阅读说明：本技术 一种赤泥中锆的回收方法 (Method for recovering zirconium from red mud ) 是由 周慧 韩晓晶 于 2020-10-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种赤泥中锆的回收方法,包括以下步骤：S1、干燥；S2、粉碎；S3、碱溶混合；S4、碱溶；S5、酸浸；S6、检测,将赤泥样品自然筛干后置于电干燥箱中干燥,干燥温度105℃-110℃,干燥时间2小时等。本发明提出的赤泥中锆的回收方法,通过将赤泥混合粉涂布在镍坩埚的内部交错分布的方式,镍坩埚的底部铺一层氢氧化钠,中间为赤泥混合粉,最上面为剩余的氢氧化钠,使碱溶加热过程中,氢氧化钠可以从上下两个方向进行融合,提高碱溶效率,在酸浸过程中,恒温磁力搅拌器,使酸浸混合液保持恒定温度,保持轻微沸腾状态,搅拌塑料设置为100r·min～(-1),使硫酸与滤渣充分反应,便于浸出滤渣中的锆元素。(The invention discloses a method for recovering zirconium from red mud, which comprises the following steps: s1, drying; s2, crushing; s3, alkali dissolving and mixing; s4, alkali dissolution; s5, acid leaching; and S6, detecting, namely naturally screening and drying the red mud sample, and then placing the red mud sample in an electric drying oven for drying at the drying temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours and the like. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud comprises the steps of coating red mud mixed powder in a nickel crucible in a staggered distribution mode, paving a layer of sodium hydroxide at the bottom of the nickel crucible, the red mud mixed powder in the middle of the nickel crucible and the residual sodium hydroxide on the top of the nickel crucible, so that the sodium hydroxide can be fused from the upper direction and the lower direction in the alkali-dissolving heating process, the alkali-dissolving efficiency is improved, in the acid-leaching process, a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is used for keeping the acid-leaching mixed liquid at a constant temperature and in a slight boiling state, and stirring plastics are set to be 100 r.min ‑1 To make sulfurThe acid fully reacts with the filter residue, so that the zirconium element in the filter residue can be conveniently leached.)

1. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, drying: naturally screening and drying the red mud sample, and then placing the red mud sample in an electric drying box for drying at the drying temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours;

s2, crushing: coarsely crushing the dried red mud by using a jaw crusher to enable the particle size of the red mud to be smaller than 3mm, finely grinding the red mud by using a disc crusher, and sieving the ground red mud by using a 120-mesh standard sieve;

s3, alkali dissolution and mixing: adding 2g of sodium hydroxide into 0.2g of the selected red mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain red mud mixed powder;

s4, alkali dissolution: coating the red mud mixed powder in a nickel crucible, then placing the nickel crucible in a muffle furnace for alkali dissolution at the alkali dissolution temperature of 450-850 ℃ for 20-100min, cooling the sample after alkali dissolution, leaching the melt in the crucible with hot water after cooling, and drying the filter residue of the melt by using a suction filter for later use;

s5, acid leaching: the concentration of filter residue is 6 mol.L^-1Pickling in sulfuric acid with liquid-solid ratio of 6: 1 in a constant temperature magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 100r min^-1Acid leaching for 1h, then performing suction filtration, and metering the volume of the filtrate into a 100mL volumetric flask;

s6, detection: and (3) detecting the zirconium content of the solution after acid leaching by adopting an atomic emission spectrometer.

2. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the S4 alkali dissolving process, the red mud mixed powder is coated in the nickel crucible in a staggered distribution mode, a layer of sodium hydroxide is laid at the bottom of the nickel crucible, the red mud mixed powder is arranged in the middle, and the rest sodium hydroxide is arranged at the top.

3. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the model of the electric drying oven is CS202-2 electric heating constant temperature drying oven, and the gas used by the atomic emission spectrometer is 99.999 percent high-purity argon.

4. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the purity specification of the sodium hydroxide is analytical purity.

