阅读说明：本技术 一种电子限滑差速器及汽车 (Electronic limited slip differential and automobile ) 是由 袁罕 郑建辉 孟凡行 李红 王正洋 张庚 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于汽车技术领域,尤其涉及一种电子限滑差速器及汽车。该差速器的驱动机构包括：电磁离合器、滚动轴承、衔铁、钢球,其中：电磁离合器固定在主减速器壳体上,滚动轴承设置在差速器壳体一端,电磁离合器通过滚动轴承与差速器壳体连接,衔铁套设在差速器壳体上,衔铁内侧设有多个钢球,衔铁可通过多个钢球与差速器壳体做相对滚动运动,由于在衔铁内侧安装了多个钢球,当电磁离合器通电后吸引衔铁运动时,衔铁与差速器壳体之间的相对运动为滚动摩擦,相比现有技术中的滑动摩擦,降低了摩擦生热量,减小了锁止过程中的能量损耗,从而提高了电磁衔铁的工作效率。(The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to an electronic limited slip differential and an automobile. The drive mechanism of the differential includes: electromagnetic clutch, antifriction bearing, armature, steel ball, wherein: electromagnetic clutch fixes on the main reducer casing, antifriction bearing sets up in differential mechanism casing one end, electromagnetic clutch passes through antifriction bearing and is connected with the differential mechanism casing, the armature cover is established on the differential mechanism casing, the armature inboard is equipped with a plurality of steel balls, relative rolling motion is done with the differential mechanism casing to a plurality of steel balls of armature accessible, because a plurality of steel balls have been installed to the armature inboard, when electromagnetic clutch circular telegram back attraction armature moved, relative motion between armature and the differential mechanism casing is rolling friction, compare the sliding friction among the prior art, the heat generation amount of friction has been reduced, the energy loss in the locking process has been reduced, thereby electromagnetic armature's work efficiency has been improved.)

1. The utility model provides an electronic limited slip differential, is in including setting up the differential casing in the main reducer casing and setting first gear, second gear, planetary gear set and the driven spiral bevel gear in the differential casing, first gear with the second gear sets up relatively, planetary gear set all with first gear, second gear mesh, still be equipped with the centre ring between first gear and the second gear, driven spiral bevel gear establishes the differential casing in the second gear outside, its characterized in that still includes: locking means, locking means includes actuating mechanism, locking mechanism and canceling release mechanical system, wherein:

the drive mechanism includes: the electromagnetic clutch is fixed on the main speed reducer shell, the rolling bearing is arranged at one end of the differential shell, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with the differential shell through the rolling bearing, the differential shell is rotatably connected in the electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic clutch cannot rotate along with the differential shell, the armature is sleeved on the differential shell between the electromagnetic clutch and the driven spiral bevel gear, a plurality of steel balls are arranged on the inner side of the armature, and the armature can make relative rolling motion with the differential shell through the plurality of steel balls;

the locking mechanism is arranged between the driving device and the first gear, the locking mechanism is movably connected with the resetting mechanism, the resetting mechanism is of an elastic structure, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the electromagnetic clutch is electrified to attract the armature towards the electromagnetic clutch, the locking mechanism is driven by the armature to displace towards the first gear and lock the first gear to stop the rotation of the first gear, and the resetting mechanism is compressed along with the displacement of the locking mechanism; when the electronic limited slip differential stops locking, the electromagnetic clutch is disconnected from the power supply and loses suction force, the reset mechanism extends to reset the locking mechanism to the initial position, and the locking mechanism is separated from the first gear.

2. An electronic limited slip differential as defined in claim 1, wherein said locking mechanism comprises: round pin axle, shifting block and locking piece, wherein:

the armature is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves with inclined surfaces inside, each limiting groove is internally provided with the pin shaft and the shifting block, the pin shaft is fixed on the differential shell, the shifting block is provided with a rotating central hole, the shifting block is sleeved on the pin shaft through the rotating central hole, the distance from the head parts of two ends of the shifting block to the rotating central hole is arranged according to a preset proportion, and the shifting block is divided into a first edge and a second edge according to the position of the rotating central hole; the locking piece is arranged on the first gear, end face teeth are arranged on the first gear, and the locking piece is arranged on one side of the first gear, which is provided with the end face teeth;

the first edge of the shifting block is located between the armature and the electromagnetic clutch, the second edge of the shifting block is arranged opposite to the locking piece, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the armature is attracted to the electromagnetic clutch direction after the electromagnetic clutch is electrified, the armature is pulled to move in the moving direction of the armature, the first edge of the shifting block moves in the direction of the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting block rotates around the pin shaft, the second edge of the shifting block moves towards the locking piece direction, and the locking piece is pushed to enter the end face tooth of the first gear.

