阅读说明：本技术 一种利用超高压微射流技术提取桑葚中天然色素的方法 (Method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology ) 是由 杨成东 于 2019-08-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种利用超高压微射流技术提取桑葚中天然色素的方法,属于天然色素辅助提取技术领域。包括以下制备步骤：(1)将桑葚低温烘干后,取出粉碎,获得桑葚粉末；2)加入水,经超高压微射流均质设备处理；3)酶解；4)离心分离,取上清液,通过膜浓缩设备,喷雾干燥,即可得到桑葚红色素。与传统色素提取方法相比,本发明缩短了提取时间,提高了提取效率,且色素提取纯度高,溶解性好,适宜用于食品添加。(The invention relates to a method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology, belonging to the technical field of auxiliary extraction of natural pigment. The preparation method comprises the following preparation steps: (1) drying the mulberries at a low temperature, taking out and crushing to obtain mulberry powder; 2) adding water, and treating by ultrahigh pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment; 3) carrying out enzymolysis; 4) and (4) performing centrifugal separation, taking supernatant, passing through a membrane concentration device, and performing spray drying to obtain the mulberry haematochrome. Compared with the traditional pigment extraction method, the method shortens the extraction time, improves the extraction efficiency, has high pigment extraction purity and good solubility, and is suitable for food addition.)

1. A method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure microjet technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) selecting mulberries with good appearance, cleaning, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mulberry powder;

(2) adding water in a certain proportion, and treating for 5-10min by ultrahigh pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment;

(3) adding complex enzyme 0.01-0.05% of the powder weight, adjusting pH to 3.8-4.5, and performing enzymolysis at 45-55 deg.C for 2-4 h;

(4) separating the enzymolysis solution with centrifuge, collecting supernatant, filtering with fiber membrane, and repeating for 2-3 times;

(5) and (4) performing cold air spray drying through membrane concentration equipment to obtain the mulberry pigment.

2. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultra-high pressure micro-jet technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the water added in the step (2) is 15-20 times of the weight of the powder.

3. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology according to claim 1, wherein the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet treatment pressure in the step (2) is 60-80Mpa, and the temperature is 20-30 ℃.

4. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme in the step (3) is a mixture of pectinase and cellulase, and the mixing ratio is 1: 1.2-1.5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary extraction of natural pigments, and belongs to the field of food processing. In particular to a method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology.

Background

With the importance of people on food safety, the harm of the artificially synthesized pigment is more and more important, the natural pigment in the mulberry not only has high safety and good colorability, but also has biological activities of resisting oxidation, removing free radicals and the like, and the natural pigment is used for replacing the artificially synthesized pigment to become a necessary development trend.

At present, the extraction method of natural pigment is mainly a solvent extraction method, but the solvent extraction method has the defects of long extraction time, low extraction rate, multiple extraction, low color value and the like; the pigment yield can be improved and the extraction time can be shortened by heating, ultrasonic treatment and microwave treatment on the basis of a solvent extraction method, but the stability of the pigment is reduced along with the increase of the temperature, the pigment is degraded more quickly as the temperature is higher, and the degradation of the pigment and the reduction of the biological activity in the extraction process are caused by the heating, ultrasonic treatment and microwave auxiliary treatment.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the existing solvent extraction method, the invention provides the method for extracting the pigment in the mulberry under the assistance of the ultrahigh pressure, and the method has the advantages of short extraction time, high extraction yield, high stability, high biological activity and the like.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure microjet technology comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting mulberries with good appearance, cleaning, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mulberry powder;

(2) adding water in a certain proportion, and treating for 5-10min by ultrahigh pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment;

(3) adding complex enzyme 0.01-0.05% of the powder weight, adjusting pH to 3.8-4.5, and performing enzymolysis at 45-55 deg.C for 2-4 h;

(4) separating the enzymolysis solution with centrifuge, collecting supernatant, filtering with fiber membrane, and repeating for 2-3 times;

(5) and (4) performing cold air spray drying through membrane concentration equipment to obtain the mulberry pigment.

2. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultra-high pressure micro-jet technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the water added in the step (2) is 15-20 times of the weight of the powder.

3. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology according to claim 1, wherein the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet treatment pressure in the step (2) is 60-80Mpa, and the temperature is 20-30 ℃.

6. The method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet technology according to claim 1, wherein the complex enzyme in the step (3) is a mixture of pectinase and cellulase, and the mixing ratio is 1: 1.2-1.5.

Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the method uses the ultrahigh pressure micro-jet to extract the pigment in the mulberry, and compared with the traditional solvent extraction method, the method has the advantages of shortening the extraction time, improving the extraction yield and reducing the energy consumption; compared with thermal extraction, ultrasonic-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, the ultrahigh-pressure micro-jet extraction process has no thermal processing, so that the degradation of pigments in the mulberry in the heating process can be reduced, and the damage of heating to the biological activity of the pigments can be avoided; compared with biological enzyme method and supercritical extraction method, it has the advantages of short period, low energy consumption, stable character, etc. The method for extracting the pigment has the advantages of short period, low energy consumption, complete retention of biological activity, safety and reliability.

Example (b):

the present invention will be described in the following with reference to specific examples.

Example 1

A method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure microjet technology comprises the following steps:

(1) taking 0.1kg of mulberry, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mulberry powder;

(2) adding water 15 times the mass of the mulberry powder, and treating for 5min by ultrahigh pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment at 65Mpa and 30 deg.C;

(3) adding complex enzyme with the weight of 0.02% of the powder, adjusting the pH value to 4.2, and carrying out enzymolysis for 4h at the temperature of 50 ℃;

(4) separating the enzymolysis solution with centrifuge, collecting supernatant, filtering with fiber membrane, and repeating for 2 times;

(5) and (4) performing cold air spray drying on the mulberry pigment by using a membrane concentration device to obtain the mulberry pigment, wherein the pigment extraction rate is 85.1%.

Example 2

A method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure microjet technology comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting mulberries with good appearance, cleaning, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mulberry powder;

(2) adding water 18 times the weight of the mulberry, and treating for 8min by using ultrahigh-pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment;

(3) adding complex enzyme with the weight of 0.05 percent of the powder, adjusting the pH value to 3.8, and carrying out enzymolysis for 2.5h at the temperature of 45 ℃;

(4) separating the enzymolysis solution with centrifuge, collecting supernatant, filtering with fiber membrane, and repeating for 2 times;

(5) and (4) performing cold air spray drying by using a membrane concentration device to obtain the mulberry pigment, wherein the pigment extraction rate is 78.3%.

Example 3

A method for extracting natural pigment from mulberry by using an ultrahigh pressure microjet technology comprises the following steps:

(1) selecting mulberries with good appearance, cleaning, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mulberry powder;

(2) adding water with the weight 20 times of that of the mulberry powder, and treating for 10min by using ultrahigh-pressure micro-jet homogenizing equipment;

(3) adding complex enzyme with the weight of 0.03 percent of the powder, adjusting the pH value to 4.2, and carrying out enzymolysis for 3 hours at the temperature of 55 ℃;

(4) separating the enzymolysis solution with centrifuge, collecting supernatant, filtering with fiber membrane, and repeating for 2 times;

(5) and (4) performing cold air spray drying by using a membrane concentration device to obtain the mulberry pigment, wherein the pigment extraction rate is 76.8%.