阅读说明：本技术 一种富硒蛹虫草压片糖果及其制备方法 (Selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy and preparation method thereof ) 是由 焦春伟 何春艳 马晓伟 谢意珍 李舜贤 于 2020-07-31 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种富硒蛹虫草压片糖果及其制备方法,包含以下重量份数的组分制成：富硒蛹虫草粉20-55份,微晶纤维素10-30份,麦芽糊精10-20份,聚葡萄糖10-15份,硬脂酸镁1-3份,包衣剂1-3份。本发明的有益效果：采用多糖功能化纳米硒作为培养基硒源,使多糖功能化纳米硒转化成有机硒。富硒蛹虫草有机硒含量高,富硒蛹虫草中有机硒占总硒含量的90％以上,其中硒代胱氨酸占比远高于行业其他富硒产品。本发明采用富硒蛹虫草作为硒元素载体,有利于发挥蛹虫草和硒元素的抗肿瘤及协调抗肿瘤作用,经肿瘤小鼠动物模型实验验证具有抗肿瘤的功效。本发明采用复合填充剂,明显降低混合粉的吸湿性,改善粉体可压性及流动性。(The invention relates to a selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-55 parts of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder, 10-30 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 10-20 parts of maltodextrin, 10-15 parts of polydextrose, 1-3 parts of magnesium stearate and 1-3 parts of coating agent. The invention has the beneficial effects that: polysaccharide functionalized nano-selenium is used as a selenium source of a culture medium, so that the polysaccharide functionalized nano-selenium is converted into organic selenium. The selenium-rich Cordyceps militaris has high organic selenium content, and the organic selenium in the selenium-rich Cordyceps militaris accounts for more than 90% of the total selenium content, wherein the ratio of selenocysteine is far higher than that of other selenium-rich products in the industry. The invention adopts the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris as a selenium element carrier, is beneficial to playing the anti-tumor and coordinated anti-tumor effects of the cordyceps militaris and the selenium element, and has the anti-tumor effect through the experimental verification of an animal model of a tumor mouse. The invention adopts the composite filler, obviously reduces the hygroscopicity of the mixed powder, and improves the compressibility and fluidity of the powder.)

1. The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 20-55 parts of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder, 10-30 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 10-20 parts of maltodextrin, 10-15 parts of polydextrose, 1-3 parts of magnesium stearate and 1-3 parts of coating agent.

2. The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder is prepared by: oven drying selenium-rich Cordyceps militaris fruiting body at 55-65 deg.C for 1-4 hr with water content controlled at 2-10%, pulverizing, sieving, and sieving with 10-100 mesh sieve.

3. The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris comprises:

(1) preparing bacterial liquid: selecting cordyceps militaris strains with the fungus ball diameter of 2-3 mm, and preparing a bacterial liquid;

(2) preparing nano selenium mixed bacterial liquid: sterilizing nano-selenium to prepare a nano-selenium solution, sterilizing again, adding cordyceps militaris bacterial liquid, and shaking up to obtain nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid;

(3) preparing a culture medium and inoculating: preparing a culture medium by adopting rice and a nutrient solution, inoculating a nano-selenium mixed bacterial solution into the culture medium after sterilization treatment, and culturing in a culture chamber;

(4) culturing and managing: hyphae are fully distributed on the whole material surface and deeply pricked to the bottom, the growth and culture stage of the sporocarp can be carried out, orange pigment is formed on the surface or the periphery of a culture material after the hyphae are exposed to light, rice-shaped orange buds appear, the buds are stretched to form the sporocarp, the sporocarp is grown and cultured for about 50 days, and the harvesting stage can be carried out when the sporocarp grows to 7-9 cm and the sporangium is not expanded or matured;

(5) harvesting and drying: the method comprises picking the fruiting body from the base of the stroma or cutting with a knife, oven drying at 45-55 deg.C until the water content is less than 10%, sealing the dried fruiting body with film bag, and storing in a low temperature warehouse to prevent mildew and deterioration, and prevent breakage and direct sunlight.

4. The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation method of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris comprises:

(1) preparing bacterial liquid: selecting cordyceps militaris strains with the fungus ball diameter of 2-3 mm, and preparing a bacterial liquid;

(2) preparing nano selenium mixed bacterial liquid: sterilizing nano-selenium, adding 10-30g of nano-selenium into 5L of sterile water to prepare nano-selenium solution, sterilizing again, adding 50-200ml of cordyceps militaris bacterial liquid, and shaking up to obtain nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid;

(3) preparing a culture medium and inoculating: preparing culture medium by using 50-70g of rice and 70ml of nutrient solution, sterilizing, inoculating the nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid into the culture medium, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ in a dark place for 3-6 days;