5. The method for recovering zirconium from red mud according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific setting parameters of the atomic emission spectrometer during the S6 detection are analysis spectral lines: 339.198nm, power: 1350W, peristaltic pump speed: 55 r.min^-1And flow rate of the atomizer: 0.4 L.min^-1And auxiliary gas flow rate: 0.2 L.min^-1And integration time: and 5 s.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of red mud recovery, in particular to a method for recovering zirconium from red mud.

Background

The red mud is strong-alkaline solid waste in the production process of alumina, and 0.7-0.8 t of red mud is generated when 1t of alumina is produced. Meanwhile, the red mud contains a large amount of rare metals, and belongs to precious secondary resources.

Red mud contains many rare metals, such as titanium, niobium, scandium, zirconium and the like, and leaching of rare metals such as titanium, niobium, scandium and the like in red mud is studied more frequently. However, the research on leaching zirconium from red mud is rarely reported, and after a large amount of literature is reviewed, acid leaching methods such as sulfuric acid leaching and hydrochloric acid leaching are commonly used for leaching valuable metals from red mud. There are also a few methods using alkali fusion such as sodium hydroxide roasting.

The leaching rate measured by the method is very low when zirconium is leached, so that a method for recovering zirconium from red mud needs to be provided aiming at the utilization of zirconium element.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for recovering zirconium from red mud.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for recovering zirconium from red mud comprises the following steps:

s1, drying: naturally screening and drying the red mud sample, and then placing the red mud sample in an electric drying box for drying at the drying temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours;

s2, crushing: coarsely crushing the dried red mud by using a jaw crusher to enable the particle size of the red mud to be smaller than 3mm, finely grinding the red mud by using a disc crusher, and sieving the ground red mud by using a 120-mesh standard sieve;

s3, alkali dissolution and mixing: adding 2g of sodium hydroxide into 0.2g of the selected red mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain red mud mixed powder;

s4, alkali dissolution: coating the red mud mixed powder in a nickel crucible, then placing the nickel crucible in a muffle furnace for alkali dissolution at the alkali dissolution temperature of 450-850 ℃ for 20-100min, cooling the sample after alkali dissolution, leaching the melt in the crucible with hot water after cooling, and drying the filter residue of the melt by using a suction filter for later use;

s5, acid leaching: the concentration of filter residue is 6 mol.L^-1Pickling in sulfuric acid with liquid-solid ratio of 6: 1 in a constant temperature magnetic stirrer at a stirring speed of 100r min^-1Acid leaching for 1h, then performing suction filtration, and metering the volume of the filtrate into a 100mL volumetric flask;

s6, detection: and (3) detecting the zirconium content of the solution after acid leaching by adopting an atomic emission spectrometer.

Preferably, in the S4 alkali dissolution process, the red mud mixed powder is coated inside the nickel crucible in a staggered distribution manner, a layer of sodium hydroxide is laid at the bottom of the nickel crucible, the red mud mixed powder is in the middle, and the rest of sodium hydroxide is at the top.

Preferably, the electric drying oven is a model CS202-2 electric heating constant temperature drying oven, and the gas used by the atomic emission spectrometer is high-purity argon gas with the purity of 99.999 percent.

Preferably, the purity specification of the sodium hydroxide is analytical purity.

Preferably, the specific setting parameters of the atomic emission spectrometer during the S6 detection are analysis spectral lines: 339.198nm, power: 1350W, peristaltic pump speed: 55 r.min^-1And flow rate of the atomizer: 0.4 L.min^-1And auxiliary gas flow rate: 0.2 L.min^-1And integration time: and 5 s.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. in the method for recovering zirconium from red mud, a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer is used for keeping the acid leaching mixed liquor at a constant temperature and in a slight boiling state in the acid leaching process, and the stirring plastic is set to be 100 r.min^-1So that the sulfuric acid and the filter residue are fully reacted, and the zirconium element in the filter residue is conveniently leached.

