阅读说明：本技术 一种超高压液压系统 (Ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system ) 是由 刘伟 蒋满国 张明明 周赛群 曾定荣 唐从炜 张文豪 于 2021-01-06 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种超高压液压系统,包括换向阀、模式切换阀、单向阀、第一增压器、第二增压器和油缸；换向阀的进油口、回油口分别与主机的预留油源进油口、回油口连接；换向阀的工作油口与模式切换阀连接；模式切换阀的第一组工作油口通过单向阀与油缸连接；模式切换阀的第二组工作油口通过第一增压器和第二增压器与油缸连接。本发明结合劈裂机的工作工况,提出了一种超高压液压系统,其能够根据工况自动切换工作模式来适应不同工况所需的液压压力和流量,可以解决流量损失的问题而显著提高劈裂机的工作效率,同时可以独立控制油缸大、小腔高压输出时的压力和流量,可以解决楔块组无法卸载而卡机的问题。(The invention provides an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system which comprises a reversing valve, a mode switching valve, a one-way valve, a first supercharger, a second supercharger and an oil cylinder, wherein the reversing valve is arranged on the mode switching valve; an oil inlet and an oil return port of the reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of a reserved oil source of the main machine; a working oil port of the reversing valve is connected with the mode switching valve; a first group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a one-way valve; and a second group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a first supercharger and a second supercharger. The invention provides an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system in combination with the working condition of a splitting machine, which can automatically switch working modes according to the working condition to adapt to hydraulic pressure and flow required by different working conditions, can solve the problem of flow loss to obviously improve the working efficiency of the splitting machine, can independently control the pressure and flow of a large cavity and a small cavity of an oil cylinder during high-pressure output, and can solve the problem that a wedge block set cannot be unloaded and blocked.)

1. An ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system is characterized by comprising a reversing valve, a mode switching valve, a one-way valve, a first supercharger, a second supercharger and an oil cylinder; an oil inlet and an oil return port of the reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of a reserved oil source of the main machine; a working oil port of the reversing valve is connected with the mode switching valve; a first group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a one-way valve; a second group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a first supercharger and a second supercharger; the oil inlet of first booster communicates with the oil return opening of second booster, and the oil return opening of first booster communicates with the oil inlet of second booster, and first booster constitutes two booster return circuits with the second booster.

2. The ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic system according to claim 1, wherein a first overflow valve is arranged on an oil path of the oil inlet of the reversing valve; to limit the pressure of the low pressure oil source.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein a shuttle valve is arranged on a control oil path of the mode switching valve; and the control device is used for acquiring the load pressure on the working oil path of the reversing valve as a signal source to control the switching of the left position and the right position of the mode switching valve.

4. The system of claim 3, wherein the cylinder has a large chamber and a small chamber, and the area of the large chamber is larger than the area of the small chamber.

5. The ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic system according to claim 4, wherein the first supercharger is connected with the large cavity of the oil cylinder, and a second overflow valve is arranged on an oil way for connecting the first supercharger with the oil cylinder; the second overflow valve is used as a safety valve for limiting the pressure of the large cavity of the oil cylinder.

6. The ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic system according to claim 5, wherein the second supercharger is connected with the small cavity of the oil cylinder, and a third overflow valve is arranged on an oil way for connecting the second supercharger with the oil cylinder; the third overflow valve is used as a safety valve for limiting the pressure of the small cavity of the oil cylinder.

7. The system of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mode switching valve is a two-position six-way hydraulic control directional control valve; the left position comprises two small flow channels with one-way throttling ports, an oil inlet throttling speed regulation loop is formed by the two small flow channels and a first overflow valve on the low-pressure oil source side, and the sizes of the overflowing sections of the one-way throttling ports of the two small flow channels are different; the right position comprises two identical large-opening full-flow channels, a spring is arranged in the right position, and the pressure range for switching the left position and the right position is controlled by adjusting the spring.

