阅读说明：本技术 六轴联动的数控刨削加工中心及其配套的非旋转曲面刀具 (Six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center and non-rotary curved surface cutter matched with same ) 是由 周凯红 王志永 张烈平 曾亦愚 吴桥生 于 2020-07-13 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了六轴联动的数控刨削加工中心及其配套的非旋转曲面刀具,包括机架、X方向直线平动运动数控轴、Z方向直线平动运动数控轴、X方向旋转运动数控轴、Y方向旋转运动数控轴、Z方向旋转运动数控轴和Y方向直线平动运动数控轴,所述X方向直线平动运动数控轴由X方向平动伺服电机和X方向滚珠丝杆组成。本发明将现有数控铣削加工中心的刀具切削主运动由旋转运动改变为直线平动,将刀具曲面由旋转曲面改变为非旋转曲面,使该数控刨削加工中心在宽行数控加工某些类型的复杂曲面时,具有更高的加工精度和加工效率,并且可以按所加工曲面实际尺寸来确定非旋转刀具曲面片的大小,减少刀具和机床结构的设计尺寸。(The invention discloses a six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center and a non-rotating curved surface cutter matched with the same, wherein the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center comprises a rack, an X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, an X-direction rotating motion numerical control shaft, a Y-direction rotating motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction rotating motion numerical control shaft and a Y-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, and the X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft consists of an X-direction translational servo motor and an X-direction ball screw. The invention changes the cutting main motion of the cutter of the existing numerical control milling center from rotary motion to linear translation, and changes the curved surface of the cutter from a rotary curved surface to a non-rotary curved surface, so that the numerical control planing center has higher processing precision and processing efficiency when processing certain types of complex curved surfaces in a wide-line numerical control manner, and can determine the size of a non-rotary cutter curved surface sheet according to the actual size of the processed curved surface, thereby reducing the design sizes of the cutter and the machine tool structure.)

1. The six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center is characterized by comprising a rack (12), an X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, an X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Y-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft and a Y-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, wherein the X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft consists of an X-direction translational servo motor (1) and an X-direction ball screw (9), the X-direction translational servo motor (1) is fixedly installed on the rack (12), the X-direction ball screw (9) is rotatably connected with the rack (12), and an output shaft of the X-direction translational servo motor (1) is fixedly connected with one end of the X-direction ball screw (9).

2. The six-axis linked numerically controlled gouging center according to claim 1, wherein: the numerical control shaft for the Z-direction linear translation motion is composed of a Z-direction translation servo motor (2) and a Z-direction ball screw (8), the Z-direction translation servo motor (2) is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on an X-direction ball screw (9) through a mounting plate, and an output shaft of the Z-direction translation servo motor (2) is fixedly connected with one end of the Z-direction ball screw (8).

3. The six-axis linked numerically controlled gouging center according to claim 1, wherein: the X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises an X-direction rotary servo motor (3), the X-direction rotary servo motor (3) is located on one side below the X-direction translational servo motor (1), and the X-direction rotary servo motor (3) is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on a Z-direction ball screw (8) through a mounting plate.

4. The six-axis linked numerically controlled gouging center according to claim 1, wherein: the Y-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises a Y-direction rotary servo motor (4), and the Y-direction rotary servo motor (4) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the X-direction rotary servo motor (3) through a mounting plate.

5. The six-axis linked numerically controlled gouging center according to claim 1, wherein: the Z-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises a Z-direction rotary servo motor (5), and the Z-direction rotary servo motor (5) is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the Y-direction rotary servo motor (4) through a mounting plate.

6. The six-axis linked numerically controlled gouging center according to claim 1, wherein: the numerical control shaft for the linear translational motion in the Y direction is composed of a translational servo motor (6) in the Y direction and a ball screw (7) in the Y direction, the translational servo motor (6) in the Y direction is fixedly installed on a rack (12), the ball screw (7) in the Y direction is rotatably installed at the upper end of the rack (12), an output shaft of the translational servo motor (6) in the Y direction is fixedly connected with one end of the ball screw (7) in the Y direction, and a workbench (12) is fixedly installed on a sliding nut of the ball screw (7) in the Y direction.

