阅读说明：本技术 一种轮毂加工专机 (Special wheel hub machining machine ) 是由 张昊 方淳 秦利明 吴烜宁 李军 戴晟 袁美玲 陈晓清 于 2021-06-03 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种轮毂加工专机,属于机械加工技术领域,本轮毂加工专机包括底座,底座中部设有立柱,底座上安装有能够围绕立柱间歇性转动的转盘机构,转盘机构上设有多个加工台,立柱外周上沿其周向依次设有第一铣削装置、第二铣削装置、钻孔装置和攻丝装置,第一铣削装置、第二铣削装置、钻孔装置和攻丝装置在转盘机构间歇性转动过程中为对应工位上的轮毂件进行相应的、级进的循环式加工。本轮毂加工专机加工效率高,运行稳定可靠,占用空间小。(The invention provides a special wheel hub machining machine, which belongs to the technical field of machining and comprises a base, wherein an upright post is arranged in the middle of the base, a turntable mechanism capable of rotating intermittently around the upright post is installed on the base, a plurality of machining tables are arranged on the turntable mechanism, a first milling device, a second milling device, a drilling device and a tapping device are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the upright post along the circumferential direction of the upright post, and the first milling device, the second milling device, the drilling device and the tapping device perform corresponding progressive circulating machining on a wheel hub piece on a corresponding station in the intermittent rotating process of the turntable mechanism. The special hub machining machine is high in machining efficiency, stable and reliable in operation and small in occupied space.)

1. The utility model provides a wheel hub processing special plane, includes base (1), base (1) middle part is equipped with stand (3), install on base (1) and to center on stand (3) intermittent type nature pivoted carousel mechanism (4), its characterized in that, be equipped with a plurality of processing platforms (5) on carousel mechanism (4), be equipped with first milling device (6), second milling device (7), drilling equipment (8) and chasing bar (9) in proper order along its circumference in stand (3) periphery, first milling device (6), second milling device (7), drilling equipment (8) and chasing bar (9) are in carousel mechanism (4) intermittent type rotates the in-process and carries out corresponding, the circulating processing that upgrades for wheel hub spare (10) on the corresponding station.

2. The special wheel hub machining machine according to claim 1, further comprising a suspension beam (2), wherein the upper end of the suspension beam (2) is bent towards the upright (3) and fixedly connected with the upper end of the upright (3), the lower end of the suspension beam (2) is connected with the side portion of the base (1), and a display screen (11) for displaying working state parameters of the first milling device (6), the second milling device (7), the drilling device (8), the tapping device (9), the machining table (5) and the turntable mechanism (4) is arranged on the side wall of the outward side of the suspension beam (2).

3. A machine in particular for machining hubs according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said machining stations (5) are at least five, the processing table (5) comprises a first bottom plate (20), a first feeding mechanism (21), a second bottom plate (22), a second feeding mechanism (23) and a clamping mechanism (24), the first bottom plate (20) is arranged on the turntable mechanism (4), the first feeding mechanism (21) is arranged on the first bottom plate (20) along the X-axis direction, the second base plate (22) is mounted on the first feeding mechanism (21), the second feeding mechanism (23) is arranged on the second bottom plate (22) along the Y-axis direction, the clamping mechanism (24) is arranged on the second feeding mechanism (23), the clamping mechanism (24) can perform X-axis movement and Y-axis movement under the cooperative driving of the first feeding mechanism (21) and the second feeding mechanism (23).

4. A wheel hub processing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the clamping mechanism (24) is a hydraulic three-jaw chuck, a pneumatic three-jaw chuck or an internal expanding external clamping type rotating chuck.

