阅读说明：本技术 一种多工位曲轴治具及曲轴组件的装配方法 (Multi-station crankshaft jig and assembling method of crankshaft assembly ) 是由 罗锋 于 2021-07-20 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种多工位曲轴治具及曲轴组件的装配方法,属于曲轴装配设备领域,包括：机架、移动平台、压销装置和刻印装置,所述移动平台与所述机架滑动连接,所述移动平台上设置有轴向定位装置、压平键装置和转动定位装置,所述轴向定位装置设置在所述机架的一端,所述压平键装置设置在与所述轴向定位装置的轴线垂直的一侧,所述转动定位装置与所述压平键装置平行,且分布在所述轴向定位装置的轴线两侧,所述压销装置设置在机架的另一端,所述刻印装置设置在连接曲轴末端轴的曲柄对应的位置,该治具可以用于多个规格的曲轴多个装配工序使用,减少了重复装配,装配精度高、使用简便且使用成本低。(The invention discloses a multi-station crankshaft jig and a crankshaft assembly assembling method, which belong to the field of crankshaft assembling equipment and comprise the following steps: frame, moving platform, pressure round pin device and stamp device, moving platform with frame sliding connection, moving platform is last to be provided with axial positioning device, flattening key device and to rotate positioner, axial positioning device sets up the one end of frame, flattening key device set up with axial positioning device's axis vertically one side, rotate positioner with flattening key device is parallel, and distributes axial positioning device's axis both sides, the pressure round pin device sets up the other end in the frame, stamp device sets up the position that the crank of connecting the bent axle end axle corresponds, and this tool can be used for a plurality of assembly processes of the bent axle of a plurality of specifications to use, has reduced the repeated assembly, and the assembly precision is high, uses portably and use cost is low.)

1. A multi-station crankshaft jig is characterized in that a crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) comprises a front end shaft (201, 204, 207), a tail end shaft (203, 206, 209), a main journal (210, 220, 230) and a plurality of cranks (202, 205, 208) arranged between the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) and the tail end shaft (203, 206, 209), the cranks (202, 205, 208) comprise crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081) and connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082), the cranks (202, 205, 208) are connected in pairs through the main journals (210, 220, 230), the multi-station crankshaft jig comprises a rack (1) and a moving platform (3), and the moving platform (3) is connected with the rack (1) in a sliding mode,

an axial positioning device (31), a flattening key device (32) and a rotating positioning device (33) are arranged on the moving platform (3), the axial positioning device (31) is close to one end of the rack (1), is opposite to the front end shafts (201, 204 and 207), and has an axis parallel to the sliding direction of the moving platform (3), the flattening key device (32) is arranged on one side perpendicular to the axis of the axial positioning device (31) and is aligned with key groove positions on the front end shafts (201, 204 and 207), the rotating positioning device (33) is parallel to the flattening key device (32), is distributed on two sides of the axis of the axial positioning device (31), and is aligned with the connecting rod shaft necks (2022, 2052 and 2082) closest to the front end shafts (201, 204 and 207);

the stamping and marking device comprises a rack (1), and is characterized by further comprising a stamping pin device (4) and a marking device (5), wherein the stamping pin device (4) is arranged at the other end of the rack (1) and is opposite to the end surfaces of the tail end shafts (203, 206 and 209), the marking device (5) is arranged on the rack (1), and the marking device (5) is arranged at the position corresponding to the crank arms (2021, 2051 and 2081) connected with the tail end shafts (203, 206 and 209).

2. The multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 1, wherein:

a plurality of groups of parallel threaded holes (101) are formed in the rack (1), and the distance from the plurality of groups of threaded holes (101) to the pin pressing device (4) corresponds to the length of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) of various specifications; one end of the moving platform (3) is provided with a group of first through holes (34), and the first through holes (34) are connected with the plurality of groups of threaded holes (101) through bolts.

3. The multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 2, wherein:

axial positioner (31) press from both sides one (311) and ejector pin (312) including plug-type elbow, the one end of ejector pin (312) with the pressure head that plug-type elbow pressed from both sides one (311) links to each other, the other end of ejector pin (312) with front end axle (201, 204, 207) the hollow cup structure ladder cooperation of bent axle (2A, 2B, 2C) and conflict.

4. The multi-station crankshaft jig according to claim 3, wherein:

the rotary positioning device (33) comprises a left clamping jaw (331), a right clamping jaw (332), a push-pull elbow clamp two (333), a push-pull elbow clamp three (334) and a plurality of groups of connecting rod journal clamping blocks (335), the left clamping jaw (331) is arranged at the position perpendicular to one side of the axis of the ejector rod (312), one end of the left clamping jaw (331) is connected with a pressure head of the push-pull elbow clamp two (333), the right clamping jaw (332) is arranged at the position perpendicular to the other side of the axis of the ejector rod (312), one end of the right clamping jaw (332) is connected with the pressure head of the push-pull elbow clamp two (334), the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332) are respectively used in a matching way of the push-pull elbow clamp two (333) and the push-pull elbow clamp three (334) and the plurality of groups of connecting rod journal clamping blocks (335) arranged inside the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), to clamp said crankshafts (2A, 2B, 2C) of various specifications.

