阅读说明：本技术 一种用于检测预应力值的表面超声波装置及方法 (Surface ultrasonic device and method for detecting prestress value ) 是由 张兴斌 房厦 张忠 吴婧姝 于 2020-12-22 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种用于检测预应力值的表面超声波装置及方法。其中的方法包括：将发射端的第一球形超声波探头嵌入在第一底座的斜面中,并将第一底座设置在待测结构体的表面上；将接收端设置在待测结构体的表面上；将第一球形超声波探头和接收端中的第二超声波探头分别与控制中心连接；第一球形超声波探头向待测结构体发送超声波；第二超声波探头从待测结构体接收超声波；控制中心根据第一球形超声波探头发送的超声波的信息以及第二超声波探头接收的超声波的信息,计算得到待测结构体内部的预应力。应用本发明可以对待测结构体的内部的预应力状态进行无损检测。(The invention provides a surface ultrasonic device and a surface ultrasonic method for detecting a prestress value. The method comprises the following steps: embedding a first spherical ultrasonic probe of a transmitting end into an inclined plane of a first base, and arranging the first base on the surface of a structure body to be detected; arranging a receiving end on the surface of the structural body to be detected; respectively connecting the first spherical ultrasonic probe and a second ultrasonic probe in the receiving end with a control center; the first spherical ultrasonic probe sends ultrasonic waves to the structure to be detected; the second ultrasonic probe receives ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected; and the control center calculates and obtains the prestress in the structure to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe. The invention can be used for carrying out nondestructive testing on the internal prestress state of the structure body to be tested.)

1. A surface ultrasonic device for detecting a value of a prestress, the device comprising: the system comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end and a control center;

the transmitting end and the receiving end are both arranged on the surface of the structure body to be detected; a preset first distance is arranged between the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the transmitting end subassembly includes: a first spherical ultrasonic probe and a first base;

the bottom surface of the first base is abutted against the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the first base; the first spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the first base; the first spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center;

the first spherical ultrasonic probe is used for sending ultrasonic waves to a structure body to be detected;

the receiving end includes: a second ultrasonic probe; the second ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center;

the second ultrasonic probe is used for receiving ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected;

and the control center is used for calculating and obtaining the prestress in the structure to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

and the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is a plane ultrasonic probe.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the receiving end comprises: a second spherical ultrasonic probe and a second base;

the bottom surface of the second base is abutted with the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the first base is made of bakelite.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the second base is made of bakelite.

6. A method of detecting a pre-stress value, the method comprising the steps of:

embedding a first spherical ultrasonic probe of a transmitting end into an inclined plane of a first base, and arranging the first base on the surface of a structure body to be detected;

arranging a receiving end on the surface of the structural body to be detected;

respectively connecting the first spherical ultrasonic probe and a second ultrasonic probe in the receiving end with a control center;

the first spherical ultrasonic probe sends ultrasonic waves to the structure to be detected;

the second ultrasonic probe receives ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected;

and the control center calculates and obtains the prestress in the structure to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein:

and the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is a plane ultrasonic probe.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the receiving end comprises: a second spherical ultrasonic probe and a second base;

the bottom surface of the second base is abutted with the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein:

the first base is made of bakelite.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein:

the second base is made of bakelite.

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of prestress detection, in particular to a surface ultrasonic device and a method for detecting a prestress value.

Background

The prestress value of a large-volume concrete structure (for example, a containment vessel of a nuclear power plant, etc.) is always a major concern for the safety of the large-volume concrete structure, and various methods for detecting and monitoring the prestress value exist in the prior art. For example, a reinforcing bar gauge may be disposed on the reinforcing bars inside thereof, and a strain gauge or the like may be installed inside the concrete at the inner near surface thereof. The built-in technical scheme in the prior art can better realize the detection and long-term monitoring of the prestress value. However, in the actual implementation process, a problem of system failure due to damage of sensors, strain gauges and the like embedded inside the structure or damage of cables occurs; moreover, since the sensors and strain gauges are pre-embedded in the structure, such devices cannot be replaced. Therefore, a technical solution for detecting the prestress value on the structure surface needs to be provided as a guarantee.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a surface ultrasonic apparatus and a method for detecting a prestress value, so that a nondestructive inspection of a prestress state of an interior of a structure to be tested can be performed.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

a surface ultrasonic device for detecting a value of a prestress, the device comprising: the system comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end and a control center;

the transmitting end and the receiving end are both arranged on the surface of the structure body to be detected; a preset first distance is arranged between the transmitting end and the receiving end;

the transmitting end subassembly includes: a first spherical ultrasonic probe and a first base;

the bottom surface of the first base is abutted against the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the first base; the first spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the first base; the first spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center;

the first spherical ultrasonic probe is used for sending ultrasonic waves to a structure body to be detected;

the receiving end includes: a second ultrasonic probe; the second ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center;

the second ultrasonic probe is used for receiving ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected;

and the control center is used for calculating and obtaining the prestress in the structure to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe.