5. A hub machining machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the first milling means (6) comprise a first milling cutter (30) and a headstock (31), the second milling device (7) comprises a second milling cutter and a spindle box (31), the drilling device (8) comprises a drilling knife (32) and a spindle box (31), the tapping device (9) comprises a thread milling cutter (33) and a main spindle box (31), the spindle box (31) comprises a box body (34), a third feeding mechanism (35) and a spindle mechanism (36), the box body (34) is vertically arranged on the upright post (3), the third feeding mechanism (35) is arranged on the box body (34) along the Z-axis direction, the spindle mechanism (36) is attached to the third feed mechanism (35) and is capable of moving in the Z-axis direction by the drive of the third feed mechanism (35).

6. A hub machining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the first milling cutter (30) and the second milling cutter are high-speed steel end mills, having a diameter of phi 20-phi 40 mm; the drilling knife (32) is an M3 small twist drill; the thread milling cutter (33) is an M3 thread milling cutter (33).

7. The special wheel hub machining machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the turntable mechanism (4) comprises an index plate (12) arranged above the base (1) and a driving device (13) arranged in the base (1), the driving device (13) comprises a first driving motor (14), a first transmission assembly (15) and an intermittent movement mechanism (16), the first driving motor (14) is connected with the intermittent movement mechanism (16) through the first transmission assembly (15), and the upper end of the intermittent movement mechanism (16) extends out of the base (1) and is fixedly connected with the turntable.

8. A hub machining machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the intermittent movement mechanism (16) is one of a cam mechanism, a ratchet and pawl mechanism, a partial mechanism or a geneva mechanism.

9. The special wheel hub machining machine according to claim 7, wherein the first transmission assembly (15) comprises a first driving wheel (17), a first synchronous belt (18) and a first driven wheel (19), the first driving wheel (17) is arranged on an output shaft of the first driving motor (14), the first driven wheel (19) is arranged on the intermittent movement mechanism (16), and the first synchronous belt (18) is sleeved on the first driving wheel (17) and the first driven wheel (19).

10. The special wheel hub machining machine according to claim 5, wherein the first feeding mechanism (21), the second feeding mechanism (23) and the third feeding mechanism (35) are formed by mutually matching a lead screw (25), a guide rail (26), a sliding block (27) and a second driving motor (28), the guide rail (26) and the lead screw (25) are arranged in parallel, the second driving motor (28) is in transmission connection with the lead screw (25), and a hand wheel (29) is further arranged on the lead screw (25).

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of machining, and particularly relates to a special hub machining machine.

Background

With the rise of the shared electric bicycle, the manufacturing industry of the shared electric bicycle also begins to get hot, and all major manufacturers begin to seize the market of the shared electric bicycle without stopping hoof. How to produce the electric bicycle and the accessories thereof efficiently and reliably becomes a big problem encountered by various manufacturers in the actual production process.

In the machining process of each accessory of the electric bicycle, hub machining is one of the crucial items. As for the material selection of the electric bicycle wheel hub, aluminum alloy AA365.0-F is generally used by various manufacturers, and has very excellent casting performance. At present, the machining method for the electric vehicle hub by each large commercial manufacturer generally adopts a T6 heat treatment technology or forms an as-cast structure to perform a series of machining activities, but the formed electric vehicle hub can cause local damage or damage to the surface of the electric vehicle hub during transportation or subsequent installation machining, which directly leads to reduction of machining efficiency and increase of cost, and the actual machining efficiency is not ideal.