5. The multi-station crankshaft jig according to claim 4, wherein:

multiunit connecting rod journal clamp splice (335) comprises a plurality of round pin/key fixed block (3351) and a plurality of fixed block of carving characters (3352), and is a plurality of round pin/key fixed block (3351) detachable setting respectively is in the upper end of left clamping jaw (331) and right clamping jaw (332), it is a plurality of fixed block of carving characters (3352) detachable setting is in left clamping jaw (331) with the lower extreme of right clamping jaw (332).

6. The multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 5, wherein:

the flattening key device (32) comprises a base (321), a first pressing block (322), a pressing rod (323), a flattening key positioning block (324) and a spring (325), wherein the base (321) is arranged on one side perpendicular to the axis of the ejector rod (312), one end of the pressing rod (323) is rotatably connected with the base (321), the first pressing block (322) is arranged at one end, close to the base (321), of the pressing rod (323), the spring (325) is arranged between the first pressing block (322) and the pressing rod (323), and the flattening key positioning block (324) is detachably sleeved on the front end shaft (201, 204 and 207).

7. The multi-station crankshaft jig according to claim 6, wherein:

press round pin device (4) to press from both sides four (41), briquetting two (42), benchmark piece (43) and accurate locating piece (44) including push-pull elbow, be provided with a plurality of pressure round pin axle (421) on briquetting two (42), one side of briquetting two (42) with the pressure head that push-pull elbow pressed from both sides four (41) links to each other, benchmark piece (43) set up on frame (1), and a side as benchmark face (45) with the terminal surface of terminal shaft (203, 206, 209) is contradicted, be provided with a plurality of locating holes (441) on accurate locating piece (44), accurate locating piece (44) detachable is connected another side of benchmark piece (43), a plurality of pressure round pin axle (421) can be in a plurality of slide in locating hole (441).

8. The multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 7, wherein:

the engraving device (5) comprises a support (51), a guide seat (52), a combined stamp block (53) and a plurality of engraving seats (54, 55 and 56), wherein the support (51) is arranged on the rack (1), one end of the guide seat (52) is rotatably connected with the support (51), the other end of the guide seat (52) is provided with a second through hole (521), four chamfers of the plurality of engraving seats (54, 55 and 56) are divided into two groups with different sizes, one side of each chamfer is provided with a counter bore (541, 551 and 561), and the engraving seats (54, 55 and 56) are arranged in the second through hole (521); the combined printing block (53) is composed of a plurality of letter blocks (531, 533, 535) and number blocks (532, 534, 536), and the combined printing block (53) is arranged in the counter bores (541, 551, 561) with the side with the bulge facing outwards.

9. The multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 8, wherein:

spring pins (603, 604) are arranged on the flattening key device (32) and the marking device (5), and the spring pins (603, 604) are used for fixing the pressing rod (323) and the guide seat (52).

10. The assembling method of the crankshaft assembly is carried out by adopting the multi-station crankshaft jig of claim 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, axial positioning: pushing the moving platform (3) according to the length of the crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) to be assembled until the through hole I (34) is aligned with the corresponding threaded hole (101) and fixed through a bolt, then abutting the end surface of the tail end shaft (203, 206, 209) against the reference surface (45), aligning the axis of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) with the center of the axial positioning device (31), pushing the push-pull elbow clamp I (311) after alignment to push the ejector rod (312) into the hollow cup of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) until the ejector rod (312) is in stepped fit with and abutted against the front end shaft (201, 204, 207);

s2, positioning the rotating direction: selecting a corresponding pin/key fixing block (3351) and a corresponding lettering fixing block (3352) according to specifications of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) to be assembled, respectively installing the pin/key fixing block and the lettering fixing block into upper and lower grooves of a left clamping jaw (331) and a right clamping jaw (332), respectively, rotating the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) to adjust the directions of the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052 and 2082) to be upward, pushing the left clamping jaw (331) to be in place through a push-pull toggle clamp II (333), and then pushing the right clamping jaw (332) to the pin/key fixing block (3351) through a push-pull toggle clamp III (334) to clamp the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052 and 2082);

s3, pressing key operation: sleeving the flat key positioning block (324) on the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) to be aligned with the middle groove hole and the key groove of the flat key positioning block (324), then placing a flat key to be pressed into the middle groove of the flat key positioning block (324), then tightly holding the pressure lever (323) by hand, opening the spring pin (603), pressing the pressure lever (323) downwards by force, slowly pressing the flat key into the key groove of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) at one time through the lower end of the first pressure block (322), resetting the pressure lever (323) after the operation of pressing the flat key is completed, and simultaneously fixing the pressure lever (323) by the spring pin (603);