8. An ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic system according to claim 7, characterized in that the check valve is a pilot operated check valve with pre-unloading, and the rated flow of the pilot operated check valve is larger than that of the first booster or the second booster.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the first intensifier has a pressure increase ratio less than the pressure increase ratio of the second intensifier, and the first intensifier has a flow rating greater than the flow rating of the second intensifier.

10. The extra-high pressure hydraulic system of claim 6, wherein the second and third relief valves are set at different pressure values.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of tunneling equipment, in particular to an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system.

Background

The splitting machine is one of the rock breaking key parts of tunnel construction equipment such as an excavator, a drilling and splitting trolley, an extremely hard rock heading machine and the like, rescue equipment and ore mining equipment, has the characteristics of high power density, safety, reliability, flexible use, no vibration, no impact, no noise, no dust and the like during working, can be widely used in basic construction such as tunnel excavation, house reconstruction, municipal construction and the like and mining industries such as quarrying, mineral products and the like, and is the best rock breaking equipment particularly under the conditions of incapability of blasting, no impact, no vibration and the like on the surrounding environment or under the construction working conditions such as an extremely hard rock tunnel, a short tunnel, a special-shaped section tunnel and the like.

The operation process of the splitting machine is as follows: the wedge block group at the front part of the oil cylinder is integrally inserted into an original opened rock hole, then the oil cylinder is controlled to extend out to enable the wedge block group to expand fast to be attached to a rock wall and then continue to expand until the rock is fractured, after the fracturing is completed, the oil cylinder is retracted to release the reaction force of the rock to the wedge block group to unload the wedge block group, and then the wedge block group is pulled out to carry out the next cycle work. The hydraulic pressure used by the splitting machine belongs to the field of ultrahigh pressure, and the speed is sacrificed along with pressurization under the condition of certain power, so that how to pressurize and when to pressurize are the more key technologies of the hydraulic system of the splitting machine.

At present, hydraulic systems of splitting machines mainly have two kinds: a splitter adopting the hydraulic system scheme needs a corresponding host machine such as an excavator and the like to be specially equipped with an ultrahigh pressure oil pump or additionally provided with an ultrahigh pressure pump station, has very poor universality, is very limited in popularization and application, and has no control of working condition adaptability; the other type is that a low-pressure oil source universal to the host is directly used, and then the oil source is input into the oil cylinder after being pressurized by the same supercharger integrated on the splitting machine, by adopting the scheme, although the problem of ultrahigh-pressure oil source is solved, the universality is enhanced, but the condition of flow loss exists because when the supercharger can not be controlled to be started, the output flow is low because the supercharging is not needed, for example, the speed is too low and the working efficiency is influenced because the supercharging is not needed in a small-load or no-load return working condition and the low-pressure large-flow output is needed, and meanwhile, the problem that the wedge block group can not be unloaded and the machine is blocked can occur because the oil cylinder has the same large and small cavity pressures and the large cavity output force is far larger than the small cavity output force.

In view of the above, there is a need for an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system to solve the problems of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system to solve the problems of low working efficiency and blocking.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system, which comprises a reversing valve, a mode switching valve, a one-way valve, a first supercharger, a second supercharger and an oil cylinder, wherein the reversing valve is arranged on the first supercharger; an oil inlet and an oil return port of the reversing valve are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of a reserved oil source of the main machine; a working oil port of the reversing valve is connected with the mode switching valve; a first group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a one-way valve; a second group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve are connected with the oil cylinder through a first supercharger and a second supercharger; the oil inlet of first booster communicates with the oil return opening of second booster, and the oil return opening of first booster communicates with the oil inlet of second booster, and first booster constitutes two booster return circuits with the second booster.

Furthermore, a first overflow valve is arranged on an oil way of the oil inlet of the reversing valve; to limit the pressure of the low pressure oil source.

Furthermore, a shuttle valve is arranged on a control oil path of the mode switching valve; and the control device is used for acquiring the load pressure on the working oil path of the reversing valve as a signal source to control the switching of the left position and the right position of the mode switching valve.

Furthermore, the oil cylinder is provided with a large cavity and a small cavity, and the acting area of hydraulic oil in the large cavity is larger than that of hydraulic oil in the small cavity.

