阅读说明：本技术 一种用于测试平板试验件相关性能的实验装置 (Experimental device for testing correlation performance of flat test piece ) 是由 蔡志东 叶梓炜 秦斌 王青山 陈雅孺 于 2020-12-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种用于测试平板试验件相关性能的实验装置,包括安装基座、两个夹持支架和偶数个夹爪结构,其中两个夹持支架对称安装在安装基座两端,每个夹持支架上有两列多行安装孔,所述夹爪结构包括夹持件和两个滑杆,所述夹持件包括下夹板,下夹板的内端设置夹持部,外端和中间位置分别开有滑孔,两个滑杆分别安装在每个夹持支架的同一行的两个安装孔中,并分别穿过下夹板的两个滑孔,由此每对夹爪结构对称安装在两个夹持支架上。本发明通过弹簧的伸缩量来改变边界的弹性系数,实现了不同的边界条件,以适应相关测试的要求,可用于对板类试验件进行模态、瞬态响应、稳态响应的波动特性测试试验。(The utility model provides an experimental apparatus for be used for testing dull and stereotyped test piece correlation performance, includes mounting base, two centre gripping supports and an even number clamping jaw structure, and wherein two centre gripping supports symmetry are installed at the mounting base both ends, has two multirow mounting holes on every centre gripping support, the clamping jaw structure includes holder and two slide bars, the holder includes the lower plate, and the inner of lower plate sets up the clamping part, and outer end and intermediate position are opened respectively has the slide opening, and two slide bars are installed respectively in two mounting holes of same line of every centre gripping support to pass two slide openings of lower plate respectively, and every pair clamping jaw structural symmetry is installed on two centre gripping supports from this. The invention changes the elastic coefficient of the boundary through the extension and retraction amount of the spring, realizes different boundary conditions to adapt to the requirements of related tests, and can be used for testing the fluctuation characteristics of modal, transient response and steady-state response of the plate type test piece.)

1. An experimental device for testing the relevant performance of a flat plate test piece is characterized by comprising a mounting base (4), two clamping supports (1) and an even number of clamping jaw structures (3), wherein the two clamping supports (1) are symmetrically mounted at two ends of the mounting base (4), two rows and multiple rows of mounting holes are formed in each clamping support (1), each clamping jaw structure (3) comprises a clamping piece and two sliding rods (31), each clamping piece comprises a lower clamping plate (34), a clamping part is arranged at the inner end of each lower clamping plate (34), sliding holes are formed in the outer end and the middle position of each lower clamping plate respectively, the two sliding rods (31) are mounted in the two mounting holes in the same row of each clamping support (1) respectively and penetrate through the two sliding holes of the lower clamping plate (34) respectively, the middle positions of the sliding rods (31) are optical sliding rods and form moving pair matching with the sliding holes of the lower clamping plates (34), and the two ends of the sliding rods (31) are stepped threads, through the first stage of the stepped threads, two ends of a sliding rod (31) are fixedly connected between the mounting base (4) and the clamping support (1) through sliding rod nuts (2), and through the second stage of the stepped threads, a spring gland (32) compresses a spring (33) on the upper side and the lower side of a lower clamping plate (34).

2. The experimental device for testing the relevant performance of the flat plate test piece according to claim 1, wherein two rows of mounting holes are respectively formed at two ends of the mounting base (4), and the mounting holes on the mounting base (4) correspond to the mounting holes on the clamping bracket (1) one by one.

3. Experimental apparatus for testing the relative properties of flat test elements according to claim 1, characterized in that each pair of jaw structures (3) is symmetrically mounted on two clamping supports (1).

4. The experimental apparatus for testing the relevant properties of flat test pieces according to claim 1, wherein the upper clamping plate (36) is assembled above the inner end of the lower clamping plate (34) by a clamping plate bolt (35) and a clamping plate nut (37) to form a clamping portion.

5. The experimental device for testing the relevant performance of the flat plate test piece as claimed in claim 4, wherein a round boss is formed below the outer end of the upper clamping plate (36), the upper clamping plate (36) can rotate around the round boss, a slotted hole is formed above the inner end of the upper clamping plate (36), and the gap between the clamping ends of the upper clamping plate (36) and the lower clamping plate (34) can be adjusted through a clamping plate bolt (35) and a clamping plate nut (37) so as to clamp a workpiece.