s4, rounding pin operation: inserting the accurate positioning block (44) into a fixed seat of the rack (1), then placing round pins (4211, 4212, 4213) to be installed into the positioning holes (441) corresponding to the blind holes (2031, 2061, 2091) on the end surfaces of the tail end shafts (203, 206, 209) on the accurate positioning block (44), pushing the push-pull elbow clamp IV (41) to the top forwards, driving the pressure pin shaft (421) on the pressure block II (42) by the push-pull elbow clamp IV (41) to press the round pins (4211, 4212, 4213) into the positioning holes on the end surfaces of the tail end shafts (203, 206, 209), and resetting the push-pull elbow clamp IV (41) after completion;

s5, imprinting operation: opening the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), rotating the cranks (202, 205, 208) until the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082) are arranged at the lower parts of the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), closing the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), clamping the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082), selecting the required number blocks (532, 534, 536) and the letter blocks (531, 533, 535) to be engraved, putting the convex character die in the counter bores (541, 551, 561) of the combined printing block (53) towards the outside for fixing, putting the combined printing block (53) in the through hole two (521) for fixing, holding the guide seat (52) by hand, opening the spring pin (604), rotating the guide seat (52) to put the combined printing block (53) and the crank arm (2021, 2022, 2052, 2082) to be combined with the number blocks (531, 533) to be engraved, 2051. 2081), aligning the marking areas, knocking the tail of the combined marking block (53) along a hammering direction (602) by using an iron hammer (601) to mark the convex characters on the combined marking block (53) on the crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081), and retracting the guide seat (52) to the initial position after marking is finished until the spring pin (604) fixes the guide seat;

s6, opening the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), pulling the first push-pull toggle clamp (311) of the axial positioning device (31), taking the assembled crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) out of the rack (1), and repeating the operations to complete the assembly of crankshafts of other specifications.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of crankshaft assembling equipment, and particularly relates to a multi-station crankshaft jig and a crankshaft assembly assembling method.

Background

With the rapid development of the modern automobile industry and the acceleration of the modernization process of our country, the automobile engine manufacturing industry develops rapidly under the support of modern high-tech conditions, and the assembly process equipment also develops all the time. At present, automobile engine bent axle is special-shaped structure spare, its anchor clamps specification differs, the centre gripping is inefficient, the commonality degree is lower, for the assembly precision of complete machine when guaranteeing the assembly engine, when assembling the bent axle, still adopt manual assembly's mode to be leading, accomplish every process and all need use different anchor clamps clamping location to accomplish the assembly process again, the power consumption consuming time of repetitive operation, anchor clamps equipment time and work piece clamping time are more than the process time of work piece far away, low in production efficiency, the repeated positioning precision is low, assembly cost is high.

The patent with the publication number of CN203993335U discloses a crankshaft clamp, which comprises a main frame, parallel gas claws, a first slide rail, a second slide rail, a main sliding frame, an auxiliary tip, a main tip, a shifting fork pin, a driving mechanism and a manipulator; the parallel gas claw, the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are arranged on the main frame, and the first sliding rail and the second sliding rail are distributed on two sides of the parallel gas claw; the main sliding frame is arranged on the second sliding rail, and the auxiliary sliding frame is arranged on the first sliding rail; the main sliding frame and the auxiliary sliding frame are both connected with parallel pneumatic claws; the main center is arranged on the main sliding frame, and the auxiliary center is arranged on the auxiliary sliding frame; the driving mechanism is arranged on the main sliding frame and connected with the main top. The crankshaft clamp is suitable for crankshafts of various specifications, and can flexibly clamp and rotate the crankshafts. Under the drive of manipulator, combine equipment such as material rest and burring station to realize the burring work of bent axle work piece about going up, but this anchor clamps can not satisfy the bent axle of multiple specification and accomplish the requirement of a plurality of assembly processes, have certain limitation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multi-station crankshaft jig which can be used for crankshafts of various specifications to complete three procedures of pressing a front end shaft key, pressing a tail end shaft end face positioning pin and engraving numbers, and is simple in assembly operation, high in assembly efficiency and good in precision.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a multistation bent axle tool, the bent axle includes the front end axle, ends axle, main journal and sets up at the front end axle and a plurality of cranks ending between the axle, the crank includes crank arm and connecting rod journal, and is a plurality of the crank passes through between two liang the main journal links to each other, multistation bent axle tool includes: the mobile platform is connected with the rack in a sliding manner;

an axial positioning device, a flattening key device and a rotating positioning device are arranged on the moving platform, the axial positioning device is close to one end of the rack and is opposite to the front end shaft, the axis of the axial positioning device is parallel to the sliding direction of the moving platform, the flattening key device is arranged on one side, perpendicular to the axis of the axial positioning device, of the axial positioning device and is aligned with a key groove in the front end shaft, and the rotating positioning device is parallel to the flattening key device, distributed on two sides of the axis of the axial positioning device and aligned with a connecting rod journal closest to the front end shaft;

the stamping device is arranged at the other end of the rack and is opposite to the end face of the tail end shaft, the stamping device is arranged on the rack, and the stamping device is arranged at a position corresponding to the crank connected with the tail end shaft.