7. The non-rotating curved surface cutter matched with the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: fixed mounting has non-rotating curved surface cutter (10) on the output shaft of the rotatory servo motor of Z direction (5), non-rotating curved surface cutter (10) upper surface is equipped with mount pad (16), and non-rotating curved surface cutter (10) through the output shaft fixed connection of mount pad (16) and the rotatory servo motor of Z direction (5), non-rotating curved surface cutter (10) lower surface is equipped with knife face (15), knife face (15) are the curved surface setting.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center and a non-rotating curved surface cutter matched with the same.

Background

The numerical control machine tool is a short name of a digital control machine tool (Computer numerical control machine tools), and is an automatic machine tool provided with a program control system. The control system is capable of logically processing and decoding a program defined by a control code or other symbolic instructions, represented by coded numbers, which are input to the numerical control device via the information carrier. After operation, the numerical control device sends out various control signals to control the action of the machine tool, and the parts are automatically machined according to the shape and the size required by the drawing.

The existing machine tool numerical control machining center mainly takes a milling numerical control machining center as a main part and is characterized in that: the curved surface of the cutter (milling cutter) must be a complete rotating curved surface, and the cutting main motion of the cutter must be the rotating motion which takes the rotating central line of the rotating curved surface of the cutter as a rotating shaft, so that the structure of the cutter and the motion characteristics of a machine tool are limited, on one hand, the shape of the curved surface of the cutter is limited to the rotating curved surface, and the improvement of the efficiency and the precision of the wide-row numerical control processing of the complex curved surface is limited; on the other hand, since the main cutting motion of the tool is a rotational motion, in order to ensure the dynamic balance of the machine tool spindle in a high-speed rotation state, the curved surface of the tool must be a complete rotating curved surface, and therefore, when a complex curved surface (particularly a convex surface) with a large curvature radius is to be machined in a wide line, a complete rotating curved surface tool with a large rotation radius must be adopted, so that the structural sizes of the tool and the machine tool, particularly the structural size of the machine tool spindle, are increased, and improvement is required.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center and a matched non-rotating curved surface cutter thereof, so as to solve the problems that the curved surface of the cutter (milling cutter) in the prior milling numerical control machining in the background technology is required to be a complete rotating curved surface, and the main cutting motion of the cutter is required to be the rotating motion by taking the rotating central line of the rotating curved surface of the cutter as a rotating shaft, so that the cutter structure and the motion characteristics of a machine tool are that on one hand, the shape of the curved surface of the cutter is limited to be the rotating curved surface, so that the improvement of the efficiency and the precision of the wide-row numerical; on the other hand, since the main cutting motion of the tool is a rotational motion, in order to ensure the dynamic balance of the machine tool spindle in a high-speed rotation state, the curved surface of the tool must be a complete curved surface of rotation, which causes a problem that when a complex curved surface (particularly a convex surface) with a large radius of curvature is processed in a wide line, a complete curved surface of rotation tool with a large radius of rotation has to be used, and the structural sizes of the tool and the machine tool, particularly the structural size of the machine tool spindle, increase accordingly.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center comprises a rack, an X-direction linear translation motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction linear translation motion numerical control shaft, an X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Y-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft and a Y-direction linear translation motion numerical control shaft, wherein the X-direction linear translation motion numerical control shaft consists of an X-direction translation servo motor and an X-direction ball screw, the X-direction translation servo motor is fixedly installed on the rack, the X-direction ball screw is rotatably connected with the rack, and an output shaft of the X-direction translation servo motor is fixedly connected with one end of the X-direction ball screw.

Preferably, the numerical control shaft for the Z-direction linear translational motion consists of a Z-direction translational servo motor and a Z-direction ball screw, the Z-direction translational servo motor is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on the X-direction ball screw through a mounting plate, and an output shaft of the Z-direction translational servo motor is fixedly connected with one end of the Z-direction ball screw.

Preferably, the X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises an X-direction rotary servo motor, the X-direction rotary servo motor is located on one side below the X-direction translational servo motor, and the X-direction rotary servo motor is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on the Z-direction ball screw through a mounting plate.

