Compound preservative and using method thereof

文档序号：91313 发布日期：2021-10-12 浏览：15次中文

阅读说明：本技术 一种复合防腐剂及其使用方法 (Compound preservative and using method thereof ) 是由张雅洁刘营周樱詹志春辜玲芳于 2021-06-07 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明属于饲料添加剂加工和保存技术领域,具体提供了一种包括溶菌酶、抗菌肽、抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、PH调节剂、氯化钠、丙酸钙和乙二胺四乙酸二钠的复合防腐剂及其制备和使用方法。本发明以安全无害的生物制剂为原料,利用溶菌酶、抗菌肽与其他组分协同作用,可以在饲料原料中起到高效的杀菌抑菌作用,同时不会对饲料造成危害；作为pH调节剂的甲酸,可以有效控制饲料原料的酸性,抑制微生物的生长；抗坏血酸作为抗氧化剂可以延迟饲料中脂质的氧化；本发明提供的这种复合防腐剂制备和使用方法简单,可以有效抑制微生物的生长,延长鱼溶浆的储存时间,产品使用安全、方便,为生产和销售提供更多可能,具有广阔的实际应用价值。(The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additive processing and preservation, and particularly provides a compound preservative comprising lysozyme, antibacterial peptide, ascorbic acid, citric acid, a pH regulator, sodium chloride, calcium propionate and disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, and a preparation method and a use method thereof. The invention takes safe and harmless biological agents as raw materials, utilizes the synergistic effect of lysozyme, antibacterial peptide and other components, can play a role in efficiently sterilizing and inhibiting bacteria in feed raw materials, and does not cause harm to the feed; the formic acid used as the pH regulator can effectively control the acidity of feed raw materials and inhibit the growth of microorganisms; ascorbic acid as an antioxidant may delay the oxidation of lipids in the feed; the preparation and use methods of the compound preservative provided by the invention are simple, the growth of microorganisms can be effectively inhibited, the storage time of fish dissolving pulp is prolonged, the product is safe and convenient to use, more possibilities are provided for production and sale, and the compound preservative has a wide practical application value.)

1. A compound preservative, comprising: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; wherein the component A comprises 80-90% of lysozyme and 10-20% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 10-20% of ascorbic acid and 80-90% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% of PH regulator; the component D comprises 50-70% of sodium chloride, 10-20% of calcium propionate and 10-20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

2. The compound preservative of claim 1, wherein: the enzyme activity of the lysozyme in the component A is 1.0 multiplied by 10⁵-2.0×10⁵U/g。

3. The compound preservative of claim 1, wherein: the pH regulator in the component C is formic acid.

4. The compound preservative of claim 1, wherein: and the component A and the component B are independently packaged by adopting a light-resistant material.

5. The method for preparing the compound preservative according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:

(1) weighing lysozyme and antibacterial peptide according to a proportion, mixing the lysozyme and the antibacterial peptide, and then sealing and packaging the mixture to obtain the component A;

(2) weighing ascorbic acid and citric acid in proportion, mixing, and hermetically packaging to obtain the component B;

(3) weighing the pH regulator and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

(4) and weighing sodium chloride, calcium propionate and disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate according to the proportion, adding the sodium chloride, the calcium propionate and the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate into a stirrer, uniformly stirring at normal temperature, pouring out, and hermetically packaging to obtain the component D.

6. The use method of the compound preservative in the feed raw materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) placing the prepared feed raw materials into a polyethylene barrel, sterilizing at low temperature, and cooling to room temperature;

(2) preparing the compound preservative according to any one of claims 1 to 4 to obtain an A component, a B component, a C component and a D component which are packaged independently;

(3) adjusting the pH of the feed ingredient using the C component;

(4) sequentially adding the component A, the component B and the component D into the feed raw material with the adjusted pH value;

(5) and (4) sealing the feed raw materials in the step (4) and storing in a dark place.

7. The use of the compound preservative of claim 6 in feed materials, characterized in that: the feed raw material in the step (1) is fish soluble slurry.

