阅读说明：本技术 一种连续式利用过热蒸汽加工物料的处理器及其应用 (Processor for continuously processing materials by utilizing superheated steam and application thereof ) 是由 徐学明 马永帅 卢闻州 杨哪 吴凤凤 陈益胜 金亚美 徐丹 于 2021-01-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：一种连续式利用过热蒸汽加工物料的处理器及其应用,属于食品、农产品热加工技术领域。其包括壳体、进料斗、传动轮、第一进气管道、第二进气管道、夹套排气口、出料口和支架；所述壳体上方设有进料斗,壳体的一端设有传动轮；所述壳体通过支架固定；所述壳体上还设有第一进气管道、第二进气管道、夹套排气口和出料口；所述第一进气管道和第二进气管道位于进料斗的近端,所述出料口位于进料斗的远端；所述夹套排气口靠近出料口。通过预热、通过热蒸汽和进料的过程完成物料处理。本发明能够高效的解决传统蒸汽带来的局限性,适合热敏性,吸水性物料的加热处理,高效节能,处理效果好。(A processor for continuously processing materials by utilizing superheated steam and application thereof belong to the technical field of food and agricultural product thermal processing. The device comprises a shell, a feed hopper, a driving wheel, a first air inlet pipeline, a second air inlet pipeline, a jacket exhaust port, a discharge port and a bracket; a feed hopper is arranged above the shell, and a driving wheel is arranged at one end of the shell; the shell is fixed through a bracket; the shell is also provided with a first air inlet pipeline, a second air inlet pipeline, a jacket exhaust port and a discharge port; the first air inlet pipeline and the second air inlet pipeline are positioned at the near end of the feed hopper, and the discharge hole is positioned at the far end of the feed hopper; the jacket exhaust port is close to the discharge port. Material treatment is accomplished by preheating, by hot steam and by feeding. The invention can efficiently solve the limitation caused by the traditional steam, is suitable for the heating treatment of heat-sensitive and water-absorbent materials, and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and good treatment effect.)

1. A continuous processor for processing materials by utilizing superheated steam is characterized in that: comprises a shell (101), a feed hopper (102), a driving wheel (103), a first air inlet pipeline (104), a second air inlet pipeline (105), a jacket exhaust port (106), a discharge port (107) and a bracket (108); a feed hopper (102) is arranged above the shell (101), and one end of the shell (101) is provided with a driving wheel (103); the shell (101) is fixed through a bracket (108);

the shell (101) is also provided with a first air inlet pipeline (104), a second air inlet pipeline (105), a jacket exhaust port (106) and a discharge port (107); the first air inlet pipe (104) and the second air inlet pipe (105) are positioned at the near end of the feed hopper (102), and the discharge hole (107) is positioned at the far end of the feed hopper (102); the jacket exhaust port (106) is close to the discharge port (107).

2. The continuous material processor using superheated steam according to claim 1, wherein: the hot pot also comprises a heat preservation layer (202), a jacket (201), a rotating shaft (203), blades (204) and a cavity (205) arranged in the shell (101);

a rotating shaft (203) is arranged in a cavity (205) formed in the shell (101), and blades (204) are arranged on the rotating shaft (203); the rotating shaft (203) is driven by a driving wheel (103); a heat-insulating layer (202) is arranged outside the shell (101), and a jacket (201) is arranged in the heat-insulating layer (202);

the first air inlet duct (104) is communicated with the cavity (205); the second air inlet pipeline (105) and the jacket exhaust port (106) are communicated with the jacket (201).

3. The application of the processor for continuously processing materials by using superheated steam is characterized in that:

(1) preheating: preheating a processor for continuously processing materials by using superheated steam, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-300 ℃, and the preheating time is 15-25 min;

(2) by means of hot steam: passing hot steam through the second gas inlet pipe (105) to the inside of the jacket (201); passing hot steam into the cavity (205) through the first inlet duct (104); controlling the moisture content of the superheated steam mixed with the material by adjusting the superheated steam flow;

(3) feeding: opening a valve of the feed hopper (102) and adding the materials; opening a rotating shaft (203), and directly contacting and mixing the superheated steam with the material under the rotation of the rotating shaft; the superheated steam treatment time of the material is adjusted by adjusting the rotation speed of the rotating shaft, and then the material subjected to the superheated steam treatment is discharged through a discharge port (107).

4. Use of a processor for continuously processing material with superheated steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (2), the temperature of the superheated steam passing through the first air inlet pipeline (104) and the second air inlet pipeline (105) is the same and is both 100 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the specific temperature is selected according to different materials to be treated.

5. Use of a processor for continuously processing material with superheated steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pressure of the inlet of the superheated steam in the step (2) is 0.1-4 MPa.

6. Use of a processor for continuously processing material with superheated steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: the air inflow of the superheated steam in the step (2) is not less than 20 kg/h; the humidity is controlled by adjusting the air intake amount.

7. Use of a processor for continuously processing material with superheated steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step (3), the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is controlled to be 20-300 r/min.

