阅读说明：本技术 一种城市轨道列车用盘式制动闸片 (Disc brake pad for urban rail train ) 是由 房冲 张彪 王林波 谢代义 邹怀森 于 2020-12-11 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种城市轨道列车用盘式制动闸片,包括钢背(1)与多块摩擦粒子(2)；所述的钢背(1)为蝴蝶形对称结构铸造成型,所述的钢背(1)摩擦面一侧分布多个凹槽(11),另一侧非摩擦面一侧与凹槽(11)对应位置设有铆钉槽(12)；沿钢背(1)径向由内到外凹槽(11)数量逐渐增加；每个凹槽(11)中安装一块摩擦粒子(2)；相邻摩擦粒子(2)边缘间距2～5mm；摩擦粒子与钢背的弹性铆接,在使用过程中可以将钢背的损伤降到最低,有利于城市轨道列车用盘式制动闸片钢背的重复利用。(The invention discloses a disc type brake pad for an urban railway train, which comprises a steel backing (1) and a plurality of friction particles (2); the steel back (1) is cast and formed in a butterfly-shaped symmetrical structure, a plurality of grooves (11) are distributed on one side of a friction surface of the steel back (1), and rivet grooves (12) are formed in positions, corresponding to the grooves (11), on one side of a non-friction surface on the other side of the steel back; the number of the grooves (11) is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steel backing (1); each groove (11) is internally provided with a friction particle (2); the edge distance between the adjacent friction particles (2) is 2-5 mm; the friction particles are elastically riveted with the steel backing, so that the damage to the steel backing can be minimized in the using process, and the recycling of the disc brake pad steel backing for the urban railway train is facilitated.)

1. A disc brake pad for an urban railway train is characterized by comprising a steel backing (1) and a plurality of friction particles (2); the steel back (1) is cast and formed in a butterfly-shaped symmetrical structure, a plurality of grooves (11) are distributed on one side of a friction surface of the steel back (1), and rivet grooves (12) are formed in positions, corresponding to the grooves (11), on one side of a non-friction surface on the other side of the steel back; the number of the grooves (11) is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steel backing (1);

a rivet hole (13) penetrating through the other side of the steel backing (1) is formed in the center of the groove (11), and two positioning holes (14) are symmetrically formed in the center of the rivet hole (13);

the friction particles (2) comprise a back plate (21) and a friction material (22); the friction material (22) is sintered on the outer side of the back plate (21), and the friction material (22) and the back plate (21) are sintered into an integral structure; the outer contour of the friction material (22) is not larger than that of the back plate (21);

the friction particles (2) are provided with friction particle center holes (23), and two positioning columns (24) matched with the positioning holes (14) are arranged on the inner side surface of the back plate (21) and are centrosymmetric relative to the friction particle center holes (23);

each groove (11) is internally provided with a friction particle (2); the edge distance between the adjacent friction particles (2) is 2-5 mm;

an elastic gasket (3) is arranged between the friction particles (2) and the bottom of the groove (11), and the friction particles (2) and the steel backing (1) are fixedly riveted through rivets (4); the two positioning columns (24) are positioned in the positioning holes (14) and limit the circumferential swing of the friction particles (2) to be 5-10 degrees; and the back plate (21) is partially or completely sunk into the groove (11).

2. Disc brake pad for urban railway trains according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of said groove (11) is circular, oval or polygonal with a number of sides not less than five, correspondingly, the friction particles (2) are circular, oval or polygonal with a number of sides not less than five.

3. The disc brake pad for urban rail trains according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic pad (3) is made of high temperature resistant stainless steel material and is disc-shaped.

4. Disc brake pad for urban railway trains according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said riveting process:

firstly, a rivet column (42) of a rivet (4) penetrates through a rivet hole (13) of a steel backing (1) along one side of a non-friction surface of the steel backing (1) to the bottom (43) of the rivet to be contacted with the bottom of a rivet groove (12); repeating for a plurality of times until all the rivets (4) are placed in place, and turning over the steel backing (1) to enable the friction surface to face upwards;

secondly, sequentially placing each elastic gasket (3) into a groove (11) on one side of the friction surface, wherein the bottom (33) of each elastic gasket (3) is contacted with the bottom of the groove (11) of the steel back 1; then each friction particle (2) is placed above the elastic gasket (3), the positioning column (24) is arranged in the positioning hole (14), and the friction particles (2) are adjusted to enable the friction particle central hole (23) to be coaxial with the rivet hole (13) and the rivet column (42); the bottom surface of the back plate (21) is contacted with the top (31) of the elastic gasket 3; ensuring that the top (41) of the rivet (4) exceeds the contact surface of the back plate (21) and the friction material (22) by 1.5-2.5 mm;

the top (41) of the riveting rivet (4) is flattened and matched with the back plate (22).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical structures, particularly relates to the technical field of disc braking, and particularly relates to a disc type brake pad for an urban railway train.

