阅读说明：本技术 一种改善生鱼肥身和脂肪肝的成鱼配合饲料及其应用 (Adult fish compound feed for improving body fat and fatty liver of raw fish and application thereof ) 是由 蔡佐楠 杨景丰 贠彪 于 2021-01-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种改善生鱼肥身和脂肪肝的成鱼配合饲料,以重量份数计,包括以下组分：全脱脂鱼粉20～35份、鸡肉骨粉13～15份、喷雾干燥猪血球蛋白粉5～6份、玉米蛋白粉14～16份、鱿鱼膏3～5份、高筋面粉15～17份、鱼油1～3份、豆油2～4份、大豆磷脂油2～4份、氯化胆碱0.5～1份、磷酸二氢钙1～3份、赖氨酸0.4～0.6份、苏氨酸0.1～0.3份、丁酸钠0.1～0.2份、L-肉碱0.05～0.1份、胆汁酸0.1～0.2份、金银花0.5～1份；本发明还公开了所述成鱼配合饲料在生鱼养殖中的应用。本发明通过在饲料中加入丁酸钠、L-肉碱、胆汁酸及金银花,使得饲料在满足生鱼快速生长需求的同时能够降低生鱼的脂肪含量,保持生鱼优质的体型,显著降低生鱼患脂肪肝病的风险。(The invention discloses an adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 13-15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5-6 parts of spray-dried porcine corpuscle protein powder, 14-16 parts of corn protein powder, 3-5 parts of squid paste, 15-17 parts of high gluten flour, 1-3 parts of fish oil, 2-4 parts of soybean lecithin oil, 0.5-1 part of choline chloride, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4-0.6 part of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of threonine, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05-0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1-0.2 part of bile acid and 0.5-1 part of honeysuckle; the invention also discloses application of the adult fish compound feed in raw fish culture. According to the invention, sodium butyrate, L-carnitine, bile acid and honeysuckle are added into the feed, so that the feed can reduce the fat content of raw fish while meeting the requirement of quick growth of the raw fish, maintain the high-quality body type of the raw fish and obviously reduce the risk of the raw fish suffering from fatty liver diseases.)

1. An adult fish compound feed for improving body fat and fatty liver of raw fish is characterized by comprising the following components: the feed comprises the following raw materials of fully defatted fish meal, chicken bone meal, spray dried porcine corpuscle albumen powder, corn protein powder, squid liver paste, high gluten flour, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate, lysine, threonine, sodium butyrate, L-carnitine, bile acid and honeysuckle.

2. The adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 1, wherein the weight parts of the components are as follows: 20-35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 13-15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5-6 parts of spray-dried porcine corpuscle protein powder, 14-16 parts of corn protein powder, 3-5 parts of squid paste, 15-17 parts of high gluten flour, 1-3 parts of fish oil, 2-4 parts of soybean lecithin oil, 0.5-1 part of choline chloride, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4-0.6 part of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of threonine, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05-0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1-0.2 part of bile acid and 0.5-1 part of honeysuckle.

3. The adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 2, wherein the weight parts of the components are as follows: 35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine corpuscle protein powder, 14 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of strong flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.6 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.15 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

4. The adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 2, wherein the weight parts of the components are as follows: 33 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 15 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 15.9 parts of strong flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

5. The adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 2, wherein the weight parts of the components are as follows: 30 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 6 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 16 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of high gluten flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.7 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.6 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.2 part of bile acid and 1 part of honeysuckle.

6. The adult fish compound feed for improving body weight and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method comprises: weighing the raw materials of the components in parts by weight, crushing, mixing, and then carrying out tempering, puffing, extruding and vacuum spraying to obtain the coating.

7. The adult fish compound feed for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish according to claim 6, wherein the tempering time is 8 minutes, the tempering temperature is 100 ℃, and the tempering is carried out until the water content is 25%; the extrusion temperature is 130-140 ℃, and the water content of the feed during extrusion and demolding is 19-20%.

8. The use of the adult fish compound feed for improving body weight and fatty liver of raw fish according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in raw fish farming.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of aquatic fish feed, in particular to adult fish compound feed for improving the fat body and fatty liver of raw fish and application thereof.