8. The use of the compound preservative of claim 7 in feed materials, characterized in that: the sterilization temperature in the step (1) is 50-60 ℃, and the sterilization time is 30-60 min.

9. The use of the compound preservative of claim 6 in feed materials, characterized in that: the pH value of the feed raw material in the step (3) is controlled to be 3.0-3.5.

10. The use of the compound preservative of claim 6 in feed materials, characterized in that: in the step (4), the addition amount of the component A is 1-3%, the addition amount of the component B is 0.5-2%, and the addition amount of the component D is 3-5% by mass of the feed raw materials.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additive processing and preservation, and particularly relates to a compound preservative and a using method thereof.

Background

The fish dissolving pulp is also called as hydrolyzed fish protein, generally fresh aquatic products are used as raw materials, most of the raw materials are low-value aquatic products or wastes produced in fish processing, and the meat protein is partially or completely hydrolyzed by acid, alkali or enzyme to form a soluble protein product. However, due to the production process of the fish soluble paste, the fish soluble paste has more free amino acids, small peptides, free fatty acids and the like and is easier to be utilized by microorganisms, the fish body contains more unsaturated fatty acids which are unstable under high temperature conditions or illumination conditions and are easy to be oxidized and decomposed into substances such as aldehyde and ketone, the sensory quality is easy to be influenced, and due to the existence of some internal and external enzymes, the putrefaction and deterioration are accelerated, so that the fish soluble paste is easy to putrefactive and deteriorate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that fish soluble paste is extremely easy to decay and deteriorate in the prior art.

To this end, the present invention provides a composite preservative comprising: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; wherein the component A comprises 80-90% of lysozyme and 10-20% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 10-20% of ascorbic acid and 80-90% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% of pH regulator; the component D comprises 50-70% of sodium chloride, 10-20% of calcium propionate and 10-20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

Specifically, the enzyme activity of lysozyme in the component A is 1.0 × 10⁵-2.0×10⁵U/g。

Specifically, the pH regulator in the component C is formic acid.

Specifically, the component A and the component B are independently packaged by adopting a light-resistant material.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound preservative, which comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing lysozyme and antibacterial peptide according to a proportion, mixing the lysozyme and the antibacterial peptide, and then sealing and packaging the mixture to obtain the component A;

(2) weighing ascorbic acid and citric acid in proportion, mixing, and hermetically packaging to obtain the component B;

(3) weighing the pH regulator and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

The invention also provides a use method of the compound preservative in feed raw materials, which comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the prepared feed raw materials into a polyethylene barrel, sterilizing at low temperature for a long time, and cooling to room temperature;

(2) preparing the compound preservative to obtain an independently packaged component A, a component B, a component C and a component D;

(3) adjusting the pH of the feed ingredient using the C component;

(4) sequentially adding the component A, the component B and the component D into the feed raw material with the adjusted PH value;

(5) and (4) sealing the feed raw materials in the step (4) and storing in a dark place.

Specifically, the feed raw material in the step (1) is fish soluble slurry.

Specifically, the sterilization temperature in the step (1) is 50-60 ℃, and the sterilization time is 30-60 min.

Specifically, the pH of the feed raw material in the step (3) is controlled to be 3.0-3.5.

Specifically, in the step (4), the addition amount of the component A is 1-3%, the addition amount of the component B is 0.5-2%, and the addition amount of the component D is 3-5% by mass of the feed raw materials.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

(1) the compound preservative provided by the invention takes safe and harmless biological agents as raw materials, and can play a role in efficiently sterilizing and inhibiting bacteria in feed raw materials by utilizing the synergistic effect of lysozyme, antibacterial peptide and other components, and meanwhile, the compound preservative can not cause harm to the feed; the formic acid as the pH regulator can not only effectively control the acidity of the fish dissolving pulp and inhibit the growth of microorganisms, but also be added into the feed as a feed acidifier; the ascorbic acid serving as an antioxidant can delay the oxidation of lipid in fish soluble paste, can also be used as a supplement of vitamin, and can effectively ensure the antioxidation of the ascorbic acid by the synergistic use of the ascorbic acid and the citric acid;