Background

Along with the development of economy in China, the speed of the urbanization process is increased remarkably, and the pressure and the demand of the increase of urban population on urban public transport are also increased remarkably. At present, the urban rail transit field mainly comprises transportation means such as subways, light rails, monorail and trams, wherein the transportation volume of the subways is the largest, but the cost is high, so that the urban rail transit is suitable for large-scale and ultra-large-scale cities; the light rail has moderate transportation volume and lower construction cost and maintenance cost, and is suitable for medium-sized cities; the tramcar has the advantages of minimum transportation volume and minimum construction cost, and is suitable for small-sized cities, micro-sized cities and lines with low transportation volume requirements. Comprehensively considering, the light rail will become the preferred scheme for the future medium-sized urban rail transit construction, and the construction scale will also increase year by year.

Along with the increase of the running speed and the load of the train, more and more rail trains adopt disc braking, and the kinetic energy of the train is converted into heat energy to be dissipated by clamping a brake disc and a brake pad to apply braking resistance during braking, so that the deceleration and the stop of the train are realized. The transmission ratio of the brake disc and the wheel reaches more than 5:1 when a part of urban rail trains brake, namely the rotating speed of the brake disc is far higher than the actual running speed of the train and can reach more than 5 times of the angular speed of the wheel, so that the relative linear velocity of the brake pad is high when the brake pad brakes, and the requirement on the brake pad is more severe. At present, a synthetic brake pad friction material used by an urban rail train is a high-molecular composite material, is easy to decompose at high temperature, the use temperature is generally not more than 350 ℃, the heat capacity is low, the heat conduction is poor, and the problems of smoke generation, eccentric wear, abnormal brake disc abrasion and the like are frequently generated in the use process; in addition, the rail transit industry has higher and higher requirements on environmental protection, and high polymer materials used by synthetic materials are easy to decompose, generate pungent odor, pollute the environment and influence the riding experience of passengers. Therefore, the synthetic brake pad is more difficult to meet the use requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a disc type brake pad for an urban railway train, which replaces a synthetic material with a powder metallurgy friction material, optimizes the distribution of friction particles, supports the friction particles through an elastic gasket, can effectively adjust the braking pressure of the friction particles in the braking process, increases the contact area of the friction particles and a brake disc, ensures the uniform stress of the friction particles, increases a heat dissipation channel of the brake pad, reduces and homogenizes the surface temperature of the brake pad and the brake disc, avoids the phenomena of eccentric wear, abnormal wear and the like of the brake pad in the braking process, and has stable braking and long service life. Meanwhile, the friction particles are elastically riveted with the steel backing, so that the damage to the steel backing can be minimized in the using process, and the recycling of the disc brake pad steel backing for the urban railway train is facilitated.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a disc brake pad for an urban railway train comprises a steel backing 1 and a plurality of friction particles 2; the steel back 1 is cast and formed in a butterfly-shaped symmetrical structure, a plurality of grooves 11 are distributed on one side of a friction surface of the steel back 1, and rivet grooves 12 are formed in positions, corresponding to the grooves 11, on one side of a non-friction surface on the other side of the non-friction surface; the number of the grooves 11 is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steel backing 1;

a rivet hole 13 penetrating the other side of the steel backing 1 is formed in the center of the groove 11, and two positioning holes 14 are symmetrically formed in the center of the rivet hole 13;

the friction particles 2 comprise a back plate 21 and a friction material 22; the friction material 22 is sintered on the outer side of the back plate 21, and the friction material 22 and the back plate 21 are sintered into an integral structure; the outer contour of the friction material 22 is not larger than the outer contour of the back plate 21;

the friction particle 2 is provided with a friction particle central hole 23, and two positioning columns 24 matched with the positioning holes 14 are arranged on the inner side surface of the back plate 21 in central symmetry relative to the friction particle central hole 23;

each groove 11 is provided with a friction particle 2; the edge distance between the adjacent friction particles 2 is 2-5 mm;

an elastic gasket 3 is arranged between the friction particles 2 and the bottom of the groove 11, and the friction particles 2 and the steel backing 1 are fixedly riveted through rivets 4; the two positioning columns 24 are positioned in the positioning holes 14 and limit the circumferential swing of the friction particles 2 to be 5-10 degrees; and the back plate 21 is partially or entirely sunk into the recess 11.

The shape of the groove 11 is circular, oval or polygon with no less than five sides, and correspondingly, the friction particles 2 are circular, oval or polygon with no less than five sides.

The elastic gasket 3 is made of high-temperature-resistant stainless steel and is disc-shaped.