Background

The raw fish, also called snakehead fish, is fish of snakehead family (Channidae) and snakehead genus (Ophio cephalolus). At present, the domestic cultured raw fish comprises snakehead, channa maculata and the first filial generation hybrid of the snakehead and the channa maculata. Compared with the traditional snakehead, the hybrid snakehead has the advantages of easy domestication, high growth speed, strong stress resistance, high yield, high meat yield, low feed coefficient, short growth period, convenience for carrying out large-scale cultivation and the like.

Along with the popularization of the high-density intensive culture mode of the raw fishes and the popularization of formula feeds in the present year, the raw fish culture is all over the country, and the area of the triangle of pearl is particularly concentrated. Due to the use of the high-fat feed, the economic benefit is improved to a certain extent, but the digestion and absorption burden of the live fish liver is increased easily when the high-fat feed is taken for a long time, so that the live fish is overnourished to cause the phenomena of fat body and even fatty liver, the meat quality and body type of the live fish are seriously influenced, and the risk and health hidden trouble when the live fish is taken out are increased. Therefore, the research and development of adult fish compound feed for improving the body form of raw fish and preventing fatty liver is urgent while the economic benefit is ensured.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide adult fish compound feed for improving the fat body and fatty liver of raw fish and application thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an adult fish compound feed for improving the fat body and fatty liver of raw fish comprises the following components: the feed comprises the following raw materials of fully defatted fish meal, chicken bone meal, spray dried porcine corpuscle albumen powder, corn protein powder, squid liver paste, high gluten flour, fish oil, soybean lecithin oil, choline chloride, monocalcium phosphate, lysine, threonine, sodium butyrate, L-carnitine, bile acid and honeysuckle.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight portions of the components are as follows: 20-35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 13-15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5-6 parts of spray-dried porcine corpuscle protein powder, 14-16 parts of corn protein powder, 3-5 parts of squid paste, 15-17 parts of high gluten flour, 2-4 parts of fish oil, 2-4 parts of soybean lecithin oil, 0.5-1 part of choline chloride, 1-3 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.4-0.6 part of lysine, 0.1-0.3 part of threonine, 0.1-0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05-0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1-0.2 part of bile acid and 0.5-1 part of honeysuckle.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight portions of the components are as follows: 35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine corpuscle protein powder, 14 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of strong flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.6 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.15 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight portions of the components are as follows: 33 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 15 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 15.9 parts of strong flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

As a preferred technical scheme, the weight portions of the components are as follows: 30 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 6 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 16 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of high gluten flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.7 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.6 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.2 part of bile acid and 1 part of honeysuckle.

As a preferable technical scheme, the preparation method of the adult fish compound feed comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials of the components in parts by weight, crushing, mixing, and then carrying out tempering, puffing, extruding and vacuum spraying to obtain the coating.

As a preferred technical scheme, the tempering time is 8 minutes, the tempering temperature is 100 ℃, and the tempering is carried out until the moisture content is about 25%; the extrusion temperature is 130-140 ℃, and the water content of the feed during extrusion and demolding is 19-20%.

The invention also provides application of the adult fish compound feed for improving the fat body and fatty liver of raw fish in raw fish culture.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

according to the invention, sodium butyrate, L-carnitine, bile acid and honeysuckle are added into the feed, so that the feed can reduce the fat content of raw fish while meeting the requirement of quick growth of the raw fish, maintain the high-quality body type of the raw fish and obviously reduce the risk of the raw fish suffering from fatty liver diseases.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. The reagents, equipment and methods adopted by the invention are all reagents, equipment and methods which are conventionally and commercially available in the technical field and are conventionally used in the technical field.

Example 1

A compound feed for adult fish for improving fat body and fatty liver of raw fish comprises, by weight, 35 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 14 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 14 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of high gluten flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean lecithin oil, 0.6 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.1 part of threonine, 0.15 part of sodium butyrate, 0.05 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials of the components in parts by weight, crushing, mixing, and then carrying out tempering, puffing, extruding and vacuum spraying to obtain the coating.

