阅读说明：本技术 一种全株水稻青储的加工方法 (Processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice ) 是由 薛永强 于 2020-11-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种全株水稻青储的加工方法,包括以下步骤：将全株水稻放入清水中清洗浸泡1-2h后晾干进行杀菌处理；将杀菌处理后的全株水稻切短至2-3cm小段,与植物乳杆菌菌种充分混合后进入打包机制成圆柱体青贮裹包,经发酵40-50天之后便能开包使用。本发明对待加工处理的全株水稻进行浸泡清洗,并对全株水稻进行杀菌处理,提高青贮成功率,且青贮温度保持在30-35℃,使得植物乳杆菌菌种能够快速繁殖,提高青贮的效率。(The invention discloses a processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice, which comprises the following steps: putting the whole plant rice into clear water, cleaning, soaking for 1-2h, airing and sterilizing; cutting the whole sterilized rice plant into 2-3cm small sections, mixing with Lactobacillus plantarum strain, making into cylindrical silage wrap packets in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 40-50 days. The invention soaks and cleans the whole rice plant to be processed, and sterilizes the whole rice plant, thereby improving the success rate of ensiling, and the ensiling temperature is kept at 30-35 ℃, so that the lactobacillus plantarum strain can be rapidly propagated, and the efficiency of ensiling is improved.)

1. A processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:

putting the whole plant rice into clear water, cleaning, soaking for 1-2h, airing and sterilizing;

cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2-3cm small sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 40-50 days to open the bags for use.

2. The processing method of ensiling of whole rice according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization treatment method comprises: spreading the whole rice plant, airing in the sun for 3-4h, and turning over the whole rice plant every 0.5 h.

3. The processing method of ensiling of whole rice according to claim 1, wherein the sterilization treatment method comprises: spreading the whole rice plant in a room equipped with ultraviolet lamp, sterilizing by irradiating with ultraviolet lamp for 2-3 hr, and turning over the whole rice plant every 0.5 hr.

4. The processing method of ensiling of whole plant rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 1000 parts of the whole plant rice after sterilization treatment is cut into 2-3cm pieces, and is mixed with 12-18 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 to be made into cylindrical ensiling wrap in a packing machine, and the ensiling temperature is maintained at 30-35 ℃.

5. The processing method of ensiling of whole plant rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 1000 parts of the whole plant rice after sterilization treatment is cut into 2.5cm pieces, and is mixed with 15 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 to be made into cylindrical ensiling wrap in a packer, and the ensiling temperature is maintained at 32.5 ℃.

6. The processing method of ensiling of whole plant rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 1000 parts of the whole plant rice after sterilization treatment is cut into 2cm pieces, and is mixed with 12 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 thoroughly and then is put into a packaging machine to be made into cylindrical ensiling wrap, and the ensiling temperature is maintained at 30 ℃.

7. The processing method of ensiling of whole plant rice as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein 1000 parts of the whole plant rice after sterilization treatment is cut into 3cm pieces, and is mixed with 18 parts of Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 to be made into cylindrical ensiling wrap in a baling machine, and the ensiling temperature is maintained at 35 ℃.

8. The processing method for ensiling the whole plant of rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the whole plant of rice is put into clean water, washed, soaked for 1.5h, dried in the air and sterilized; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2.5cm sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 45 days to open the bags for use.

9. The processing method for ensiling the whole plant rice according to claim 1, wherein the whole plant rice is put into clean water, washed, soaked for 1 hour, dried in the air and sterilized; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2cm small sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 40 days to open the bags for use.

10. The processing method for ensiling the whole plant rice according to claim 1, wherein the whole plant rice is put into clean water, washed, soaked for 2 hours, dried in the air and sterilized; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into small sections of 3cm, fully mixing the small sections with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making the mixture into cylindrical silage wrapping bags by a packaging machine, and fermenting for 50 days to open the bags for use.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pasture processing, in particular to a processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice.

Background

Ensiling is a storage technique or method for compacting and sealing fresh plant varieties to isolate the stored green feed from outside air, so that oxygen deficiency is caused inside the stored green feed, anaerobic fermentation is caused, organic acid is generated, the fresh plant feed can be stored for a long time, the nutrient loss can be reduced, and the digestion and absorption of animals are facilitated.