As shown in fig. 1, the hub machining mainly includes machining a first step surface a, a second step surface b, a plane c and a screw hole d on the first step surface a of a hub blank, and at present, some manufacturers adopt a combined machine tool mode and use an automatic production line with a plurality of modular mechanisms such as a combined machine tool, a transmission mechanism and an auxiliary mechanism. For example: 1. the rotary indexing conveying type automatic line with multiple cutters and single station has obvious advantages, for example, multiple cutters can simultaneously process multiple surfaces or holes, the design structure is simple, the forming is fast, but the defects are obvious, namely, the processing efficiency is too low, the cutters are likely to interfere with each other, and the like; 2. a linear multi-station drilling machine is characterized in that a workpiece conveying device penetrates through the machine tool, the machine tool can be arranged on two sides or one side of a conveying belt, an automatic line is segmented according to a machining process, and indexing positions and overturning devices are arranged between the segments to enable the workpiece to rotate 90 degrees or overturn 180 degrees, one conveying device can be used for each segment or one conveying device can be used for the whole line (the workpiece is lifted away from the conveying belt during indexing), the linear multi-station drilling machine is used for machining various large, medium and small parts, the application is more and more common, but hub machining is not only one procedure but also different procedures, so that the next procedure can be carried out only after the previous procedure is finished during machining, and the efficiency is greatly reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a special wheel hub machining machine which is used for solving the problems in the background technology.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a wheel hub processing special plane, includes the base, the base middle part is equipped with the stand, install on the base and can center on stand intermittent type nature pivoted carousel mechanism, be equipped with a plurality of processing platforms in the carousel mechanism, be equipped with first milling device, second milling device, drilling equipment and chasing bar in proper order along its circumference in the stand periphery, first milling device, second milling device, drilling equipment and chasing bar are in carry out corresponding, the circulating processing that upgrades for the wheel hub spare on corresponding the station among the carousel mechanism intermittent type nature rotation process.

In foretell in wheel hub processing special plane, its characterized in that still includes the suspended beam, the suspended beam upper end is buckled to the stand direction and is linked firmly mutually with the upper end of stand, the lower extreme and the base lateral part of suspended beam are connected, be equipped with the display screen that is used for showing first milling equipment, second milling equipment, drilling equipment, chasing bar, processing platform and carousel mechanism operating condition parameter on the lateral wall of the suspended beam one side outwards.

In the above-mentioned wheel hub processing special plane, the processing platform has five at least, the processing platform includes first bottom plate, first feed mechanism, second bottom plate, second feed mechanism and fixture, first bottom plate is installed on the carousel mechanism, first feed mechanism is installed along the X axle direction on the first bottom plate, the second bottom plate is installed on the first feed mechanism, second feed mechanism is installed on the second bottom plate along the Y axle direction, fixture installs on the second feed mechanism, fixture can carry out X axial displacement and Y axial displacement under the cooperation drive of first feed mechanism and second feed mechanism.

In the special wheel hub machining machine, the clamping mechanism adopts a hydraulic three-jaw chuck, a pneumatic three-jaw chuck or an internal-expanding external-clamping type rotating chuck.

In foretell a wheel hub processing special plane, first milling equipment includes first milling cutter and headstock, second milling cutter includes second milling cutter and headstock, drilling equipment includes drilling sword and headstock, tapping device includes screw milling cutter and headstock, the headstock includes that box, third advance the mechanism, main shaft mechanism, the vertical setting of box is on the stand, the third advances to install on the box along the Z axle direction for the mechanism, main shaft mechanism installs the third advances to construct and just can carry out Z axial displacement in the drive that the third advanced the mechanism.

In the special wheel hub machining machine, the first milling cutter and the second milling cutter are high-speed steel end milling cutters, and the diameter of each milling cutter is phi 20-phi 40 mm; the drilling cutter is an M3 small twist drill; the thread milling cutter is an M3 thread milling cutter.

In the above-mentioned wheel hub processing special plane, carousel mechanism is including setting up the graduated disk above the base and setting up the drive arrangement in the base, drive arrangement includes first driving motor, first transmission assembly, intermittent motion mechanism, first driving motor passes through first transmission assembly and intermittent motion mechanism are connected, the intermittent motion mechanism upper end stretches out the base with the carousel links firmly.

In the special wheel hub machining machine, the intermittent motion mechanism is one of a cam mechanism, a ratchet and pawl mechanism, an incomplete mechanism or a geneva mechanism.

In the special wheel hub machining machine, the first transmission assembly comprises a first driving wheel, a first synchronous belt and a first driven wheel, the first driving wheel is arranged on an output shaft of the first driving motor, the first driven wheel is arranged on the intermittent motion mechanism, and the first synchronous belt is sleeved on the first driving wheel and the first driven wheel.