Preferably, the Y-direction rotational motion numerical control shaft comprises a Y-direction rotational servo motor, and the Y-direction rotational servo motor is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the X-direction rotational servo motor through a mounting plate.

Preferably, the Z-direction rotational motion numerical control shaft comprises a Z-direction rotational servo motor, and the Z-direction rotational servo motor is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the Y-direction rotational servo motor through a mounting plate.

Preferably, the Y-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft is composed of a Y-direction translational servo motor and a Y-direction ball screw, the Y-direction translational servo motor is fixedly mounted on the frame, the Y-direction ball screw is rotatably mounted at the upper end of the frame, an output shaft of the Y-direction translational servo motor is fixedly connected with one end of the Y-direction ball screw, and a workbench is fixedly mounted on a sliding nut of the Y-direction ball screw.

The supporting non-rotating surface cutter of numerical control planing machining center of six links, fixed mounting has non-rotating surface cutter on the output shaft of the rotatory servo motor of Z direction, non-rotating surface cutter upper surface is equipped with the mount pad, and non-rotating surface cutter passes through mount pad and the rotatory servo motor's of Z direction output shaft fixed connection, non-rotating surface cutter lower surface is equipped with the knife face, the curved surface setting is personally submitted to the sword.

The invention provides a six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center, which has the following beneficial effects:

the invention replaces milling with main cutting motion as linear translation, replaces milling with main cutting motion as rotary motion, replaces milling cutter with cutter curved surface as non-rotary curved surface sheet with planer cutter, and has higher efficiency and precision of wide-line numerical control cutting processing for some complex curved surface compared with the existing mode of processing complex curved surface by wide-line numerical control milling of rotary curved surface cutter.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the movement of the machine tool mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a non-rotating curved surface tool according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a servo motor for X-direction translation; 2. a Z-direction translation servo motor; 3. an X-direction rotating servo motor; 4. a servo motor is rotated in the Y direction; 5. a Z-direction rotating servo motor; 6. a servo motor for translational motion in the Y direction; 7. a Y-direction ball screw; 8. a Z-direction ball screw; 9. an X-direction ball screw; 10. a non-rotating curved surface cutter; 11. a workpiece; 12. a frame; 13. a work table; 14. a machine tool control cabinet; 15. a knife face; 16. and (7) mounting a seat.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center comprises a rack 12, an X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, an X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Y-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft, a Z-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft and a Y-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft, wherein the X-direction linear translational motion numerical control shaft is composed of an X-direction translational servo motor 1 and an X-direction ball screw 9, the X-direction translational servo motor 1 is fixedly installed on the rack 12, the X-direction ball screw 9 is rotatably connected with the rack 12, and an output shaft of the X-direction translational servo motor 1 is fixedly connected with one end of the X-direction ball screw 9.

The numerical control shaft for the Z-direction linear translation motion is composed of a Z-direction translation servo motor 2 and a Z-direction ball screw 8, the Z-direction translation servo motor 2 is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on an X-direction ball screw 9 through a mounting plate, an output shaft of the Z-direction translation servo motor 2 is fixedly connected with one end of the Z-direction ball screw 8, the Z-direction translation servo motor 2 can be used for working to drive the Z-direction ball screw 8 to rotate, a screw nut seat is made to move linearly, and the rotary motion of the Z-direction translation servo motor 2 is converted into the Z-direction feeding motion of the linear translation through the Z-direction ball screw 8.

The X-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises an X-direction rotary servo motor 3, the X-direction rotary servo motor 3 is located on one side below the X-direction translational servo motor 1, the X-direction rotary servo motor 3 is fixedly connected with a sliding nut on a Z-direction ball screw 8 through a mounting plate, and the X-direction rotary servo motor 3 drives the X-direction rotary servo motor to form X-direction swinging rotary feeding motion.

The Y-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises a Y-direction rotary servo motor 4, the Y-direction rotary servo motor 4 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the X-direction rotary servo motor 3 through a mounting plate, and the Y-direction rotary servo motor 4 drives the Y-direction rotary servo motor to form Y-direction swinging rotary feeding motion.

