阅读说明：本技术 一种建筑结构物垂直度定量评价方法 (Quantitative evaluation method for perpendicularity of building structure ) 是由 李朋 郑利涛 张健 刘朝阳 韦安铭 郭学亚 许纪平 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提出了一种建筑结构物垂直度定量评价方法,解决了现有测量过程复杂、测量效率低的技术问题。其步骤为：首先,利用移动终端设备采集建筑物图像；其次,利用Image-J软件对建筑物图像进行外轮廓线锐化处理,得到建筑物外轮廓线；然后,通过Image-J软件采集建筑物外轮廓线的坐标,输出采样点坐标值；最后,计算建筑物外轮廓线的垂直长度和同一竖直方向的建筑物外轮廓线的水平坐标差值,并根据垂直长度与最大水平坐标差值计算建筑物的垂直度。本发明将建筑结构物的垂直度测量转化为手机终端测量,减少了现场实际环境的限制；本发明借助于图像处理软件进行图像统计分析,做到了实时、定量评价建筑结构物垂直度,节省了人工费用、效率高、精度好。(The invention provides a method for quantitatively evaluating the verticality of a building structure, which solves the technical problems of complex measurement process and low measurement efficiency in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring a building image by utilizing mobile terminal equipment; secondly, carrying out outer contour line sharpening processing on the building Image by using Image-J software to obtain an outer contour line of the building; secondly, acquiring coordinates of the outer contour line of the building through Image-J software, and outputting coordinate values of sampling points; and finally, calculating the difference value of the vertical length of the outer contour line of the building and the horizontal coordinate of the outer contour line of the building in the same vertical direction, and calculating the perpendicularity of the building according to the difference value of the vertical length and the maximum horizontal coordinate. The invention converts the verticality measurement of the building structure into the mobile phone terminal measurement, thereby reducing the restriction of the actual environment on site; the invention carries out image statistical analysis by means of image processing software, realizes real-time and quantitative evaluation of the verticality of the building structure, saves labor cost, and has high efficiency and good precision.)

1. A method for quantitatively evaluating the verticality of a building structure is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, acquiring building images by using the mobile terminal equipment;

s2, carrying out outer contour line sharpening processing on the building Image by using Image-J software to obtain an outer contour line of the building;

s3, collecting coordinates of the outer contour line of the building through Image-J software, and outputting coordinate values of sampling points;

and S4, calculating the difference value between the vertical length of the outer contour line of the building and the horizontal coordinate of the outer contour line of the building in the same vertical direction, and calculating the verticality of the building according to the difference value between the vertical length and the maximum horizontal coordinate.

2. The method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, a mobile terminal device with a plumb aligner function is used to keep the perpendicular of the mobile terminal device and the perpendicular of the building parallel to each other, the building is positioned in the middle of the image, and the image is numbered according to the corresponding actual building in the actual project, so that the actual building corresponds to the building in the image.

3. The method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the building Image is introduced into Image-J software, and the building Image is sharpened by using a "sharp" function of the Image-J software to highlight the outer contour line of the building in the building Image.

4. The method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the outer contour line of the building is marked by using a Multi-point coordinate marking function of Image-J software, the bottom and the top of the building are marked by coordinates, the middle of the building is marked, and the coordinate values of the sampling points of the outer contour line of the building are obtained by using a Measure function of the Image-J software.

5. The method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure according to claim 4, wherein in step S4, the method for calculating the vertical length of the building comprises:

subtracting the vertical coordinate values of the bottom and top of the building: y is | y2-y1| where y1 is the vertical coordinate of the top of the building, y2 is the vertical coordinate of the bottom of the building, and Δ y is the vertical length of the building;

the method for calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction comprises the following steps:

calculating the average value of horizontal coordinate values x1, x2,. and xn of n sampling points in the same vertical direction:screening out the maximum value x from the horizontal coordinate values x1, x2_maxAnd the minimum value x_minAnd calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction:

6. the method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure according to claim 5, wherein in step S4, the perpendicularity D of the building is as follows: d ═ Δ x/Δy.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of building engineering, in particular to a method for quantitatively evaluating the verticality of a building structure.

Background

In the field of building engineering, the perpendicularity of members such as scaffold upright posts, tower cranes, columns, column templates and the like is used as an important index for visually evaluating the appearance quality, safety performance and stability performance of a building structure, how to establish a quantitative evaluation method for quickly and accurately acquiring the perpendicularity of the building structure is important for ensuring that the building engineering is finished smoothly, safely and efficiently in advance and in the future.