(2) the preparation and use methods of the compound preservative provided by the invention are simple, the growth of microorganisms can be effectively inhibited, the storage time of fish dissolving pulp is prolonged, the product is safe and convenient to use, more possibilities are provided for production and sale, and the compound preservative has a wide practical application value.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Although representative embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the embodiments, but should be defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

The invention provides a compound preservative, which comprises: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; wherein the component A comprises 80-90% of lysozyme and 10-20% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 10-20% of ascorbic acid and 80-90% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% of pH regulator, preferably formic acid; the component D comprises 50-70% of sodium chloride, 10-20% of calcium propionate and 10-20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate. The above percentages are the mass percentages of the components in each independent packaging component, for example, the component A comprises 80-90% of lysozyme and 10-20% of antibacterial peptide.

Among them, lysozyme is mainly used to dissolve bacteria by breaking the beta-1, 4 glycosidic bond between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine in the cell wall, breaking down the insoluble mucopolysaccharide of the cell wall into soluble glycopeptides, and causing the contents of the broken cell wall to escape. The lysozyme can be directly combined with virus protein with negative charges to form double salt with DNA, RNA and apoprotein, so that the virus is inactivated, and has the effects of resisting bacteria, diminishing inflammation, resisting virus and the like; specifically, the enzyme activity of the lysozyme in the component A is 1.0 multiplied by 10⁵-2.0×10⁵U/g。

The antibacterial peptide is an alkaline polypeptide substance with antibacterial activity, can directly act on almost all kinds of microorganisms to play the antibacterial activity, is a polypeptide substance, and cannot cause harmful influence;

the ascorbic acid as an antioxidant can prevent unsaturated fatty acid in fish dissolving pulp from being oxidized and can be preserved for a longer time; the citric acid can be used as acidity regulator, antioxidant, metal ion chelating agent, etc. to play a certain role in enhancing the action of ascorbic acid and simultaneously has a certain preservative effect.

Formic acid can keep the pH value of the fish soluble paste low, inhibit the growth of microorganisms such as gram-negative bacteria pseudomonas and Shewanella, and can be used as an acidifier component in feed;

when the concentration of the sodium chloride solution is higher, the high osmotic pressure can dehydrate microorganisms to cause cell death;

the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate is a very strong metal ion chelating agent, and part of common metal ions are inhibitors of lysozyme, and the disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate can chelate the metal ions to play a certain protection role on the lysozyme.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the compound preservative, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) weighing lysozyme and antibacterial peptide according to a proportion, mixing the lysozyme and the antibacterial peptide, and then sealing and packaging the mixture to obtain the component A;

(2) weighing ascorbic acid and citric acid in proportion, mixing, and hermetically packaging to obtain the component B;

(3) weighing a PH regulator and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

Specifically, the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D can be packaged and sealed in a centralized manner, wherein the component A and the component B are packaged by adopting a light-proof material.

The invention also provides a use method of the compound preservative in feed raw materials, which comprises the following steps:

(1) placing the prepared feed raw material, such as fish soluble slurry, into a polyethylene barrel, sterilizing at low temperature for a long time, and cooling to room temperature;

wherein the sterilization temperature is 50-60 ℃, and the sterilization time is 30-60 min;

(2) preparing the compound preservative to obtain an independently packaged component A, a component B, a component C and a component D;

(3) adjusting the pH of the feed raw material by using the component C, and controlling the pH of the feed raw material to be 3.0-3.5;

(4) sequentially adding the component A, the component B and the component D into the feed raw material with the adjusted pH value;

specifically, based on the mass of the feed raw materials, the addition amount of the component A is 1-3%, the addition amount of the component B is 0.5-2%, and the addition amount of the component D is 3-5%;

(5) and (4) sealing the feed raw materials in the step (4) and storing in a dark place.

The effects of the composite preservative of the present invention are examined below with reference to specific examples.