Furthermore, the first supercharger is connected with the large cavity of the oil cylinder, and a second overflow valve is arranged on an oil way for connecting the first supercharger with the oil cylinder; the second overflow valve is used as a safety valve for limiting the pressure of the large cavity of the oil cylinder.

Furthermore, the second supercharger is connected with the small cavity of the oil cylinder, and a third overflow valve is arranged on an oil way for connecting the second supercharger with the oil cylinder; the third overflow valve is used as a safety valve for limiting the pressure of the small cavity of the oil cylinder.

Further, the mode switching valve is a two-position six-way hydraulic control reversing valve; the left position comprises two small flow channels with one-way throttling ports, an oil inlet throttling speed regulation loop is formed by the two small flow channels and a first overflow valve on the low-pressure oil source side, and the sizes of the overflowing sections of the one-way throttling ports of the two small flow channels are different; the right position comprises two identical large-opening full-flow channels, a spring is arranged in the right position, and the pressure range for switching the left position and the right position is controlled by adjusting the spring.

Furthermore, the check valve is a hydraulic control check valve with pre-unloading function, and the rated flow of the hydraulic control check valve is larger than that of the first supercharger or the second supercharger.

Further, the pressure increase ratio of the first supercharger is smaller than that of the second supercharger, and the rated flow rate of the first supercharger is larger than that of the second supercharger.

Further, the pressure values set by the second relief valve and the third relief valve are different.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention adopts a dual-mode switching loop design, designs two modes of low-pressure full flow and high-pressure small flow, utilizes the mode switching valve and the shuttle valve to realize the automatic switching of the two modes, and can automatically switch the working mode according to the working condition to adapt to the hydraulic pressure and flow required by different working conditions, thereby improving the working efficiency of the splitter; under the same working condition, the service life of the supercharger is longer because the unnecessary starting of the supercharger is avoided.

(2) The invention adopts the design of double booster loops, and the system can independently control the pressure and flow when the large cavity and the small cavity of the oil cylinder are high-pressure output; a supercharger with relatively small supercharger ratio and large flow is adopted as a high-pressure small-flow output unit under the heavy-load splitting working condition; a supercharger with relatively large supercharger ratio and small flow is used as a high-pressure small-flow output unit when the card unloading machine works. The large and small cavities of the oil cylinder can obtain different ultrahigh pressure outputs, and the phenomenon of blocking is completely eliminated.

(3) In the invention, under no-load or light-load working conditions, the flow loss is completely eliminated, the working speed is faster, and the efficiency is obviously improved.

(4) Under the condition of the same efficiency and the same splitting force, a supercharger with smaller specification (lower power) can be selected.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an extra-high pressure hydraulic system;

the hydraulic control system comprises a hydraulic control oil cylinder, a first overflow valve, a reversing valve, a shuttle valve, a mode switching valve, a hydraulic control one-way valve, a mode switching valve, a first pressure booster, a mode switching valve, a second pressure booster, a mode switching valve.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment of an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system is applied to a cleaving machine, and the directions "left" and "right" in the present embodiment are relative to the direction of the drawing. It should be noted that the term "low pressure" in the present invention is also in the category of high pressure in the common sense of hydraulic system, and is only low pressure relative to the high pressure after the supercharger is supercharged; the term "high pressure" as used in the present invention is in the category of very high pressure in a conventional hydraulic system, but is simply high pressure relative to the pressure before the intensifier is not pressurized.

An ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system comprises a reversing valve 2, a mode switching valve 4, a one-way valve, a first supercharger 6, a second supercharger 7 and an oil cylinder 10; an oil inlet P and an oil return port T of the reversing valve 2 are respectively connected with an oil inlet and an oil return port of a reserved oil source of the main machine; a working oil port of the reversing valve 2 is connected with the mode switching valve 4; a first group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve 4 are connected with the oil cylinder 10 through a one-way valve; a second group of working oil ports of the mode switching valve 4 are connected with an oil cylinder 10 through a first supercharger 6 and a second supercharger 7; an oil inlet of the first supercharger 6 is communicated with an oil return port of the second supercharger 7, an oil return port of the first supercharger 6 is communicated with an oil inlet of the second supercharger 7, and the first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7 form a double-supercharger loop. In this embodiment, the host is a splitter.