The Z-direction rotary motion numerical control shaft comprises a Z-direction rotary servo motor 5, the Z-direction rotary servo motor 5 is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a Y-direction rotary servo motor 4 through a mounting plate, and the Z-direction rotary servo motor 5 drives to form Z-direction swinging rotary feeding motion.

The numerical control shaft for the linear translation motion in the Y direction consists of a servo motor 6 for the translation motion in the Y direction and a ball screw 7 in the Y direction, the Y-direction translational servo motor 6 is fixedly arranged on the frame 12, the Y-direction ball screw 7 is rotatably arranged at the upper end of the frame 12, an output shaft of the Y-direction translational servo motor 6 is fixedly connected with one end of a Y-direction ball screw 7, a workbench 13 is fixedly arranged on a sliding nut of the Y-direction ball screw 7, the rotary motion of a Y-direction translational servo motor 6 is converted into linear translational main cutting motion through a Y-direction ball screw 7, a processed workpiece 12 is fixed on a workbench 13, the servo motor 6 is used as a power source for generating cutting force main motion, the rated power and the torque of the machine tool are determined according to the requirement of the maximum cutting force, and the structural sizes of the Y-direction ball screw 7 and the machine tool frame 12 meet the strength requirement of cutting processing.

Fixed mounting has non-rotating curved surface cutter 10 on the output shaft of the rotatory servo motor 5 of Z direction, non-rotating curved surface cutter 10 upper surface is equipped with mount pad 16, and non-rotating curved surface cutter 10 passes through mount pad 16 and the rotatory servo motor 5's of Z direction output shaft fixed connection, non-rotating curved surface cutter 10 lower surface is equipped with knife face 15, knife face 15 is the curved surface setting, and the size of cutter curved surface piece can be designed according to the size of treating processing complex curved surface to make cutter and lathe structural dimension can design littleer, and when adopting the convex surface of the wide line numerical control processing complex curved surface of cutter curved surface concave surface, have the convenience and the advantage of no fungible.

It should be noted that, in the six-axis linkage numerical control planing center, when in operation, the planing center has 6 degrees of freedom: 3 rotational movements and 3 linear translations; the 3 rotating motion axes are mutually vertical and are respectively driven by a servo motor to form reciprocating swinging feeding motion along the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system; 3 linear translation directions are mutually vertical, a set of ball screw is driven by a servo motor to form linear translation motion respectively along the directions of an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis of a machine tool coordinate system, wherein the linear translation along an X, Z axis is used as reciprocating linear feed motion, the linear translation along the direction of the Y axis is used as main cutting motion for generating cutting force in planing processing, motion pairs corresponding to all the motions are in series relation, the independent motions are finally synthesized into a space motion relation of a cutter relative to a workpiece through the series relation of the motion pairs and are matched with the main cutting motion of the linear reciprocating translation, a curved surface of the cutting cutter adopts a non-rotating curved surface sheet, during cutting, a Z-direction rotating servo motor 5 is used for driving the non-rotating curved surface cutter 10 to rotate for cutting work, and meanwhile, the angle can be adjusted by utilizing rotating motion mechanisms in the directions of the X axis and the Y axis, the X-axis direction rotating motion mechanism and the Y-axis direction rotating motion mechanism are respectively driven by a servo motor to form reciprocating swinging feeding motion; the movement of the servo motor is controlled by a machine tool control system in a machine tool control cabinet 14; the invention changes the cutting main motion of the cutter of the existing numerical control milling center from rotary motion to linear translation, thereby facilitating the cutting work.

The non-rotating curved surface cutter of the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center changes the curved surface of the cutter from a rotating curved surface to a non-rotating curved surface, so that the six-axis linkage numerical control planing machining center is designed, the numerical control planing machining center has higher machining precision and machining efficiency when wide-row numerical control machining is carried out on certain types of complex curved surfaces, the size of a non-rotating cutter curved surface sheet can be determined according to the actual size of the machined curved surface, and the design sizes of the cutter and a machine tool structure are reduced to the maximum extent.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.