阅读说明：本技术 一种多级甲醇加热装置及工作方法 (Multistage methanol heating device and working method ) 是由 程勇 张宁 孙嘉泽 刘静远 于 2021-03-25 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种多级甲醇加热装置和工作方法,包括并列设置的发生管和空气进气管,发生管内具有至少两级加热发生室,每一级加热室分别与空气进气管连接,每一级加热发生室均具有甲醇喷油器,除最后一级加热发生室不具有加热棒外,其余各级加热发生室均具有加热棒。采用多级加热的方式利用少量甲醇燃烧的热量来加热下一级的甲醇,降低了甲醇汽化的初始启动能量,降低了电池的负载。(The invention relates to a multistage methanol heating device and a working method thereof, which comprises a generating pipe and an air inlet pipe which are arranged in parallel, wherein at least two stages of heating generating chambers are arranged in the generating pipe, each stage of heating chamber is respectively connected with the air inlet pipe, each stage of heating generating chamber is provided with a methanol oil sprayer, and the rest stages of heating generating chambers are provided with heating rods except the last stage of heating generating chamber without the heating rods. The method adopts a multi-stage heating mode to heat the methanol at the next stage by using the heat generated by the combustion of a small amount of methanol, thereby reducing the initial starting energy of the vaporization of the methanol and reducing the load of the battery.)

1. A multistage methanol heating device is characterized in that: including the generating tube and the air intake pipe that set up side by side, have at least two-stage heating in the generating tube and take place the room, each level heating room respectively with air intake pipe connection, each level heating takes place the room and all has the methyl alcohol sprayer, except that last level heating takes place the room and does not have the heating rod, all the other heating of all levels take place the room and all have the heating rod.

2. The multi-stage methanol heating apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the air outlet of the first-stage heating generation chamber is connected with the air inlet of the next-stage heating generation chamber, and the air outlet of the last-stage heating generation chamber is connected with the engine cylinder.

3. The multi-stage methanol heating apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the generating pipe is in a nested structure of all stages of heating generating chambers, the volume of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the previous stage of heating generating chamber, and the diameter of the inlet of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the outlet of the previous stage of heating generating chamber.

4. A multistage methanol heating apparatus as defined in claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the inlet of each stage of heating generation chamber is larger than that of the outlet of the stage of heating generation chamber, the diameter of each stage of heating generation chamber is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of methanol, and the diameter of the generation pipe is gradually reduced along with the increase of the stages of the heating generation chambers.

5. The multi-stage methanol heating apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the methanol fuel injector and the heating rod in each stage of heating generation chamber are both connected with the controller.

6. The multi-stage methanol heating apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and the methanol ejectors in the heating generation chambers at all levels are respectively connected with outlets of methanol oil rails, and the methanol oil rails are connected with a methanol tank through a methanol pump.

7. A method of operating a device according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

step 1: starting a methanol pump, supplying the methanol pump to each stage of methanol oil injectors respectively, and sequentially starting each stage of methanol oil injectors by receiving instructions of a controller;

step 2: starting a first-stage heating rod, and igniting the methanol in the first-stage heating generation chamber;

and step 3: methanol in the first-stage heating generation chamber is combusted, waste gas carrying heat enters the second-stage heating generation chamber, and air is sucked into the second-stage heating generation chamber;

and 4, step 4: the methanol in the second-stage heating generation chamber is heated and vaporized by the heat generated after the first-stage methanol is combusted, the methanol is ignited by a heating rod of the second-stage heating generation chamber, the waste gas carrying the heat enters the next-stage heating generation chamber, and meanwhile, air is sucked into the next-stage heating generation chamber;

and 5: and (4) repeating the step (4) until the combusted methanol enters the last-stage heating generation chamber, heating the methanol sprayed out of the last-stage heating generation chamber to be vaporized, mixing the vaporized methanol with air, and then entering the engine.

8. The method of operation of claim 7, wherein: before the step 1 is started, the air inlet pipe is started, and air enters the generating pipe through the air inlet pipe.

9. The method of operation of claim 7, wherein: the starting time of the heating rod of the next-stage heating generation chamber is later than that of the heating rod of the previous-stage heating generation chamber.

10. The method of operation of claim 7, wherein: the methanol injection quantity of the methanol oil injector of the next-stage heating generation chamber is larger than that of the methanol oil injector of the previous-stage heating chamber.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of methanol internal combustion engines, in particular to a multistage methanol heating device and a working method.

