阅读说明：本技术 一种在旋转法三维编织平台上编织异型制品的加工方法 (Processing method for weaving special-shaped product on three-dimensional weaving platform by rotation method ) 是由 孟家光 薛涛 支超 刘艳君 赵澍 程燕婷 张新安 宋瑶 王永臻 林颖蕾 刘亚明 于 2020-11-10 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种在旋转法三维编织平台上编织异型制品的加工方法,利用高性能纤维良好的物化性能,在旋转法三维编织平台上通过采用不同形状的异型模型,结合编织平台上的模块进行组装拼接,编织出变截面、变形状的三维四向、三维五向和三维全五向的异型制品,制备成复合材料,通过比较编织工艺优缺点,进一步优化三维编织机的携纱器、编织底盘、打紧机构、输出机构、卷曲机构和控制系统,使高性能纤维由三维编织平台编织出多种不同形状的承力梁、接头及多种形式的耐烧蚀、具备承力的异型制件应用于航空航天等领域；同时,也为新的编织方法提供了可行性分析,促进新产品的开发和应用,缩短产品的开发周期,提高产品的质量,提高企业的竞争力。(The invention discloses a processing method for weaving special-shaped products on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotary method, which utilizes the good physical and chemical properties of high-performance fibers, adopts special-shaped models with different shapes on the three-dimensional weaving platform by the rotary method, combines modules on the weaving platform to assemble and splice, weaves the special-shaped products with variable cross sections and deformed three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction, prepares composite materials, further optimizes a yarn carrier, a weaving chassis, a tightening mechanism, an output mechanism, a curling mechanism and a control system of a three-dimensional weaving machine by comparing the advantages and the disadvantages of weaving processes, and leads the high-performance fibers to weave various bearing beams with different shapes, joints and various anti-ablation special-shaped products with bearing force from the three-dimensional weaving platform to be applied to the fields of aerospace and the like; meanwhile, feasibility analysis is provided for a new weaving method, development and application of new products are promoted, the development period of the products is shortened, the quality of the products is improved, and the competitiveness of enterprises is improved.)

1. A processing method for weaving special-shaped products on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotating method is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1, selecting yarns;

step 2, determining the number of yarns according to the spliced circular and square platforms;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the anisotropic knitting;

step 4, setting parameters of a knitting machine and knitting;

and 5, curing the braided model by using the pillar type three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement and adopting resin and a curing agent to obtain the special-shaped engineering composite material.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the yarn in step 1 comprises one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber and ultra-strong polyethylene fiber.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the glass, aramid and ultra-strong polyethylene fibers are 3000D/2760F in size, the carbon fibers are T8003K in size, and all fibers have a filament diameter of 6.0 μm.

4. The processing method for weaving the special-shaped product on the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the specific process of determining the number of the yarns in the step 2 is as follows: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, the weaving platform is spliced into a platform capable of weaving circular and square pipe reinforcement bodies, and meanwhile, the weaving number of yarns is determined according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional all five-direction.

5. The processing method for weaving the special-shaped product on the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the claim 1, wherein the specific process of designing the model for realizing the different-type weaving in the step 3 is as follows: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing conical, pillar-shaped and special-shaped circular tube-shaped models by using a foamed plastic material, wherein the length of each special-shaped model is 15-50 cm, and the diameter of each special-shaped model is 5-10 cm.

6. The method for processing the weaving of the special-shaped product on the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the claim 1 is characterized in that the specific process of setting the parameters of the weaving device and the weaving model in the step 4 is as follows: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 10-60 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is 0.1-10 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 70-120 cm, and the braided fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional weaving, in particular to a processing method for weaving special-shaped products on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotating method.

Background

At present, composite materials are classified into wound structure composite materials, laminated structure composite materials and three-dimensional integral structure composite materials according to the structure of a reinforcing material (textile material). The two materials have low interlayer strength, and when the external force exceeds the ultimate strength, the first damaged part always occurs at an interlayer interface, so that the application of the two-dimensional composite material is limited and the two-dimensional composite material can only be used as a secondary structural member which does not bear main load. The latter overcomes the defect of low strength between the former two layers, and can meet the special structural requirements of aerospace and other fields;