With the continuous development and progress of science and technology, the technology for detecting the perpendicularity of the building structure still stays at the original technical stage, the basic principle is that the line is enabled to droop close to the structure naturally under the action of earth gravity, and the scale of the upper part and the lower part is measured horizontally by using a ruler, so that the perpendicularity is obtained. Such principles are applied to a template perpendicularity detection device disclosed in patent application "perpendicularity detection ruler" (CN 99227642) by rukele et al, a perpendicularity measurement device disclosed in patent application "perpendicularity measurement device" (CN 05910592) by von gey et al, a construction perpendicularity detection device and detection method disclosed in patent application "construction perpendicularity detection device and detection method" (CN 111207731) by yinling et al.

Wen suo lin et al in patent application "a pole setting straightness detection method" (CN 104197888) applied image processing technology, utilized an image acquisition equipment, shot the pole setting that needs to detect the straightness that hangs down, obtained the digital image of pole setting, then based on the roughly image area of display device compression display, regard every h pixel of image after compressing as a horizontal bar, to every horizontal bar vertical projection acquisition locating point, select the straight line that suitable locating point was fit out to project to distance and normal space, found the normal direction and distributed the peak value, solved the pole setting straightness.

The existing verticality detection method has the following defects:

(1) measurement tools and processes are complex, not portable, and subject to limitations in the field measurement environment, such as: the measurement efficiency is low due to narrow space, high wind speed, large component size and the like;

(2) the measuring personnel need climb to the top of a tall building structure with the help of additional tools, and great potential safety hazards and unknown risks are caused to the measuring personnel.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a simple, safe and efficient quantitative evaluation method for the verticality of the building structure based on computer and mobile phone camera shooting technologies, and solves the technical problems of complex measurement process and low measurement efficiency in the prior art by the principle that space vertical lines are parallel to each other.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a method for quantitatively evaluating the verticality of a building structure comprises the following steps:

s1, acquiring building images by using the mobile terminal equipment;

s2, carrying out outer contour line sharpening processing on the building Image by using Image-J software to obtain an outer contour line of the building;

s3, collecting coordinates of the outer contour line of the building through Image-J software, and outputting coordinate values of sampling points;

and S4, calculating the difference value between the vertical length of the outer contour line of the building and the horizontal coordinate of the outer contour line of the building in the same vertical direction, and calculating the verticality of the building according to the difference value between the vertical length and the maximum horizontal coordinate.

In step S1, the mobile terminal device with the plummet function is used to keep the vertical line of the mobile terminal device parallel to the vertical line of the building, the building is located in the middle of the image, and the image is numbered according to the corresponding actual building in the actual project, so that the actual building corresponds to the building in the image.

In step S2, the building Image is imported into Image-J software, and the building Image is sharpened by the "sharp" function of the Image-J software to highlight the outer contour of the building in the building Image.

In step S3, the Multi-point coordinate marking function of the Image-J software is used to mark the outer contour line of the building, the coordinates of the bottom and top of the building are marked first, the middle of the building is marked, and the coordinate values of the sampling points of the outer contour line of the building are obtained through the "Measure" function of the Image-J software.

In step S4, the method for calculating the vertical length of the building includes:

subtracting the vertical coordinate values of the bottom and top of the building: y is | y2-y1| where y1 is the vertical coordinate of the top of the building, y2 is the vertical coordinate of the bottom of the building, and Δ y is the vertical length of the building;

the method for calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction comprises the following steps:

calculating the average value of horizontal coordinate values x1, x2,. and xn of n sampling points in the same vertical direction:screening out the maximum value x from the horizontal coordinate values x1, x2_maxAnd the minimum value x_minAnd calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction:

in step S4, the perpendicularity D of the building is: d ═ Δ x/Δy.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) the invention breaks through the traditional gravity plumb line method, keeps the obtained camera shooting component and the actual building parallel to each other on the vertical plane through the terminal equipment with the plumb aligner so as to keep the equal proportion scaling, simplifies the operation steps and realizes the data processing of the building structure verticality measurement; compared with the existing actual field measurement technology of the verticality, the method converts the verticality measurement of the building structure into mobile phone terminal measurement, and reduces the limitation of the field actual environment and the occurrence of human errors;

