阅读说明：本技术 一种交替上升连续回采厚大破碎矿体采矿方法 (Mining method for alternately ascending and continuously stoping thick and large broken ore bodies ) 是由 于常先 刘再涛 侯成录 王辉 施旭平 张国栋 王焱 王楠 于 2021-06-30 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明是一种交替上升连续回采厚大破碎矿体采矿方法。一次回采的分段结构横截面为六边形,六边形上下边宽为中腰宽的25%-35%,奇数号采场与偶数号采场在垂直方向上底板间距为分段内采场高度的40%-60%,盘区首先回采奇数号采场,沿采场全长回采完毕后,在采场下盘架设充填挡墙,采用胶结充填体充填采空区,同一分段内所有奇数号采场回采完毕后,开始对下一分段偶数号采场进行回采,偶数号采场充填时,下半部分采用尾砂充填体充填采空区,上半部分采用胶结充填体充填采空区；偶数号采场回采完毕后,再进行下一分段的奇数号采场回采,交替上升进行连续回采。该回采方法不仅提高了单采场生产能力,降低了采矿作业成本,还具有工艺简单、安全、高效的突出特点。(The invention relates to a mining method for continuously extracting thick and large broken ore bodies by means of alternate ascending. The cross section of the sectional structure of primary stoping is hexagonal, the width of the upper side and the lower side of the hexagon is 25% -35% of the width of the middle waist, the distance between the bottom plates of an odd-numbered stope and an even-numbered stope in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stope in the section, the panel firstly stopes the odd-numbered stope, after the stoping is finished along the full length of the stope, a filling retaining wall is erected on the lower tray of the stope, a cemented filling body is used for filling the goaf, after the stoping of all the odd-numbered stopes in the same section is finished, the stoping of the next section of the even-numbered stope is started, when the goaf of the even-numbered stope is filled, the lower half part is filled with a tailing filling body, and the upper half is filled with the goaf with the cemented filling body; and after the stoping of the odd stopes is finished, the stoping of the odd stopes of the next section is carried out, and the stoping is alternately raised for continuous stoping. The stoping method not only improves the production capacity of a single stope and reduces the mining operation cost, but also has the outstanding characteristics of simple process, safety and high efficiency.)

1. A alternately ascends and withdraws the mining method of the thick big broken ore body continuously, the ore body is the thick big ore body, characterized by that while the ore body footwall arranges the accurate system of non-rail mining, construct the middle section haulage way (15) through the (sub) section connecting road (1) at first, then construct the middle section ore removal cross drift (16) in the footwall of the middle section haulage way (15) of the disk area middle position, construct the draw shaft (4) upwards in the middle section ore removal cross drift (16), and link up with each subsection gallery (2) of later stage construction; constructing a stope connecting channel (5) to the ore body (7) by a vertical middle-section conveying roadway (15) at the central position of a panel stope, constructing a rock drilling roadway (6) to the upper plate of the ore body (7) in the stope in the direction of the vertical ore body (7) after reaching the boundary of the lower plate of the ore body (7), and constructing and cutting a raise (8) upwards at the position close to the upper plate of the ore body (7) and communicating with the rock drilling roadway (6) constructed in sections from the top;

when the panel stoping, the panel moves towards along ore body (7) and arranges, and perpendicular ore body (7) of stope moves towards the interval arrangement, and the stope structure is: the whole cross section of the sectional structure of primary stoping is hexagonal, the width of the upper side and the lower side of the hexagon is 25% -35% of the width of the middle waist, eight stopes of the first stope to the eighth stope with continuous numbers are arranged in the panel, wherein, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd stope and the even stope in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stope in the section, the odd stope is stoped by the panel firstly, after stoping along the full length of the stope is finished, a filling retaining wall is erected under the stope, the stope area is filled by cemented filling bodies (12), stoping is started to the next section of the even stope after stoping of all the odd stopes in the same section is finished, when the even stope is filled, the lower half part of the stope is filled with the stope by using tailings filling bodies (13), and the upper half of the stope is filled with the cemented filling bodies (12); and after the stoping of the stopes with even numbers is finished, the stoping of the stopes with odd numbers of the next section is carried out, and the stoping is continuously carried out by alternately ascending until the stoping of the stopes is finished.

2. The method of mining alternate ascending continuous mining of large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: before the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes of the last subsection are stoped, the filling bodies in the upper and middle section rock drilling drifts (6) are cleaned through the upper and middle section transportation drifts (17).

3. The mining method of alternate ascending continuous stoping of thick and large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that prior to stoping of the panel area, the upper panel main break is first supported in advance in the rock drilling roadway (6) by means of long anchor cables (9); and then, carrying out slot drawing on the cut raise (8) to expand the slot to the boundaries of two sides of the stope, carrying out fan-shaped medium-length hole (11) ore dropping on the stope after the slot drawing is finished, and unloading the ore from the blasted ore pile (10) to the chute (4) through the chute connecting passage (3) by adopting a scraper.

4. The mining method of alternate ascending continuous stoping of thick and large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the dip angle of the chute shaft (4) is 50 ° to 60 °.