(4) culturing and managing: hyphae are fully distributed on the whole material surface and deeply pricked to the bottom, the growth and culture stage of the sporocarp can be carried out, orange pigment is formed on the surface or the periphery of a culture material after the hyphae are exposed to light, rice-shaped orange buds appear, the buds are stretched to form the sporocarp, the sporocarp is grown and cultured for about 50 days, and the harvesting stage can be carried out when the sporocarp grows to 7-9 cm and the sporangium is not expanded or matured;

(5) harvesting and drying: picking and cutting the fruiting body from the base of the stroma or cutting the fruiting body with a knife during collection, drying the fruiting body at 45-55 ℃, discharging the fruiting body with the water content of less than 10%, sealing the dried fruiting body with a film bag, and storing the sealed fruiting body in a low-temperature warehouse to prevent mildew and deterioration and avoid breakage and direct sunlight;

(6) and (3) detection: and detecting the content of total selenium, form selenium, adenosine, cordycepic acid and the like in the dried selenium-rich cordyceps militaris sporocarp according to the quality requirement, and using the detected selenium-rich cordyceps militaris sporocarp as a raw material after the detection is qualified.

5. A method for preparing the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) premixing: weighing magnesium stearate in a formula amount, adding microcrystalline cellulose according to an equivalent incremental method, adding for 2-4 times, mixing for 5-10 minutes each time, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix;

(2) and (3) total mixing: uniformly mixing the premix with the rest microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, polydextrose and selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder to obtain a mixture before tabletting;

(3) tabletting to obtain plain tablets;

(4) coating: the coating agent is dissolved by adding water to be evenly prepared into 8-10% of coating liquid, the plain tablets are coated, the weight increment range of the coating is controlled to be 1-3%, coated tablets are obtained, and the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy is obtained after drying.

6. The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy prepared by the preparation method of claim 5.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a food, in particular to a selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Cordyceps militaris (Cordyceps militaris) also known as Cordyceps militaris, and Cordyceps militaris can be parasitized on pupa of insects of Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, etc., and belongs to genus Cordyceps in phylum Eumycota, subphylum Ascomycotina, class Sclerotia, order Sphaerotheca, Clavicipitaceae, etc. The effect of cordyceps militaris on tumor treatment has been confirmed by a number of studies: the Jagger research in 1961 finds that cordycepin in Cordyceps militaris can prolong the survival time of S180 tumor-bearing mice, and has a certain inhibition effect on tumor growth. Sunkokeng and the like take S180 tumor-bearing mice as research objects, and the finding shows that after cordyceps militaris sporocarp is continuously perfused into the S180 tumor-bearing mice, the growth of tumor mass is obviously inhibited (p is less than 0.01), and the survival time is also obviously prolonged. Research on Guo Yazhuang and Yang penguing shows that the effective rate of treatment of various cancers is 73.5% after treatment by cordyceps militaris.

Selenium is a necessary trace element of human body and is known as 'king of cancer resistance' and 'long life element'. Selenium mainly exists in the form of selenoprotein in human body, and plays a role through selenoprotein, wherein some important enzymes are included, such as glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), thioredoxin reductase (Trx R) and the like. Supplementing selenium in appropriate amount can enhance immunity, has positive significance for normal work of organs such as heart, liver and lung, and can also prevent liver disease, cancer and senile cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Selenium exists in nature as selenium compound, and the results of a great deal of research prove that the selenium compound plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of tumors. Selenium compounds mainly exist in two forms, inorganic selenium compounds and organic selenium compounds. Inorganic selenium compounds, also called first-generation selenium fortifiers, such as sodium selenite and sodium selenate, were originally found to have good anticancer activity, but as research progresses, disadvantages of inorganic selenium compounds have been gradually developed, for example, inorganic selenium compounds have been found to have disadvantages of cumulative toxicity, mutagenic effect, difficulty in dose control, generation of genetic toxicity, etc., and inorganic selenium compounds have poor biocompatibility and are difficult to enter cells to exert effects. Compared with inorganic selenium compounds, the organic selenium compounds have the characteristics of easy absorption, high activity, relatively low toxicity and the like. Selenocysteine and selenomethionine are two kinds of selenium-containing amino acid, belong to organic selenium compounds, can be actively absorbed by organisms by utilizing the transport mechanism of amino acid and polypeptide in vivo, and have high bioavailability. In recent years, the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of selenomethionine and selenocysteine become a research hotspot.

