阅读说明：本技术 一种施肥机取进料机构 (Fertilizer distributor gets feed mechanism ) 是由 郝延杰 孙冬霞 张爱民 于家川 刘凯凯 王成 宫建勋 禚冬玲 邵蓉蓉 李明升 宋 于 2020-07-28 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开一种施肥机取进料机构,包括铲装斗、螺旋拢料机构、取料器和进料通道,所述螺旋拢料机构设置于所述铲装斗的进口两侧,所述铲装斗内设置有液压马达驱动的大螺旋轴,所述铲装斗的出料端与所述进料通道连通；所述铲装斗的顶部设置有所述取料器,所述取料器用于对肥料进行取料和粉碎。本发明实现了实现条状或不规则分布或有大块肥块的肥料取进料工作,并在工作过程中,实现了进料之前的均匀切碎、两侧肥料无遗留,进料更均匀,降低劳动强度,减少用工需求,促进有机肥的使用和产业发展。(The invention discloses a fertilizer taking and feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which comprises a shovel loading hopper, a spiral material collecting mechanism, a material taking device and a feeding channel, wherein the spiral material collecting mechanism is arranged at two sides of an inlet of the shovel loading hopper; the top of the shovel loading bucket is provided with the material taking device, and the material taking device is used for taking and crushing fertilizer. The invention realizes the feeding and taking work of the fertilizer which is in strip shape or irregularly distributed or has large fertilizer blocks, and in the working process, the uniform chopping before the feeding is realized, the fertilizer on two sides is not left, the feeding is more uniform, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor demand is reduced, and the use and industrial development of the organic fertilizer are promoted.)

1. The utility model provides a feed mechanism is got to fertilizer distributor which characterized in that: the spiral material collecting mechanism is arranged on two sides of an inlet of the shovel hopper, a large spiral shaft driven by a hydraulic motor is arranged in the shovel hopper, and a discharge end of the shovel hopper is communicated with the feeding channel; the top of the shovel loading bucket is provided with the material taking device, and the material taking device is used for taking and crushing fertilizer.

2. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the shovel loading hopper comprises a bottom plate, an upper plate, a rear arc plate and two side plates which are welded into a whole, two ends of the large screw shaft are fixed on the two side plates through bearings, and one end of the large screw shaft penetrates through the side plates and is in transmission connection with the hydraulic motor; and the rear arc plate is provided with a hole communicated with the feeding channel.

3. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the blades on the large spiral shaft are distributed oppositely, and the spiral directions of the spiral blades positioned on two sides of the middle point are opposite by taking the middle point of the length direction of the large spiral shaft as a reference.

4. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the spiral material gathering mechanism comprises a lower mounting plate, a small spiral shaft, an upper mounting plate, a hydraulic motor and a lengthened plate, wherein the small spiral shaft is mounted between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, the lower part of the small spiral shaft is connected with the lower mounting plate through a bearing, and the upper part of the shaft penetrates through the bearing and then is connected with a second hydraulic motor through a coupler through an opening of the upper mounting plate; the lower mounting plate and the upper mounting plate are welded on the lengthened plate, and the other side of the lengthened plate is hinged with the side plate of the shovel loader.

5. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 4, wherein: a first movable hydraulic cylinder and a second movable hydraulic cylinder are mounted on a side plate of the shovel loader, a cylinder body of the first movable hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the side plate, and a telescopic rod is fixed with the inner side surface of the lengthened plate; and the cylinder body of the second movable hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the side plate, and the telescopic rod is fixed with the outer side surface of the lengthened plate.

6. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the material taking device comprises a belt, a cutter, a material taking cutter and two belt clamping plates, the two belt clamping plates are arranged in parallel, two ends of each belt clamping plate are fixedly connected through two roll shafts respectively, a front roll shaft is positioned at the top of the shovel bucket, two ends of a rear roll shaft are installed on an upper plate of the shovel bucket through bearings, and a belt motor is in transmission connection with the rear roll shaft through a coupling; the belt is connected end to end and covers the outer sides of the two roll shafts to form a transmission belt, cutter rows and material taking cutter rows are distributed on the outer surface of the belt in an equidistant and crossed mode in the direction parallel to the roll shafts, each cutter row comprises a plurality of cutters, and each material taking cutter row comprises a plurality of material taking cutters.

7. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the cutter is fixed on the belt through a bolt, the cutter is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the cutter face and the radial section of the roll shaft is 20 degrees; except the material taking knife positioned at the central line position of the belt, the material taking knives are obliquely arranged, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged material taking knife surface and the radial section of the roll shaft is 80 degrees.

8. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 7, wherein: taking the center line of the belt in the width direction of the belt as a reference, the number of the cutters in each row is 16, the 8 cutters on the two sides of the center line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the center line, the distance between two adjacent cutters in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between the two adjacent rows of cutters is 200 mm; the belt width direction central line of the belt is taken as a reference, the number of the material taking knives in each row is 16, the 8 material taking knives on the two sides of the central line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the central line, the distance between every two adjacent material taking knives in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of material taking knives is 200 mm.

9. The fertilizer distributor feeding and taking mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the shovel loader is characterized in that a first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat is arranged on the belt clamping plate, a second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat is arranged on the upper plate of the shovel loader bucket, a cylinder body of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat, and a telescopic rod of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed with the first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer spreaders, in particular to a feeding mechanism of a fertilizer spreader.

Background

At present, the fertilizer applicator has certain development, but how the fertilizer applicator feeds does not obtain good solution, manpower, material resources and financial resources are wasted by manual work or secondary mechanical feeding in the traditional method, the feeding time is long, the efficiency is low, and the fertilizer applicator cannot be well crushed for piled fertilizers.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, designs a feeding structure which is firstly cut before feeding, has no residue at a long distance and is more uniform in feeding, realizes high-efficiency feeding operation and is beneficial to promoting the use of organic fertilizers.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a fertilizer taking and feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which comprises a shovel loading hopper, a spiral material collecting mechanism, a material taking device and a feeding channel, wherein the spiral material collecting mechanism is arranged at two sides of an inlet of the shovel loading hopper; the top of the shovel loading bucket is provided with the material taking device, and the material taking device is used for taking and crushing fertilizer.

Preferably, the shovel loader bucket comprises a bottom plate, an upper plate, a rear arc plate and two side plates which are welded into a whole, two ends of the large screw shaft are fixed on the two side plates through bearings, and one end of the large screw shaft penetrates through the side plates and then is in transmission connection with the hydraulic motor; and the rear arc plate is provided with a hole communicated with the feeding channel.

Preferably, the blades on the large spiral shaft are distributed oppositely, and the spiral directions of the spiral blades positioned on two sides of the middle point of the length direction of the large spiral shaft are opposite by taking the middle point as a reference.

Preferably, the spiral material collecting mechanism comprises a lower mounting plate, a small spiral shaft, an upper mounting plate, a hydraulic motor and a lengthening plate, wherein the small spiral shaft is mounted between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, the lower part of the small spiral shaft is connected with the lower mounting plate through a bearing, and the upper part of the shaft penetrates through the bearing and then is connected with the second hydraulic motor through a coupler through an opening of the upper mounting plate; the lower mounting plate and the upper mounting plate are welded on the lengthened plate, and the other side of the lengthened plate is hinged with the side plate of the shovel loader.

Preferably, a first movable hydraulic cylinder and a second movable hydraulic cylinder are mounted on a side plate of the shovel loader, a cylinder body of the first movable hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the side plate, and a telescopic rod is fixed with the inner side surface of the lengthened plate; and the cylinder body of the second movable hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the side plate, and the telescopic rod is fixed with the outer side surface of the lengthened plate.