3. The electronic limited slip differential according to claim 2, wherein the locking member is a toothed cross-ring that fits over the first gear, the toothed cross-ring being driven by the drive means to engage the face teeth to stop the first gear.

4. The electronic limited slip differential as claimed in claim 1, wherein said armature is radially perforated with a plurality of through holes, each of said through holes having a set screw disposed therein, said steel ball disposed at a head of said set screw, said steel ball being on a side of said armature adjacent to said differential case.

5. An electronic limited slip differential as set forth in claim 2 wherein a first shim plate is also disposed on the differential housing between said electromagnetic clutch and said armature.

6. An electronic limited slip differential as set forth in claim 5 wherein a second shim plate is also disposed about said differential housing on a side of said armature remote from said electromagnetic clutch.

7. The electronic limited slip differential as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of said plurality of shift blocks corresponds to one of said plurality of reset mechanisms, said toothed cross-shaped ring has a plurality of sliding grooves formed therein, and each of said plurality of reset mechanisms corresponds to one of said plurality of sliding grooves, said reset mechanisms comprising:

one end of the positioning pin is in contact with the driven spiral bevel gear, and the other end of the positioning pin penetrates through the central ring and is installed in the sliding groove;

the reset spring, the centre ring with the cover is equipped with reset spring between the locating pin other end, when electromagnetic clutch cuts off the power supply, reset spring is free state.

8. An electronic limited slip differential as claimed in claim 1, wherein said planetary gears are helical gears.

9. An electronic limited slip differential as set forth in claim 1 wherein said rolling bearing is a tapered roller bearing.

10. An automobile, characterized in that the automobile comprises an electronic limited slip differential according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to an electronic limited slip differential and an automobile.

Background

A differential is a device that allows the left and right wheels to rotate at different speeds. The electric control mechanical lock type limited slip differential assembly adopts a circuit to control the limited slip time and the limited slip degree, has stable limited slip and controllable limited slip moment, and can be used for more accurately distributing the torque between the driving wheels. The specific implementation principle and scheme of the limited slip of the electric control mechanical lock are as follows: the actual working condition of the vehicle is combined, the whole vehicle differential control strategy sends an instruction to electrify the electromagnet device, and differential locking is realized through the operation of the stroke increasing mechanism, the locking mechanism and the like. When the whole vehicle differential control strategy sends a locking releasing instruction, the electromagnet is powered off, the electromagnetic force is eliminated, the reset mechanism resets the locking ring, and the differential locking is released.

In carrying out the present invention, the applicant has found that at least the following disadvantages exist in the prior art:

1. when the electromagnetic clutch is locked, relative movement between the armature and the shell is mainly realized by sliding friction, the friction force to be overcome is large, and the energy loss in the locking process is increased, so that the working efficiency of the electromagnetic armature is reduced, and the phenomenon of unstable sliding exists;

2. the sliding friction has higher requirements on the machining precision and the surface process treatment of parts, the machining and manufacturing difficulty is improved, and the manufacturing cost is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an electronic limited slip differential and an automobile, and aims to solve the technical problems of unstable slip, high part processing difficulty and high manufacturing cost in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

in one aspect, the present invention provides an electronic limited slip differential, including a differential housing disposed in a main speed reducer housing, and a first gear, a second gear, a planetary gear set and a driven spiral bevel gear disposed in the differential housing, wherein the first gear and the second gear are disposed opposite to each other, the planetary gear set is engaged with the first gear and the second gear, a center ring is disposed between the first gear and the second gear, and the driven spiral bevel gear is disposed in the differential housing outside the second gear, which is characterized by further including: locking device, locking device includes actuating mechanism, locking mechanism and canceling release mechanical system, actuating mechanism includes: electromagnetic clutch, antifriction bearing, armature, steel ball, wherein:

the electromagnetic clutch is fixed on the main speed reducer shell, the rolling bearing is arranged at one end of the differential shell, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with the differential shell through the rolling bearing, the differential shell is rotatably connected in the electromagnetic clutch, the electromagnetic clutch cannot rotate along with the differential shell, the armature is sleeved on the differential shell between the electromagnetic clutch and the driven spiral bevel gear, a plurality of steel balls are arranged on the inner side of the armature, and the armature can make relative rolling motion with the differential shell through the plurality of steel balls;

the locking mechanism is arranged between the driving device and the first gear, the locking mechanism is movably connected with the resetting mechanism, the resetting mechanism is of an elastic structure, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the electromagnetic clutch is electrified to attract the armature towards the electromagnetic clutch, the locking mechanism is driven by the armature to displace towards the first gear and lock the first gear to stop the rotation of the first gear, and the resetting mechanism is compressed along with the displacement of the locking mechanism; when the electronic limited slip differential stops locking, the electromagnetic clutch is disconnected from the power supply and loses suction force, the reset mechanism extends to reset the locking mechanism to the initial position, and the locking mechanism is separated from the first gear.