Background

The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.

Methanol as a new internal combustion engine fuel has the advantages of low price, environmental protection and high thermal efficiency, and is widely applied as a substitute fuel in the field of internal combustion engines. However, methanol has a problem of difficult cold start in practical application environment, because the latent heat of vaporization of methanol is about three times that of diesel oil and gasoline, methanol will begin to vaporize only by absorbing more heat before vaporization, the latent heat of vaporization is high, so that methanol which is not completely vaporized is absorbed on an air inlet passage and can not enter a cylinder, so that the fuel supply of an engine is insufficient, the dynamic property is reduced, and the heat absorption of liquid methanol which enters the cylinder and is not vaporized can also reduce the heat efficiency.

At present, diesel oil or gasoline is generally adopted for igniting or heating methanol in an internal combustion engine adopting methanol as fuel, but water is generated in the reaction stage of the methanol, so that a gasoline nozzle is condensed and blocked, and the cold start effect is poor. When the electric heating device is used for heating, the required energy is high, the voltage on the automobile is provided by the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the output voltage is fixed, the high energy means large current, and the service life of the storage battery is influenced by large current.

The existing diesel engine and gasoline engine can have a better starting characteristic in cold starting no matter whether air inlet channel injection or in-cylinder direct injection is carried out, but the larger latent heat of vaporization of methanol is large because of large latent heat of vaporization, and the refrigerating starting performance is deteriorated no matter whether air inlet channel injection or in-cylinder direct injection is carried out. After methanol change, the economics are improved, but the cold start performance is still poor because of the large latent heat of vaporization. The poor vaporization of methanol during normal driving causes the cycle variation of the vehicle, the vehicle speed is unstable, and the power performance is insufficient.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a multistage methanol heating device and an operating method thereof. The first stage of heating uses a heating rod to heat independently to provide the energy for methanol vaporization, the vaporized methanol is mixed with air and ignited by the heating rod, the heat generated by combustion expands the waste gas, and the methanol in the next stage is heated continuously.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a multistage methanol heating device, which comprises a generating pipe and an air inlet pipe which are arranged in parallel, wherein at least two stages of heating generating chambers are arranged in the generating pipe, each stage of heating chamber is respectively connected with the air inlet pipe, each stage of heating generating chamber is provided with a methanol oil sprayer, and the rest stages of heating generating chambers are provided with heating rods except the last stage of heating generating chamber without the heating rods.

The air outlet of the first heating generation chamber is connected with the air inlet of the next heating generation chamber, and the air outlet of the last heating generation chamber is connected with the engine cylinder.

The generating pipe is in a nested structure of each stage of heating generating chamber, the volume of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the previous stage of heating generating chamber, and the diameter of the inlet of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the outlet of the previous stage of heating generating chamber; the diameter of the inlet of each stage of heating generation chamber is larger than that of the outlet of the stage of heating generation chamber, the diameter of each stage of heating generation chamber is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of methanol, and the diameter of the generation pipe is gradually reduced along with the increase of the stages of the heating generation chambers.

The methanol fuel injector and the heating rod in each stage of heating generation chamber are both connected with the controller.

And each stage of methanol ejector is respectively connected with an outlet of a methanol oil rail, and the methanol oil rail is connected with a methanol tank through a methanol pump.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a working method of the above multistage methanol heating apparatus, comprising the steps of:

step 1: starting a methanol pump, supplying the methanol pump to each stage of methanol oil injectors respectively, and sequentially starting each stage of methanol oil injectors by receiving instructions of a controller;

step 2: starting a first-stage heating rod, and igniting the methanol in the first-stage heating generation chamber;

and step 3: methanol in the first-stage heating generation chamber is combusted, waste gas carrying heat enters the second-stage heating generation chamber, and air is sucked into the second-stage heating generation chamber;

and 4, step 4: the methanol in the second-stage heating generation chamber is heated and vaporized by the heat generated after the first-stage methanol is combusted, the methanol is ignited by a heating rod of the second-stage heating generation chamber, the waste gas carrying the heat enters the next-stage heating generation chamber, and meanwhile, air is sucked into the next-stage heating generation chamber;

and 5: and (4) repeating the step (4) until the combusted methanol enters the last-stage heating generation chamber, heating the methanol sprayed out of the last-stage heating generation chamber to be vaporized, mixing the vaporized methanol with air, and then entering the engine.