Preferably, the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is a planar ultrasonic probe.

Preferably, the receiving end includes: a second spherical ultrasonic probe and a second base;

the bottom surface of the second base is abutted with the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center.

Preferably, the first base is made of bakelite.

Preferably, the second base is made of bakelite.

The invention also provides a method for detecting the prestress value, which comprises the following steps:

embedding a first spherical ultrasonic probe of a transmitting end into an inclined plane of a first base, and arranging the first base on the surface of a structure body to be detected;

arranging a receiving end on the surface of the structural body to be detected;

respectively connecting the first spherical ultrasonic probe and a second ultrasonic probe in the receiving end with a control center;

the first spherical ultrasonic probe sends ultrasonic waves to the structure to be detected;

the second ultrasonic probe receives ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected;

and the control center calculates and obtains the prestress in the structure to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe.

Preferably, the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is a planar ultrasonic probe.

Preferably, the receiving end includes: a second spherical ultrasonic probe and a second base;

the bottom surface of the second base is abutted with the surface of the structure body to be detected; an inclined plane is arranged on the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the second base; the second spherical ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center.

Preferably, the first base is made of bakelite.

Preferably, the second base is made of bakelite.

As can be seen from the above, in the surface ultrasonic device and the method for detecting a prestress value in the present invention, a transmitting end, a receiving end, and a control center are provided, the spherical ultrasonic probe and the base are provided in the transmitting end, the spherical ultrasonic probe transmits ultrasonic waves to the structure to be detected, the receiving end receives the ultrasonic waves from the structure to be detected, and finally the control center calculates the prestress inside the structure to be detected according to the information of the transmitted ultrasonic waves and the information of the received ultrasonic waves, so that the prestress state inside the structure to be detected can be detected. At the moment, the transmitting end and the receiving end are arranged on the surface of the structure body to be detected and are not required to be arranged in the structure body to be detected, so that the nondestructive detection can be really realized by utilizing the surface wave detection method without embedding a sensor in the structure body to be detected, and the nondestructive detection of the prestress state in the structure body to be detected can be conveniently carried out.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface ultrasonic device for detecting a prestress value in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a pre-stress value according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the invention more apparent, the invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surface ultrasonic device for detecting a prestress value in an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the surface ultrasonic device for detecting a prestress value in the embodiment of the present invention includes: a transmitting terminal 11, a receiving terminal 12 and a control center 13;

the transmitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 are both arranged on the surface of the structural body to be tested 10; a preset first distance is arranged between the transmitting end 11 and the receiving end 12;

the transmitting terminal 11 includes: a first spherical ultrasonic probe 111 and a first base 112;

the bottom surface of the first base 112 abuts against the surface of the structure to be measured 10; an inclined plane is arranged on the first base 112; the first spherical ultrasonic probe 111 is embedded in the inclined plane of the first base 112; the first spherical ultrasonic probe 111 is connected with the control center 13;

the first spherical ultrasonic probe 111 is configured to transmit ultrasonic waves to the structure 10 to be measured;

the receiving end 12 includes: a second ultrasonic probe; the second ultrasonic probe is connected with the control center 13;

the second ultrasonic probe is used for receiving ultrasonic waves from the structural body 10 to be detected;

the control center 13 is configured to calculate the prestress inside the structure to be measured 10 according to the information of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the first spherical ultrasonic probe 111 and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe.

In the surface ultrasonic device for detecting the prestress value, the transmitting end is provided with the spherical ultrasonic probe and the base, and the spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the base, so that when the spherical ultrasonic probe transmits ultrasonic waves to the structure to be detected, the transmitted ultrasonic waves can be uniformly and directionally propagated along the surface of the structure to be detected through the base. When the internal of the structure to be measured has a prestress (for example, a prestressed corrugated pipe is embedded in the internal of the structure to be measured), the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave is inevitably affected by the internal prestress when the ultrasonic wave propagates in the internal of the structure to be measured. Therefore, the receiving end can receive the ultrasonic waves from the structure to be measured and transmit information of the received ultrasonic waves to the control center. The control center can calculate the prestress in the structure body to be measured according to the information of the ultrasonic waves sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic waves received by the second ultrasonic probe, so that the prestress state in the structure body to be measured can be judged.