2) when the verticality of the building structure is acquired, the portable mobile phone terminal is used for shooting the building structure, particularly a tall building structure which is difficult to climb and measure, according to a certain standard, and image statistical analysis is performed by means of image processing software, so that the verticality of the building structure is evaluated in real time and quantitatively, the labor cost is saved, the efficiency is high, and the precision is good; and moreover, the difference between the outer contour line of the building structure and the outer region is distinguished by utilizing the sharpening function of software, and the place with larger perpendicularity difference in the region is accurately obtained through fixed-point measurement.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an original structure image taken by a mobile phone with a plummet function according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is an Image of the structure after the Image-J software has performed the "sharpening" process on the structure of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an Image of the structure after the "multi-point marking" function of fig. 3 is processed by Image-J software.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for quantitatively evaluating the perpendicularity of a building structure, which vertically takes a photo of the structure by using a mobile phone with a plummet function; importing the photo into Image-J software, and processing the photo to obtain horizontal and vertical coordinate values (xn, yn) of each point on the outer contour line of the structure; calculating the maximum horizontal value x of the same outer contour perpendicular line of the structure_maxMinimum level value x_minAnd the average value thereofThe maximum deviation value delta x is divided by the vertical length of the structure to obtain the verticality D, and then the verticality allowable error standard of each structure is compared to judge whether the error of the structure is too large. The photo of the building structure is shot by a portable mobile phone according to the standard that the photo is parallel to the vertical line of the structure, the image is processed and analyzed by computer software, and the verticality D is obtained according to the statistic value of each coordinate point. Compared with the traditional evaluation method, the method has the advantage of converting the tedious manual labor into simple data processing. The method comprises the following specific steps:

s1, acquiring building images by using the mobile terminal equipment;

in step S1, the mobile terminal device with the plummet function is used to keep the vertical line of the mobile terminal device parallel to the vertical line of the building, the building is located in the middle of the image, and the image is numbered according to the corresponding actual building in the actual project, so that the actual building corresponds to the building in the image.

S2, carrying out outer contour line sharpening processing on the building Image by using Image-J software to obtain an outer contour line of the building;

in step S2, the building Image is imported into Image-J software, and the building Image is sharpened by the "sharp" function of the Image-J software to highlight the outer contour of the building in the building Image.

S3, collecting coordinates of the outer contour line of the building through Image-J software, and outputting coordinate values of sampling points;

in step S3, the Multi-point coordinate marking function of the Image-J software is used to mark the outer contour line of the building, the coordinates of the bottom and top of the building are marked first, the middle of the building is marked, and the coordinate values of the sampling points of the outer contour line of the building are obtained through the "Measure" function of the Image-J software.

And S4, calculating the difference value between the vertical length of the outer contour line of the building and the horizontal coordinate of the outer contour line of the building in the same vertical direction, and calculating the verticality of the building according to the difference value between the vertical length and the maximum horizontal coordinate.

In step S4, the method for calculating the vertical length of the building includes:

subtracting the vertical coordinate values of the bottom and top of the building: y is | y2-y1| where y1 is the vertical coordinate of the top of the building, y2 is the vertical coordinate of the bottom of the building, and Δ y is the vertical length of the building;

the method for calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction comprises the following steps:

calculating the average value of horizontal coordinate values x1, x2,. and xn of n sampling points in the same vertical direction:screening out the maximum value x from the horizontal coordinate values x1, x2_maxAnd the minimum value x_minAnd calculating the horizontal coordinate difference of the outer contour lines of the buildings in the same vertical direction:

in step S4, the perpendicularity D of the building is: d ═ Δ x/Δy.

The hardware and software used in the specific example are: (1) millet 8 youth edition, 2400 ten thousand pixels; (2) Image-J software.

The operation steps are as follows: and opening the high-pixel camera mobile phone with the functions of the plummet, and taking a picture of the concrete cylinder to be detected to obtain the picture data of the concrete cylinder. The length of the shot vertical line is shown in fig. 2, the verticality is displayed to be 0 through the mobile phone vertical collimator, the whole picture of the verticality of the building structure to be detected is shot vertically and horizontally, and the model of the building structure is marked.

The processed building structure picture is imported into Image-J software, and as shown in fig. 3, the picture is sharpened by using a sharpening function carried by the software, so that the outer edge contour line of the building component is displayed more clearly.

In Image-J software, the function of marking Multi-point coordinates is utilized to observe the more prominent points in the same outline of the component in the photo. As shown in fig. 4, the bottom and the top of the outer edge line are marked to obtain X1 and X2 points, respectively, and then the points are marked one by one in X1 and X2 to obtain the horizontal coordinate values of X3, X4, X5, X6 and X7 in sequence.

Through the "Measure" function of the software, the (X, y) coordinate values in the photo are obtained, and as shown in table 1, the X1 point coordinate values are (X1, y1), and the X2 point coordinate values are (X2, y 2).

TABLE 1 coordinates of sample points for the outer contour of a building

The vertical length Δ y of the outer edge line is obtained by subtracting the vertical coordinate values of the bottom and top points, i.e., Δ y ═ y2-y1| -, 1525.25, and the average value is obtained from the horizontal values x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6, and x7 of the 7 pointsScreening out the maximum value x from the 7 horizontal values_maxX3 and a minimum value x_minX6 and is processed as followsAnd obtaining the maximum difference value delta x of the horizontal of the same outer edge contour line.

And obtaining the verticality D of the building structure which is equal to delta x and delta y which is equal to 0.2 percent.

In summary, other similar building structures can obtain the verticality of the building structure by the method.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.