2, wherein a fixing plate (18) is arranged on the other side of the fixing block (12), a round hole is formed in the fixing plate (18), a connecting rod (19) is arranged in the round hole, a sound sensor (20) is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod (19), a connecting plate (21) is connected to the upper end of the connecting rod (19), and the connecting rod (19) is in clearance sliding connection with the round hole of the fixing plate (18).

6. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 5, wherein a plurality of support rods (22) are arranged between the connecting plate (21) and the fixing plate (18), and the support rods (22) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the connecting rod (19); a plurality of second springs (23) are sleeved on the supporting rods (22), one ends of the second springs (23) are connected with the connecting plate (21), and the other ends of the second springs are connected with the fixing plate (18).

7. The ballastless track plate quality detection device of claim 1, wherein the detection system further comprises a data acquisition card, the data acquisition card strikes the track plate body (1) through the rebound hammer (16), and acquires the sound wave data through the sound sensor (20), the sound wave data is subjected to data analysis processing through the single chip microcomputer, whether the track plate body (1) has fracture and void faults or not is judged, and the processed data is stored for subsequent fault analysis.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of rail transit, and particularly relates to a quality detection device for a ballastless track plate.

Background

Concrete is the most common building material used in the world at present, has the advantages of economy, applicability, easy forming and the like, and is widely applied to large national economic infrastructure and national defense engineering of water conservancy, traffic, industrial civil buildings and the like. With the rapid development of civil and architectural engineering in recent years, the structure types become more and more complex, and the requirements on the safety performance of the structure become higher and higher.

Particularly, in the aspect of road and bridge construction, concrete plays an important role, but due to the properties of the concrete, different forms of defects are formed in the structural concrete due to factors such as construction management or environment, and the existence of the defects has different degrees of influence on the integrity, mechanical property and durability of the structure; the common track slab of the track traffic often slightly cracks and is empty, if the track slab is seriously empty, the track slab is cracked, the safety of the track traffic is seriously affected, the existing track slab has high signal reflectivity and most of signals are reflected and only a small part of signals are transmitted because a mortar layer is made of soft materials (the mortar layer is wrapped, a larger impedance difference exists between the track slab and the mortar layer, and when the existing track slab is empty, most of incident waves are diffracted through an area which is close to an empty area and the small part of the incident waves are reflected due to the wrapping materials, so that the propagation time of the waves is increased and the received signals are delayed, on the basis, the test signals are generally processed by a high-resolution frequency spectrum processing method MEM, the reflected signals at the position are extracted, and whether the empty exists on a contact surface is judged according to the strength of the energy of the reflected signals, but the detection steps of the method are complicated, the time consumption is long, the error of the empty judgment is large, and the judgment accuracy is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a ballastless track plate quality detection device which can run on a rail by arranging a track trolley, and a regulating mechanism and a detection system, can carry out bridge knocking detection without dead angles, obtains a detection result by analysis and improves the detection rate; through the characteristic extraction and data analysis of the sound wave signals, the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is increased, and the safety of the rail transit operation is improved.

The invention provides the following technical scheme:

a ballastless track plate quality detection device; comprises a track plate body, a rail, a trolley and a driving mechanism; the rail is erected on a concrete poured track plate body, and a vehicle-mounted detection system on the trolley detects the quality of the track plate body through the trolley arranged on the track; the detection system comprises a rebound hammer and an acoustic sensor, the rebound hammer and the acoustic sensor are connected with a fixed block, the fixed block is connected with an adjusting mechanism, the other end of the adjusting mechanism is arranged on a trolley body, a driving mechanism is arranged on the trolley, a plurality of wheels are arranged at the bottom of the trolley and are arranged on the rail in a parallel matching mode, and the driving mechanism is connected with the wheels through a motor to drive the trolley to move on the rail.

Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a first rotating block, the lower portion of the first rotating block is connected with the lower vehicle in a rotating mode, the upper end of the first rotating block is connected with a main arm, the other end of the main arm is connected with a second rotating block, the outer side wall of the second brick block is connected with a large arm, the other end of the large arm is connected with a third rotating block, the other end of the third rotating block is connected with a small arm, and the end portion of the small arm is connected with a fixed block in a rotating mode.

Preferably, one side of fixed block is equipped with the casing, the casing runs through from top to bottom and is equipped with the telescopic link, the telescopic link runs through the upper and lower both ends of casing, and with casing clearance sliding connection.