A plurality of groups of parallel threaded holes are formed in the rack, and the distance from the threaded holes to the pin pressing device corresponds to the length of the crankshafts in various specifications; one end of the mobile platform is provided with a group of first through holes, the first through holes are connected with the plurality of groups of threaded holes through bolts, and the plurality of groups of threaded holes are matched with the first through holes to adjust a plurality of different working positions of the mobile platform.

Axial positioner presss from both sides one and ejector pin including plug-type elbow, the one end of ejector pin with the pressure head that plug-type elbow pressed from both sides one links to each other, the other end of ejector pin with the cooperation of the front end axle echelonment of bent axle is contradicted, the ejector pin with the cooperation of front end axle echelonment makes bent axle location is accurate and convenient to rotate.

Rotating positioner includes left clamping jaw, right clamping jaw, plug-type elbow clamp two, plug-type elbow clamp three and multiunit connecting rod axle journal clamp splice, left side clamping jaw sets up at the perpendicular to one side of ejector pin axis, left side clamping jaw one end with the pressure head that plug-type elbow clamp two links to each other, right side clamping jaw sets up at the perpendicular to the opposite side of ejector pin axis, right side clamping jaw one end with the pressure head that plug-type elbow clamp two links to each other, left side clamping jaw with right side clamping jaw is in respectively plug-type elbow clamp two with inside push-type elbow clamp three promote down the lapse and with set up at left side clamping jaw and right clamping jaw multiunit connecting rod axle journal clamp splice cooperation is used, comes to press from both sides tight multiple specification the bent axle, the convenient connecting rod axle journal of the tight different specifications of clamp of left and right clamping jaw opposite directions motion.

Multiunit connecting rod journal clamp splice comprises a plurality of round pin/key fixed blocks and a plurality of fixed block of carving characters, round pin/key fixed block detachable respectively sets up the upper end of left side clamping jaw and right clamping jaw is a plurality of fixed block detachable of carving characters sets up left side clamping jaw with the lower extreme of right clamping jaw, it is many multiunit connecting rod journal clamp splice is applicable to the connecting rod journal centre gripping of multiple specification, and is simple and convenient, with low costs.

The flattening key device comprises a base, a first pressing block, a first pressing rod, a flat key positioning block and a spring, wherein the base is arranged at a position perpendicular to one side of the axis of the ejector rod, one end of the pressing rod is connected with the base in a rotating mode, the first pressing block is arranged at a position close to one end of the base, the spring is arranged between the first pressing block and the pressing rod, the flat key positioning block is detachably sleeved on the front end shaft, the first pressing block is installed in the middle of the pressing rod, the spring enables the flat key in the pressing key process to pass through surface contact stress, and the pressing key is stable and is not prone to damage and deform.

The pressure round pin device includes that push-pull elbow presss from both sides four, briquetting two, reference block and accurate locating piece, be provided with a plurality of pressure round pin axles on the briquetting two, one side of briquetting two with push-pull elbow presss from both sides the pressure head of four and links to each other, the reference block sets up in the frame, and a side as the reference surface with the terminal end shaft's of bent axle terminal end is contradicted, be provided with a plurality of locating holes on the accurate locating piece, accurate locating piece detachable connects the another side of reference block, a plurality of pressure round pin axles can be a plurality of slide in the locating hole, detachable accurate locating piece has reduced the equipment step of tool.

The engraving device comprises a support, a guide seat, a combined stamp block and an engraving seat, wherein the support is arranged on the rack, one end of the guide seat is rotatably connected with the support, the other end of the guide seat is provided with a second through hole, four chamfers of the engraving seat are divided into two groups with different sizes, one side of each chamfer is provided with a counter bore, and the engraving seat is arranged in the second through hole; the combined seal block is composed of a plurality of letter blocks and number blocks, the combined seal block is arranged in the counter bore, one side with a bulge faces outwards, and various serial numbers can be easily engraved on the crank arm by adjusting the combination of the letter guides and the number blocks in the combined seal block.

Spring pins are arranged on the flattening key device and the engraving device and used for fixing the pressing rod and the guide seat, so that the pressing rod and the guide seat are prevented from vibrating and toppling when not used, and the operation of other procedures is prevented from being influenced.

The invention also aims to provide an assembly method of the crankshaft assembly, which is carried out by adopting the multi-station crankshaft jig, and the assembly method comprises the following steps:

s1, axial positioning: pushing the moving platform according to the length of the crankshaft to be assembled until the first through hole is aligned with the corresponding threaded hole and passes through a bolt for fixing, then abutting the end surface of the tail end shaft against the reference surface, aligning the axis of the front end shaft with the center of the axial alignment device, and pushing the first push-pull toggle clamp to push the ejector rod into the hollow cup of the front end shaft after alignment until the ejector rod is in stepped fit with and abutted against the front end shaft;

s2, positioning the rotating direction: selecting corresponding pin/key fixing blocks and lettering fixing blocks according to the specification of the crankshaft to be assembled, respectively installing the pin/key fixing blocks and the lettering fixing blocks into upper grooves and lower grooves which are respectively installed on a left clamping jaw and a right clamping jaw, rotating the crankshaft to adjust the direction of the connecting rod shaft to be upward, pushing the left clamping jaw to be in place through a push-pull toggle clamp II, and then pushing the right clamping jaw to the pin/key fixing blocks through a push-pull toggle clamp III to clamp the connecting rod shaft neck;