Further, the locking mechanism includes: round pin axle, shifting block and locking piece, wherein:

the armature is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves with inclined surfaces inside, each limiting groove is internally provided with the pin shaft and the shifting block, the pin shaft is fixed on the differential shell, the shifting block is provided with a rotating central hole, the shifting block is sleeved on the pin shaft through the rotating central hole, the distance from the head parts of two ends of the shifting block to the rotating central hole is arranged according to a preset proportion, and the shifting block is divided into a first edge and a second edge according to the position of the rotating central hole; the locking piece is arranged on the first gear, end face teeth are arranged on the first gear, and the locking piece is arranged on one side of the first gear, which is provided with the end face teeth;

the first edge of the shifting block is located between the armature and the electromagnetic clutch, the second edge of the shifting block is arranged opposite to the locking piece, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the armature is attracted to the electromagnetic clutch direction after the electromagnetic clutch is electrified, the armature is pulled to move in the moving direction of the armature, the first edge of the shifting block moves in the direction of the electromagnetic clutch, the shifting block rotates around the pin shaft, the second edge of the shifting block moves towards the locking piece direction, and the locking piece is pushed to enter the end face tooth of the first gear.

Furthermore, the locking piece is a cross ring with teeth, the cross ring with teeth is sleeved on the first gear, and the cross ring with teeth is meshed with the end face teeth under the driving of the driving device, so that the first gear stops rotating.

Furthermore, the armature is radially provided with a plurality of through holes, each through hole is internally provided with a set screw, the steel ball is arranged at the head of the set screw, and the steel ball is arranged on one side of the armature close to the differential case.

Furthermore, a first base plate is further sleeved on the differential case between the electromagnetic clutch and the armature.

Further, still the cover is equipped with the second backing plate on the differential mechanism casing of armature keeping away from electromagnetic clutch one side, the material of second backing plate is the austenite stainless steel.

Further, each shifting block corresponds to one resetting mechanism, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the toothed cross ring, each resetting mechanism corresponds to one sliding groove, and the resetting mechanism comprises:

one end of the positioning pin is in contact with the driven spiral bevel gear, and the other end of the positioning pin penetrates through the central ring and is installed in the sliding groove;

the reset spring, the centre ring with the cover is equipped with reset spring between the locating pin other end, when electromagnetic clutch cuts off the power supply, reset spring is free state.

Preferably, the planetary gear is a helical gear.

Preferably, the rolling bearing is a tapered roller bearing.

On the other hand, the invention also provides an automobile, and the electronic limited slip differential is arranged in the automobile.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention provides an automobile which comprises an electronic limited slip differential, wherein a plurality of steel balls are arranged on the inner side of an armature, when an electromagnetic clutch is electrified to attract the armature to move, the armature and a differential shell move relatively through the steel balls, so that the movement is smoother, and the problem of clamping stagnation in the movement process is avoided.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electronic limited slip differential of the present embodiment;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of an electronic limited slip differential of the present embodiment;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first gear of the present embodiment.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

the invention discloses an electronic limited slip differential, and fig. 1 is a sectional view of the electronic limited slip differential of the embodiment, and in combination with fig. 1, the electronic limited slip differential of the embodiment comprises a differential case 4 arranged in a main speed reducer case, and a first gear 14, a second gear 15, a planetary gear set and a driven helical bevel gear 3 arranged in the differential case 4, wherein the first gear 14 and the second gear 15 are arranged oppositely, the planetary gear set is meshed with the first gear 14 and the second gear 15, a center ring 5 is further arranged between the first gear 14 and the second gear 15, and the driven helical bevel gear 3 is arranged on the differential case 4 outside the second gear 15 through a plurality of bolts 25 and is jointed and locked with a gasket 20 of the differential case.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of an electronic limited slip differential according to the present embodiment, and with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment further includes a locking device, where the locking device includes a driving mechanism, a locking mechanism, and a resetting mechanism.