In the special wheel hub machining machine, the first feeding mechanism, the second feeding mechanism and the third feeding mechanism are formed by mutually matching a lead screw, a guide rail, a sliding block and a second driving motor, the guide rail is parallel to the lead screw, the second driving motor is in transmission connection with the lead screw, and the lead screw is further provided with a hand wheel.

Compared with the prior art, the special hub machining machine has the following advantages: the problem of present wheel hub machining efficiency low is solved. In addition, the X-axis freedom degree and the Y-axis freedom degree are distributed to the processing table, the Z-axis freedom degree is distributed to the spindle box, the two coordinate systems are mutually independent to form a complete processing coordinate system, the arrangement space of the device is saved, the size of the whole machine is reduced, the installation difficulty of each mechanism is reduced, the mutual interference among the mechanisms is guaranteed, and the operation stability and the reliability of the machine are improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hub member of the present hub processing machine.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the special hub machining machine.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving device of the special hub machining machine.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a processing table of the special hub processing machine.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a spindle box of the special hub machining machine.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a suspension beam; 3. a column; 4. a turntable mechanism; 5. a processing table; 6. a first milling device; 7. a second milling device; 8. a drilling device; 9. a tapping device; 10. a hub member; 11. a display screen; 12. an index plate; 13. a drive device; 14. a first drive motor; 15. a first transmission assembly; 16. an intermittent motion mechanism; 17. a first drive wheel; 18. a first synchronization belt; 19. a first driven wheel; 20. a first base plate; 21. a first feeding mechanism; 22. a second base plate; 23. a second feeding mechanism; 24. a clamping mechanism; 25. a lead screw; 26. a guide rail; 27. a slider; 28. a second drive motor; 29. a hand wheel; 30. a first milling cutter; 31. a main spindle box; 32. a drilling cutter; 33. a thread milling cutter; 34. a box body; 35. a third feed mechanism; 36. a spindle mechanism; 37. a main shaft bracket; 38. a third drive motor; 39. a second transmission assembly; 40. a main shaft; 41. a second drive wheel; 42. a second synchronous belt; 43. a second driven wheel; a. a first step surface; b. a second step surface; c. a plane; d. and a screw hole.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the special hub machining machine comprises a base 1 and a suspension beam 2, a stand column 3 is arranged in the middle of the base 1, a turntable mechanism 4 capable of rotating intermittently around the stand column 3 is installed on the base 1, a plurality of machining tables 5 are arranged on the turntable mechanism 4, and a first milling device 6, a second milling device 7, a drilling device 8 and a tapping device 9 are sequentially arranged on the periphery of the stand column 3 along the circumferential direction of the stand column. The first milling device 6, the second milling device 7, the drilling device 8 and the tapping device 9 perform corresponding and progressive cyclic machining on the hub parts 10 at the corresponding stations during the intermittent rotation of the turntable mechanism 4. The first milling device 6 is mainly used for machining a first step face a of a hub blank, the second milling device 7 is mainly used for machining a second step face b and a plane c of the hub blank, the drilling device 8 is mainly used for drilling a screw hole d, and the tapping device 9 is mainly used for machining an internal thread of the drilled hole. The upper end of the suspension beam 2 is bent towards the direction of the upright post 3 and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the upright post 3, the lower end of the suspension beam 2 is connected with the side part of the base 1, and a display screen 11 for displaying working state parameters of the first milling device 6, the second milling device 7, the drilling device 8, the tapping device 9 and the processing table 5 is arranged on the side wall of the outward side of the suspension beam 2. Various wires penetrate through the suspension beam 2 to electrically connect the display screen 11 with the PLC system, the first milling device 6, the second milling device 7, the drilling device 8, the tapping device 9, the processing table 5 and the turntable mechanism 4 respectively, so that operations such as real-time display, parameter control and the like are realized; the display screen 11 preferably adopts a touch screen, and the PLC system is conveniently controlled while display is considered.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the machining efficiency to be considered is maximized, so that the periphery of the column 3 is divided into four parts, which correspond to the first milling device 6, the second milling device 7, the drilling device 8 and the tapping device 9 in sequence, respectively, one machining table 5 is required to be arranged below the first milling device 6, the second milling device 7, the drilling device 8 and the tapping device 9, then the turntable mechanism 4 is divided into eight regions equally in consideration of the position arrangement problem of the loading station, the unloading station and each station, and the machining table 5 is arranged in each region, so that during machining, four working tables are in a working state, and in the other four machining tables 5, operations such as loading, unloading, buffering and cleaning up scraps can be performed respectively.