2. According to the method for recovering zirconium from red mud, provided by the invention, the red mud mixed powder is coated in the nickel crucible in a staggered distribution mode, a layer of sodium hydroxide is laid at the bottom of the nickel crucible, the red mud mixed powder is arranged in the middle of the nickel crucible, and the residual sodium hydroxide is arranged at the top of the nickel crucible, so that the sodium hydroxide can be fused from the upper direction and the lower direction in the alkali dissolving and heating process, and the alkali dissolving efficiency is improved.

Detailed Description

Example 1

Method for recovering zirconium from red mud

S1, drying: naturally screening and drying the red mud sample, and then placing the red mud sample in an electric drying box for drying at the drying temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours;

s2, crushing: coarsely crushing the dried red mud by using a jaw crusher to enable the particle size of the red mud to be smaller than 3mm, finely grinding the red mud by using a disc crusher, and sieving the ground red mud by using a 120-mesh standard sieve;

s3, alkali dissolution and mixing: adding 2g of sodium hydroxide into 0.2g of the selected red mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain red mud mixed powder;

s4, alkali dissolution: coating the red mud mixed powder in a nickel crucible, then placing the nickel crucible in a muffle furnace for alkali dissolution at the temperature of 450 ℃, 550 ℃, 650 ℃, 750 ℃, 850 ℃ for 20min, cooling a sample after the alkali dissolution, leaching a melt in the crucible with hot water after cooling, and drying a filter residue obtained by the melt by using a suction filter for later use;

s5, acid leaching: acid leaching the filter residue in sulfuric acid with the concentration of 6 mol.L < -1 > and the liquid-solid ratio of 6: 1 on a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer in a slightly boiling state at the stirring speed of 100 r.min < -1 > for 1h, then carrying out suction filtration, and metering the volume of the filtrate into a 100mL volumetric flask;

s6, detection: and (3) detecting the zirconium content of the solution after acid leaching by adopting an atomic emission spectrometer.

The leaching rate calculation formula is as follows:

(m1 content of zirconium in red mud, m2 content of zirconium in leachate)

In this embodiment, different alkali fusion temperatures are set, so that acid leaching at different temperature structures is easy to detect, and when the leaching temperature is 650 ℃, the leaching rate of zirconium is 51.63%, so that the alkali fusion temperature should be 650 ℃ when leaching conditions of zirconium in red mud are met.

Example 2

Method for recovering zirconium from red mud

S1, drying: naturally screening and drying the red mud sample, and then placing the red mud sample in an electric drying box for drying at the drying temperature of 105-110 ℃ for 2 hours;

s2, crushing: coarsely crushing the dried red mud by using a jaw crusher to enable the particle size of the red mud to be smaller than 3mm, finely grinding the red mud by using a disc crusher, and sieving the ground red mud by using a 120-mesh standard sieve;

s3, alkali dissolution and mixing: adding 2g of sodium hydroxide into 0.2g of the selected red mud, and uniformly mixing to obtain red mud mixed powder;

s4, alkali dissolution: coating the red mud mixed powder in a nickel crucible, then placing the nickel crucible in a muffle furnace for alkali dissolution at 650 ℃, wherein the alkali dissolution time is respectively 20min, 40min, 60min, 80min and 100min, cooling a sample subjected to alkali dissolution, leaching a melt in the crucible with hot water after cooling, and drying a filter residue obtained from the melt by using a suction filter for later use;

s5, acid leaching: acid leaching the filter residue in sulfuric acid with the concentration of 6 mol.L < -1 > and the liquid-solid ratio of 6: 1 on a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer in a slightly boiling state at the stirring speed of 100 r.min < -1 > for 1h, then carrying out suction filtration, and metering the volume of the filtrate into a 100mL volumetric flask;

s6, detection: and (3) detecting the zirconium content of the solution after acid leaching by adopting an atomic emission spectrometer.

In this embodiment, leaching rates of zirconium in red mud at different alkali fusion times are calculated and curves of alkali fusion time and leaching rate are drawn, and when zirconium leaching conditions in red mud are studied, the alkali fusion time should be selected to be 40min, and the leaching rate of zirconium is 74.52%.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.