With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the driving mechanism in this embodiment includes: the electromagnetic clutch comprises an electromagnetic clutch 21, a rolling bearing 24, an armature 9 and a steel ball 22, wherein the electromagnetic clutch 21 is installed on a main speed reducer shell, the rolling bearing 24 is arranged at one end of the differential shell 4, the other side of the electromagnetic clutch 21 is connected with the differential shell 4 through the rolling bearing 24, the right differential shell 4 is rotatably connected in the electromagnetic clutch 21, the electromagnetic clutch 21 cannot rotate along with the right differential shell 4, preferably, the rolling bearing 24 can be a tapered roller bearing and is used for positioning the electromagnetic clutch 21 so as to avoid axial movement of the electromagnetic clutch 21 in the absorbing and neutralizing process, and a first bearing gasket 13 and a second bearing gasket 16 are respectively arranged at two ends of the rolling bearing 24; the armature 9 is sleeved on the differential case 4 between the electromagnetic clutch 21 and the driven spiral bevel gear 3, the inner side of the armature 9 is provided with a plurality of steel balls 22, the armature 9 can make relative rolling motion with the differential case 4 through the plurality of steel balls 22, specifically, in the embodiment, 12 steel balls 22 can be installed, and in order to improve the stability of the armature 9 during moving, the 12 steel balls 22 can be designed into a double-row structure.

With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the locking mechanism is disposed between the driving device and the first gear 14, the locking mechanism is movably connected to the reset mechanism, the reset mechanism is of an elastic structure, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the electromagnetic clutch 21 is energized to attract the armature 9 toward the electromagnetic clutch 21, the locking mechanism is driven by the armature 9 to displace toward the first gear 14 and lock the first gear 14, so that the first gear 14 stops rotating, and the reset mechanism compresses along with the displacement of the locking mechanism; when the electronic limited slip differential stops locking, the electromagnetic clutch 21 is powered off and loses suction force, the reset mechanism extends to reset the locking mechanism to the initial position, and the locking mechanism is separated from the first gear 14.

In the embodiment, because the plurality of steel balls 22 are arranged on the inner side of the armature 9, when the electromagnetic clutch 21 is electrified, a magnetic induction line is generated, and the armature 9 is attracted to move towards the electromagnetic clutch 21, the relative movement between the armature 9 and the differential case 4 is rolling friction, compared with sliding friction in the prior art, the friction heat generation amount is reduced, and the energy loss in the locking process is reduced, so that the working efficiency of the electromagnetic armature is improved, the heating problem of the electromagnetic clutch 21 is also improved, the clamping stagnation problem in the movement process is avoided, the part processing precision and the surface treatment process requirement are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first gear 14 of the present embodiment, and with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 3, the locking mechanism of the present embodiment includes: the differential mechanism comprises a pin shaft 27, a shifting block 8 and a locking piece 7, wherein a plurality of limiting grooves with inclined surfaces inside are arranged on an armature 9, the pin shaft 27 and the shifting block 8 are arranged in each limiting groove, the pin shaft 27 is fixed on the differential mechanism shell 4, a rotary central hole is arranged in the middle of the shifting block 8, the shifting block 8 is sleeved on the pin shaft 27 through the rotary central hole, the distance from the head parts of two ends of the shifting block 8 to the rotary central hole is arranged according to a preset proportion, and the shifting block 8 is divided into a first edge and a second edge according to the position of the rotary central hole; the locking piece 7 is arranged on the first gear 14, the first gear 14 is provided with end face teeth 14.1, the locking piece 7 is arranged on one side of the first gear 14 provided with the end face teeth 14.1, wherein the first edge of the shifting block 8 is arranged between the armature 9 and the electromagnetic clutch 21, the second edge of the shifting block 8 is arranged opposite to the locking piece 7, when the electronic limited slip differential is locked, the armature 9 is attracted to the electromagnetic clutch 21 after the electromagnetic clutch 21 is electrified, the first edge of the shifting block 8 is pulled by the movement of the armature 9 to move towards the electromagnetic clutch 21, the shifting block 8 rotates around the pin shaft 27, the second edge of the shifting block 8 moves towards the locking piece 7, and the locking piece 7 is pushed to enter the end face teeth 14.1 of the first gear 14. Namely, the existence of the shifting block 8 enables a force increasing mechanism to be formed at the position, so that a small repulsive force can be increased by multiple times, a large axial thrust is formed at the position of the toothed cross ring, the toothed cross ring is pushed to move towards the first gear 14 and is meshed with the end face teeth 14.1, and the slip limiting function of the differential is achieved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the locking member 7 is a toothed cross-shaped ring, the toothed cross-shaped ring is sleeved on the first gear 14, and the toothed cross-shaped ring is meshed with the end face teeth 14.1 under the driving of the driving device, so that the first gear 14 stops rotating.