Preferably, the material taking device comprises a belt, a cutter, a material taking cutter and two belt clamping plates, the two belt clamping plates are arranged in parallel, two ends of each belt clamping plate are fixedly connected through two roll shafts respectively, a front roll shaft is positioned at the top of the shovel bucket, two ends of a rear roll shaft are mounted on an upper plate of the shovel bucket through bearings, and a belt motor is in transmission connection with the rear roll shaft through a coupling; the belt is connected end to end and covers the outer sides of the two roll shafts to form a transmission belt, cutter rows and material taking cutter rows are distributed on the outer surface of the belt in an equidistant and crossed mode in the direction parallel to the roll shafts, each cutter row comprises a plurality of cutters, and each material taking cutter row comprises a plurality of material taking cutters.

Preferably, the cutter is fixed on the belt through a bolt, the cutter is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the cutter face and the radial section of the roll shaft is 20 degrees; except the material taking knife positioned at the central line position of the belt, the material taking knives are obliquely arranged, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged material taking knife surface and the radial section of the roll shaft is 80 degrees.

Preferably, the number of the cutters in each row is 16 on the basis of a center line of the belt in the width direction, 8 cutters on two sides of the center line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the center line, the distance between two adjacent cutters in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of cutters is 200 mm; the belt width direction central line of the belt is taken as a reference, the number of the material taking knives in each row is 16, the 8 material taking knives on the two sides of the central line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the central line, the distance between every two adjacent material taking knives in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of material taking knives is 200 mm.

Preferably, the belt clamping plate is provided with a first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat, the upper plate of the shovel bucket is provided with a second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat, a cylinder body of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat, and a telescopic rod of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed with the first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

the action of the whole mechanism of the fertilizer taking and feeding mechanism is realized by a hydraulic system, the opening adjustment of the material taking device and the opening size of the spiral material collecting mechanism are realized by hydraulic cylinders, and the rotation of the auger is realized by a hydraulic motor. The invention realizes the feeding and taking operation with high efficiency, good crushing degree and uniform feeding.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a feeding mechanism of the fertilizer applicator.

Fig. 2 is a left side view of the fertilizer applicator feeding mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a top view of the fertilizer applicator feed mechanism.

Fig. 4 is an isometric view of the fertilizer applicator feed mechanism.

Wherein, 1, mounting the plate; 2 small spiral shaft; 3, mounting a plate; 4 a hydraulic motor; 5, lengthening a plate; 6, a belt clamping plate; 7, cutting knife; 8, taking a material knife; 9 a belt; 10 a feed channel; 11 a belt motor; 12 a large screw axis; 13 a lower plate; a second 14-opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat; 15 a vane motor; 16 movable hydraulic cylinders II; 17 side plates; 18 a base plate; 19, a first movable hydraulic cylinder; a first adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat with 20 openings; 21 a front side roller shaft; 22, an upper plate; 23 rear arc plate.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention aims to provide a feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art, designs a feeding structure which is firstly cut before feeding, has no residue at a long distance and is more uniform in feeding, realizes high-efficiency feeding operation and is beneficial to promoting the use of organic fertilizers.

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.

As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides a fertilizer taking and feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which comprises a shovel loader, a spiral material collecting mechanism, a material taking device and a feeding channel 10, wherein the spiral material collecting mechanism is arranged at two sides of an inlet of the shovel loader, a large spiral shaft 12 driven by a blade motor 15 is arranged in the shovel loader, and a discharge end of the shovel loader is communicated with the feeding channel 10; the top of the shovel loader is provided with a material taking device, and the material taking device is used for taking and crushing fertilizer.

Specifically, the shovel loader comprises a bottom plate 18, an upper plate 22, a rear arc plate 23 and two side plates 17 which are welded into a whole, two ends of a large screw shaft 12 are fixed on the two side plates 17 through bearings, and one end of the large screw shaft 12 penetrates through the side plates 17 and then is in transmission connection with a vane motor 15; the rear arc plate 23 is provided with a hole communicated with the feeding channel 10. The blades on the big screw shaft 12 are distributed in opposite directions, the screw direction of the screw blades positioned at two sides of the middle point of the length direction of the big screw shaft 12 is opposite by taking the middle point as a reference, and the oppositely distributed screw blades transport the fertilizer to the hole of the rear arc plate 23 and then enter the feeding channel 10. The bottom plate 18 is provided with an inclined opening, so that the bottom plate can be tightly attached to the ground or a fertilizer feeding position conveniently, and feeding is facilitated.