the three-dimensional woven composite material is a novel composite material which is rapidly developed in recent years, has outstanding functional and economic advantages, receives high attention from the engineering, material and force industries at home and abroad and is rapidly developed. The three-dimensional braided composite material takes a three-dimensional braided fabric as a framework, and yarns in the braided fabric penetrate in the whole thickness direction, so that the three-dimensional braided composite material has high integrity and does not need sewing and machining. The three-dimensional woven composite material eliminates the interlayer structure of the traditional laminated composite material, and maintains the integrity of the bearing deformation of the composite material member by reinforcing the net structure of the fiber bundle space interweaving. The composite material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, designable performance, easiness in one-step forming of a complex-shaped component and the like, and is particularly suitable for replacing a metal material to meet the requirements of weight reduction and high bearing capacity in the field of aerospace. The three-dimensional multidirectional woven composite material can be used for manufacturing structural members such as airplane wings, machine body frameworks, fairings, bearing beams with different shapes, joints, bearing cylindrical or conical cylindrical parts and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of biomedicine, transportation, sports goods and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a processing method for weaving special-shaped products on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotating method, which can realize special-shaped variable cross-section weaving, simultaneously adopts aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular ultra-strong polyethylene, glass fibers and carbon fibers as raw materials, and adopts a special weaving process, so that the strength of the products can be effectively ensured, the weak nodes of the products are reduced, and the application range of the products is expanded.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the processing method for weaving the special-shaped product on the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform is implemented according to the following steps:

step 1, selecting yarns;

step 2, determining the number of yarns according to the spliced circular and square platforms;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the anisotropic knitting;

step 4, setting parameters of a knitting machine and knitting;

and 5, curing the braided model by using the pillar type three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement and adopting resin and a curing agent to obtain the special-shaped engineering composite material.

The invention is also characterized in that:

wherein the yarns in the step 1 comprise one or more of glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers and ultra-strong polyethylene fibers;

wherein the specification of the glass fiber, the aramid fiber and the ultra-strong polyethylene fiber is 3000D/2760F, the specification of the carbon fiber is T8003K, and the monofilament diameter of all the fibers is 6.0 mu m;

the specific process for determining the number of the yarns in the step 2 comprises the following steps: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform to splice a platform capable of weaving circular and square pipe reinforcement bodies, and meanwhile, according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction, the weaving number of yarns is determined;

the specific process of designing the model for realizing the anisotropic knitting in the step 3 is as follows: manufacturing conical, pillar-shaped and special-shaped circular tube type models by using a foamed plastic material for packaging, wherein the length of the special-shaped model is 15-50 cm, and the diameter of the special-shaped model is 5-10 cm;

the specific process of setting the parameters of the braiding machine and the braiding model in the step 4 is as follows: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 10-60 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is 0.1-10 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 70-120 cm, and the braided fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the processing method for weaving the special-shaped product on the three-dimensional weaving platform by the rotating method combines a plurality of high-performance fibers according to different proportions, assembles and splices the modules on the three-dimensional weaving machine by adopting a model weaving method, thereby weaving the variable-section and deformed fabric, and then performs resin compounding on the variable-section and deformed fabric to develop the composite material product with the variable-section, deformed and high performance so as to meet the requirements of various shapes and various performances of the parts such as airplane wings, body frameworks, fairings in the aerospace field, bearing beams, joints and the like in the traffic field.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a pillar type mold according to example 1 of a method of manufacturing a woven profile on a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing a conical model in the embodiment 2 of the processing method of weaving a shaped product on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a gourd shaped mold of example 3 in a method of manufacturing a shaped article on a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional pyramid set model of example 4 in a process of weaving a profile on a rotational three-dimensional weaving platform according to the invention;

fig. 5 is a diagram of a bullet model in example 5 of a method of processing a woven profile on a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The invention provides a processing method for weaving special-shaped products on a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotating method, which is implemented by the following steps:

step 1, selecting yarns: the yarn comprises one or more of glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid fiber and ultra-strong polyethylene fiber; the specification of the glass fiber, the aramid fiber and the ultra-strong polyethylene fiber is 3000D/2760F, the specification of the carbon fiber is T8003K, and the monofilament diameter of all the fibers is 6.0 mu m;

step 2, determining the number of yarns according to the spliced circular and square platforms:

according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform to splice a platform capable of weaving circular and square pipe reinforcement bodies, and meanwhile, according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction, the weaving number of yarns is determined;

step 3, designing a model for realizing anisotropic knitting:

manufacturing conical, pillar-shaped and special-shaped circular tube models by using a foamed plastic material, wherein the length of the special-shaped model is 15-50 cm, and the diameter of the special-shaped model is 5-10 cm;

step 4, setting parameters of a knitting machine, and knitting:

according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 10-60 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is 0.1-10 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 70-120 cm, and the woven fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven;

and 5, curing the braided model by using the pillar type three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement and adopting resin and a curing agent to obtain the special-shaped engineering composite material.