Preferably, the bottom end of the telescopic rod is connected with a rebound hammer, a first spring is sleeved at the middle position of the telescopic rod and arranged inside the shell, the upper end of the first spring is connected with the telescopic rod, and the lower end of the first spring is connected with the inner wall of the shell; the position, close to the top, of the telescopic rod is connected with a linear motor through a connecting rod, and the linear motor is arranged inside the shell; linear electric motor drives the telescopic link downstream, strikes to reset through linear electric motor, the in-process that resets, first spring provide the resilience force, make the resilience hammer reset fast.

Preferably, the other side of the fixed block is provided with a fixed plate, the fixed plate is provided with a round hole, a connecting rod is arranged in the round hole, the lower end of the connecting rod is connected with an acoustic sensor, the upper end of the connecting rod is connected with a connecting plate, and the connecting rod is in clearance sliding connection with the round hole of the fixed plate.

Preferably, a plurality of supporting rods are arranged between the connecting plate and the fixing plate, and the supporting rods are uniformly distributed on the peripheral side of the connecting rod; and a plurality of second springs are sleeved on the supporting rods, one ends of the second springs are connected with the connecting plate, and the other ends of the second springs are connected with the fixed plate.

Preferably, the detection system further comprises a data acquisition card, the data acquisition card strikes the track plate body through the rebound hammer, acquires sound wave data through the acoustic sensor, analyzes and processes the sound wave data through the single chip microcomputer, judges whether the track plate body has fracture and void faults, and stores the processed data for subsequent fault analysis.

Preferably, in order to comprehensively detect the track plate without dead angles, the first rotating block rotates for 270 degrees in a horizontal plane, and the rebound hammer is rotationally adjusted on the front side, the left side and the right side of the trolley; the second rotating block and the third rotating block rotate for 360 degrees in a vertical plane; the specific sizes of the adjusting mechanism are that a main arm =0.25a, a big arm =1.5a, and a small arm =2.15 a; in the formula, a is an adjusting coefficient carried out according to the width of the trolley, and the value range is 1.36-23.88; the stroke range of the first rotating block is (-3 pi/4-pi/4), the stroke range of the second rotating block is (-pi/2), and the stroke range of the third rotating block is (-pi/4-pi/5).

In addition, the detection method of the ballastless track plate quality detection device comprises the steps of S1, collecting data, knocking a track plate body through a set rebound hammer, recording knocking time by a controller, simultaneously collecting data through an acoustic sensor, recording sound wave collection time of the acoustic sensor by the controller, and calculating a wave velocity value; s2, extracting characteristics, extracting sound wave time domain and frequency domain data according to the sound waves of the collected rebound hammer, recording, and storing and outputting the recorded time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain; s3; data analysis, namely establishing a database for a recorded time domain, a recorded frequency domain and a recorded time-frequency domain through an STM32 single chip microcomputer, layering data characteristic signals according to the thickness and the wave velocity value of a track plate body, finding out the clustering center of each layer to obtain fewer fault sets, performing classifier training on each subclass, layering a new data set, repeating the steps, obtaining track plate body data after multiple classifications, and judging the falling and breaking conditions; the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is improved, so that the safety of the rail transit operation is improved.

During specific detection, 100 measuring points are arranged on the transverse surface of the track plate body at intervals of 20cm, a detection system is driven by a trolley to carry out detection, when the speed value is calculated, the distance between the rebound hammer and the sound sensor is L, the knocking time t1 of the rebound hammer is t, the sound wave collecting time of the sound sensor is t2, and the speed value c meets the condition that c = L/(t 2-t 1); according to the time of different measuring points recorded by the controller, the wave velocity value of each different measuring point side is obtained, data analysis processing is carried out on the wave velocity value, a detection result of the track plate body is obtained, whether the track plate body has phenomena of void and fracture is judged, the void and fracture positions are accurately judged according to the wave velocity value data of the different measuring points, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) according to the ballastless track plate quality detection device, the track trolley, the adjusting mechanism and the detection system are arranged, so that the track trolley can run on a rail, bridge knocking detection can be performed without dead corners, a detection result is obtained through analysis, and the detection speed is improved.

(2) According to the ballastless track plate quality detection device, the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is improved through the characteristic extraction and the data analysis of the sound wave signals, so that the running safety of track traffic is improved.