Through search, the patent with Chinese patent publication No. CN109480100A discloses a silage method of whole rice, comprising the following steps: cutting the whole rice plant into 2-3cm small sections, mixing with Lactobacillus plantarum, making into 420kg cylindrical silage with size of 1 m x 1.2 m, fermenting for 45 days, and unpacking. The ensiling method of the whole rice plant in the above patent has the following disadvantages: there are problems of a success rate of ensiling and a low efficiency of ensiling.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a processing method for ensiling whole-plant rice comprises the following steps: putting the whole plant rice into clear water, cleaning, soaking for 1-2h, airing and sterilizing; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2-3cm small sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 40-50 days to open the bags for use.

Preferably, the sterilization treatment method comprises: spreading the whole rice plant, airing in the sun for 3-4h, and turning over the whole rice plant every 0.5 h.

Preferably, the sterilization treatment method comprises: spreading the whole rice plant in a room equipped with ultraviolet lamp, sterilizing by irradiating with ultraviolet lamp for 2-3 hr, and turning over the whole rice plant every 0.5 hr.

Preferably, 1000 parts of the whole sterilized rice plant is cut into 2-3cm small sections, and is fully mixed with 12-18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum strain P-8 to be made into cylindrical silage wrapping bags by a packing machine, and the silage temperature is kept at 30-35 ℃.

Preferably, 1000 parts of the whole sterilized rice plant is cut into 2.5cm small sections, fully mixed with 15 parts of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, and then fed into a packaging machine to be made into cylindrical silage bags, and the silage temperature is kept at 32.5 ℃.

Preferably, 1000 parts of the whole sterilized rice plant is cut into 2cm small sections, and the small sections are fully mixed with 12 parts of lactobacillus plantarum strain P-8 and then are made into cylindrical silage bags by a packing machine, wherein the silage temperature is kept at 30 ℃.

Preferably, 1000 parts of the whole sterilized rice plant is cut into 3cm small sections, fully mixed with 18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, and then fed into a packaging machine to be made into cylindrical silage bags, and the silage temperature is kept at 35 ℃.

Preferably, the whole plant of rice is put into clear water to be cleaned and soaked for 1.5h, and then is dried for sterilization treatment; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2.5cm sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 45 days to open the bags for use.

Preferably, the whole plant of rice is put into clear water to be cleaned and soaked for 1h, and then is dried for sterilization treatment; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into 2cm small sections, fully mixing with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making into cylindrical silage wrapping bags in a packaging machine, and fermenting for 40 days to open the bags for use.

Preferably, the whole plant of rice is put into clear water to be cleaned and soaked for 2 hours, and then is dried for sterilization treatment; cutting the whole plant of rice after sterilization treatment into small sections of 3cm, fully mixing the small sections with lactobacillus plantarum P-8, making the mixture into cylindrical silage wrapping bags by a packaging machine, and fermenting for 50 days to open the bags for use.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

lactobacillus plantarum P-8 is a Lactobacillus plantarum strain with excellent probiotic properties, which has excellent gastric acid, intestinal juice and bile salt tolerance in the digestive system;

soaking and cleaning whole rice plants to be processed, cleaning dirt adhered to the whole rice plants, sterilizing bacteria on the whole rice plants, improving the silage success rate, keeping the silage temperature at 30-35 ℃, enabling Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 to be capable of rapidly propagating, and improving the silage efficiency;

the complete plant rice is ensiled by adding Lactobacillus plantarum P-8, the pH value of the ensiled complete plant rice is reduced, the lactic acid content is improved, the fermentation time can be shortened by 4-6 days, the fermentation is uniform, the problem of poor palatability is solved, and the complete plant rice can be used for preparing the silage with feeding value.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

Example 1

Putting 1000 parts of whole rice into clear water, washing and soaking for 1h, spreading the aired whole rice in a room provided with an ultraviolet lamp, irradiating and sterilizing for 2h by using the ultraviolet lamp, turning the whole rice once every 0.5h, cutting the sterilized whole rice into small sections of 2cm, fully mixing the small sections with 12 parts of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, putting the small sections into a packaging machine to prepare cylindrical silage bags, keeping the silage temperature at 30 ℃, and opening the silage bags after fermenting for 40 days.

Example 2

Putting 1000 parts of whole rice into clear water, washing and soaking for 2 hours, spreading the aired whole rice in a room provided with an ultraviolet lamp, irradiating and sterilizing for 3 hours by using the ultraviolet lamp, turning the whole rice once every 0.5 hour, cutting the sterilized whole rice into small sections of 3cm, fully mixing the small sections with 18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum P-8, putting the small sections into a packaging machine to prepare cylindrical silage bags, keeping the silage temperature at 35 ℃, and opening the silage bags after fermenting for 50 days.