For example, in the technical solution of the present invention, the prestress state inside the structure to be measured can be determined in the following manner.

The measurement is carried out based on the acoustic wave acoustic elasticity formula, and the change of the acoustic wave speed can be used for obtaining:

wherein v is_tIn stress sigma of the structure to be measured₁、σ₂Propagation velocity of ultrasonic wave in the state, v₀The propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave of the structural body to be measured in an unstressed state is K, and K is the acoustic elastic coefficient of the ultrasonic wave.

Therefore, after the control center knows the information of the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe, the prestress state in the structure to be measured can be judged according to the formula.

In addition, in the technical solution of the present invention, the receiving end may be implemented by using various implementation methods. The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below by taking several specific implementation manners as examples.

For example, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is a planar ultrasonic probe.

For another example, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the receiving end includes: a second spherical ultrasonic probe 121 and a second base 122;

the bottom surface of the second base 122 abuts against the surface of the structure to be measured 10; an inclined plane is arranged on the second base 122; the second spherical ultrasonic probe 121 is embedded in the inclined surface of the second base 122; the second spherical ultrasonic probe 121 is connected to the control center 13.

In this embodiment, a spherical ultrasonic probe may also be used in the receiving end, and the spherical ultrasonic probe is embedded in the inclined plane of the base, so that the base can be used to more uniformly receive the ultrasonic waves propagated along the structure to be measured, and the function of the spherical ultrasonic probe to receive the ultrasonic waves in all directions is used to more comprehensively and uniformly receive the ultrasonic waves from the structure to be measured, so as to obtain clearer and more accurate ultrasonic information.

In addition, as an example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first base is made of a material such as bakelite, so that ultrasonic waves can be better transmitted.

In addition, as an example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the second base may be made of a material such as bakelite, so as to better receive the ultrasonic wave.

In addition, in the technical solution of the present invention, the first distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end may be preset according to the needs of the actual application, and is not described herein again.

In addition, the invention also provides a method for detecting the prestress value in the technical scheme.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a pre-stress value according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2, the method for detecting a pre-stress value in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

and 21, embedding the first spherical ultrasonic probe at the transmitting end into the inclined plane of the first base, and arranging the first base on the surface of the structure to be measured.

And step 22, arranging the receiving end on the surface of the structure body to be measured.

And step 23, respectively connecting the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the second ultrasonic probe in the receiving end with the control center.

And 24, the first spherical ultrasonic probe sends ultrasonic waves to the structure to be measured.

And step 25, the second ultrasonic probe receives ultrasonic waves from the structural body to be measured.

And 26, calculating by the control center according to the information of the ultrasonic wave sent by the first spherical ultrasonic probe and the information of the ultrasonic wave received by the second ultrasonic probe to obtain the prestress in the structure to be measured.

Through the steps 21-26, the internal prestress of the structure to be detected can be obtained through the detection of the surface ultrasonic device.

In the aspect of the present invention, the second ultrasonic probe on the receiving side may be a planar ultrasonic probe or a spherical ultrasonic probe (i.e., a second spherical ultrasonic probe). When in use

When the second ultrasonic probe of the receiving end is the second spherical ultrasonic probe, the receiving end also comprises a second base. When the receiving end is used, the second spherical ultrasonic probe may be embedded in the inclined surface of the second base, and the second base may be disposed on the surface of the structure to be measured.

In summary, in the technical solution of the present invention, a transmitting end, a receiving end and a control center are provided, a spherical ultrasonic probe and a base are provided in the transmitting end, ultrasonic waves are transmitted to a structure to be tested through the spherical ultrasonic probe, the ultrasonic waves are received from the structure to be tested through the receiving end, and finally, the control center calculates the internal prestress of the structure to be tested according to the information of the transmitted ultrasonic waves and the information of the received ultrasonic waves, so that the internal prestress state of the structure to be tested can be detected. At the moment, the transmitting end and the receiving end are arranged on the surface of the structure body to be detected and are not required to be arranged in the structure body to be detected, so that the nondestructive detection can be really realized by utilizing the surface wave detection method without embedding a sensor in the structure body to be detected, and the nondestructive detection of the prestress state in the structure body to be detected can be conveniently carried out.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.