And a first overflow valve 1 is arranged on an oil path of an oil inlet of the reversing valve 2. The first overflow valve 1 is used for limiting the pressure of a low-pressure oil source, protecting the first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7, and forming an oil inlet throttling speed regulation loop with the mode switching valve 4 to respectively control the flow of oil inlet paths A2 and B2 of the first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7.

The reversing valve 2 is used for controlling the extending and retracting actions of the oil cylinder 10, namely, the pressure oil of the low-pressure oil source oil path P is selectively switched to the oil path A or the oil path B, the reversing valve 2 is switched to the oil path B at the left position, and is switched to the oil path A at the right position.

The mode switching valve 4 is a two-position six-way hydraulic control reversing valve 2; the left position comprises two small flow channels with one-way throttling ports, an oil inlet throttling speed regulation loop is formed by the two small flow channels and the first overflow valve 1 on the low-pressure oil source side, and the sizes of the overflowing sections of the one-way throttling ports of the two small flow channels are different; the right position comprises two identical large-opening full-flow channels, a spring is arranged in the right position, the pressure range of switching the left position and the right position is controlled by adjusting the spring, and the pressure range is determined according to the load obtained by construction experience. When the mode switching valve 4 is in a left position, the pressure oil source from the reversing valve 2 enters the first supercharger 6 or the second supercharger 7 after being throttled, and the system enters a high-pressure small-flow mode; when the mode switching valve 4 is in the right position, the pressure oil source from the reversing valve 2 enters the hydraulic control one-way valve 5 after passing through the large-opening full-flow channel, and the system enters a low-pressure large-flow mode.

A shuttle valve 3 is arranged on a control oil path of the mode switching valve 4; and the control device is used for acquiring the load pressure on the working oil path of the reversing valve 2 as a signal source to control the switching of the left position and the right position of the mode switching valve 4. The load pressure is the higher pressure of the oil passage a and the oil passage B, and when the load pressure is greater than the spring force, the mode switching valve 4 is automatically switched to the left position, and when the load pressure is less than the spring force, the mode switching valve 4 is automatically switched to the right position.

The check valve is a hydraulic control check valve 5 with pre-unloading, and the rated flow of the hydraulic control check valve 5 is larger than that of the first supercharger 6 or the second supercharger 7. The hydraulic control check valve 5 is a passage for oil in a low-pressure large-flow mode and is also used for blocking high-pressure oil from returning.

The oil cylinder 10 is an actuating mechanism of the splitting machine and is provided with a large cavity and a small cavity, the acting area of hydraulic oil of the large cavity is larger than that of hydraulic oil of the small cavity, and the acting area ratio of the large cavity to the small cavity is 2: 1.

The first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7 respectively supercharge a low-pressure oil source to a higher pressure and then output the oil source to a large cavity and a small cavity of the oil cylinder 10, a P1 port of the first supercharger 6 is communicated with a T2 port of the second supercharger 7, a T1 port of the first supercharger 6 is communicated with a P2 port of the second supercharger 7, an H1 port of the first supercharger 6 is communicated with the large cavity of the oil cylinder 10, an H2 port of the second supercharger 7 is communicated with the small cavity of the splitter, and the first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7 form a double-supercharger loop.

The first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7 can respectively and independently control the pressure and the flow of the large cavity and the small cavity of the oil cylinder 10, the rated flow and the supercharging ratio of the first supercharger 6 and the second supercharger 7 are different, and the supercharging ratio of the first supercharger 6 is smaller and the rated flow is larger than that of the second supercharger 7, so that the problem of blocking is effectively solved.

A second overflow valve 8 is arranged on an oil way connecting the first supercharger 6 and the oil cylinder 10; the second relief valve 8 serves as a relief valve for limiting the pressure in the large chamber of the cylinder 10.

