阅读说明：本技术 一种泡沫状g-C3N4光催化材料、制备方法及应用 (Foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material, preparation method and application ) 是由 张亚雷 柳丽芬 于 2020-07-14 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明提供了一种泡沫状g-C<Sub>3</Sub>N<Sub>4</Sub>光催化材料、制备方法及应用,属于环保新材料的制备技术领域。该方法是以尿素为原料,采用带盖的弧形坩埚对尿素进行煅烧,煅烧包括升温煅烧和恒温煅烧两个阶段,首先进行升温煅烧,升温速率为5℃/min-30℃/min,将尿素加热至500-570℃；再进行恒温煅烧,500-570℃下继续煅烧2-4h,冷却至室温,得到泡沫状g-C<Sub>3</Sub>N<Sub>4</Sub>光催化材料。本发明制得的泡沫状g-C<Sub>3</Sub>N<Sub>4</Sub>比表面积大,比表面积高达81.9m<Sup>2</Sup>/g,光催化活性强等优点,可用于快速光催化降解染料罗丹明B,能够高效的去除水中的染料。(The invention provides a foamed g-C 3 N 4 A photocatalytic material, a preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of preparation of novel environment-friendly materials. The method comprises the steps of calcining urea by using an arc-shaped crucible with a cover as a raw material, wherein the calcining comprises two stages of heating-up calcining and constant-temperature calcining, the heating-up calcining is firstly carried out, the heating-up rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then constant temperature calcination is carried out, 500Calcining at-570 deg.C for 2-4 hr, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C 3 N 4 A photocatalytic material. Foamed g-C made by the invention 3 N 4 The specific surface area is large and is as high as 81.9m 2 The rhodamine B photocatalyst has the advantages of strong photocatalytic activity and the like, can be used for rapidly degrading the rhodamine B dye through photocatalysis, and can efficiently remove the dye in water.)

1. Foamed g-C₃N₄The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that urea is used as a raw material, an arc-shaped crucible with a cover is adopted to calcine the urea, the calcination comprises two stages of heating calcination and constant-temperature calcination, the heating calcination is firstly carried out, the heating rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then carrying out constant temperature calcination, continuing calcination for 2-4h at the temperature of 500-570 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C₃N₄A photocatalytic material.

2. A foamed g-C according to claim 1₃N₄Method for photocatalytic material, characterized in that 10g of urea needs to be fired in 20, 25, 30 or 40ml curved covered crucibles.

3. A foamed g-C according to claim 1₃N₄The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the temperature rise rate is 13-17 ℃/min.

4. A foamed g-C according to claim 3₃N₄The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the temperature rise rate is 15 ℃/min.

5. A foamed g-C according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4₃N₄The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the fixed temperature is 550 ℃, and the constant-temperature calcination time is 3 hours.

6. Foamed g-C₃N₄The photocatalytic material is characterized in that the foamed g-C₃N₄Photocatalytic material obtainable by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

7. Foamed g-C₃N₄Use of a photocatalytic material, characterized in that it is obtained in the form of a foam g-C obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5₃N₄And the photocatalytic material is used for removing the rhodamine B dye.

8. A foamed g-C according to claim 7₃N₄The application of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps: adding foamed g-C into rhodamine B solution₃N₄And carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the photocatalytic material, then carrying out dark adsorption, carrying out light treatment after adsorption balance is achieved, and finally finishing degradation of the dye.

9. A foamed g-C according to claim 8₃N₄Use of a photocatalytic material, characterized in that said foamed g-C₃N₄The addition amount of the photocatalytic material is that foam-shaped g-C is added into every 50mL of rhodamine B solution₃N₄10mg of the photocatalytic material, wherein the concentration of the rhodamine B solution is 10 mg/L.

10. A foamed g-C according to claim 8 or 9₃N₄The application of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the ultrasonic time is 15-60 s; the light intensity of the tungsten lamp is 50W, and the light adding treatment time is 60 min.

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of novel environment-friendly materials, and relates to a foamy g-C₃N₄Method for producing photocatalytic material, and foamed g-C₃N₄A photocatalytic material and application thereof, in particular to a foamy g-C₃N₄The application of the photocatalytic material in processing rhodamine B.