8. Use of a processor for continuously processing material with superheated steam according to claim 3, characterized in that: the processing material is a granular, blocky or powdery product in the fields of agricultural products, fruit and vegetable products, grains, coarse cereals and staple food rice and flour products.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a processor for continuously processing materials by utilizing superheated steam and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of thermal processing of food and agricultural products.

Background

Thermal processing of food is a technological approach to food processing, making the product more palatable and profitable. The traditional heat treatment has the disadvantages of long treatment time, more nutrient loss and low heat treatment efficiency during processing. Although the steam can process food at a relatively high temperature, the food needs to be pressurized, and the saturated steam needs to be pressurized to 3.8MPa at 150 ℃, so that the cost and equipment loss are increased, and the potential safety hazard is increased. On one hand, the steam is pressurized, and under the action of higher pressure, the cells are subjected to pressure action, the cells are broken, the tissue structure of the material is damaged, and the quality of the product is reduced; on the other hand, steam contains much moisture, and when water-absorbing raw materials are treated, the steam is mixed with the raw materials, and the steam is condensed into water drops, so that particularly, powdery materials are seriously agglomerated and need to be treated again.

With the advancement of technology, the use of superheated steam in the food processing field has become possible. The superheated steam has high enthalpy and can rapidly transfer heat to the processed material to rapidly raise the temperature of the processed material. The main advantages of food processing using superheated steam are better product quality (color, shrinkage and hydration characteristics), reduced oxidation losses and improved energy efficiency.

Therefore, the continuous processor for processing the materials by utilizing the superheated steam is designed, and the limitation of the traditional steam in material processing can be effectively solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects, provides the continuous processor for processing the materials by utilizing the superheated steam and the application thereof, can efficiently solve the limitations brought by the traditional steam, and is suitable for processing the heat-sensitive and water-absorbent materials.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the processor for continuously processing materials by utilizing superheated steam comprises a shell, a feed hopper, a driving wheel, a first air inlet pipeline, a second air inlet pipeline, a jacket exhaust port, a discharge port and a bracket; a feed hopper is arranged above the shell, and a driving wheel is arranged at one end of the shell; the shell is fixed through a bracket;

the shell is also provided with a first air inlet pipeline, a second air inlet pipeline, a jacket exhaust port and a discharge port; the first air inlet pipeline and the second air inlet pipeline are positioned at the near end of the feed hopper, and the discharge hole is positioned at the far end of the feed hopper; the jacket exhaust port is close to the discharge port.

Furthermore, the shell is also provided with a heat-insulating layer, and the shell also comprises a jacket, a rotating shaft, blades and a cavity;

a rotating shaft is arranged in a cavity formed in the shell, and blades are arranged on the rotating shaft; the rotating shaft is driven by a driving wheel; a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the shell, and a jacket is arranged in the heat-insulating layer;

the first air inlet pipeline is communicated with the cavity; and the second air inlet pipeline and the jacket exhaust port are communicated with the jacket.

The superheated steam enters the cavity from the first air inlet pipeline and then flows out from the tail end of the cavity; the superheated steam in the jacket enters the jacket from the second air inlet pipeline and is discharged from the exhaust port of the jacket.

The application of the processor for continuously processing the material by using the superheated steam comprises the following steps:

(1) preheating: preheating a processor for continuously processing materials by using superheated steam, wherein the preheating temperature is 100-300 ℃, and the preheating time is 15-25 min;

(2) by means of hot steam: hot steam is led into the jacket through a second air inlet pipeline; hot steam is led into the cavity through the first air inlet pipeline; controlling the moisture content of the superheated steam mixed with the material by adjusting the superheated steam flow;

(3) feeding: opening a valve of the feed hopper, and adding materials; opening the rotating shaft, and directly contacting and mixing the superheated steam with the material under the rotation of the rotating shaft; the superheated steam treatment time of the material is adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the rotating shaft, and then the material processed by the superheated steam is discharged through the discharge port.

Further, the temperature of the superheated steam passing through the first air inlet pipeline and the second air inlet pipeline in the step (2) is the same and is both 100 ℃ and 300 ℃, and the specific temperature is selected according to different materials to be treated.

Further, the pressure of the superheated steam at the inlet in the step (2) is 0.1-4 MPa.

Further, the air inflow of the superheated steam in the step (2) is not less than 20 kg/h; the humidity is controlled by adjusting the air intake amount.

Further, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft in the step (3) is controlled to be 20-300 r/min.

The processing material is a granular, blocky or powdery product in the fields of agricultural products, fruit and vegetable products, grains, coarse cereals and staple food rice and flour products.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention can efficiently solve the limitation caused by the traditional steam, is suitable for the heating treatment of heat-sensitive and water-absorbent materials, and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and good treatment effect. The invention can also obviously shorten the time of heat treatment, reduce the operating pressure in the treatment process, ensure that the processed materials can be continuously treated by superheated steam, and reduce the treatment period and the operation cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the housing of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a scan of a center slice of a cake from application example 5.

Description of reference numerals: 101. a housing; 102. a feed hopper; 103. a driving wheel; 104. a first air intake duct; 105. a second air intake duct; 106. a jacket exhaust port; 107. a discharge port; 108. a support; 201. a jacket; 202. a heat-insulating layer; 203. a rotating shaft; 204. a blade; 205. a cavity.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Modifications of the invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art, are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims, unless they depart therefrom.

