阅读说明：本技术 一种6系铝合金型材阳极氧化表面处理方法 (6-series aluminum alloy section bar anodic oxidation surface treatment method ) 是由 廖健 姚春明 徐红阳 袁蓬华 韩林志 于 2020-11-18 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种6系铝合金型材阳极氧化表面处理方法,涉及铝合金表面处理技术领域,解决了目前6系铝合金型材进行阳极氧化表面处理时氧化质量较低的技术问题。该6系铝合金型材阳极氧化表面处理方法包括步骤S1铸造、步骤S2表面预处理和步骤S3硫酸阳极氧化。采用本发明能够减少铝型材在阳极氧化表面处理中出现的质量问题,提高铝型材的耐蚀性、表面质量、表面处理性和美观,并赋予其特殊性能,使铝合金型材后续着色效果好,生产效率高,节约成本。(The invention provides an anodic oxidation surface treatment method for 6-series aluminum alloy sections, relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy surface treatment, and solves the technical problem that the oxidation quality is low when the anodic oxidation surface treatment is carried out on the existing 6-series aluminum alloy sections. The 6-series aluminum alloy profile anodizing surface treatment method comprises the steps of S1 casting, S2 surface pretreatment and S3 sulfuric acid anodizing. The invention can reduce the quality problem of the aluminum profile in the anodic oxidation surface treatment, improve the corrosion resistance, the surface quality, the surface treatment property and the appearance of the aluminum profile, endow the aluminum profile with special performance, ensure that the subsequent coloring effect of the aluminum profile is good, the production efficiency is high and the cost is saved.)

1. A6 series aluminum alloy section bar anodic oxidation surface treatment method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

s1 casting

S101, controlling the content of iron and copper in the aluminum alloy components;

s102, carrying out homogenization annealing treatment;

s103, aluminum alloy extrusion is carried out;

s104, quenching the steel plate on line;

s105, carrying out artificial aging treatment, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 200 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;

s2 surface pretreatment

S201, firstly, carrying out sand blasting and line scanning pretreatment on the surface of the aluminum profile;

s202, removing natural oxide films of the aluminum materials and residues of degreased dissolved matrixes through alkaline etching pretreatment;

s203, adding an alkaline etching additive according to the reaction condition, and controlling the alkaline washing temperature to be 55-60 ℃;

s204, neutralizing and brightening the aluminum material;

anodic oxidation of S3 sulfuric acid

S301, preparing an oxidizing solution;

s302, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 20 +/-2 ℃, and adjusting the direct current voltage to 20V;

s303, controlling the oxidation time to be 15-30 min according to the thickness of the oxide film.

2. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S101, the content of iron is controlled to be less than 0.15%, and the content of copper is controlled to be less than 0.05%.

3. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S103, the extrusion process conditions are that the heating temperature of the ingot blank and the mold is 450-500 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 380 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 30-80, the extrusion temperature is 480-520 ℃, the extrusion speed of the split-flow mold is 10-30 m/min, and the extrusion speed of the flat mold is more than 15 m/min.

4. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S104, the quenching initial temperature is 500-540 ℃, the quenching final temperature is below 250 ℃, and the cooling strength is above 38 ℃/h.

5. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alkaline etching bath solution in the step S202 contains Al³⁺/NaOH＜0.35，Al³⁺The content of (b) is 30-80 g/L.

6. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S204, 15% HNO3 is used as the neutralization brightening liquid.

7. The anodic oxidation surface treatment method for the 6-series aluminum alloy section according to claim 1, characterized in that: the condition of the oxidizing solution in the step S301 is H₂SO₄160～200g/L, Al³⁺5～15g/L,Fe³⁺≤3g/L，Cu²⁺≤0.02g/L,Cl≤0.2g/L。

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy surface treatment, in particular to a 6-series aluminum alloy profile anodic oxidation surface treatment method.