Further, in the present embodiment, the armature 9 is radially provided with a plurality of through holes, each through hole is provided with a set screw 26, the steel ball 22 is arranged at the head of the set screw 26, the steel ball 22 is arranged at one side of the armature 9 close to the differential case 4, and the set screw 26 can limit the steel ball 22, so as to adjust the friction torque between the steel ball 22 and the differential case, and keep the steel ball 22 and the differential case 4 in smooth relative rolling motion.

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a backing plate 12 is further sleeved on the differential case 4 between the electromagnetic clutch 21 and the armature 9, and the backing plate 12 and the armature 9 keep a limit distance of 2.5mm, so that a gap is still kept between the electromagnetic clutch 21 and the armature 9 in an attraction state, and attraction unsmooth due to residual magnetic attraction when the electromagnetic clutch 21 is powered off is avoided; the differential case on the side of the armature 9 far away from the electromagnetic clutch 21 is sleeved with a second base plate 11, the differential case 4 on the side of the second base plate 11 is also provided with a positioning pressing plate 6 which can bear the axial force in the rotation process of the planetary gear, the second base plate 11 and the positioning pressing plate 6 are both fixed on the differential case 4 through bolts 23, the second base plate 11 and the bolts 23 are made of austenitic stainless steel, the austenitic stainless steel has the function of insulating and shielding electromagnetic force, residual magnetism after the electromagnetic clutch 21 is powered off can be isolated, and residual magnetic resistance is avoided.

With reference to fig. 1, in this embodiment, each shifting block 8 corresponds to a reset mechanism, a plurality of sliding grooves are formed on the toothed cross ring, each reset mechanism corresponds to a sliding groove, and the reset mechanism includes: positioning pin 10 and reset spring 19, positioning pin 10 one end and driven spiral bevel gear 3 contact, driven spiral bevel gear 3 can carry out spacing to positioning pin 10, the positioning pin 10 other end passes centre ring 5 and installs in the sliding tray, the cover is equipped with reset spring 19 between the centre ring 5 and the positioning pin 10 other end, reset spring 19 cover is established on positioning pin 10, when electromagnetic clutch 21 cuts off the power supply, reset spring 19 is free state, when electromagnetic clutch 21 circular telegram, take tooth cross-shaped ring and terminal surface tooth 14.1 meshing, reset spring 19 is in compression state, after electromagnetic clutch 21 cuts off the power supply, the suction of armature 9 disappears, reset spring 19's resilience force promotes and takes tooth cross-shaped ring to reset, take tooth cross-shaped ring and terminal surface tooth 14.1 throw off, thereby stop the locking.

Preferably, the planetary gear in the embodiment adopts a helical gear, and when the helical gear is meshed, the meshing contact line is from short to long to short, so that the meshing impact of the helical gear is small, and meanwhile, the overlapping coefficient of the helical gear is larger than that of the straight gear, so that the gear meshing impact in the locking process of the differential lock can be well avoided, and the running stability and the bearing capacity of the gear are improved.

Preferably, in the embodiment, the two ends of the differential case 4 are respectively provided with the bearing 1 and the bearing 2, so that the antiskid differential is conveniently installed and used in the main speed reducer, and the power transmission is better ensured; the outer side wall of the outer shell is also coated with antirust paint, so that the service life of the antiskid differential can be prolonged.

Example 2:

the invention further provides an automobile, wherein the electronic limited slip differential in the embodiment is arranged in the automobile, when the automobile encounters a special road surface and one side wheel slips, the working process of the electronic limited slip differential in the embodiment 2 is the same as that of the electronic limited slip differential in the embodiment 1, and details are not repeated here. Compared with the prior art, the electronic limited slip differential in the automobile provided by the invention has the advantages that the plurality of steel balls 22 are arranged on the inner side of the armature 9, when the armature 9 is attracted to move after the electromagnetic clutch 21 is electrified, the relative movement between the armature 9 and the differential shell 4 is rolling friction, and compared with the sliding friction in the prior art, the friction heat generation quantity is reduced, the energy loss in the locking process is reduced, so that the working efficiency of the electromagnetic armature 9 is improved, the heating problem of the electromagnetic clutch 21 is improved, the clamping stagnation problem in the moving process is avoided, the part processing precision and the surface treatment process requirement are reduced, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical features of the present invention can be changed or modified by the equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.