6. The experimental apparatus for testing the relative performance of the flat plate test pieces according to claim 1, wherein the boundary condition of the flat plate is changed by changing the pre-tightening force of the spring (33) by adjusting the position of the spring gland (32).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of test clamping devices, and particularly relates to an experimental device for testing the relevant performance of a flat plate test piece.

Background

Sheet-like structures are one of the components used in large numbers in many industrial sectors, such as aerospace, where such structures are typically subjected to in-plane pressure loads, with buckling being the primary form of structural failure. Buckling generally occurs suddenly, and for a plate shell bearing a compressive load, the bearing capacity of the structure is greatly reduced after buckling, the deformation is increased rapidly, and finally damage is caused, even disastrous results are caused. And the sheet-type structure is subjected to related mechanical performance tests, which is helpful for understanding the dynamic characteristics and failure mechanism of the sheet-type structure.

The inventor of the application discovers that the effect of the clamping plate type test piece of the existing clamping experiment table is poor in the process of realizing experimental operation, and each mechanical characteristic of the test piece of the thin plate type structure is very difficult to test, so that the experimental device for testing the related performance of the flat plate type test piece is correspondingly designed, and the experimental device is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an experimental device for testing the related performance of a flat plate test piece, which changes the elastic coefficient of a boundary through the expansion and contraction amount of a spring, realizes different boundary conditions to adapt to the requirements of related tests, and can be used for testing the fluctuation characteristics of modal, transient response and steady state response of the flat plate test piece.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

an experimental device for testing the relevant performance of a flat plate test piece comprises a mounting base 4, two clamping supports 1 and an even number of clamping jaw structures 3, wherein the two clamping supports 1 are symmetrically mounted at two ends of the mounting base 4, two rows of mounting holes are formed in each clamping support 1, each clamping jaw structure 3 comprises a clamping piece and two sliding rods 31, each clamping piece comprises a lower clamping plate 34, a clamping portion is arranged at the inner end of each lower clamping plate 34, sliding holes are formed in the outer end and the middle position of each lower clamping plate 34 respectively, the two sliding rods 31 are mounted in the two mounting holes in the same row of each clamping support 1 respectively and penetrate through the two sliding holes of the lower clamping plate 34 respectively, and therefore each pair of clamping jaw structures 3 are symmetrically mounted on the two clamping supports 1.

The middle position of the sliding rod 31 is a smooth rod and forms a sliding pair fit with a sliding hole of the lower clamping plate 34, so that the lower clamping plate 34 slides up and down, other degrees of freedom are limited, two ends of the sliding rod 31 are stepped threads, two ends of the sliding rod 31 are fixedly connected between the mounting base 4 and the clamping bracket 1 through a sliding rod nut 2 through a first stage of the stepped threads, and the spring 33 is pressed on the upper side and the lower side of the lower clamping plate 34 through a spring pressing cover 32 through a second stage of the stepped threads.

Two rows of mounting holes are formed in two ends of the mounting base 4 respectively, and the mounting holes in the mounting base 4 correspond to the mounting holes in the clamping support 1 one by one.

The upper portion of the inner end of the lower clamp plate 34 is assembled with an upper clamp plate 36 by a clamp bolt 35 and a clamp nut 37 to form a clamping portion.

A circular boss is processed below the outer end of the upper clamping plate 36, the upper clamping plate 36 can rotate around the circular boss, a slotted hole is processed above the inner end of the upper clamping plate 36, and a gap between the clamping ends of the upper clamping plate 36 and the lower clamping plate 34 can be adjusted through a clamping plate bolt 35 and a clamping plate nut 37 so as to clamp a workpiece.

The invention changes the pretightening force of the spring 33 by adjusting the position of the spring gland 32, thereby changing the boundary condition of the flat plate.

Compared with the prior art, the invention can test the relevant mechanical properties of the flat-plate-shaped test piece under different boundary conditions. The structure design is ingenious, and the use is flexible and convenient.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the experiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a jaw structure.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a plate experiment apparatus.