Specifically, the turntable mechanism 4 includes an index plate 12 disposed above the base 1 and a driving device 13 disposed in the base 1. As shown in fig. 3, the driving device 13 includes a first driving motor 14, a first transmission assembly 15, and an intermittent movement mechanism 16, the first driving motor 14 is connected to the intermittent movement mechanism 16 through the first transmission assembly 15, and an upper end of the intermittent movement mechanism 16 extends out of the base 1 and is fixedly connected to the turntable. The intermittent mechanism 16 is one of a cam mechanism, a ratchet-pawl mechanism, an incomplete mechanism, or a geneva mechanism. In this embodiment, the intermittent mechanism 16 is a sheave mechanism, especially an eighth sheave mechanism, which has the characteristics of high mechanical efficiency and stable transmission.

The first transmission assembly 15 includes a first driving wheel 17, a first synchronous belt 18 and a first driven wheel 19, the first driving wheel 17 is disposed on an output shaft of the first driving motor 14, the first driven wheel 19 is disposed on the intermittent motion mechanism 16, and the first synchronous belt 18 is sleeved on the first driving wheel 17 and the first driven wheel 19.

As shown in fig. 4, each of the machining stations 5 includes a first base plate 20, a first feeding mechanism 21, a second base plate 22, a second feeding mechanism 23, and a holding mechanism 24, the first base plate 20 is mounted on the turntable mechanism 4, the first feeding mechanism 21 is mounted on the first base plate 20 in the X-axis direction, the second base plate 22 is mounted on the first feeding mechanism 21, the second feeding mechanism 23 is mounted on the second base plate 22 in the Y-axis direction, and the holding mechanism 24 is mounted on the second feeding mechanism 23. The first feeding mechanism 21 and the second feeding mechanism 23 are respectively formed by a lead screw 25, a guide rail 26, a slide block 27 and a second driving motor 28 which are matched with each other, and in order to ensure the stability of operation, the number of the guide rails 26 and the slide blocks 27 is two. The lead screw 25 is a ball screw 25, and a hand wheel 29 may be connected to a motor shaft of the second driving motor 28, so that the lead screw 25 can be manually controlled.

Two guide rails 26 of the first feeding mechanism 21 are arranged on two sides of the screw 25, and the three are parallelly installed on the first bottom plate 20, the sliders 27 are respectively and correspondingly installed on the guide rails 26, and the second driving motor 28 is installed at one end of the screw 25 and is in transmission fit with the screw 25. Two ends of the second bottom plate 22 are respectively and fixedly connected with two sliding blocks 27 of the first feeding mechanism 21, and the middle part of the second bottom plate is fixedly connected with a nut of the screw rod 25 in the first feeding mechanism 21. Two guide rails 26 of the second feeding mechanism 23 are arranged on two sides of the screw 25, and the three are parallelly installed on the second bottom plate 22, the sliders 27 of the second feeding mechanism 23 are respectively and correspondingly installed on the guide rails 26 of the second feeding mechanism 23, and the second driving motor 28 of the second feeding mechanism 23 is installed at one end of the screw 25 of the second feeding mechanism 23 and is in transmission fit with the screw. The clamping mechanism 24 is an inner-expanding outer-clamping type spin chuck mounted on the second base plate 22, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the inner-expanding outer-clamping type spin chuck may be replaced with a hydraulic type three-jaw chuck or a pneumatic type three-jaw chuck. By the above combination, the holding mechanism can perform the X-axis movement and the Y-axis movement by the cooperative driving of the first feeding mechanism 21 and the second feeding mechanism 23.