The second supercharger 7 is connected with a small cavity of the oil cylinder 10, and a third overflow valve 9 is arranged on an oil way for connecting the second supercharger 7 with the oil cylinder 10; the third relief valve 9 acts as a relief valve to limit the pressure in the small chamber of the cylinder 10. The pressure values set by the second relief valve 8 and the third relief valve 9 are different.

The specific implementation process of the splitting action comprises the following steps: the reversing valve 2 is in the right position, the low-pressure oil source enters the oil path A from the oil path P, the shuttle valve 3 obtains a pressure signal and inputs the pressure signal into the mode switching valve 4, at the moment, the pressure is lower than the spring force on the right side of the mode switching valve 4, therefore, the mode switching valve 4 is in the right position, the low-pressure oil enters the oil path A1 from the oil path A through a full-flow channel with a large opening of the mode switching valve, then enters the large-flow pilot-controlled one-way valve 5 instead of the first supercharger 6 for supercharging to cause flow loss, and then the low-pressure oil enters the large cavity of the oil cylinder 10 to realize quick action, namely a fast forward process on the common knowledge. Along with the extension of the oil cylinder 10, the rock load is continuously increased, when the load is increased to be larger than a pressure value corresponding to a spring on the right side of the mode switching valve 4, for example, 200bar (the pressure value can be adjusted according to empirical data), a load signal transmits pressure to the left side of the mode switching valve 4 through the shuttle valve 3, the mode switching valve 4 is automatically switched to the left position, the oil path a and the oil path a1 are closed, the oil path a enters the oil path a2 through a small flow passage with throttling on the left position of the mode switching valve, at this time, due to throttling, excess flow of the system overflows and returns to the oil tank through the first overflow valve 1 (specifically, at this time, the working condition is that output of a larger force is not needed, and output of a larger flow is not needed, in common knowledge, input of the larger flow causes the service life of the pressure booster to be reduced), and at the lower pressure oil enters the P1 port of the first, the output force of the oil cylinder 10 is amplified to realize the splitting action, meanwhile, the return oil of the small cavity of the oil cylinder enters a P2 port through an H2 port of the second supercharger 7 to be connected to an oil way B2, and then returns to an oil way T on the low pressure oil source side after passing through the mode switching valve 4 and the reversing valve 2, and the process is called as a high-pressure small-flow mode. If the system pressure reaches the set pressure of the third overflow valve 9 due to sudden increase of load or other reasons during the splitting process, the system pressure is limited below the set pressure of the third overflow valve 9.

The specific implementation process of the unloading action comprises the following steps: the unloading process is similar to the splitting action process, and the mode switching valve 4 automatically switches to a proper working mode according to the comparison between the load pressure and the right spring force of the mode switching valve 4, but in a high-pressure low-flow mode, a low-pressure oil source enters a small cavity of the oil cylinder 10 after being pressurized by the second booster 7 with a larger boosting ratio and a smaller rated flow, so that the output pressure and flow of the large cavity and the small cavity of the oil cylinder 10 are independently controlled, and different working condition requirements can be better met.

The shuttle valve 3 in this embodiment may also be a pressure relay or a sensor, and any method may be used as long as it is used for acquiring the load pressure as a signal source and controlling the mode switching valve 4; the mode switching valve 4 may also be an electromagnetic directional valve, and may also be a combination of a one-way throttle valve and other valves such as a sequence valve to achieve the functions of the present invention; the pilot operated check valve 5 may also be an electromagnetic ball valve or other type of reversing valve to achieve the functions of the invention.

The invention provides an ultrahigh pressure hydraulic system in combination with the working condition of a splitting machine, which can automatically switch working modes according to the working condition to adapt to hydraulic pressure and flow required by different working conditions, can solve the problem of flow loss to obviously improve the working efficiency of the splitting machine, can independently control the pressure and flow of a large cavity and a small cavity of an oil cylinder during high-pressure output, and can solve the problem that a wedge block set cannot be unloaded and blocked.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.