5. The mining method of alternate ascending continuous stoping of thick and large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of the stope in the subsection is 15m, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd numbered stopes and the even numbered stopes in the vertical direction is 7.5m, the width of the upper and lower sides of the hexagon is 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10 m.

6. The method of mining with alternate ascending continuous stoping of large crushed ore bodies according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of stopes in the segment is 15 m; the mining height of the stope is 15m at one time by adopting fan-shaped medium-length hole ore breaking.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and relates to a mining method for continuously extracting thick and large broken ore bodies by means of alternate ascending. The method is mainly suitable for the extraction of the inclined thick broken ore body of underground gold mining.

Background

In the mining of the inclined thick and large broken ore body, because the ore body is broken, when the stoping is carried out by adopting a layered filling mining method, a large number of security pillars must be reserved for ensuring the safety of a top plate, thereby causing the great loss rate of ore. If the security pillar is not reserved, an upward access mining method is adopted, so that the mining efficiency is low. In other common medium-length hole mining methods, the cross section structure of the stope is usually a rectangular structure, so that the stope is suitable for stopes with large and stable ore body thickness and is not suitable for stopes with large and broken ore body thickness.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a mining method for continuously extracting thick and large crushed ore bodies by means of alternate ascending, so that safe, efficient and low-loss mining of inclined thick and large crushed ore bodies is realized.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a alternately ascends and withdraws the mining method of the thick big broken ore body continuously, the ore body is the thick big ore body, characterized by that when the ore body footwall arranges the accurate system of non-rail mining, construct the middle section haulage way through the (sub) section tie road at first, then construct the horizontal drift of middle section haulage way in the footwall of the middle position haulage way of the panel area, construct the slip mine upwards in the horizontal drift of middle section haulage, and link up with every subsection gallery of later stage construction; constructing a stope connecting channel to the ore body footwall in a vertical middle section conveying roadway at the central position of a panel stope, constructing a rock drilling roadway to an ore body upper wall in the stope in a vertical ore body trend after reaching the boundary of the ore body footwall, and constructing and cutting a raise upwards at a position close to the ore body upper wall and communicating with the rock drilling roadway constructed in a segmented mode from the top;

when the panel stoping, the panel moves towards along the ore body and arranges, and the perpendicular ore body of stope moves towards interval arrangement, and the stope structure is: the whole cross section of the sectional structure of primary stoping is hexagonal, the width of the upper side and the lower side of the hexagon is 25% -35% of the width of the middle waist, eight stopes of the first stope to the eighth stope with continuous numbers are arranged in the panel, wherein, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd stope and the even stope in the vertical direction is 40% -60% of the height of the stope in the section, the odd stope is stoped by the panel firstly, after stoping along the full length of the stope is finished, a filling retaining wall is erected under the stope, the stope is filled with cemented filling bodies, after stoping of all the odd stopes in the same section is finished, stoping of the next section of the even stope is started, when the even stope is filled, the lower half part of the stope is filled with tailing filling bodies, and the upper half of the stope is filled with the cemented filling bodies; and after the stoping of the stopes with even numbers is finished, the stoping of the stopes with odd numbers of the next section is carried out, and the stoping is continuously carried out by alternately ascending until the stoping of the stopes is finished.

Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: and before the odd-numbered stope and the even-numbered stope of the last subsection are stoped, cleaning the filling body in the rock drilling gallery of the upper and middle sections through the upper and middle section transportation galleries.

Preferably, before the recovery of the panel, firstly, the fracture of the upper disc main is supported in advance by using a long anchor cable in a rock drilling roadway; and then, carrying out slot drawing on the cut raise to expand the boundaries at two sides of the stope, carrying out fan-shaped medium-length hole ore dropping on the stope after slot drawing is finished, and unloading the blasted ore pile to a chute by adopting a scraper through a chute communication channel.

Preferably, the dip angle of the ore shaft is 50-60 degrees.

Preferably, the height of each stope in each section is 15m, the distance between the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes in the vertical direction is 7.5m, the widths of the upper side and the lower side of each hexagon are 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10 m.

The invention has the positive effects that:

1. the production capacity is large, and the mining efficiency is high. The stope in the panel area adopts medium-length hole ore breaking, so that the ore breaking efficiency is high; four stopes are operated simultaneously, the comprehensive production capacity is high, and the mining efficiency is high.

2. The operation safety is high. The stope structure adopts a hexagonal structure, and the stope roof is arched and can bear larger stress, so that the problem of larger rock mass crushing ground pressure is effectively solved; the exposed width of the top plate of the stope structure is only 3m, so that the safety is high; the interface of adjacent stopes is an inclined plane (hexagonal bevel edge), the filling body is not easy to collapse under the same blasting parameters, and in addition, the stope rock drilling is completely carried out in the rock drilling roadway, so that the operation is safer.

3. The loss rate is low, and the mining recovery rate is high. Stope mining is carried out by adopting an upward subsequent filling mining method, top and bottom pillars and studs are not left, all ore bodies are stoped, the ore stoping rate is high, and the loss rate is low.