Example 1:

the present embodiment provides a compound preservative comprising: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; the component A comprises 80% of lysozyme and 20% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 10% of ascorbic acid and 90% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% solid formic acid; the component D comprises 60% of sodium chloride, 20% of calcium propionate and 20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

The preparation method of the compound preservative comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing 80% of lysozyme and 20% of antibacterial peptide, mixing the lysozyme and the antibacterial peptide, and then sealing and packaging the mixture by using a light-resistant material to obtain the component A; the lysozyme activity is 2.0 multiplied by 10⁵U/g；

(2) Weighing 10% ascorbic acid and 90% citric acid, mixing, and sealing and packaging with a light-resistant material to obtain component B;

(3) weighing 100% solid formic acid and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

(4) and (3) weighing 60% of sodium chloride, 20% of calcium propionate and 20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adding into a stirrer, stirring at normal temperature, stopping stirring and cooling to room temperature if heating occurs during stirring, stirring uniformly, pouring out, sealing and packaging to obtain the component D.

The compound preservative is added into fish dissolving pulp, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) weighing 100g of freshly prepared fish soluble pulp, putting the fish soluble pulp into a polyethylene bottle, sterilizing at low temperature for a long time, and cooling to room temperature; wherein the sterilization temperature is 50 ℃ and the sterilization time is 60 min;

(2) adjusting the pH value of the fish soluble paste by using the component C, and controlling the pH value to be 3.0-3.5;

(3) sequentially adding 1% of the component A, 0.5% of the component B and 3% of the component D into the fish dissolving pulp with the adjusted pH value according to the mass of the fish dissolving pulp;

(4) sealing the fish dissolving pulp added with the compound preservative, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

The fish plasma was periodically monitored for crude fat, crude protein, odor, total number of colonies, volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N), acid value during the placement process, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2:

the present embodiment provides a compound preservative comprising: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; the component A comprises 90% of lysozyme and 10% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 20% of ascorbic acid and 80% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% solid formic acid; the component D comprises 70% of sodium chloride, 10% of calcium propionate and 20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

The preparation method of the compound preservative comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing 90% of lysozyme and 10% of antibacterial peptide, mixing the lysozyme and the antibacterial peptide, and then sealing and packaging the mixture by using a light-resistant material to obtain a component A; the lysozyme activity is 1.0 multiplied by 10⁵U/g；

(2) Weighing 20% ascorbic acid and 80% citric acid, mixing, and sealing and packaging with light-resistant material to obtain component B;

(3) weighing 100% solid formic acid and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

(4) weighing 70% of sodium chloride, 10% of calcium propionate and 20% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adding into a stirrer, stirring at normal temperature, stopping stirring and cooling to room temperature if heating occurs during stirring, stirring uniformly, pouring out, sealing and packaging to obtain the component D.

The compound preservative is added into fish dissolving pulp, and the specific steps are as follows:

(1) weighing 100g of freshly prepared fish soluble pulp, putting the fish soluble pulp into a polyethylene barrel, sterilizing at low temperature for a long time, and cooling to room temperature; wherein the sterilization temperature is 55 ℃, and the sterilization time is 45 min;

(2) adjusting the pH value of the fish soluble paste by using the component C, and controlling the pH value to be 3.0-3.5;

(3) sequentially adding 2% of the component A, 1% of the component B and 4% of the component D into the fish dissolving pulp with the adjusted pH value according to the mass of the fish dissolving pulp;

(4) sealing the fish dissolving pulp added with the compound preservative, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

Example 3:

the present embodiment provides a compound preservative comprising: the component A, the component B, the component C and the component D are independently packaged; the component A comprises 90% of lysozyme and 10% of antibacterial peptide; the component B comprises 10% of ascorbic acid and 90% of citric acid; the component C comprises 100% solid formic acid; the component D comprises 80% of sodium chloride, 10% of calcium propionate and 10% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate.