Example 1

Selecting carbon fibers as a raw material, selecting a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform as a machine, selecting a round module as a weaving module, manufacturing a pillar type foam plastic model, then hanging yarns, hanging the pillar type foam plastic model on the top end of the yarns, adjusting the rotating speed of the platform and the speed of a lifting device, weaving a pillar type three-dimensional woven fabric, then taking the pillar type three-dimensional woven fabric as a reinforcement, and selecting proper resin and curing agent to obtain a pillar type composite material;

step 1, determining the yarn specification: selecting the specification of carbon fiber as T8003K and the diameter of monofilament as 6.0 μm according to the machine knitting requirement of a three-dimensional knitting platform by a rotation method;

step 2, splicing the circular platform, and determining the number of yarns: according to the weaving requirements of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform to splice a circular platform which can be woven, and meanwhile, the weaving number of yarns is determined according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the special-shaped weaving: utilizing common foamed plastic materials in the field to manufacture a pillar-shaped model, wherein the length of the designed special-shaped model is 30cm according to weaving requirements, the small diameter of the designed special-shaped model is 5-8 cm, and the large diameter of the designed special-shaped model is 8-10 cm, as shown in figure 1;

step 4, setting parameters, and knitting: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 20-40 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is set to be 1-5 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 70-100 cm, and meanwhile, every time three knots are woven, the woven fabric is tightened manually, and a pillar type three-dimensional woven fabric is woven;

and 5, manufacturing the special-shaped engineering composite material by taking the pillar type three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement and adopting resin and a curing agent and selecting a proper curing process.

Example 2

Firstly, selecting aramid fiber and ultra-strong polyethylene fiber as raw materials, using the proportion (50/50), selecting a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform as a machine, selecting a round module as a weaving module, manufacturing a conical foam plastic model, then hanging yarns, hanging the conical foam plastic model at the top end of the yarns, adjusting the rotating speed of the platform and the speed of a lifting device, weaving a conical three-dimensional braided fabric, then using the conical three-dimensional braided fabric as a reinforcement, and selecting proper resin and a curing agent to obtain the conical composite material.

Step 1, determining the yarn specification: combining the machine knitting requirements of a three-dimensional knitting platform by a rotary method, and selecting the specification of the aramid fiber and super-strong polyethylene fiber filament bundle as 3000D/2760F;

step 2, splicing the circular platform, and determining the number of yarns: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, carrying out module splicing on the weaving platform to splice a circular platform, and simultaneously determining the weaving number of yarns according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the special-shaped weaving: a cone model is manufactured by utilizing common foamed plastic materials in the field, the length of the designed cone model is 60-80 cm according to weaving requirements, and the diameter of the designed special-shaped model is 7-10 cm, as shown in figure 2.

Step 4, setting parameters, and knitting: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 30-60 r/min, the lifting speed of the lifting device is 5-10 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 80-110 cm, and the woven fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven. Weaving a truncated cone-shaped three-dimensional woven fabric;

and 5, manufacturing the special-shaped engineering composite material by using the frustum-conical three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcing material and adopting resin and a curing agent and selecting a proper curing process.

Example 3

Selecting glass fiber as a raw material, selecting a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform as a machine, selecting a round module as a weaving module, manufacturing a gourd-shaped foam plastic model, then hanging yarns, hanging the gourd-shaped foam plastic model on the top ends of the yarns, adjusting the rotating speed and the lifting speed of the platform, weaving a gourd-shaped three-dimensional braided fabric, taking the gourd-shaped three-dimensional braided fabric as a reinforcement, and selecting proper resin and curing agent to obtain the gourd-shaped composite material.

Step 1, determining the yarn specification: selecting a glass fiber filament bundle with the specification of 3000D/2760F according to the machine weaving requirement of a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform;

step 2, splicing the circular platform, and determining the number of yarns: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform based on a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform, a circular platform is spliced, and meanwhile, the weaving number of yarns is determined according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction.