s3, pressing key operation: sleeving the flat key positioning block on the front end shaft to be aligned with the middle groove and the key groove of the flat key positioning block, then placing a flat key to be pressed into the groove of the flat key block, then holding the pressing rod tightly by hands, opening the spring pin, pressing the pressing rod downwards with force, slowly pressing the flat key into the key groove of the front end shaft at one time through the lower end of the first pressing block, and resetting the pressing rod after the operation of the flat key is finished until the pressing rod is fixed by the spring pin;

s4, rounding pin operation: inserting the accurate positioning block into a fixing seat of the rack, then placing a round pin to be installed into a through hole in the accurate positioning block corresponding to the positioning hole in the end surface of the tail end shaft, pushing the push-pull toggle clamp to the top forwards, driving the press pin shaft on the press block II to press the round pin into the positioning hole in the end surface of the tail end shaft by the push-pull toggle clamp, and resetting the push-pull toggle clamp after the round pin is pressed into the positioning hole in the end surface of the tail end shaft;

s5, imprinting operation: opening the left clamping jaw and the right clamping jaw, rotating the crank until the connecting rod journal is arranged at the lower parts of the left clamping jaw and the right clamping jaw, closing the left clamping jaw and the right clamping jaw, clamping the connecting rod journal, selecting a number to be engraved by combining the required number block and the required letter block, putting the combination printing block into the counter bore of the combination printing block with the convex character die in an outward direction for fixing, putting the combination printing block into the through hole II for fixing, holding the guide seat by hand and opening the spring pin, rotating the guide seat to align the combination printing block with an engraving area on the crank arm, engraving the convex character on the combination printing block on the crank wall by using an iron hammer along the hammering direction along the tail part of the combination printing block, and returning the guide seat to an initial position after engraving until the spring pin fixes the guide seat;

and S6, opening the left clamping jaw and the right clamping jaw, pulling the first push-pull type elbow clamp of the axial positioning device, taking the assembled crankshaft out of the rack, and repeating the operations to complete the assembly of crankshafts of other specifications.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the fixture is matched with the model of the crankshaft which can be clamped by adjusting the distance between the moving platform on the rack and the reference surface, and can be used for clamping crankshafts with various lengths, so that the operation steps of an operator are reduced, and the production efficiency is improved;

(2) the fixture is provided with a leveling key device, a pressing pin device and an engraving device, and can sequentially complete three procedures of pressing a front end shaft key, pressing a tail end shaft end face positioning pin and engraving serial numbers of a single crankshaft by one-time clamping, so that the clamping operation is reduced, and the assembly precision of the crankshaft is improved;

(3) the tool completes the positioning and clamping of crankshafts with different specifications by using different pin/key fixing blocks and lettering fixing blocks, and has the advantages of simple and convenient structural installation, convenient maintenance and lower use cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an axonometric view of a multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided in the present invention;

fig. 3 is a right side view of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

fig. 4 is a top view of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 4 (a view of the structure holding a 1.5L crankshaft) in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a multi-station crankshaft jig provided in the present invention for clamping a 2L crankshaft;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention for clamping a 2.5L crankshaft;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the multi-station crankshaft jig according to the present invention;

fig. 9 is a front view of an engraving seat of a 1.5L crankshaft of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

fig. 10 is a front view of an engraving seat of a 2.0L crankshaft of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

fig. 11 is a front view of an engraving seat of a 2.5L crankshaft of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

fig. 12 is a side view of an engraving seat of a crankshaft of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

FIG. 13 is a cross-section taken along line D-D of FIG. 4 (flattened key structure view) in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a rounding pin of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

fig. 15 is a specification diagram of each round pin of the multi-station crankshaft jig provided by the invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the multi-station crankshaft fixture provided by the present invention clamping a 1.5L crankshaft;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the multi-station crankshaft fixture provided by the present invention clamping a 2.0L crankshaft;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the multi-station crankshaft fixture provided by the present invention clamping a 2.5L crankshaft;

FIG. 19 is a sectional view of the mounting structure of the spring pin of the multi-station crankshaft jig according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a left side view of a 1.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a front view of a 1.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a right side view of a 1.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a top view of a 1.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 24 is an isometric view one of the 1.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 25 is an isometric view two of the 1.5L crankshaft provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a left side view of a 2.0L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a front view of a 2.0L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a right side view of a 2.0L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a top view of a 2.0L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 30 is an isometric view one of the 2.0L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 31 is an isometric view two of the 2.0L crankshaft provided in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 32 is a left side view of a 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 33 is a front view of a 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 34 is a right side view of a 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a top view of a 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 36 is an isometric view one of the 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention;

FIG. 37 is an isometric view two of the 2.5L crankshaft provided by the present invention.