EXAMPLE 1A processor for continuously processing materials with superheated steam

As shown in fig. 1-2, comprises a housing 101, a feed hopper 102, a driving wheel 103, a first air inlet pipe 104, a second air inlet pipe 105, a jacket exhaust port 106, a discharge port 107 and a bracket 108; a feed hopper 102 is arranged above the shell 101, and one end of the shell 101 is provided with a driving wheel 103; the housing 101 is fixed by a bracket 108;

the shell 101 is also provided with a first air inlet pipeline 104, a second air inlet pipeline 105, a jacket exhaust port 106 and a discharge port 107; the first air inlet duct 104 and the second air inlet duct 105 are located at the proximal end of the feed hopper 102, and the discharge port 107 is located at the distal end of the feed hopper 102; the jacket exhaust port 106 is adjacent to the discharge port 107.

The shell 101 is provided with a heat insulation layer 202, and the shell 101 also comprises a jacket 201, a rotating shaft 203, blades 204 and a cavity 205;

a rotating shaft 203 is arranged in a cavity 205 formed in the shell 101, and blades 204 are arranged on the rotating shaft 203; the rotating shaft 203 is driven by a driving wheel 103; a heat-insulating layer 202 is arranged outside the shell 101, and a jacket 201 is arranged in the heat-insulating layer 202;

the first air inlet duct 104 is in communication with the cavity 205; the second inlet pipe 105 and the jacket exhaust port 106 are both in communication with the jacket 201.

Application example 1 study of superheated steam drying treatment of corn kernels

With the device described in example 1, superheated steam was introduced into the first inlet duct 104 and the second inlet duct 105. The flow rate is 20kg/h, the temperature is 200 ℃, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is adjusted to 300rpm, the material is added into the feed hopper, and the material is collected at the discharge port. The material processing time is 120 s. The moisture content was measured.

As a result, it was found that: the moisture content of the corn kernels is reduced from 16.04% to 13.58%, and the superheated steam treatment needs 120 s.

Application example 2 study of superheated steam sterilization treatment of corn kernels

With the device described in example 1, superheated steam was introduced into the first inlet duct 104 and the second inlet duct 105. The flow rate is 20kg/h, the temperature is 200 ℃, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is adjusted to 300rpm, the material is added into the feed hopper, and the material is collected at the discharge port. The material treatment time is 30 s. The contents of bacteria, mold and bacillus were measured.

As a result, it was found that: the contents of bacteria, mould and bacillus are respectively killed by 98.6%, 99.4% and 91.6%.

Application example 3 research on superheated steam processing of corn starch

With the device described in example 1, superheated steam was introduced into the first inlet duct 104 and the second inlet duct 105. The flow rate is 35kg/h, the temperature is 140 ℃, the rotating speed of the rotating shaft is adjusted to 200rpm, the material is added into the feed hopper, and the material is collected at the discharge port. The material treatment time is 60 s. The corn starch viscosity properties were measured.

As a result, it was found that: the viscosity of the corn flour starch is increased by 1.8 times.

Application example 4 study of superheated steam treatment of flour and change of cake quality

With the device described in example 1, superheated steam was introduced into the first inlet duct 104 and the second inlet duct 105. The flow rate was 20kg/h, and the temperatures were set at 130 ℃, 150 ℃ and 170 ℃, respectively. The rotating speed of the rotating shaft is adjusted to 300rpm, materials are added into the feed hopper, and the materials are collected at the discharge port. Material processing times 60s and 240 s.

Flour quality changes are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 influence of superheated steam treatment on flour texture characteristics and drop value

Note: different letters in the same column indicate significant differences between the parameters (p < 0.05);

ND, the peak of the powdery curve is lower than 480 BU.

As can be seen from table 1 above, superheated steam can reduce the strength of the gluten in the flour, thereby altering the functional properties of the flour.

Application example 5

Cakes were simultaneously made using the superheated steam treated flour and the untreated flour of application example 4.

The formula is as follows: 100% of flour (14% of wet base), 130% of fresh whole egg liquid and 110% of soft sugar.

The preparation procedure comprises the following steps: and (3) at room temperature, putting the weighed egg liquid and white sugar into a stirring tank, stirring at a low speed for 1 min, stirring at a high speed for 19 min, pouring flour into the stirring tank, stirring at a low speed for 10 s, scraping the egg paste on the inner wall to the bottom of the tank, and stirring at a low speed for 30 s. The batter was poured into moulds to 150. + -. 0.5 g. Baking in oven for 25min (upper fire 180 deg.C, lower fire 160 deg.C). After baking, cooling to room temperature, and measuring.

The cake quality changes are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 influence of the Heat steaming of flour materials on the texture and specific volume of cakes

Note: different letters in the same column indicate significant differences between the parameters (p < 0.05).

As can be seen from table 2, the superheated steam treatment of the flour can improve the quality characteristics of the cake, reduce the hardness of the cake, and increase the volume of the cake.