4. The dilution rate is low, and the ore removal quality is good. When stope stoping, the two sides of the upper half part of the stope are ore bodies, so that dilution is small. The cemented filling bodies are arranged on the two sides of the lower half portion of the stope and are inclined outwards, the inclination angle is preferably 120 degrees, the possibility that the filling bodies collapse into the stope is reduced to the maximum extent, tailing dilution is effectively reduced, and the ore dilution rate is lower.

5. The filling efficiency is high. When stope filling is carried out, the goaf with the height of 15m is filled once, the volume of the goaf is relatively larger, and the filling efficiency is higher.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal projection view of a stope according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1; the section is an odd-numbered stope.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 1; the section is an even-numbered stope.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the lines IV-IV of FIG. 1.

In the figure: 1-middle (sub) section connecting channel; 2, subsection roadway entry; 3-chute shaft connecting channel; 4-slipping in a mine; 5-stope connecting lane; 6-drilling a rock roadway; 7-ore body; 8-cutting the raise; 9-long anchor cable; 10-ore heap; 11-a fan-shaped medium-length hole; 12-cementing the filling body; 13-tailing filling; 14-filling the retaining wall with wood boards; 15-middle section transportation lane; 16-a middle-section ore removal cross drift; 17-upper middle section transportation lane.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the present invention is directed to an embodiment of a mining method for the alternating-rise continuous stoping of large, thick, broken ore bodies, comprising the steps of:

1. the panel areas are arranged along the trend of the ore body 7, and the length of the panel areas is 55.5 m; the width of the panel area is the horizontal thickness of the ore body 7, and the horizontal thickness is more than 25 m; the height of the middle section is 45m, the height of the subsection is 15m, no top-bottom column or no stud is provided, the height of the stope in the subsection is 15m, the stope structure is a hexagon shown in figure 1, the widths of the upper side and the lower side are both 3m, and the width of the middle waist is 10 m. Eight stopes are arranged in the panel at intervals, the stopes are arranged at intervals along the direction perpendicular to the ore body 7, and the distance between the bottom plates of the odd-numbered stopes and the bottom plates of the even-numbered stopes in the vertical direction is 7.5 m.

2. And a trackless accurate mining system is arranged on the lower wall of the ore body.

Firstly, a middle section transportation lane 15 is constructed through a middle (sub) section connecting lane 1, and then a middle section ore removal cross lane 16 is constructed on the lower plate of the middle section transportation lane 15 at the middle position of the plate area. And (3) upwards constructing a chute 4 in the middle-section ore removal cross drift 16, wherein the inclination angle of the chute is about 55 degrees, and the chute is communicated with each subsection roadway 2 constructed in the later stage.

And in the central position of the panel stope, a vertical middle section transportation lane 15 carries out stope connection lane 5 to the ore body 7. And after the coal mine reaches the boundary of the lower plate of the ore body 7, a rock drilling roadway 6 is constructed in the stope in a way of being vertical to the trend of the ore body 7 to reach the upper plate of the ore body 7. And a cutting raise 8 is constructed upwards at a position close to the upper plate of the ore body 7 and is communicated with the rock drilling roadway 6 constructed in a subsection manner from the upper part.

3. And (5) stoping the disc area.

Firstly, stoping odd-numbered stopes by the panel, and firstly, utilizing a long anchor cable 9 to support the upper plate main fracture in advance in a rock drilling roadway 6 before stoping; and then, carrying out groove drawing on the cut raise 8 and expanding the cut raise to the boundaries of two sides of the stope. And after the groove is pulled, the stope is subjected to fan-shaped medium-length hole 11 ore breaking, the blasted ore pile 10 is carried by a scraper, and the ore is unloaded to the ore chute 4 through the ore chute connecting passage 3. After the stoping along the full length of the stope is finished, a wood board filling retaining wall 14 is erected on the lower wall of the stope, and the goaf is filled by adopting a cemented filling body 12. The medium-length hole 11 is preferably an upward vertical fan-shaped medium-length hole.

In the same section, after the stoping of all the odd-numbered stopes is finished, the stoping of the even-numbered stopes of the next section is started, the stoping process is the same as that of the odd-numbered stopes, the difference is that when the even-numbered stopes are filled, the goaf is filled by the tailing filling bodies 13 in the lower half part, and the goaf is filled by the cemented filling bodies 12 in the upper half part. And after the stoping of the stope with the even number is finished, the stoping of the stope with the odd number of the next section is carried out, and the stope alternately ascends to carry out continuous stoping until the stoping of the stope is finished.

4. And cleaning a filling body in the upper and middle section rock drilling tunnels.

Before the odd-numbered stopes and the even-numbered stopes of the last subsection are stoped, in order to ensure that ventilation and filling pipelines are convenient to erect, filling bodies in the upper and middle section rock drilling drifts 6 are cleaned through the upper and middle section transportation drifts 17, and free passages are created.

The mining method for continuously extracting the thick and large broken ore bodies by alternately ascending is adopted for the inclined thick and large broken ore bodies of the underground mine, so that the safe, efficient and low-cost extraction of the ore bodies is realized.