Reference numerals:

1. a frame; 101. a threaded hole; 102. a first guide rail; 2A, 2B, 2C, a crankshaft; 201. 204, 207, a front end shaft; 2011. 2041, 2071, a keyway; 202. 205, 208, a crank; 2021. 2051, 2081, crank arms; 2022. 2052, 2082, connecting rod journal; 210. 220, 230, main journal; 203. 206, 209, end shaft; 2031. 2061, 2091, blind hole; 3. a mobile platform; 31. an axial positioning device; 311. a push-pull type elbow clip I; 312. a top rod; 32. a key flattening device; 321. a base; 322. pressing a first block; 323. a pressure lever; 324. a flat key positioning block; 325. a spring; 33. rotating the positioning device; 331. a left clamping jaw; 332. a right jaw; 333. a push-pull elbow clip II; 334. a third push-pull type elbow clip; 335. a plurality of groups of connecting rod journal clamping blocks; 3351. pin/key fixing blocks; 3352. fixing blocks for lettering; 336. a second guide rail; 34. a first through hole; 4. a pin pressing device; 41. a push-pull elbow clip IV; 42. pressing a second block; 421. pressing the pin shaft; 4211. 4212, 4213, round pin; 43. a reference block; 44. a precise positioning block; 441. positioning holes; 45. a reference plane; 5. an imprint device; 51. a support; 52. a guide seat; 521. a second through hole; 53. combining the printing blocks; 531. 533, 535, letter block; 532. 534, 536, digital block; 54. 55, 56, an engraving seat; 541. 551, 561 counter bores; 601. an iron hammer; 602. hammering direction; 603. 604, spring pins.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 20 to 37, the crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) includes a front end shaft (201, 204, 207), a rear end shaft (203, 206, 209), a main journal, and a plurality of cranks (202, 205, 208) disposed between the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) and the rear end shaft (203, 206, 209), the cranks (202, 205, 208) are composed of two adjacent crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081) and connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082) connecting the two crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081), and the plurality of cranks (202, 205, 208) of one crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) are connected to each other by the main journals (210, 220, 230).

Of these, fig. 20-25 illustrate crankshafts applied to a 1.5L displacement engine, fig. 26-31 illustrate crankshafts applied to a 2.0L displacement engine, and fig. 32-37 illustrate crankshafts applied to a 2.5L displacement engine.

A key flattening step of pressing the flat key into the plurality of key grooves (2011, 2041, 2071) on the front end shaft (201, 204, 207); a round pin pressing step of pressing the round pin into a blind hole (2031, 2061, 2091) on the end face of the end shaft (203, 206, 209); and an imprinting step of imprinting the characters on the combined block (53) onto the crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081) near the end shafts (203, 206, 209).

As shown in fig. 1-19, a multi-station crankshaft jig comprises a frame 1, a moving platform 3, a pressing pin device 4, an engraving device 5 and a plurality of guide rails 102 arranged on the frame 1, wherein the moving platform 3 is slidably connected to one end of the frame 1 through the guide rails 102, the pressing pin device 4 is fixed to the other end of the frame 1 through a pressing plate, and the engraving device 5 is connected to the frame 1 through bolts and faces cranks (202, 205, 208) connected with end shafts (203, 206, 209).

Moving platform 3 is last to be close to axial positioning device 31, flattening key device 32, rotation positioner 33 and two 336 of guide rail are installed in proper order to the one end of frame 1, axial positioning device 31 axis direction with moving platform 3's slip direction is parallel, flattening key device 32 set up with one side of axial positioning device 31 axis, rotation positioner 33 sets up the both sides of axial positioning device 31 axis, with flattening key device 32 is parallel, two 336 of guide rail are provided with on moving platform 3, with axial positioning device 31 axis direction is perpendicular, rotation positioner 33 through guide rail two 336 with moving platform 3 sliding connection.

A plurality of groups of parallel threaded holes 101 are formed in one end of the rack 1, and the distance from the plurality of groups of threaded holes 101 to the pin pressing device 4 corresponds to the length of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) with various specifications; one side of the moving platform 3 is provided with a group of first through holes 34, the first through holes 34 and the threaded holes 101 are connected through bolts to fix the moving platform 3, and at the moment, the distance from the end face of the axial positioning device 31 on the moving platform 3 to the reference surface 45 is equal to the length of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C).

Referring to fig. 2, further, the axial positioning device 31 includes a first push-pull toggle clamp 311 and a push rod 312 which are pressed on the frame 1 through a fixing block, the push rod 312 slides on the frame 1, one end of the push rod 312 is connected with a press head of the first push-pull toggle clamp 311 through a pin shaft, the other end of the push rod 312 is in stepped fit and interference with the hollow cup structure of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207), and at this time, the crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) can rotate around the axis of the push rod 312.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, further, the rotational positioning device 33 includes a left clamping jaw 331 and a right clamping jaw 332 sliding on the second guide rail 336, a second push-pull toggle clamp 333 and a third push-pull toggle clamp 334 arranged on both sides of the mobile platform 3, a plurality of sets of rod journal clamping blocks 335, the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 are respectively arranged at two sides perpendicular to the axis of the mandril 312, one end of the left clamping jaw 331 and one end of the right clamping jaw 332 are respectively connected with the pressing heads of the push-pull toggle clamp II 333 and the push-pull toggle clamp III 334, the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 slide oppositely under the pushing of the push-pull elbow clamp II 333 and the push-pull elbow clamp III 334 respectively and are matched with the multiple groups of connecting rod journal clamping blocks 335 arranged inside the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 for use, and the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) with multiple specifications are clamped.

