阅读说明：本技术 一种聚酰亚胺纤维的染色方法 (Dyeing method of polyimide fiber ) 是由 刘国亮 袁淑军 赵红芝 戴俊 王春霞 宋孝浜 毕红军 吕立斌 周天池 陆振乾 王 于 2020-12-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种聚酰亚胺纤维的染色方法,首先将聚酰亚胺纤维进行球磨,以增加聚酰亚胺纤维的比表面积,接着将球磨后的聚酰亚胺纤维进行等离子处理,然后将处理后的聚酰亚胺纤维进行染色,采用透明纤维素薄膜对染色后的聚酰亚胺纤维进行包覆,然后加热处理使包覆的透明薄膜完全融化,冷却后,对透明纤维素薄膜在融化后产生的突出的部分进行削切,并对削切后的聚酰亚胺纤维表面进行打磨,得到最终染色后的聚酰亚胺纤维产品。本发明方法可有效防止染色母粒的脱落,制得的染色后的聚酰亚胺纤维产品具有很好的色牢度、耐洗性和耐日晒牢度。(The invention discloses a dyeing method of polyimide fibers, which comprises the steps of firstly ball-milling the polyimide fibers to increase the specific surface area of the polyimide fibers, then carrying out plasma treatment on the ball-milled polyimide fibers, then dyeing the treated polyimide fibers, coating the dyed polyimide fibers with a transparent cellulose film, then heating to completely melt the coated transparent film, cutting the protruding part of the transparent cellulose film after melting after cooling, and polishing the surface of the cut polyimide fibers to obtain the finally dyed polyimide fiber product. The method can effectively prevent the dyeing master batch from falling off, and the prepared dyed polyimide fiber product has good color fastness, washing fastness and sunlight fastness.)

1. A method for dyeing polyimide fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) carrying out ball milling on the polyimide fibers to increase the specific surface area of the polyimide fibers and obtain the ball-milled polyimide fibers;

(2) carrying out plasma treatment on the ball-milled polyimide fibers to obtain treated polyimide fibers;

(3) adding the polyimide fibers treated in the step (2) into a dyeing solution for dyeing, and washing and drying after dyeing to obtain dyed polyimide fibers;

(4) and (2) coating the dyed polyimide fibers with a transparent cellulose film, then heating to completely melt the coated transparent film, cooling, cutting the protruded part of the transparent cellulose film after melting, and polishing the surface of the cut polyimide fibers to obtain the finally dyed polyimide fiber product.

2. The method for dyeing polyimide fibers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the rotational speed of the ball mill is 50 to 200 rpm for 50 to 100 seconds.

3. The method for dyeing polyimide fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the power of the plasma treatment is 100-300 watts and the time is 10-80 seconds, and the plasma treatment is performed under an argon, nitrogen or oxygen atmosphere.

4. The method for dyeing polyimide fibers according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the dyeing temperature is 80 to 95 ℃ and the dyeing time is 5 to 20 minutes.

5. The method for dyeing polyimide fibers as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein in the step (4), the temperature of the heat treatment is 200-500 ℃ for 60-80 seconds.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of textile industry, and particularly relates to a method for dyeing polyimide fibers.

Background

Polyimide fiber, abbreviated as PI fiber, is a fiber containing aromatic imide in the molecular chain. Among high-performance fiber varieties, polyimide fibers have become one of the important varieties of high-performance fibers. It not only has the characteristics of high strength and high modulus, but also has the superior performances of high and low temperature resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, radiation resistance, flame retardance, no molten drop, self-extinguishing after leaving fire, excellent heat insulation and the like. The fiber has good spinnability in the aspect of spinning, and can be made into textiles used in various special occasions, such as fire protection clothing, bullet-proof clothing, space suit and the like.

The polyimide fiber has the original color of khaki and single color, has insufficient color vividness in terms of aesthetic sense, and cannot be widely applied to daily clothes or home furnishing. Therefore, it is necessary to dye it. However, polyimide fibers are difficult to dye due to high glass transition temperature, so that the application of the polyimide fibers in the textile industry is limited. The method utilizes the high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, flame retardance, excellent dimensional stability and good textile processing performance of polyimide fibers to develop various flame-retardant protective fabrics and decorative fabrics, and firstly solves the problems of the dyeing performance of polyphenylene sulfide fibers and the practical dyeing processing production technology.