Background

In 6 series aluminum alloy series, 6063 is taken as a representative extrusion alloy, the strength is lower than 6061, the extrudability is good, the extrusion alloy can be used as a profile material with a complex section shape, the corrosion resistance and the surface treatment performance are good, the extrusion alloy is commonly used for buildings, guardrails, vehicles, furniture, household appliances, ornaments and the like, in order to improve the surface quality, the attractiveness and the corrosion resistance of aluminum profiles and endow the aluminum profiles with special properties, the 6063 aluminum alloy profiles are often subjected to anodic oxidation surface treatment, but anodic oxidation film is easy to be blurred and turbid and opaque in the production process, the surfaces of the profiles are rough and dark after washing, black stripes and spots appear on the surfaces of the aluminum profiles, the hardness, the wear resistance and the corrosion resistance of film layers are reduced, and the product quality is unqualified.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a 6-series aluminum alloy section bar anodic oxidation surface treatment method, which is characterized in that the iron content in the aluminum alloy is controlled to be less than 0.15 percent, the copper content is controlled to be less than 0.05 percent, the aluminum alloy is prevented from being easily over-corroded to cause black stripes, spots and pollution tank liquor to appear on the surface of the anodized aluminum material, step S202 can remove the aluminum alloy natural oxide film, degrease and dissolve residues of a matrix, grease deep into the surface layer of the matrix, a metamorphic alloy layer, mold marks and scratches, and is favorable for the smooth proceeding of oxidation coloring, and step S203 can inhibit Al (OH)₃The generation of the precipitate improves the stability of the bath solution, is beneficial to improving the surface treatment effect, and adopts 15 percent of HNO in the step S204₃As the neutralization brightening solution, the defect that snowflake spots cannot be eliminated when only dilute sulfuric acid is adopted for brightening can be overcome, the brightening effect is good, the quality problem of the aluminum profile in the anodic oxidation surface treatment can be reduced, the surface quality and the attractiveness of the aluminum profile are improved, and the aluminum profile is endowed with special performance. Solves the technical problem of lower oxidation quality when the prior 6-series aluminum alloy section is subjected to anodic oxidation surface treatment. The invention providesThe technical effects that can be produced by the preferred technical solution of the various technical solutions are described in detail below.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

an anodic oxidation surface treatment method for 6 series aluminum alloy section comprises the following steps:

s1 casting

S101, controlling the content of iron and copper in the aluminum alloy components;

s102, carrying out homogenization annealing treatment;

s103, aluminum alloy extrusion is carried out;

s104, quenching the steel plate on line;

s105, carrying out artificial aging treatment, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 200 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;

s2 surface pretreatment

S201, firstly, carrying out sand blasting and line scanning pretreatment on the surface of the aluminum profile;

s202, carrying out alkaline etching pretreatment on the copper alloy;

s203, adding an alkaline etching additive according to the reaction condition, and controlling the alkaline washing temperature to be 55-60 ℃;

s204, neutralizing and brightening the aluminum material;

anodic oxidation of S3 sulfuric acid

S301, preparing an oxidizing solution;

s302, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 20 +/-2 ℃, and adjusting the direct current voltage to 20V;

s303, controlling the oxidation time to be 15-30 min according to the thickness of the oxide film.

Optionally or preferably, in step S101, the content of iron is controlled to be less than 0.15%, and the content of copper is controlled to be less than 0.05%.

Optionally or preferably, in the step S103, the extrusion process conditions include that the heating temperature of the ingot blank and the mold is 450-500 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 380 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 30-80, the extrusion temperature is 480-520 ℃, the extrusion speed of the split die is 10-30 m/min, and the extrusion speed of the flat die is greater than 15 m/min.

Optionally or preferably, in the step S104, the quenching initial temperature is 500-540 ℃, the quenching final temperature is below 250 ℃, and the cooling strength is above 38 ℃/h.

Optionally or preferably, the component of the alkaline etching solution in step S202 is Al³⁺/NaOH＜0.35，Al³⁺The content of (b) is 30-80 g/L.

Optionally or preferably, in the step S204, 15% HNO3 is used as the neutralization brightening liquid.

Optionally or preferably, the condition of the oxidizing solution in the step S301 is H₂SO₄160～200g/L, Al³⁺5～15g/L,Fe³⁺≤3g/L，Cu²⁺≤0.02g/L,Cl≤0.2g/L。