Before the step 1 is started, the air inlet pipe is started, and air enters the generating pipe through the air inlet pipe.

The starting time of the heating rod of the next-stage heating generation chamber is later than that of the heating rod of the previous-stage heating generation chamber.

The methanol injection quantity of the methanol oil injector of the next-stage heating generation chamber is larger than that of the methanol oil injector of the previous-stage heating chamber.

Compared with the prior art, the above one or more technical schemes have the following beneficial effects:

the methanol is heated by a multi-stage heating mode, the methanol at the next stage is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of a small amount of methanol, the initial starting energy of the vaporization of the methanol is reduced, and the load of a battery is reduced.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. an air inlet end; 2. an air inlet pipe; 3. a first stage heat generation chamber; 4. a first stage methanol injector; 5. a first stage heating rod; 6. a second stage methanol injector; 7. a second stage heating rod; 8. a third stage methanol injector; 9. a third stage heating generation chamber; 10. a methanol tank; 11. a methanol pump; 12. a methanol oil rail; 13. a controller; 14. the second stage heats the generation chamber.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.

It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As described in the background, a methanol engine burns a mixture of methanol vapor and air, methanol is liquid at normal temperature and has relatively high latent heat of vaporization (about three times that of diesel oil or gasoline), methanol absorbs more heat before vaporization and then gradually vaporizes, and this characteristic causes poor cold start performance of the methanol engine and requires more heat input before methanol combustion to complete the start cycle of the whole engine system.

Therefore, the structure and the working method of the multistage methanol heating device are provided in the following embodiment, the heating rod is used as the heating device of each stage to heat and vaporize the methanol entering the heating generation chambers of each stage of the generation pipe, the waste gas carrying heat after being ignited by the heating rod is used as the heating device of the next stage of the heating generation chamber, the nested structure is adopted in the heating generation chambers of each stage, the diameter of the outlet of the generation chamber is gradually reduced, the flow rate of the waste gas is increased, the pressure is reduced, more and more air can be sucked to help combustion, correspondingly, more and more methanol fuel can be sprayed in the subsequent heating processes of several stages, and finally the mixture of the heated methanol and the heated air is sent to an engine cylinder.

The first embodiment is as follows:

a multi-stage methanol heating device comprises a generating pipe with at least two stages of heating generating chambers, wherein a first stage methanol fuel injector 4 and a first stage heating rod 5 are arranged in a first stage heating generating chamber 3, the injected methanol provides the energy for vaporizing the methanol by utilizing the first stage heating rod 5, and the vaporized methanol is ignited; the heat of the second stage methanol evaporation is provided by the first stage methanol combustion, the heating chambers of the second stage and the later stages are provided with fuel by corresponding methanol oil injectors, the heating rods in the heating generation chambers of the stages are responsible for igniting the mixed gas, the subsequent energy of the methanol evaporation is generated by the combustion of the mixed gas of the previous stage, the heating rod is not arranged in the heating chamber of the last stage, only the methanol oil injector is adopted, and the amount of the methanol injected by the oil injector is the amount of the methanol entering the engine cylinder.

As shown in fig. 1, a multistage methanol heating device comprises a generating pipe and an air inlet pipe 2 which are arranged in parallel, at least two stages of heating generating chambers are arranged in the generating pipe, each stage of heating chamber is respectively connected with the air inlet pipe 2, each stage of heating generating chamber is provided with a methanol injector, and the rest heating generating chambers are provided with heating rods except that the last stage of heating generating chamber is not provided with the heating rods.

The air outlet of the first heating generation chamber is connected with the air inlet of the next heating generation chamber, and the air outlet of the last heating generation chamber is connected with the engine cylinder.

The generating pipe is in a nested structure of each stage of heating generating chamber, the volume of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the previous stage of heating generating chamber, the diameter of the inlet of the next stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the outlet of the previous stage of heating generating chamber, and the diameter of the inlet of each stage of heating generating chamber is larger than that of the outlet; the diameter of the generating tube is gradually reduced along with the increase of the stages of the heating generating chambers, and the diameter of each stage of the heating generating chambers is gradually reduced along with the flowing of the methanol.