Referring to fig. 5-7 and 16-18, further, the multiple sets of connecting rod journal clamping blocks 335 are made of wear-resistant copper alloy, and include several pin/key fixing blocks 3351 and several lettering fixing blocks 3352, the pin/key fixing blocks 3351 are detachably connected to the upper portions of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 by bolts, the several lettering fixing blocks 3552 are detachably connected to the middle or lower grooves of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 by bolts, when the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082) are rotated to the upper portions of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332, they are clamped, at this time, the flattening key and rounding pin processes can be completed for the front end shafts (201, 204, 207), and when the connecting rod journals (2052, 2082) are rotated to the middle portions of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332, at this time, the crank shaft (2B, 2C) may be subjected to an imprinting process, and the crank shaft 2A may be subjected to an imprinting process when the connecting rod journal 2022 is clamped while being rotated to the lower portions of the left and right jaws 331 and 332.

Referring to fig. 13, further, the flat key pressing device 32 includes a base 321, a first pressing block 322, a pressing rod 323, a flat key positioning block 324 and a spring 325, the base 321 is fixed on one side of the top rod 332 close to the rotary positioning device 33 by bolts, one end of the pressing rod 323 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the base 321 by a pin, the first pressing block 322 is disposed at the lower end of the pressing rod 323 close to the base 321, the spring 325 is disposed in a counter bore at the bottom of the first pressing block 322 and is abutted against the pressing rod 323, the spring 325 absorbs a gap between the lower end face of the first pressing block 322 and the flat key side face during the pressing of the first pressing block 322 to ensure stable engagement of the two contact faces, the flat key positioning block 324 is detachably sleeved on the front end shaft (202, 205, 208), and a middle groove of the flat key positioning block 324 is connected with the key groove (2011), 2041. 2071), and the movement direction of the flat key is limited when the flat key is pressed, so that the flat key can only move downwards.

Referring to fig. 14 and 15, the press pin device 4 further includes a push-pull type toggle clamp four 41 fixed at the other end of the frame 1, a second press block 42, a reference block 43 and a precise positioning block 44, wherein a plurality of press pin shafts 421 are embedded in the second press block 42, one side of the second press block 42 is fixed to a press head of the push-pull type toggle clamp four 41, the reference block 43 is disposed on the frame 1, one side of the reference block 43 serves as a reference surface 45, the reference surface 45 abuts against an end surface of the crankshaft end shaft (203, 206, 209), the precise positioning block 44 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes 441 facing the blind holes (2031, 2061, 2091) of different specifications, the precise positioning block 44 is detachably connected to the other side of the reference block 43, and the plurality of press pin shafts 421 can slide in the plurality of positioning holes 441 under the pushing of the push-pull type toggle clamp four 41.

Referring to fig. 8-12, the marking device 5 includes a support 51 fixed on the frame 1 by bolts, a guide seat 52, a combined printing block 53 and a marking seat (54, 55, 56), one end of the guide seat 52 is rotatably connected with the support 51 by a pin shaft, a square through hole two 521 is provided in the middle of the other end of the guide seat 52, the marking seat (54, 55, 56) is made of high-strength alloy steel, four chamfers on the side edges are divided into two groups with different sizes, a counter bore (541, 551, 561) is provided on the bottom surface, a step structure is provided at the tail part for hammering, the marking seat (54, 55, 56) is provided in the through hole two 521 and is adjusted and fixed by a handle screw; the combined block print 53 is composed of a plurality of letter blocks 531 and number blocks 532, the combined block print 53 is arranged in the counter bores (541, 551 and 561), and the side, with the bulges, of the letter blocks 531 and the number blocks 532 faces downwards, so that the lettering die stamping is facilitated.

Referring to fig. 19, preferably, spring pins (603, 604) are disposed on the sides of the leveling key device 32 and the marking device 5, and the spring pins (603, 604) are used to fix the pressing rod 323 and the guide holder 52, so as to prevent the pressing rod 323 and the guide holder 52 from shaking during other processes.