The riveting process comprises the following steps:

firstly, a rivet column 42 of a rivet 4 passes through a rivet hole 13 of the steel backing 1 along one side of a non-friction surface of the steel backing 11 until a rivet bottom 43 is contacted with the bottom of a rivet groove 12; repeating the steps for a plurality of times until all the rivets 4 are placed in place, and turning the steel back 1 to enable the friction surface to face upwards;

secondly, sequentially placing each elastic gasket 3 into the groove 11 on one side of the friction surface, and contacting the bottom 33 of each elastic gasket 3 with the bottom of the groove 11 of the steel backing 1; then each friction particle 2 is placed above the elastic gasket 3, the positioning column 24 is arranged in the positioning hole 14, and the friction particles 2 are adjusted to enable the friction particle central hole 23 to be coaxial with the rivet hole 13 and the rivet column 42; the bottom surface of the back plate 21 is contacted with the top 31 of the elastic gasket 3; ensuring that the top part 41 of the rivet 4 exceeds the contact surface of the back plate 21 and the friction material 22 by 1.5-2.5 mm;

the top 41 of the rivet 4 is flattened to fit the back plate 22.

According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the disc type brake pad for the urban railway train, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, is characterized in that a powder metallurgy friction material is used for replacing a synthetic material, the distribution of friction particles is optimized, the friction particles are supported by the elastic pad, the brake pressure of the friction particles in the braking process can be effectively adjusted, the contact area between the friction particles and a brake disc is increased, the uniform stress of the friction particles is ensured, meanwhile, the heat dissipation channel of the brake pad is increased, the surface temperature of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced and homogenized, the phenomena of eccentric wear, abnormal wear and the like of the brake pad in the braking process are avoided, the braking is stable, and the service life is long. Meanwhile, the friction particles are elastically riveted with the steel backing, so that the damage to the steel backing can be minimized in the using process, and the recycling of the disc brake pad steel backing for the urban railway train is facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic front sectional view of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a steel backing of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a steel backing of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a friction particle of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an elastic pad of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a rivet of a disc brake pad for an urban railway train according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 2, a disc brake pad for an urban railway train comprises a steel backing 1, a plurality of friction particles 2, a plurality of elastic pads 3 and rivets 4 for connecting and fixing.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the steel backing 1 is cast and formed in a butterfly-shaped symmetrical structure, and the cast and processed steel backing 1 is simple in process, low in cost, subjected to surface corrosion prevention treatment, reusable after the friction particles 2 are worn to the limit, and capable of increasing economic benefits. A plurality of grooves 11 are distributed on one side of the friction surface of the steel back 1, and rivet grooves 12 are arranged on one side of the other side of the non-friction surface, corresponding to the grooves 11; the number of the grooves 11 is gradually increased from inside to outside along the radial direction of the steel backing 1; as in the example of fig. 1, 4, 5, and 6 are provided in sequence from inside to outside, and other combinations are also possible in specific use, which are all within the scope of the present patent. Meanwhile, the shape of the groove 11 is circular, oval or polygonal with the number of sides not less than five.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a rivet hole 13 penetrating through the other side of the steel backing 1 is formed in the center of the groove 11, and two positioning holes 14 are formed in the center of the rivet hole 13 symmetrically; the positioning hole 14 is a through hole which penetrates through the other side of the steel backing 1, and is convenient to machine and not a through hole.

As shown in fig. 5, the friction particle 2 includes a back plate 21 and a friction material 22; the friction material 22 is sintered on the outer side of the back plate 21, and the friction material 22 and the back plate 21 are sintered into an integral structure; specifically, two process holes 25 are further formed in the back plate 21, and the process holes 25 are centrosymmetric with respect to the friction particle central hole 23. And the positioning function is realized during sintering. The outer contour of the friction material 22 is not larger than the outer contour of the back plate 21; i.e., both have the same cross-section, and the cross-sectional area of the friction material 22 should be no greater than the cross-sectional area of the back plate 21. The friction material 22 is made of sintered powder metallurgy material, and the specific materials and processes are common knowledge and will not be described in detail.

The friction particle 2 is provided with a friction particle center hole 23, and two positioning columns 24 matched with the positioning holes 14 are arranged on the inner side surface of the back plate 21 and are centrosymmetric about the friction particle center hole 23. The positioning column 24 is matched with the positioning hole 14 to ensure that the rivet hole 13 and the friction particle central hole 23 are coaxial, and the friction particle 2 has a swing rotation angle of 5-10 degrees in the axial direction along the axis of the friction particle central hole 23 to ensure effective fit of the friction material 22 and the brake disc; the friction particles 2 correspond to the shape of the grooves 11, and the friction particles 2 are circular, elliptical or polygonal with the number of sides not less than five. That is, the back plate 21 and the friction material 22 have the same shape, and are circular, oval or polygonal with not less than five sides.