For example, take three-stage heating as an example as set forth in FIG. 1:

the top of the first-stage heating generation chamber 3 is provided with a first-stage methanol injector 4 and a first-stage heating rod 5, the top of the second-stage heating generation chamber 14 is provided with a second-stage methanol injector 6 and a second-stage heating rod 7, and the third-stage heating generation chamber 9 is the last-stage heating and is only provided with a third-stage methanol injector 8 but not provided with a heating rod.

Air intake pipe 2 has air inlet end 1, inside the air gets into the intake pipe by the air inlet end, air intake pipe 2 takes place the room with each level heating respectively and is connected, provide the required air of methyl alcohol burning, when methyl alcohol in the emergence pipe is lighted by the heating rod in each level heating emergence room, because the diameter of emergence pipe increases and the diameter reduces along with the heating chamber progression for the mixed gas (waste gas) velocity of flow increase pressure after the burning reduces, thereby inhale the air in the air intake pipe 2.

Because the diameters of the heating and generating chambers of all levels are gradually reduced along with the flowing of methanol, the heating and generating chambers of all levels can continuously suck air required by combustion, the generating pipes formed after the heating and generating chambers of all levels are nested are also reduced along with the flowing of the methanol, the diameter of the inlet of the heating and generating chamber of the next level is larger than the diameter of the outlet of the heating and generating chamber of the previous level, the volume of the heating and generating chamber of the next level is also larger than that of the heating and generating chamber of the previous level, the flow speed of exhaust gas after the combustion of the methanol is continuously increased, more and more air can be sucked, more and more methanol is sprayed into the methanol oil injectors of all levels to help the combustion, and finally, completely vaporized methanol steam formed in the heating and generating chamber of the last level is sent.

Along with the increase of the stage number of the heating generation chamber, the amount of methanol sprayed by the methanol oil sprayer is more and more, the amount of methanol required by the starting of an engine is finally sprayed out of the last stage heating generation chamber, meanwhile, most of heat is provided by the combustion of the previous stage of methanol in each stage of heating generation chamber, the heat provided by each stage of heating rod is less and less, so that the last stage heating generation chamber does not need an independent heating rod any more, the total heat provided by each stage of heating rod in the whole process is reduced, and if a mode that a vehicle-mounted battery supplies power to the heating rods is adopted, the electric energy consumption is indirectly saved.

The methanol fuel injectors and the heating rods in the heating generation chambers of all levels are independently controlled by the controller 13, the heating chambers of all levels adjust the combustion amount of methanol in the middle of all levels according to the fuel injection amount, the required fuel amount is more, the number of levels can be increased, the increased structure is the structure of the second level, the more fuel amount is required, the more levels can be added, and therefore the number of levels of the heating chambers is not limited in the embodiment.

The first-stage heating generation chamber 3 needs the first heating rod 5 to heat independently to provide the energy for methanol vaporization, when air starts to enter, the first-stage methanol oil injector 4 starts to inject oil, the first heating rod 5 heats methanol to vaporize, the methanol is uniformly mixed with air to form methanol mixed gas, and the first-stage first heating rod 5 ignites the methanol.

In order to avoid the methanol mixed gas from being ignited, the heating rod in the first stage heating generation chamber 3 is required to heat the air and the methanol gas all the time and ignite the mixed gas, the remaining stages use heating rods of all stages to ignite the mixed gas, and in order to avoid fire, the heating rods are also required to be electrified all the time, so that the methanol gas cannot be ignited.

After the methanol is ignited, the exhaust gas with heat enters the second-stage heating generation chamber 14, the ignited mixture is combusted and expanded, and because the diameter of the outlet of the first-stage heating generation chamber is reduced, the flow rate is increased, the pressure is reduced, and the air which can be sucked into the air inlet pipe 1 reaches the second-stage heating generation chamber 14.

Along with the increase of the stages of the heating chambers, the volume of the heating generation chamber at the later stage is larger than that of the heating generation chamber at the previous stage, more air can be sucked, and more methanol can be sprayed into the corresponding methanol oil sprayers at all stages. The amount of methanol injected by each stage of methanol injector is increased on the amount of methanol in the previous stage, and the amount of methanol injected in the last stage is the amount of methanol which is finally required to enter the cylinder. Meanwhile, the starting working time of the next-stage fuel injector and the heating rod is slightly delayed after the former fuel injector injects.