The assembling method comprises the following steps:

s1, axial positioning: pushing the moving platform 3 according to the length of the crankshaft (2A, 2B, 2C) to be assembled until the first through hole 34 is aligned with the corresponding threaded hole 101 and fixed by a bolt, then abutting the end surface of the tail end shaft (203, 206, 209) against the reference surface 43, aligning the axis of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) with the center of the axial positioning device 31, pushing the push-pull elbow clamp (311) after alignment, pushing the ejector rod 312 into the hollow cup structure of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) until the ejector rod 312 is matched with the hollow cup structure of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) in a step shape and abutted against the hollow cup structure;

s2, positioning the rotating direction: selecting a corresponding pin/key fixing block 3351 and a corresponding lettering fixing block 3352 according to specifications of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) to be assembled, respectively installing the pin/key fixing block 3351 and the lettering fixing block 3352 into upper and lower grooves of a left clamping jaw 331 and a right clamping jaw 332, rotating the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) to adjust the directions of the connecting rod shafts (203, 206 and 209) to be upward, pushing the left clamping jaw 331 to be in place through a push-pull toggle clamp II 333, and then pushing the right clamping jaw 332 to the pin/key fixing block 3351 through a push-pull toggle clamp III 334 to clamp the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052 and 2082);

s3, pressing key operation: sleeving the flat key positioning block 324 on the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) to be aligned with the middle groove of the flat key positioning block 324 and the key groove (2011, 2041, 2071), then placing the flat key to be pressed into the middle groove of the flat key positioning block 324, then tightly gripping the pressing rod 323, opening the spring pin 603, simultaneously pressing the pressing rod 323 downwards with force, driving the lower end of the first pressing block 322 to slowly press the flat key into the key groove of the front end shaft (201, 204, 207) at one time, resetting the pressing rod 323 after the operation of pressing the flat key is completed, and simultaneously fixing the pressing rod 323 again by the spring pin 603;

s4, rounding pin operation: inserting the accurate positioning block 44 into a fixed seat of the rack 1, then placing round pins (4211, 4212, 4213) to be installed into through holes on the accurate positioning block 44 corresponding to positioning holes on end faces of the end shafts (203, 206, 209), pushing a push-pull type elbow clamp IV 41 forwards to the top, driving the press pin shaft 421 on the press block II 42 by the push-pull type elbow clamp IV 41 to press the round pins (4211, 4212, 4213) into blind holes (2061, 2091) on the end faces of the end shafts (203, 206, 209), and resetting the push-pull type elbow clamp IV 41 after completion;

s5, imprinting operation: opening the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332, rotating the cranks (2021, 2051, 2081) until the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082) are arranged at the lower parts of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332, closing the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 to clamp the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082), selecting the required number blocks (531, 533, 535) and the letter blocks (532, 534, 536) to be combined into a number to be engraved, putting the number blocks with the raised type mold direction facing outwards into the counterbores (551, 561) of the combined printing block 53 for fixing, putting the combined printing block 53 into the through hole two 521 for fixing, holding the guide seat 52 by hand and opening the spring pin 604, rotating the guide seat 52 to align the combined printing block 53 with the engraving plane on the crank arms (2021, 2051, 2081), and knocking the combined printing block (602, 531) by a hammer 601 along the hammering direction, 533. 535), lettering the combined block 53 on the crank wall (2021, 2051, 2081), and withdrawing the guide holder 52 to the initial position after the lettering is finished until the spring pin 604 fixes the guide holder 52;

s6, the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 332 are opened, the push-pull type toggle clamp 311 of the axial positioning device 31 is pulled, the assembled crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) are taken out of the rack 1, and the assembling of crankshafts of other specifications can be completed by repeating the operations.

The three processes of flattening keys, rounding pins and engraving are sequentially carried out, when the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052 and 2082) of the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) are clamped at the upper parts by the left clamping jaw (331) and the right clamping jaw (332), the two processes of flattening keys and rounding pins are completed, and when rounding pins are pressed, an axial force is applied to the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) to slightly displace the crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) and have a certain influence on the precision of the key flattening process, so that the key flattening process is performed first and the round pin pressing process is performed later; when the marking is carried out, the connecting rod journals (2022, 2052, 2082) are required to be rotated to the middle parts or the lower parts of the left clamping jaw 331 and the right clamping jaw 322, and the hammer 601 is used for knocking the tail parts of the marking seats (54, 55, 56) to mark a matrix, and the marking operation can generate vibration, so that the marking is carried out in the last step.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 20 to 37, the crankshafts (2A, 2B, 2C) include three-cylinder engine crankshafts, four-cylinder engine crankshafts, five-cylinder engine crankshafts, six-cylinder engine crankshafts, eight-cylinder engine crankshafts, and twelve-cylinder engine crankshafts, and the engine crankshafts can be fixed by mounting different connecting rod journal clamping blocks 335 through the jig, thereby sequentially completing three processes of key pressing, pin pressing, and imprinting.

The crankshafts (2A, 2B and 2C) are one of the most important parts of the engine, and have the functions of converting gas acting force transmitted by the piston connecting rod group into rotating torque of the crankshafts to be output outwards and driving a gas distribution mechanism and other auxiliary devices of the engine to work; the front end shafts (201, 204 and 207) are mainly used for driving auxiliary mechanisms such as a valve actuating mechanism, a water pump, a fan and the like, and timing gears (or synchronous pulleys), pulleys of the fan and the water pump, a torsional damper, a starting claw and the like are arranged on the front end shafts (201, 204 and 207); the end shafts (203, 206, 209) adopt a flange structure for mounting a flywheel.

Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.