Example 3

Putting 1000 parts of whole rice into clean water, washing and soaking for 1.5h, spreading the dried whole rice in a room provided with an ultraviolet lamp, sterilizing by irradiating the whole rice for 2.5h by using the ultraviolet lamp, turning the whole rice once every 0.5h, cutting the sterilized whole rice into small sections of 2.5cm, fully mixing the small sections with 15 parts of lactobacillus plantarum strain P-8, putting the mixture into a packaging machine to prepare cylindrical silage bags, keeping the silage temperature at 32.5 ℃, and opening the bales after fermenting for 45 days.

The pH values and silage completion rates of the whole rice silage prepared in examples 1 to 3 were evaluated, and the pH values and silage completion rates of the whole rice silage prepared by the conventional silage method were compared as comparative examples, and the results are shown in Table 1:

TABLE 1

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Comparative example
					pH value	6	5.5	5.75	6.5
Silage completion ratio (%)	82	96	89	72

In summary, it can be seen from table 1 that the PH of the whole plant rice silage prepared in examples 1-3 is lower than the PH of the whole plant rice silage prepared by the conventional ensiling method, and the silage completion rate of the whole plant rice silage prepared in examples 1-3 is significantly higher than the silage completion rate of the whole plant rice silage prepared by the conventional ensiling method.

Further, the invention also makes systematic research on the process conditions in the processing method of the whole plant rice silage, and the following experimental scheme which only explains the obvious influence of the change of the process conditions on the PH value and the silage completion rate of the whole plant rice silage takes the process conditions of the embodiment 2 as the basis, and is concretely seen in the comparative examples 1-3:

comparative example 1

1000 parts of whole rice plant is put into clear water to be cleaned and soaked for 2 hours, then the rice plant is aired and cut into small sections of 3cm, the small sections are fully mixed with 18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum strain P-8, then the mixture is put into a packaging machine to be made into cylindrical silage wrapping bags, the silage temperature is kept at 35 ℃, and the silage bags can be unpacked for use after being fermented for 50 days.

Comparative example 2

Putting 1000 parts of whole rice into clear water, cleaning and soaking for 2 hours, spreading the dried whole rice in a room provided with an ultraviolet lamp, irradiating and sterilizing for 3 hours by using the ultraviolet lamp, turning the whole rice once every 0.5 hour, cutting the sterilized whole rice into small sections of 3cm, fully mixing the small sections with 18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, making the small sections into cylindrical silage bags by using a packaging machine, keeping the silage temperature at 35 ℃, and fermenting for 50 days to open the silage bags for use.

Comparative example 3

1000 parts of whole rice plant is put into clear water to be cleaned and soaked for 2 hours, then the rice plant is aired and cut into small sections of 3cm, the small sections are fully mixed with 18 parts of lactobacillus plantarum, and then the mixture is put into a packaging machine to be made into cylindrical silage wrapping bags, the silage temperature is kept at 35 ℃, and the silage wrapping bags can be unpacked for use after being fermented for 50 days.

The pH values and silage completion rates of the whole rice plants prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 were evaluated as shown in Table 2:

TABLE 2

	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Comparative example 3
				pH value	5.6	5.8	6.45
Silage completion ratio (%)	76	91	73

In summary, it can be seen from Table 2 that the whole rice stocks prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 had lower pH values than the whole rice stocks prepared in example 2, and had higher silage completion rates than example 2. Wherein comparative example 1 did not sterilize the whole rice plant; comparative example 2 lactobacillus plantarum strain was changed to lactobacillus plantarum; in comparative example 3, the whole rice was not sterilized, and the Lactobacillus plantarum strain was changed to Lactobacillus plantarum.

In conclusion, Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 is a Lactobacillus plantarum strain with excellent probiotic properties, which has excellent gastric acid, intestinal juice and bile salt tolerance in the digestive system;

soaking and cleaning whole rice plants to be processed, cleaning dirt adhered to the whole rice plants, sterilizing bacteria on the whole rice plants, improving the silage success rate, keeping the silage temperature at 30-35 ℃, enabling Lactobacillus plantarum P-8 to be capable of rapidly propagating, and improving the silage efficiency;

the complete plant rice is ensiled by adding Lactobacillus plantarum P-8, the pH value of the ensiled complete plant rice is reduced, the lactic acid content is improved, the fermentation time can be shortened by 4-6 days, the fermentation is uniform, the problem of poor palatability is solved, and the complete plant rice can be used for preparing the silage with feeding value.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.