阅读说明：本技术 一种铝合金汽车轮毂液态模锻成型工艺 (Liquid die forging forming process for aluminum alloy automobile hub ) 是由 刘皓 郭帅军 刘姗姗 于 2020-07-09 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种铝合金汽车轮毂液态模锻成型工艺,具体包括如下步骤：S1、称量、配制铝合金原料；S2、将铝合金原料放入熔炼炉中,熔融成液态,熔化温度为850-950℃；S3、将步骤S2所得液态金属以高效精炼剂进行炉内除气、除渣,使液态金属清洁无杂；S4、准备轮毂模具,并进行预热,预热温度为280-320℃；本发明通过改进铝合金轮毂中合金组分的配比,并采用液态模锻工艺,使得铝合金的金相结构得到改善,极大地消除了产品中的缩孔、疏松、气孔、裂纹等缺陷,提高了轮毂的力学性能,且整体工艺流程简单,生产成本低,提高了市场竞争力。(The invention discloses a liquid die forging forming process for an aluminum alloy automobile hub, which specifically comprises the following steps: s1, weighing and preparing an aluminum alloy raw material; s2, putting the aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, and smelting the aluminum alloy raw material into a liquid state at the smelting temperature of 850-; s3, carrying out furnace degassing and deslagging on the liquid metal obtained in the step S2 by using an efficient refining agent, so that the liquid metal is clean and free of impurities; s4, preparing a hub die, and preheating at the temperature of 280-320 ℃; according to the invention, by improving the proportion of alloy components in the aluminum alloy hub and adopting the liquid die forging process, the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy is improved, the defects of shrinkage cavities, looseness, air holes, cracks and the like in the product are greatly eliminated, the mechanical property of the hub is improved, the whole process flow is simple, the production cost is low, and the market competitiveness is improved.)

1. A liquid die forging forming process for aluminum alloy automobile hubs is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s1, weighing and preparing an aluminum alloy raw material;

s2, putting the aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, and smelting the aluminum alloy raw material into a liquid state at the smelting temperature of 850-;

s3, carrying out furnace degassing and deslagging on the liquid metal obtained in the step S2 by using an efficient refining agent, so that the liquid metal is clean and free of impurities;

s4, preparing a hub die, and preheating at the temperature of 280-320 ℃;

s5, pouring the liquid metal into the hub mold, wherein the pouring temperature is 710-730 ℃, and the single blank is accurately and quantitatively poured;

s6, performing pressure forming on the liquid metal through a hydraulic press;

s7, opening the die, wherein the lower die ejector rod of the die ejects a workpiece upwards, the upper die moves upwards along with the press slide block at the same speed as the lower die ejector rod, and the tearing force of the upper die and the lower die on the product is eliminated;

s8, taking the workpiece out of the die, air-cooling for 30-50S, and then performing machining processes such as trimming, polishing and the like;

s9, carrying out heat treatment on the formed aluminum alloy hub;

and S10, inspecting, packaging and warehousing.

2. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy raw material in the step S1 specifically comprises the following components: 200-400 weight portions of Al, 50-70 weight portions of Si, 0.5-1.5 weight portions of Cu, 1-5 weight portions of Mn, 1-3 weight portions of Zn, 0.3-0.7 weight portions of Mg and 0.1-0.5 weight portions of Fe.

3. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub according to claim 1, wherein the pressure forming in the step S6 specifically comprises the following steps:

A. mold closing, mold filling and pressurizing;

B. and (5) pressure maintaining die forging.

4. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mold closing and filling pressurization time in the step A is 20-30s, and the pressure is changed from the moment when the upper mold punch just contacts the melt surface in the lower mold until 180bar is obtained and the speed is 1-3 mm/s.

5. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub according to claim 4, wherein the specific steps in the step B are as follows: gradually reducing the pressure to 0 at a pressurizing speed of 0.1-0.3mm/s, and cooling at a pressure of 200-220bar for a cooling time of 120-140s after reaching the pressure maintaining pressure and delaying for 10-30 s.

6. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment in the step S9 specifically comprises the following steps:

1) heating the hub workpiece to a certain temperature, and preserving heat for a period of time;

2) cooling the workpiece by using a cooling fan;

3) heating the workpiece again to a certain temperature, and preserving heat for a period of time;

4) and (5) placing the workpiece in air for air cooling.

7. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub as claimed in claim 6, wherein the workpiece in the step 1) is heated to 560 ℃ at the temperature of 540-.

8. The liquid die forging forming process for the aluminum alloy automobile hub according to claim 7, wherein the cooling time in the step 2) is 10-30min, and the cooling speed of a cooling fan is 50-200 ℃/min.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile part processing, in particular to a liquid die forging forming process for an aluminum alloy automobile hub.