(3) According to the quality detection device for the ballastless track plate, the adjustment mechanism is limited, so that the dead-angle-free detection can be conveniently carried out on the track plate body in all directions, and the detection efficiency is further improved.

(4) According to the ballastless track plate quality detection device, the acoustic sensor acquires the limitation of the acoustic wave time through the wave velocity value, the distance between the rebound hammer and the acoustic sensor and the knocking time of the rebound hammer, whether the track plate body has phenomena of void and fracture is judged, the void and fracture positions are accurately judged according to the wave velocity value data of different measurement points, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection system of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the detection system of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a track plate body; 2. a rail; 3. a trolley; 4. a wheel; 5. a drive mechanism; 6. a first rotating block; 7. a main arm; 8. a second rotating block; 9. a large arm; 10. a third rotating block; 11. a small arm; 12. a fixed block; 13. a housing; 14. a telescopic rod; 15. a first spring; 16. a rebound hammer; 17. a linear motor; 18. fixing the plate; 19. a connecting rod; 20. an acoustic sensor; 21. a connecting plate; 22. a strut; 23. a second spring.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1-3, a ballastless track slab quality detection device; comprises a track plate body 1, a rail 2, a trolley 3 and a driving mechanism 5; the rail 2 is erected on a track plate body 1 poured by concrete, and a vehicle-mounted detection system on the trolley 3 detects the quality of the track plate body 1 through the trolley 3 arranged on the track; detecting system includes resilience hammer 16 and acoustic sensor 20, and resilience hammer 16 and acoustic sensor 20 are connected with fixed block 12, fixed block 12 is connected with adjustment mechanism, adjustment mechanism's the other end sets up on 3 automobile bodies of dolly, be equipped with actuating mechanism 5 on the dolly 3, 3 bottoms of dolly are equipped with a plurality of wheels 4, and a plurality of wheels 4 match the setting side by side on rail 2, and actuating mechanism 5 passes through motor drive and connects wheel 4, drives dolly 3 and removes on rail 2.

The adjusting mechanism comprises a first rotating block 6, the lower portion of the first rotating block 6 is connected with a lower vehicle in a rotating mode, the upper end of the first rotating block 6 is connected with a main arm (7), the other end of the main arm (7) is connected with a second rotating block 8, the outer side wall of a second brick is connected with a large arm 9, the other end of the large arm 9 is connected with a third rotating block 10, the other end of the third rotating block 10 is connected with a small arm 11, and the end portion of the small arm 11 is connected with a fixing block 12 in a rotating mode.

A shell 13 is arranged on one side of the fixed block 12, an expansion rod 14 penetrates through the shell 13 from top to bottom, and the expansion rod 14 penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the shell 13 and is in clearance sliding connection with the shell 13.

The bottom end of the telescopic rod 14 is connected with a rebound hammer 16, a first spring 15 is sleeved at the middle position of the telescopic rod 14, the first spring 15 is arranged inside the shell 13, the upper end of the first spring 15 is connected with the telescopic rod 14, and the lower end of the first spring 15 is connected with the inner wall of the shell 13; the position, close to the top, of the telescopic rod 14 is connected with a linear motor 17 through a connecting rod, and the linear motor 17 is arranged inside the shell 13; linear motor 17 drives telescopic link 14 downstream, strikes to reset through linear motor 17, the in-process that resets, first spring 15 provide the resilience force, make rebound hammer 16 reset fast.

The other side of fixed block 12 is equipped with solid board 18, gu board 18 has seted up the round hole, is equipped with connecting rod 19 in the round hole, the lower extreme of connecting rod 19 is connected with acoustic sensor 20, and the upper end of connecting rod 19 is connected with connecting plate 21, connecting rod 19 and the round hole clearance sliding connection of solid board 18.

A plurality of supporting rods 22 are arranged between the connecting plate 21 and the fixing plate 18, and the supporting rods 22 are uniformly distributed on the peripheral side of the connecting rod 19; a plurality of second springs 23 are sleeved on the supporting rods 22, one ends of the second springs 23 are connected with the connecting plate 21, and the other ends of the second springs 23 are connected with the fixed plate 18.