Step 3, designing a model for realizing the special-shaped weaving: a gourd-shaped model is manufactured by utilizing common foamed plastic materials in the field, the length of the designed gourd-shaped model is 90-110 cm, and the diameter of the designed special-shaped model is 6-10 cm according to weaving requirements, as shown in figure 3.

Step 4, setting parameters, and knitting: according to the weaving process of the three-dimensional weaving platform based on the rotation method, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 10-30 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is set to be 0.1-4 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 100-120 cm, and meanwhile, the woven fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven, so that the calabash-shaped three-dimensional woven fabric is woven.

And 5, manufacturing the special-shaped engineering composite material by using the gourd-shaped three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement and adopting resin and a curing agent and selecting a proper curing process.

Example 4

Firstly, selecting aramid fibers and glass fibers as raw materials (65/35), selecting a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform as a machine, selecting a square module as a weaving module, manufacturing a variable cross-section pyramid suite plastic model, then hanging yarns, hanging the cross-section pyramid suite plastic model at the top end of the yarns, adjusting the rotating speed and the lifting speed of the platform, weaving a three-dimensional braided fabric of the variable cross-section pyramid suite, then taking the three-dimensional braided fabric as a reinforcement, and selecting proper resin and curing agent to obtain the variable cross-section pyramid suite composite material;

step 1, determining the yarn specification: selecting the specification of glass fiber filaments and aramid fiber filament bundles as 2500D/3000F according to the machine weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotating method;

step 2, splicing the square platform, and determining the number of yarns: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform, a square platform is spliced, and meanwhile, the weaving number of yarns is determined according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the special-shaped weaving: manufacturing a variable cross-section pyramid suite model by using a common foamed plastic material in the field, wherein the length of the designed variable cross-section pyramid suite model is 60-90 cm and the length of the designed special-shaped side is 4-9 cm according to weaving requirements, as shown in FIG. 4;

step 4, setting parameters, and knitting: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 20-50 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is set to be 0.5-8 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 80-120 cm, and the three-dimensional weaving fabric of the variable cross-section pyramid suite is woven by tightening a woven fabric manually every time when three knurls are woven;

and 5, taking the three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric of the variable cross-section pyramid suite as a reinforcement, adopting resin and a curing agent, and selecting a proper curing process to manufacture the special-shaped engineering composite material.

Example 5

Firstly, selecting ultra-high molecular super-strong polyethylene fiber and glass fiber as raw materials (40/60), selecting a rotary three-dimensional weaving platform as a machine, selecting a round module as a weaving module, manufacturing a bullet-shaped plastic model, then hanging yarns, hanging the bullet-shaped plastic model at the top end of the yarns, adjusting the rotating speed and the lifting speed of the platform, weaving a bullet-shaped three-dimensional woven fabric, then selecting proper resin and curing agent as a reinforcement, and obtaining the bullet-shaped composite material.

Step 1, determining the yarn specification: combining the machine knitting requirements of a three-dimensional knitting platform by a rotary method, selecting ultra-high molecular super-strong polyethylene fibers and glass fiber filament bundles with the specification of 2500D/3000F;

step 2, splicing the circular platform, and determining the number of yarns: according to the weaving requirement of a three-dimensional weaving platform by a rotation method, module splicing is carried out on the weaving platform, a circular platform is spliced, and meanwhile, the weaving number of yarns is determined according to the weaving process requirements of three-dimensional four-direction, three-dimensional five-direction and three-dimensional full five-direction;

step 3, designing a model for realizing the special-shaped weaving: manufacturing a bullet-shaped model by using a common foamed plastic material in the field, wherein the length of the designed bullet-shaped model is between 90 and 110cm and the diameter of the designed special-shaped model is between 6 and 10cm according to weaving requirements, as shown in figure 5;

step 4, setting parameters, and knitting: according to the weaving process of the rotary three-dimensional weaving platform, the rotating speed of the platform is set to be 10-30 r/min, the lifting speed of a lifting device is set to be 0.1-4 mm/s, the length of yarns in the weaving process is set to be 100-120 cm, and the woven fabric is tightened manually when three knots are woven. Weaving a bullet type three-dimensional woven fabric;

and 5, taking the bullet type three-dimensional special-shaped braided fabric as a reinforcement, adopting resin and a curing agent, and selecting a proper curing process to manufacture the special-shaped engineering composite material.