The methanol tank is used for supplying methanol, and the methanol pump sucks the methanol in the methanol tank out and conveys the methanol to a methanol oil rail, and finally supplies the methanol to the methanol oil injector.

For example, each stage of methanol injector is connected with the outlet of a methanol oil rail 12, and the methanol oil rail 12 is connected with the methanol tank 10 through a methanol pump 11.

The methanol is heated by using multi-stage heating, and the methanol at the next stage is heated by using the heat generated by the combustion of a small amount of methanol, so that the initial starting energy is reduced, and the load of a battery is reduced.

The latent heat of vaporization of the methanol is large, the heat of the vaporized methanol can be increased by using multi-stage heating, and the methanol has better vaporization capacity.

When multiple heating stages are used, exhaust gas is initially generated, which corresponds to the fact that increasing EGR is beneficial for reducing the emission product nitrogen oxides.

Example two:

the present embodiment provides a working method of a multi-stage methanol heating device, taking the heating device with three-stage heating chambers provided in the above embodiments as an example, specifically:

air enters the generating pipe through the air inlet pipe 2;

the methanol pump 11 is started and respectively supplied to all the methanol oil injectors, and all the methanol oil injectors are sequentially started by receiving instructions of the controller 13;

the first-stage heating rod 5 is started to heat and ignite the methanol entering the first-stage heating generation chamber 3;

the methanol in the first-stage heating generation chamber 3 is combusted, the waste gas is expanded, enters the second-stage heating generation chamber 14 from the air outlet of the first-stage heating generation chamber 3 under the structural action of the diameter reduction of the outlet of the first-stage heating generation chamber 3, and simultaneously the air in the air inlet pipe 2 is sucked into the second-stage heating generation chamber 14;

the second-stage methanol oil injector 6 is started to inject methanol into the second-stage heating generation chamber 14, and the methanol is heated and vaporized by the heat generated after the first-stage methanol is combusted;

the second-stage heating rod 7 is started to ignite the methanol mixed gas in the second-stage heating generation chamber;

methanol in the second-stage heating generation chamber is combusted, waste gas is expanded, enters the third-stage heating generation chamber from the air outlet of the second-stage heating generation chamber under the structural action of the diameter reduction of the outlet of the second-stage heating generation chamber, and simultaneously air in the air inlet pipe 2 is sucked into the third-stage heating generation chamber;

the third-stage methanol oil sprayer 8 is started to spray methanol into the third-stage methanol heating generation chamber, and the methanol is heated and vaporized by the heat generated after the second-stage methanol is combusted;

the vaporized methanol vapor and air form a mixture which enters the engine cylinder, and the engine compression ignites/ignites the methanol vapor mixture.

The stage number of the heating chamber is not limited, the required stage number can be adjusted according to actual requirements, when the required fuel oil amount (methanol) is more, the stage number can be increased, the increased structure is the structure of the second stage, and the more the required fuel oil amount is, the more the required stage number can be added.

The starting working time of the next-stage fuel injector and the heating rod is delayed after the former fuel injector sprays, and the delay time is set according to actual requirements.

The amount of methanol injected at each stage is increased over the amount of methanol injected at the previous stage, and the amount of methanol injected at the last stage is the amount of methanol eventually required to enter the cylinder, that is, the amount of methanol injected at the three-stage methanol injector 8 in the above embodiment.

The methanol is heated by a multi-stage heating mode, and the methanol at the next stage is heated by the heat generated by the combustion of a small amount of methanol, so that the initial starting energy is reduced, and the load of a battery is reduced. Only a heating device with smaller current is needed to be arranged in the first stage of heating.

Because the latent heat of vaporization of the methanol is larger, the heat of final methanol evaporation can be increased by using multi-stage heating, so that the whole device has better vaporization capacity.

When multiple stages of heating are used, the first stage of heating may generate exhaust gases, which equates to increased EGR to lower the nitrogen oxides emitted.

In addition, any fuel with a relatively large latent heat of vaporization can be used in the heating mode, and the heating mode can be used in the low-temperature condition of diesel oil and gasoline. The heating mode of the first-stage heating chamber is a heating rod, any other heating mode can be adopted, but the time required for heating to the corresponding temperature is taken into consideration.

The present embodiment uses a structure similar to a carburetor to control the amount of methanol entering the evaporator (the amount of methanol output from each stage of methanol injector), and other injection modes similar to the principle can be used.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.