Example two:

on the basis of the first embodiment, the adjusting mechanism comprises a first rotating block 6, the lower part of the first rotating block 6 is rotatably connected with a lower vehicle, the upper end of the first rotating block 6 is connected with a main arm (7), the other end of the main arm (7) is connected with a second rotating block 8, the outer side wall of the second brick is connected with a large arm 9, the other end of the large arm 9 is connected with a third rotating block 10, the other end of the third rotating block 10 is connected with a small arm 11, and the end part of the small arm 11 is rotatably connected with a fixed block 12; in order to facilitate the detection of the rail plate body 1 without dead angles in all directions, the first rotating block 6 rotates for 270 degrees in a horizontal plane, and the rotation adjustment of the rebound hammer 16 is performed on the front side, the left side and the right side of the trolley 3; the second rotating block 8 and the third rotating block 10 rotate 360 degrees in a vertical plane; the specific sizes of the adjusting mechanism are that a main arm (7) =0.25a, a large arm 9=1.5a, and a small arm 11=2.15 a; in the formula, a is an adjusting coefficient according to the width of the trolley 3, and the value range is 1.36-23.88; the stroke range of the first rotating block 6 is-3 pi/4-pi/4, the stroke range of the second rotating block 8 is-pi/2, and the stroke range of the third rotating block 10 is-pi/4-pi/5.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 4, on the basis of the first embodiment, the detection system further includes a data acquisition card, the data acquisition card strikes the track plate 1 through the rebound hammer 16, acquires the sound wave data through the sound sensor 20, performs data analysis processing on the sound wave data through the single chip microcomputer, determines whether the track plate 1 has a fracture or a void fault, and stores the processed data for subsequent fault analysis.

A detection method of a ballastless track plate quality detection device comprises the steps of S1, data acquisition, wherein a track plate body 1 is knocked through a set rebound hammer 16, a controller records knocking time, data acquisition is carried out through an acoustic sensor 20, the controller records the time of sound wave acquisition of the acoustic sensor 20, and the wave velocity value is calculated; s2, extracting characteristics, namely extracting sound wave time domain and frequency domain data according to the sound waves collected from the rebound hammer 16, recording, and storing and outputting the recorded time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain; s3; data analysis, namely establishing a database for a recorded time domain, a recorded frequency domain and a recorded time-frequency domain through an STM32 single chip microcomputer, layering data characteristic signals according to the thickness and the wave velocity value of the track plate body 1, finding out the clustering center of each layer to obtain fewer fault sets, performing classifier training on each subclass, layering a new data set, repeating the steps, obtaining the data of the track plate body 1 after multiple classifications, and judging the falling and breaking conditions; the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is improved, so that the safety of the rail transit operation is improved.

During specific detection, 100 measuring points are arranged on the transverse surface of the track plate body 1 at intervals of 20cm, the trolley 3 drives the detection system to detect, when the wave speed value is calculated, the distance between the rebound hammer 16 and the sound sensor 20 is L, the knocking time t1 of the rebound hammer 16 is t2, and the wave speed value c meets c = L/t2-t 1; according to the time of different measuring points recorded by the controller, the wave velocity value of each different measuring point side is obtained, data analysis processing is carried out on the wave velocity value, the detection result of the track plate body 1 is obtained, whether the track plate body 1 has phenomena of void and fracture is judged, the void and fracture positions are accurately judged according to the wave velocity value data of the different measuring points, and the detection accuracy is further improved.

The device obtained by the technical scheme is a ballastless track plate quality detection device, can run on the rail 2 by arranging the track trolley 3, and matching with the adjusting mechanism and the detection system, can perform bridge knocking detection without dead angles, obtains a detection result by analysis, and improves the detection rate; through the characteristic extraction and data analysis of the acoustic wave signals, the accuracy of the judgment of the separation and the fracture is increased, so that the safety of the rail transit operation is improved; by limiting the adjusting mechanism, the dead-angle-free detection can be conveniently carried out on the track plate body 1 in all directions, and the detection efficiency is further improved; through to wave velocity value, the distance between rebound hammer 16 and acoustic sensor 20, the strike time of rebound hammer 16, acoustic sensor 20 gathers the limited of sound wave time, judges whether track plate body 1 has the phenomenon of coming to the air, fracture to according to the wave velocity value data of different measuring points, the accurate position of coming to the air, fracture of accurate judgement, further promote the accuracy nature that detects.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention; any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.