Background

Nowadays, environmental pollution is serious, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, a photocatalytic technology is a low-cost and environment-friendly green energy and environment treatment technology, and research on a harmless photocatalyst with high photocatalytic performance has become a wide research hotspot at present.

g-C₃N₄The photocatalyst has a wider absorption spectrum range due to the unique optical performance of the photocatalyst, can play a role in common visible light, and has the advantages of higher thermal stability, chemical stability, easiness in preparation and the like. g-C from urea₃N₄Has a larger specific surface area but a lower urea yield. Preparation of C by the related art₃N₄However, it is fired to produce g-C from urea₃N₄When the crucible is required to be wrapped by tinfoil paper, the C can be prepared₃N₄And when the temperature rising program exceeds 8 ℃/min, the g-C prepared finally₃N₄The amount of the solid is less and less, even all the solid is run off, little solid can not be left, and g-C can not be obtained₃N₄The invention overcomes the defects, does not need to be wrapped by tinfoil paper, has high-speed temperature rise program, and successfully prepares the foam g-C₃N₄。

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing g-C by using urea as a raw material₃N₄The method of the photocatalyst is simple and has excellent photocatalytic performance. Overcomes some research defects existing before, and prepares C by burning urea₃N₄In the process, a large amount of C can be prepared without any package on the crucible₃N₄And g-C₃N₄Is in foam shape, has large specific surface area which is as high as 81.9m²And/g, strong photocatalytic performance.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:

foamed g-C₃N₄The method of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that urea is used as a raw material, an arc-shaped crucible with a cover is adopted to calcine the urea, the calcination comprises two stages of heating calcination and constant-temperature calcination, the heating calcination is firstly carried out, the heating rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then carrying out constant temperature calcination, continuing calcination for 2-4h at the temperature of 500-570 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C₃N₄A photocatalytic material.

Further, 10g of urea needs to be fired in 20, 25, 30 or 40ml curved covered crucibles.

Further, the heating rate is 13-17 ℃/min. Preferably, the rate of temperature rise is 15 ℃/min.

Furthermore, the fixed temperature is 550 ℃, and the constant-temperature calcination time is 3 hours.

Foamed g-C₃N₄Application of photocatalytic material, and foamed g-C prepared by using method₃N₄And the photocatalytic material is used for removing the rhodamine B dye.

The application method comprises the following steps: adding foamed g-C into rhodamine B solution₃N₄And carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the photocatalytic material, then carrying out dark adsorption, carrying out light treatment after adsorption balance is achieved, and finally finishing degradation of the dye.

The foamed g-C₃N₄The addition amount of the photocatalytic material is that foam-shaped g-C is added into every 50mL of rhodamine B solution₃N₄10mg of the photocatalytic material, wherein the concentration of the rhodamine B solution is 10 mg/L.

The ultrasonic time is 15-60 s; the light intensity of the tungsten lamp is 50W, and the light adding treatment time is 60 min.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: can prepare the required g-C by using a small amount of urea₃N₄And shaped like a foam, prepared g-C₃N₄The comparison area is large, and the maximum comparison area reaches 81.9m²Preparation of g foam g-C₃N₄The photocatalysis capability is strong, and the complete degradation of the rhodamine B dye can be basically completed within one hour.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the foamed g-C prepared in this example₃N₄TEM image with temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, as shown in figure 1, the foamed g-C prepared by the invention₃N₄The material has a two-dimensional layered structure.

FIG. 2 shows the foamed g-C prepared in this example₃N₄A Bet graph with a temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, wherein (a) is foamed g-C₃N₄The aperture distribution diagram (b) is a partial enlarged view of (a). As can be seen from the figure, the resulting foam g-C₃N₄The pore diameters were 3nm and 30nm, and the pore volume at 3nm was 0.07cc/g and that at 30nm was 1.45 cc/g.

FIG. 3 foam-like g-C prepared at different ramp rates₃N₄And (3) a photocatalytic material degradation removal rate effect diagram.

FIG. 4 foam-like g-C prepared at different ramp rates₃N₄Degradation of the photocatalytic material and concentration effect.

Detailed Description