The preparation method of the compound preservative comprises the following steps:

(2) Weighing 10% ascorbic acid and 90% citric acid, mixing, and sealing and packaging with a light-resistant material to obtain component B;

(3) weighing 100% solid formic acid and sealing and packaging to obtain the component C;

(4) and (3) weighing 80% of sodium chloride, 10% of calcium propionate and 10% of disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate, adding into a stirrer, stirring at normal temperature, stopping stirring and cooling to room temperature if heating occurs during stirring, stirring uniformly, pouring out, sealing and packaging to obtain the component D.

The compound preservative is added into fish dissolving pulp, and the specific steps are as follows:

(2) adjusting the pH value of the fish soluble paste by using the component C, and controlling the pH value to be 3.0-3.5;

(3) according to the mass of the fish dissolving pulp, 3 percent of the component A, 2 percent of the component B and 5 percent of the component D are sequentially added into the fish dissolving pulp with the adjusted pH value;

(4) sealing the fish dissolving pulp added with the compound preservative, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

Example 4:

the same composite preservative as in example 1 was prepared and added to 100g of fish solubles according to the method of example 1, except that the amount of the component a was 2%, the amount of the component B was 1%, and the amount of the component D was 4% by mass of the fish solubles.

Example 5:

the same composite preservative as in example 1 was prepared and added to 100g of fish solubles according to the method of example 1, except that the amount of the component a was 3%, the amount of the component B was 2%, and the amount of the component D was 5% by mass of the fish solubles.

Example 6:

the same composite preservative as in example 1 was prepared and added to 100g of fish solubles according to the method of example 1, except that the amount of the component a added was 4%, the amount of the component B added was 3%, and the amount of the component D added was 6% by mass of the fish solubles.

Comparative example 1:

(2) after sealing, the cells were stored at room temperature (25 ℃) in the dark.

Comparative example 2:

(2) the component A prepared in example 1 was added to the sterilized fish solubles at an addition level of 3% by mass of the fish solubles;

(3) the fish soluble paste added with the component A is sealed and is placed at room temperature (25 ℃) to be protected from light.

Comparative example 3:

(2) the component B prepared in example 1 was added to the sterilized fish solubles at an addition level of 2% by mass of the fish solubles;

(3) sealing the fish soluble paste added with the component B, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

Comparative example 4:

(2) adjusting the pH of the fish solubles using the C-component prepared in example 1, controlling the pH to 3.0-3.5;

(3) sealing the fish soluble paste added with the component C, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

Comparative example 5:

(2) the component D prepared in example 1 was added to the sterilized fish solubles at an addition level of 5% by mass of the fish solubles;

(3) sealing the fish soluble paste added with the component D, and storing at room temperature (25 ℃) in a dark place.

TABLE 1 results of measurement of various indexes of fish soluble slurry in the standing process

As shown in Table 1, compared with comparative example 1 without any preservative agent, comparative examples 2-4 can achieve the preservative effect within a shorter time, but the effect is far from being compared with that of examples 1-6, and the shelf life of the fish soluble paste cannot be prolonged when the components in the compound preservative provided by the invention are used alone. The compound preservatives of the embodiments 1 to 6 have good preservation effect on crude fat and crude protein nutrition indexes, and have good control on quality indexes such as smell, total number of bacterial colonies, TVB-N and acid value, but the effects of the embodiments are different, which shows that the compound preservatives provided by the invention have synergistic effect among the components; in example 6, the control of the quality index was not significantly different from that in examples 1 and 4 to 5, and the storage cost was increased by increasing the addition amount, so the addition amount is preferably 1% to 3% for a pack, 0.5% to 2% for B pack, and 3% to 5% for D pack.

In conclusion, after the compound preservative provided by the invention is adopted, the nutritional indexes of crude protein and crude fat of the fish soluble pulp raw material can be well maintained, the quality indexes such as smell, total bacterial count, TVB-N, acid value and the like can be well inhibited, the growth of microorganisms can be effectively inhibited, the storage time of the fish soluble pulp is prolonged, the product is safe and convenient to use, more possibilities are provided for production and sale, and the compound preservative has wide practical application value.

The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims and any design similar or equivalent to the scope of the invention.

11页详细技术资料下载

Compound preservative and using method thereof

相关技术

网友询问留言