In the prior art, the dye is added to directly dye under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, so that the energy consumption is high; and the method also adopts chemical and physical surface modification, then adopts chemical methods for grafting, copolymerization and the like to artificially add functional groups, then combines with dyes to color the fibers, and realizes the dyeing of the polyimide fibers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of a polyimide fiber dyeing method in the prior art and provides a polyimide fiber dyeing method.

Technical scheme

A method for dyeing polyimide fibers comprises the following steps:

(1) carrying out ball milling on the polyimide fibers to increase the specific surface area of the polyimide fibers and obtain the ball-milled polyimide fibers;

(2) carrying out plasma treatment on the ball-milled polyimide fibers to obtain treated polyimide fibers;

(3) adding the polyimide fibers treated in the step (2) into a dyeing solution for dyeing, and washing and drying after dyeing to obtain dyed polyimide fibers;

(4) and (2) coating the dyed polyimide fibers with a transparent cellulose film, then heating to completely melt the coated transparent film, cooling, cutting the protruded part of the transparent cellulose film after melting, and polishing the surface of the cut polyimide fibers to obtain the finally dyed polyimide fiber product.

Further, in the step (1), the rotation speed of ball milling is 50-200 r/min, and the time is 50-100 seconds.

Further, in the step (2), the power of the plasma treatment is 100-300 watts, the time is 10-80 seconds, and the plasma treatment is performed under the atmosphere of argon, nitrogen or oxygen.

Further, in the step (3), the dyeing temperature is 80-95 ℃, and the dyeing time is 5-20 minutes.

Further, in step (4), the transparent cellulose film is a cellulose-based film material prepared from ramie, hemp, flax or other cellulose materials, and is commercially available, for example, PTE polyester film produced by Tangsheng plastics industry.

Further, in the step (4), the temperature of the heating treatment is 200-500 ℃, and the time is 60-80 seconds.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a dyeing method of polyimide fibers, which is characterized in that after the polyimide fibers are dyed, transparent cellulose films are adopted to completely coat the polyimide fibers, so that the dropping of dyeing master batches can be effectively prevented, and the prepared dyed polyimide fiber products have good color fastness, washing fastness and sunlight fastness.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.

Example 1

A method for dyeing polyimide fibers comprises the following steps:

(1) ball-milling the polyimide fibers at the rotation speed of 120 revolutions per minute for 80 seconds to increase the specific surface area of the polyimide fibers to obtain the ball-milled polyimide fibers;

(2) performing plasma treatment on the ball-milled polyimide fibers (the power of the plasma treatment is 200 watts, the time is 45 seconds, and the plasma treatment is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere) to obtain treated polyimide fibers;

(3) adding the polyimide fibers treated in the step (2) into a dyeing solution for dyeing at the dyeing temperature of 85 ℃ for 10 minutes, and washing and drying after dyeing to obtain the dyed polyimide fibers;

(4) the method comprises the steps of completely coating the dyed polyimide fibers with a transparent cellulose film (in the embodiment, a PTE polyester film produced by Tangsheng plastics), heating at 350 ℃ for 70 seconds to completely melt the coated transparent film, cooling, cutting the protruded part of the transparent cellulose film after melting by using a cutting machine with a circular blade, and polishing the surface of the cut polyimide fibers to obtain the final dyed polyimide fiber product.

The color fastness test is carried out on the polyimide fiber product dyed in the embodiment, the color fastness test method refers to the GB/T250-2008 textile color fastness test to evaluate the gray sample card for color change, and the color fastness test results of dry friction and wet friction are 5 grades.

The color fastness to light test is carried out on the polyimide fiber product dyed in the embodiment, the test method refers to the GB/T8426 and 1998 textile color fastness test, the color fastness to light sunlight is carried out, and the color fastness to light test result is grade 8.

The color fastness to washing of the dyed polyimide fiber product of the embodiment is tested, the test method refers to the color fastness to washing of GB/T3921-2008 textile, the concentration of the soaping liquid for the color fastness to washing is 5g/L, the bath ratio is 1:50, the temperature is 40 ℃, the washing is carried out for 30 minutes, the soap does not contain a fluorescent whitening agent and is a standard soap solution, and the grade of the test result is 5.

The embodiments described above are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.