The selenium-rich cordyceps militaris refers to selenium-enriched cordyceps militaris, and has better antitumor and coordinated antitumor activities compared with common cordyceps militaris. Researches such as Chenjinlin and the like find that 30 cases of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris products are administered to malignant tumor patients, and after the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris products are continuously taken for 2 months, the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris products can inhibit part of tumor growth, resist the toxicity of chemoradiotherapy medicines and improve the survival quality of the patients. The singing and the like adopt the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris extract to observe the in-vivo tumor inhibition effect and the influence on the immune function of the tumor-bearing mice, and as a result, the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris extract has a remarkable tumor inhibition effect on the tumor-bearing mice, the tumor inhibition rate is up to 46.92%, the immune function of the tumor-bearing mice is improved, the reduction of the liver coefficient and the spleen coefficient of the tumor-bearing mice caused by cyclophosphamide is inhibited, and the oxidation resistance of organisms is enhanced. In addition, the selenium form in the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is mainly organic selenium-selenocysteine and selenomethionine, so that the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is more beneficial to the absorption and utilization of organisms.

Therefore, the development of the function or the health food by utilizing the anti-tumor effect of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris has wide prospect.

Disclosure of Invention

On the basis, the invention provides the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy and the preparation method thereof, and on one hand, the tablet candy adopts the composite filler, so that not only is the powder compressibility and flowability improved, but also the tablet hardness is improved; magnesium stearate is selected as a lubricant to improve the surface smoothness and the aesthetic degree, and further improve the fluidity of the formula mixed powder; on the other hand, the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is cultivated independently, so that the content of organic selenium is greatly increased compared with the prior art, the antitumor and coordinated antitumor effects of the cordyceps militaris and selenium element are also favorably exerted, and the bioavailability is greatly improved.

The invention achieves the above purposes through the following scheme:

the invention provides a selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy which adopts cordyceps militaris cultured by selenium enrichment as a main raw material, greatly enhances the content of organic selenium in a product except for keeping the functional components of the cordyceps militaris, is prepared into a tablet candy by a scientific proportion, further enhances the effect on the basis of having the special flavor of natural cordyceps militaris, can be eaten as common food, and has a beneficial effect on tumor patients or people who have the need of preventing tumor diseases.

In a first aspect, the invention provides selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20-55 parts of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder, 10-30 parts of microcrystalline cellulose, 10-20 parts of maltodextrin, 10-15 parts of polydextrose, 1-3 parts of magnesium stearate and 1-3 parts of coating agent.

Preferably, the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder is prepared by the following steps: oven drying selenium-rich Cordyceps militaris fruiting body at 55-65 deg.C for 1-4 hr with water content of 2-10%, pulverizing, sieving with 20-100 mesh sieve.

The coating agent can be used for food tabletting candy, preferably compound coating agent of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and pullulan.

The tabletting candy is composed of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris and preparation auxiliary materials, wherein the added auxiliary materials are microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, polydextrose and magnesium stearate, and tests prove that the microcrystalline cellulose, the polydextrose and the maltodextrin are used as composite fillers, so that the hygroscopicity of mixed powder can be obviously reduced, and the compressibility and flowability of powder are improved. In addition, because the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is adopted in the tablet candy, the fiber content of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is high, the hardness of tablets is insufficient when the tablet candy is manufactured, the hardness is obviously improved after the polydextrose is added, and the composite filler consisting of the three auxiliary materials is more suitable for the tablet candy.

In the field of preparation, common lubricants comprise silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, talcum powder and the like, and after the inventor examines the influence of various lubricants on the tablet candy after adding, the inventor finds that after adding the magnesium stearate, the tablet has smooth and attractive surface and better effect of further improving the fluidity of formula mixed powder, so that the magnesium stearate is more suitable for the tablet candy of the invention as the lubricant.

On the basis, the invention also adopts the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris which is cultured autonomously, and the culture method of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing bacterial liquid: selecting cordyceps militaris strains with the fungus ball diameter of 2-3 mm, and preparing a bacterial liquid;

(2) preparing nano selenium mixed bacterial liquid: sterilizing nano-selenium to prepare a nano-selenium solution, sterilizing again, adding cordyceps militaris bacterial liquid, and shaking up to obtain nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid;

(3) preparing a culture medium and inoculating: preparing a culture medium by adopting rice and a nutrient solution, inoculating a nano-selenium mixed bacterial solution into the culture medium after sterilization treatment, and culturing in a culture chamber;

(4) culturing and managing: hyphae are fully distributed on the whole material surface and deeply pricked to the bottom, the growth and culture stage of the sporocarp can be carried out, orange pigment is formed on the surface or the periphery of a culture material after the hyphae are exposed to light, rice-shaped orange buds appear, the buds are stretched to form the sporocarp, the sporocarp is grown and cultured for about 50 days, and the harvesting stage can be carried out when the sporocarp grows to 7-9 cm and the sporangium is not expanded or matured;

(5) harvesting and drying: the method comprises picking the fruiting body from the base of the stroma or cutting with a knife, oven drying at 45-55 deg.C until the water content is less than 10%, sealing the dried fruiting body with film bag, and storing in a low temperature warehouse to prevent mildew and deterioration, and prevent breakage and direct sunlight.