When in installation, each groove 11 is provided with one friction particle 2; the edge distance between the adjacent friction particles 2 is 2-5 mm; an elastic gasket 3 is arranged between the friction particles 2 and the bottom of the groove 11, and the friction particles 2 and the steel backing 1 are fixedly riveted through rivets 4; the two positioning columns 24 are positioned in the positioning holes 14 and limit the circumferential swing of the friction particles 2 to be 5-10 degrees; and the back plate 21 is partially or entirely sunk into the recess 11. Increasing the effective wear thickness of the friction material 22 and reducing the tangential forces experienced by the rivet 4.

As shown in fig. 6, the elastic pad 3 is made of a high temperature resistant stainless steel material, specifically, 07Cr17Ni7Al material, and is disc-shaped. The structure of the gasket can be divided into a gasket top 31, a gasket central hole 32 and a gasket bottom 33 which are all round. The elastic pad 3 plays an elastic buffering role between the friction particles 2 and the steel backing 1, the top 31 of the pad is contacted with the back plate 21 of the friction particles 2, and the bottom 33 of the pad is contacted with the groove 11 of the steel backing 1. During braking, the brake pad is adjusted along the thickness direction of the steel backing 1 according to the stress change, so that the impact force of the brake pad and the brake disc during braking is reduced.

As shown in fig. 7, the rivet 4 is of a unitary structure; the structure of the rivet can be divided into three parts, namely a rivet top part 41, a rivet column 42 and a rivet bottom part 43, wherein each part is cylindrical. The rivet bottom 43 is in contact with the rivet groove 12, the rivet column 42 sequentially penetrates through the rivet hole 13 of the steel backing 1, the gasket center hole 32 and the friction particle center hole 23, the contact surface between the back plate 21 and the friction material 22 protrudes by 1.5-2.5 mm when the rivet top 31 is installed, and the rivet top 31 is flattened and matched with the back plate 22 after riveting.

During riveting, firstly, a rivet column 42 of a rivet 4 penetrates through a rivet hole 13 of the steel backing 1 along one side of the non-friction surface of the steel backing 11 until a rivet bottom 43 is contacted with the bottom of a rivet groove 12; repeating the steps for a plurality of times until all the rivets 4 are placed in place, and turning the steel back 1 to enable the friction surface to face upwards; secondly, sequentially placing each elastic gasket 3 into the groove 11 on one side of the friction surface, and contacting the bottom 33 of each elastic gasket 3 with the bottom of the groove 11 of the steel backing 1; then each friction particle 2 is placed above the elastic gasket 3, the positioning column 24 is arranged in the positioning hole 14, and the friction particles 2 are adjusted to enable the friction particle central hole 23 to be coaxial with the rivet hole 13 and the rivet column 42; the bottom surface of the back plate 21 is contacted with the top 31 of the elastic gasket 3; ensuring that the top part 41 of the rivet 4 exceeds the contact surface of the back plate 21 and the friction material 22 by 1.5-2.5 mm; the top 41 of the rivet 4 is flattened to fit the back plate 22. The elastic connection of the steel backing 1, the friction particles 2 and the elastic gasket 3 is realized.

The technical scheme provided by the invention can be seen that the method has the following advantages:

1. the friction particles 2 are connected with the steel backing 1 through the elastic gaskets 3, and the rivets 4 are fastened, so that impact work generated when the brake pad is contacted with the brake disc can be absorbed, and the impact force of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced;

2. the elastic pad 3 supports the friction particles 2, and each friction particle 2 can be adjusted along the thickness direction of the steel backing 1 along with the change of braking pressure during braking, so that the running-in time is shortened, and the contact area between a friction material and a brake disc is increased;

3. the elastic pad 3 can absorb the vibration generated by the brake pad during braking, thereby being beneficial to reducing the noise in the braking process;

4. the friction particles 2 rotate along the center in a proper axial direction, so that the contact balance between the brake pad and the brake disc can be automatically leveled, the uniform contact between the friction material and the brake disc is increased, and the uneven abrasion of the brake pad is reduced;

5. the gaps between the adjacent friction particles 2 are beneficial to the circulation of air, the heat generated by the contact friction between the friction material and the brake disc is dissipated, and the temperature of the brake pad and the brake disc is reduced;

6. the back plate part of the friction particles 2 is sunk into the steel back groove, so that the effective abrasion thickness can be increased, and the tangential force borne by the rivet can be reduced;

7. the friction area of the brake pad is increased by approximate times along the radial direction and the friction radius, so that the same braking energy borne by a unit friction material during braking is ensured, the eccentric wear of the brake pad is reduced, and the service life of the brake pad is prolonged.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.