Based on the technical scheme, the following technical effects can be generated:

the invention provides an anodic oxidation surface treatment method for 6-series aluminum alloy section. According to the invention, the iron content in the aluminum alloy is controlled to be below 0.15%, the copper content is controlled to be below 0.05%, the aluminum alloy is prevented from being over-corroded easily to cause black stripes, spots and pollution tank liquor on the surface of the anodized aluminum material, the step S202 can remove the aluminum alloy natural oxide film, residues of degreased and dissolved matrix, grease deep into the surface layer of the matrix, the metamorphic alloy layer, mold mark and scratch, and is beneficial to smooth oxidation and coloring, and the step S203 can inhibit Al (OH)₃The generation of the precipitate improves the stability of the bath solution, is beneficial to improving the surface treatment effect, and adopts 15 percent of HNO in the step S204₃As the neutralization brightening solution, the defect that snowflake spots cannot be eliminated when only dilute sulfuric acid is adopted for brightening can be overcome, the brightening effect is good, the quality problem of the aluminum profile in the anodic oxidation surface treatment can be reduced, the surface quality and the attractiveness of the aluminum profile are improved, and the aluminum profile is endowed with special performance. Solves the technical problem of lower oxidation quality when the prior 6-series aluminum alloy section is subjected to anodic oxidation surface treatment.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention is further described below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.

The invention provides a 6 series aluminum alloy section bar anodic oxidation surface treatment method, which comprises the following steps:

s1 casting

S101, controlling the content of iron and copper in the aluminum alloy components;

s102, carrying out homogenization annealing treatment;

s103, aluminum alloy extrusion is carried out;

s104, quenching the steel plate on line;

s105, carrying out artificial aging treatment, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 200 +/-5 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h;

s2 surface pretreatment

S201, firstly, carrying out sand blasting and line scanning pretreatment on the surface of the aluminum profile;

s202, carrying out alkaline etching pretreatment on the copper alloy;

s203, adding an alkaline etching additive according to the reaction condition, and controlling the alkaline washing temperature to be 55-60 ℃;

s204, neutralizing and brightening the aluminum material;

anodic oxidation of S3 sulfuric acid

S301, preparing an oxidizing solution;

s302, adjusting the temperature of the solution to 20 +/-2 ℃, and adjusting the direct current voltage to 20V;

s303, controlling the oxidation time to be 15-30 min according to the thickness of the oxide film.

In an optional embodiment, in step S101, the content of iron is controlled to be less than 0.15%, and the content of copper is controlled to be less than 0.05%.

In an optional embodiment, in the step S103, the extrusion process conditions include that the heating temperature of the ingot blank and the mold is 450 to 500 ℃, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is 380 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 30 to 80, the extrusion temperature is 480 to 520 ℃, the extrusion speed of the split die is 10 to 30m/min, and the extrusion speed of the flat die is greater than 15 m/min.

In an alternative embodiment, the quenching initial temperature in step S104 is 500 to 540 ℃, the quenching final temperature is 250 ℃ or lower, and the cooling strength is 38 ℃/h or higher.

In an alternative embodiment, the alkaline etching solution in step S202 contains Al as a component³⁺/NaOH＜0.35，Al³⁺The content of (b) is 30-80 g/L.

As an optional implementation manner, in the step S204, 15% HNO3 is used as the neutralization brightening liquid.

In an alternative embodiment, the condition of the oxidizing solution in step S301 is H₂SO₄160～200g/L, Al³⁺5～15g/L,Fe³⁺≤3g/L，Cu²⁺≤0.02g/L,Cl≤0.2g/L。

As an optional implementation manner, in the step S101, the content of iron is controlled to be less than 0.15%, and the content of copper is controlled to be less than 0.05%, so that the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy is prevented from being reduced due to high content of iron and copper, and thus the gloss of an oxide film of the aluminum alloy is reduced due to over-corrosion or the aluminum alloy is in silvery white metallic gloss, so that black stripes or spots are easily formed on the surface of the anodized aluminum material, and the alkaline etching bath solution is quickly polluted, thereby affecting the normal operation of production.

As an alternative embodiment, the alkaline etching of the aluminum alloy in step S202 can remove natural oxide film, degrease and dissolve residues of the matrix, dirt such as grease penetrating into the surface layer of the matrix, and a modified alloy layer on the surface of the profile, eliminate die marks and light scratches, and facilitate smooth proceeding of subsequent oxidation coloring.

In an alternative embodiment, the alkaline etching additive is added in step S203 to increase Al soluble in the bath solution³⁺The content of (b) improves the stability of the bath solution, and is beneficial to obtaining the required surface treatment effect.

As an optional implementation manner, in step S203, the alkaline etching additive is added appropriately according to the reaction condition, so as to avoid uneven gloss caused by excessive reaction of the etching solution on the surface of the aluminum profile, and even cause the conditions of rough and dark surface.