In a preferred embodiment, the method for culturing selenium-rich cordyceps militaris comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing bacterial liquid: selecting cordyceps militaris strains with the fungus ball diameter of 2-3 mm, and preparing a bacterial liquid;

(2) preparing nano selenium mixed bacterial liquid: sterilizing nano-selenium, adding 10-30g of nano-selenium into 5L of sterile water to prepare nano-selenium solution, sterilizing again, adding 50-200ml of cordyceps militaris bacterial liquid, and shaking up to obtain nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid;

(3) preparing a culture medium and inoculating: preparing culture medium by using 50-70g of rice and 70ml of nutrient solution, sterilizing, inoculating the nano-selenium mixed bacterial liquid into the culture medium, and culturing in a culture room at the temperature of 20-35 ℃ in a dark place for 3-6 days;

(4) culturing and managing: hyphae are fully distributed on the whole material surface and deeply pricked to the bottom, the growth and culture stage of the sporocarp can be carried out, orange pigment is formed on the surface or the periphery of a culture material after the hyphae are exposed to light, rice-shaped orange buds appear, the buds are stretched to form the sporocarp, the sporocarp is grown and cultured for about 50 days, and the harvesting stage can be carried out when the sporocarp grows to 7-9 cm and the sporangium is not expanded or matured;

(5) harvesting and drying: picking and cutting the fruiting body from the base of the stroma or cutting the fruiting body with a knife during collection, drying the fruiting body at 45-55 ℃, discharging the fruiting body with the water content of less than 10%, sealing the dried fruiting body with a film bag, and storing the sealed fruiting body in a low-temperature warehouse to prevent mildew and deterioration and avoid breakage and direct sunlight;

(6) and (3) detection: and detecting the content of total selenium, form selenium, adenosine, cordycepic acid and the like in the dried selenium-rich cordyceps militaris sporocarp according to the quality requirement, and using the detected selenium-rich cordyceps militaris sporocarp as a raw material after the detection is qualified.

The organic selenium in the selenium-enriched cordyceps militaris cultured autonomously accounts for more than 90% of the total selenium content, wherein the selenocysteine accounts for about 10%, which is far higher than other selenium-enriched products in the industry (for example, the selenocysteine in selenium-enriched yeast accounts for about 5% of the total selenium content). The invention adopts the nano-selenium with high conversion function as the selenium source of the culture medium, so that the polysaccharide functionalized nano-selenium is converted into organic selenium in the growth process of the cordyceps militaris, and the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is selected to be beneficial to exerting the anti-tumor and coordination anti-tumor effects of cordyceps militaris and selenium element, and the bioavailability is greatly improved.

In a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy, which comprises the following steps:

(1) premixing: weighing magnesium stearate in a formula amount, adding microcrystalline cellulose according to an equivalent incremental method, adding for 2-4 times, mixing for 5-10 minutes each time, and uniformly mixing to obtain a premix;

(2) and (3) total mixing: uniformly mixing the premix with the rest microcrystalline cellulose, maltodextrin, polydextrose and selenium-rich cordyceps militaris powder to obtain a mixture before tabletting;

(3) tabletting to obtain plain tablets;

(4) coating: the coating agent is dissolved by adding water to be evenly prepared into 8-10% of coating liquid, the plain tablets are coated, the weight increment range of the coating is controlled to be 1-3%, coated tablets are obtained, and the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy is obtained after drying.

The third aspect provides the selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy prepared by the preparation method.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the raw material selenium-rich cordyceps militaris is cultivated autonomously, the source is controllable, the source of selenium is safe, cordyceps militaris strains with strong selenium-rich capability are screened, polysaccharide functionalized nano-selenium with high safety and high conversion rate is used as a culture medium selenium source, and the polysaccharide functionalized nano-selenium is converted into organic selenium in the growth process of cordyceps militaris by a modern biological cultivation technology.

(2) The selenium-enriched cordyceps militaris cultured by the invention has high organic selenium content, the organic selenium in the selenium-enriched cordyceps militaris accounts for more than 90% of the total selenium content, wherein selenocysteine accounts for about 10%, which is far higher than other selenium-enriched products in the industry (selenocysteine accounts for about 5% of the total selenium content in selenium-enriched yeast) (3).

(4) The invention adopts the composite filler, obviously reduces the hygroscopicity of the mixed powder, improves the compressibility and fluidity of the powder, has moderate hardness and does not have powder feeling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of experiment example 1 showing the effect of selenium-enriched Cordyceps militaris tablet candy on the size of mouse tumor.

FIG. 2 is a result graph of the effect of selenium-rich cordyceps militaris tablet candy on mouse tumor weight in test example 2.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.