Background

Liquid die forging, also known as extrusion casting and continuous forging, is a new metal forming process which not only has the casting characteristic, but also is similar to die forging. A certain amount of metal liquid to be cast is directly poured into a cavity coated with a lubricant, mechanical static pressure is continuously applied, and a solidified hard shell is plastically deformed by utilizing the technology of easy flowing and forging during metal casting, solidification and forming, so that metal is crystallized and solidified under the pressure, and shrinkage cavities and shrinkage porosity formed by solidification and shrinkage are forcibly eliminated, and a liquid die forging workpiece without casting defects is obtained. This process is commonly referred to as liquid die forging. Liquid forging is not strange to casting and forging personnel. The process study began in 1937 in original Soviet Union. Nowadays, developed countries have widely applied this technology to the manufacture of metal components in military and high-tech areas, which is highly beneficial and shows strong vitality. The liquid forging is named by the forging and pressing speciality, the extrusion casting is named by the casting speciality, but the contents are consistent, and liquid metal is subjected to pressure forming in a die and crystallization and solidification. It has an inseparable "bloody border relationship" with the cast. Liquid forging (liquid die forging) is an advanced process which saves labor and energy and has high material utilization rate. The liquid forging piece is generally very close to the final machining size of a workpiece, and has high quality, so that the application of the liquid forging piece in the field of automobile part machining is an important research direction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a liquid die forging forming process for an aluminum alloy automobile hub, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a liquid die forging forming process for aluminum alloy automobile hubs specifically comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing and preparing an aluminum alloy raw material;

s2, putting the aluminum alloy raw material into a smelting furnace, and smelting the aluminum alloy raw material into a liquid state at the smelting temperature of 850-;

s3, carrying out furnace degassing and deslagging on the liquid metal obtained in the step S2 by using an efficient refining agent, so that the liquid metal is clean and free of impurities;

s4, preparing a hub die, and preheating at the temperature of 280-320 ℃;

s5, pouring the liquid metal into the hub mold, wherein the pouring temperature is 710-730 ℃, and the single blank is accurately and quantitatively poured;

s6, performing pressure forming on the liquid metal through a hydraulic press;

s7, opening the die, wherein the lower die ejector rod of the die ejects a workpiece upwards, the upper die moves upwards along with the press slide block at the same speed as the lower die ejector rod, and the tearing force of the upper die and the lower die on the product is eliminated;

s8, taking the workpiece out of the die, air-cooling for 30-50S, and then performing machining processes such as trimming, polishing and the like;

s9, carrying out heat treatment on the formed aluminum alloy hub;

and S10, inspecting, packaging and warehousing.

As a further scheme of the invention: the aluminum alloy raw material in the step S1 specifically comprises the following components: 200-400 weight portions of Al, 50-70 weight portions of Si, 0.5-1.5 weight portions of Cu, 1-5 weight portions of Mn, 1-3 weight portions of Zn, 0.3-0.7 weight portions of Mg and 0.1-0.5 weight portions of Fe.

As a further scheme of the invention: the press molding in step S6 specifically includes the steps of:

A. mold closing, mold filling and pressurizing;

B. and (5) pressure maintaining die forging.

As a further scheme of the invention: and C, the mold closing and filling pressurization time in the step A is 20-30s, and the pressure is changed from the moment that the upper mold punch just contacts the melt surface in the lower mold until the pressure reaches 160-180bar and the speed is 1-3 mm/s.

As a further scheme of the invention: the specific steps in the step B are as follows: gradually reducing the pressure to 0 at a pressurizing speed of 0.1-0.3mm/s, and cooling at a pressure of 200-220bar for a cooling time of 120-140s after reaching the pressure maintaining pressure and delaying for 10-30 s.

As a further scheme of the invention: the heat treatment in step S9 specifically includes the following steps:

1) heating the hub workpiece to a certain temperature, and preserving heat for a period of time;

2) cooling the workpiece by using a cooling fan;

3) heating the workpiece again to a certain temperature, and preserving heat for a period of time;

4) and (5) placing the workpiece in air for air cooling.

As a further scheme of the invention: the workpiece in the step 1) is heated to 540-.

As a further scheme of the invention: the cooling time in the step 2) is 10-30min, and the cooling speed of the cooling fan is 50-200 ℃/min.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, by improving the proportion of alloy components in the aluminum alloy hub and adopting the liquid die forging process, the metallographic structure of the aluminum alloy is improved, the defects of shrinkage cavities, looseness, air holes, cracks and the like in the product are greatly eliminated, the mechanical property of the hub is improved, the whole process flow is simple, the production cost is low, and the market competitiveness is improved.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.