The first milling device 6 comprises a first milling cutter 30 and a headstock 31, the second milling device 7 comprises a second milling cutter (not shown in the figure) and a headstock 31, the drilling device 8 comprises a drilling tool 32 and a headstock 31, and the tapping device 9 comprises a thread milling cutter 33 and a headstock 31. The first milling cutter 30 and the second milling cutter are high-speed steel end mills, the diameter is phi 20-phi 40mm, and a phi 25mm end mill with 4 edges is preferably adopted; the drilling knife 32 is a 3-blade M3 small twist drill; the thread mill 33 is an M3 thread mill 33.

As shown in fig. 5, the headstock 31 includes a housing 34, a third feed mechanism 35, and a spindle mechanism 36. Wherein, the box body 34 is vertically arranged on the upright post 3 and is fixed by a screw; the third feeding mechanism 35 is mounted on the case 34 along the Z-axis direction, and has the same structure as the first feeding mechanism 21 and the second feeding mechanism 23; the spindle mechanism 36 includes a spindle frame 37, a third driving motor 38, a second transmission assembly 39 and a spindle 40, the third driving motor 38 is in transmission connection with the spindle 40 through the transmission assembly, the spindle 40 penetrates through the spindle frame 37 along the Z-axis direction and is rotatably connected with the spindle frame 37, the spindle frame 37 is fixedly connected to a slide block 27 and a nut of the third feeding mechanism 35, and the spindle frame can move in the Z-axis direction under the driving of the third feeding mechanism 35. The second transmission assembly 39 includes a second driving pulley 41, a second synchronous belt 42 and a second driven pulley 43, the second driving pulley 41 is disposed on the output shaft of the third driving motor 38, the second driven pulley 43 is disposed on the main shaft 40, and the second synchronous belt 42 is sleeved on the second driving pulley 41 and the second driven pulley 43.

The use principle of the invention is as follows:

the special hub machining machine provided by the invention is mainly used for machining a hub blank by the following steps:

firstly, feeding, namely feeding by using a manipulator or a worker, positioning and aligning, and then clamping a hub blank by rotating a chuck; this process takes about 5 seconds.

Secondly, milling a first plane a: 1. tool setting; 2. finish milling an inner circle with phi 106mm and a plane to a side surface with phi 120 mm; 3. withdrawing the cutter; this process takes about 20 seconds.

Thirdly, milling a second plane b: 1. tool setting; 2. finely milling an inner circle with the diameter of phi 100mm and a plane to a side surface with the diameter of phi 106 mm; 3. retracting and then aligning the cutter; 4. finely milling a phi 38mm plane to a phi 45mm plane; 5. withdrawing the cutter; this process takes 28-30 seconds.

Fourthly, drilling on the first plane a: 1. tool setting; 2. roughly drilling to phi 2.5 mm; 3. withdrawing the cutter; 4. the above process was repeated 5 more times; this process takes 30-33 seconds.

Fifthly, tapping the holes in the step four: 1. tool setting; 2. finish milling the thread to M3 multiplied by 0.5; 3. withdrawing the cutter; 4. the above process was repeated 5 more times; this process takes 30-33 seconds.

Sixthly, the method comprises the following steps: blanking: loosening the rotating chuck and taking down the finished hub product; this process takes about 2 seconds.

It should be noted that, each hub blank is processed through the above steps, four hubs at intervals among the hubs on the eight stations are simultaneously processed at four stations, and the other four hubs are changed to be processed every time the turntable mechanism 4 rotates, and when four hubs are not in a processing state, the operations of feeding, blanking, buffering and scrap cleaning can be respectively executed. Therefore, the corresponding and progressive circulating machining can be realized, the machining time of the hub is greatly shortened, and the hub is high in quality and efficiency.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.