In the preparation method, the tempering time is 8 minutes, the tempering temperature is 100 ℃, and the tempering is carried out until the moisture content is about 25%; the extrusion temperature is 130-140 ℃, and the water content of the feed during extrusion and demolding is 19-20%.

The feed obtained in this example had a crude protein content of 48.71% and a crude fat content of 12.16%.

Example 2

An adult fish compound feed for improving body fat and fatty liver of raw fish comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 5 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 15 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 15.9 parts of strong flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.5 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.5 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.1 part of bile acid and 0.5 part of honeysuckle.

The preparation method is the same as example 1 and is not repeated herein.

The feed obtained in this example had a crude protein content of 48.71% and a crude fat content of 12.11%.

Example 3

An adult fish compound feed for improving body fat and fatty liver of raw fish comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of fully defatted fish meal, 15 parts of chicken bone meal, 6 parts of spray-dried porcine blood cell protein powder, 16 parts of corn protein powder, 4 parts of squid paste, 16 parts of high gluten flour, 2 parts of fish oil, 2 parts of soybean phospholipid oil, 0.7 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of monocalcium phosphate, 0.6 part of lysine, 0.2 part of threonine, 0.2 part of sodium butyrate, 0.1 part of L-carnitine, 0.2 part of bile acid and 1 part of honeysuckle.

The preparation method is the same as example 1 and is not repeated herein.

The feed obtained in this example had a crude protein content of 48.33% and a crude fat content of 11.84%.

Comparative example

A commercial feed for common raw fish comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of defatted fish meal, 8 parts of chicken bone meal, 16 parts of bean pulp, 7 parts of cottonseed protein, 3 parts of squid paste, 18 parts of high gluten flour, 3 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil and 2 parts of multi-vitamin multi-mineral premix.

The crude protein content of the comparative feed was 46.57% and the crude fat content was 11.77%.

Examples of the experiments

The experiment is used for verifying the effect of the feed on improving the weight gain and fatty liver of raw fish.

The experimental time is from 7 months and 12 days in 2019 to 10 months and 24 days in 2019, the experiment is carried out in a test base of Zhongshan City in Guangdong province of Hadamai group, and the cage culture contrast experiment is carried out by adopting the feed provided by the embodiments 1-3 and the common commercial feed for raw fish provided by the comparative example. The experimental groups fed with the feed obtained in examples 1 to 3 respectively comprise an experimental group 1 fed with the feed of example 1, an experimental group 2 fed with the feed of example 2 and an experimental group 3 fed with the feed of example 3, and the control group fed with the control feed. The experimental groups 1-3 and the control group were cultured with 6 net cages (net cage size 3m), and 80 fish tails of experimental fish (common raw fish) were placed in each net cage, and the fish size was about 450g per tail.

After the experiment is finished, the survival rate, the fullness, the liver-body ratio, the viscera-body ratio and the liver crude fat content of each group of raw fish are respectively calculated and detected. The calculation and detection method comprises the following steps:

survival rate (SR,%) test end fish tail number ÷ test initial fish tail number × 100

Fullness (CF) ═ body weight (g) ÷ [ body length (cm)]³×100

Visceral volume ratio (VSI,%) visceral weight ÷ total fish weight × 100

Liver-body ratio (HSI,%) liver weight ÷ total fish weight × 100

The content of the crude fat in the liver and pancreas of the fish is determined by a Soxhlet extraction method.

The results of the experiment are as follows:

as can be seen from the above table: the survival rate and the growth speed of the raw fish in the experimental groups 1-3 are obviously higher than those of the control group, and the liver body ratio, the visceral body ratio and the fat content are all obviously lower than those of the control group, so that the feed obtained in the experimental groups 1-3 can ensure the quick growth of the raw fish, and can obviously reduce the probability of the raw fish for generating fat body and fatty liver diseases, moreover, the fat fullness of the raw fish in the experimental groups 1-3 is not greatly different from that of the control group, and the feed obtained in the experimental groups 1-3 can well keep the body shape of the fish while meeting the requirement of the quick growth of the raw fish.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be considered to be equivalent or modified within the technical scope of the present invention.