In the figure: 1. clamping the bracket; 2. a slide bar nut; 3. a jaw structure; 4. mounting a base; 5. a base nut; 6. a base bolt; 31. a slide bar; 32. a spring gland; 33. a spring; 34. a lower splint; 35. a clamp plate bolt; 36. an upper splint; 37. a splint nut.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

The invention relates to an experimental device for testing the relevant performance of a flat plate test piece, which can be used for testing the test of the flat plate test piece under different boundary conditions, and mainly comprises an installation base 4, two clamping supports 1 and an even number of clamping jaw structures 3, wherein two parallel rows of installation holes are respectively processed at two ends of the installation base 4, and a plurality of installation holes are arranged in each row, namely, the installation holes are distributed in two rows and multiple lines. The two clamping supports 1 are respectively installed at two ends of the installation base 4 through installation holes at the end parts by using base nuts 5 and base bolts 6, and the clamping supports 1 are also provided with two parallel rows of installation holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the installation base 4 in the vertical direction.

Each pair of clamping jaw structures 3 are symmetrically arranged in four mounting holes of the two clamping brackets 1 on the same straight line, and the core structures of the clamping jaw structures 3 are clamping pieces and two sliding rods 31.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the clamping member includes a lower plate 34, a clamping portion is provided at an inner end of the lower plate 34, sliding holes are respectively formed at an outer end and a middle position, and two sliding rods 31 are respectively installed in two installation holes of the same row of each clamping bracket 1 and respectively penetrate through the two sliding holes of the lower plate 34.

The middle position of the sliding rod 31 is a smooth rod, and forms a sliding pair matching with the sliding hole of the lower clamp plate 34, so that the lower clamp plate 34 has limited freedom degrees except for up-and-down sliding. The two ends of the sliding rod 31 are stepped threads, the two ends of the sliding rod 31 are fixedly connected with the corresponding mounting holes on the mounting base 4 and the clamping bracket 1 through the sliding rod nuts 2 through the first stage of the stepped threads, the spring gland 32 tightly presses the springs 33 on the upper side and the lower side of the lower clamping plate 34 through the second stage of the stepped threads, and the pre-tightening force of the springs can be changed by rotating and adjusting the spring gland 32, so that the rigidity of an elastic boundary is changed, and the effect of realizing different boundary conditions is achieved.

In the invention, a clamping part is formed by assembling an upper clamping plate 36 through a clamping plate bolt 35 and a clamping plate nut 37 above the inner end of a lower clamping plate 34, a round boss is processed below the outer end of the upper clamping plate 36, the upper clamping plate 36 can rotate around the round boss, mounting slotted holes are processed at corresponding positions of the upper clamping plate 36 and the lower clamping plate 34, and the clamping plate bolt 35 and the clamping plate nut 37 are mounted in the mounting holes, as shown in a schematic diagram of a flat plate experimental device in figure 4, the tightness of the clamping plate bolt 35 and the clamping plate nut 37 is adjusted, so that the gap between the clamping ends of the upper clamping plate 36 and the lower clamping plate 34 is adjusted.

The following are specific methods for performing plate-related assays:

two sliding rods 31 respectively penetrate through two sliding holes of a lower clamping plate 34 and move to a smooth position in the middle of the sliding rod 31, springs 33 are sleeved on the sliding rods 31 on two sides of the lower clamping plate 34, spring pressing covers 32 are rotatably installed, the springs 33 are pressed, an upper clamping plate 36 is installed on the lower clamping plate 34 through a clamping plate bolt 35 and a clamping plate nut 37 through an installation hole 34 on the other side of the lower clamping plate, a boss of the upper clamping plate 36 is installed between the upper clamping plate 36 and the lower clamping plate 34, and the installation of the clamping jaw structure 3 is completed. And then, the installed clamping jaw structure 3 is installed in corresponding installation holes of the installation base 4 and the clamping bracket 1, slide bar nuts 32 at two ends of the clamping jaw structure 3 are installed to fix the position of the clamping jaw section back 3, and then the base nut 5 and the base bolt 6 are locked to fix the whole device. And finally, adjusting the tightness between the clamping plate bolt 35 and the clamping plate nut 37 by the Zhuge, installing the flat plate, and locking the clamping plate nut 37 to obtain an installation effect diagram as shown in figure 4, namely completing the clamping of the test piece. And then, exciting the test piece by adopting a vibration exciter or a force hammer, and measuring vibration data by a sensor arranged on the test piece to obtain the natural frequency and the vibration mode of the flat plate at different boundaries.