In this embodiment, the spiral material collecting mechanism comprises a lower mounting plate 1, a small spiral shaft 2, an upper mounting plate 3, a hydraulic motor 4 and a lengthening plate 5, wherein the small spiral shaft 2 is mounted between the upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 1, the lower part of the small spiral shaft 2 is connected with the lower mounting plate 1 through a bearing, and the upper part of the shaft passes through the bearing and then is connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a coupling through an opening of the upper mounting plate 3; the lower mounting plate 1 and the upper mounting plate 3 are welded on the lengthened plate 5, and the other side of the lengthened plate 5 is hinged with a side plate 17 of the shovel loader. A movable hydraulic cylinder I19 and a movable hydraulic cylinder II 16 are installed on a side plate 17 of the shovel bucket, a cylinder body of the movable hydraulic cylinder I19 is fixed on the side plate 17, and a telescopic rod is fixed with the inner side surface of the lengthened plate 5; the cylinder body of the second movable hydraulic cylinder 16 is fixed on the side plate 17, and the telescopic rod is fixed with the outer side surface of the lengthened plate 5. The small spiral shaft 2 is arranged between the upper mounting plate 3 and the lower mounting plate 1, the lower part of the shaft is connected with the lower mounting plate 1 through a bearing, and the upper part of the shaft passes through the bearing and then is connected with the hydraulic motor 4 through a coupler through an opening of the upper mounting plate 3, so that the hydraulic motor 4 drives the small spiral blade to rotate. The lower mounting plate 1 and the upper mounting plate 3 are welded on the lengthened plate 5, the other side of the lengthened plate 5 is hinged with the side plate 17, and the opening size of the spiral material gathering mechanism is adjusted by stretching and retracting the movable hydraulic cylinder I19 and the movable hydraulic cylinder II 16 which are arranged on the lengthened plate 5.

Furthermore, the material taking device comprises a belt 9, a cutter 7, a material taking cutter 8 and two belt clamping plates 6, the two belt clamping plates 6 are arranged in parallel, two ends of the two belt clamping plates 6 are fixedly connected through two roll shafts respectively, a front roll shaft 21 is positioned at the top of the shovel loader, two ends of a rear roll shaft are installed on an upper plate 22 of the shovel loader through bearings, and a belt motor 11 is in transmission connection with the rear roll shaft through a coupling; the belt 9 end to end wraps the two roll shafts to form a transmission belt, cutter rows and material taking cutter rows are distributed on the outer surface of the belt 9 in an equidistant and crossed mode in the roll shaft direction, each cutter row comprises a plurality of cutters 7, and each material taking cutter row comprises a plurality of material taking cutters 8.

The cutter 7 is fixed on the belt 9 through a bolt, the cutter 7 is arranged obliquely, and the included angle between the surface of the cutter 7 and the radial section of the roll shaft is 20 degrees; except the material taking knife 8 positioned at the central line position of the belt 9, the rest material taking knives 8 are obliquely arranged, and the included angle between the obliquely arranged material taking knife 8 surface and the radial section of the roll shaft is 80 degrees. Based on the center line of the belt in the width direction of the belt 9, 16 cutters 7 are arranged in each row, 8 cutters 7 on two sides of the center line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the center line, the distance between two adjacent cutters 7 in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between two adjacent rows of cutters 7 is 200 mm; the belt width direction central line of the belt 9 is used as a reference, the number of the material taking knives 8 in each row is 16, the 8 material taking knives 8 on the two sides of the central line are distributed in a mirror image mode relative to the central line, the distance between every two adjacent material taking knives 8 in the same row is 90mm, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of material taking knives 8 is 200 mm. Therefore, the fertilizer is transported to the middle line position while the large fertilizer is cut up, and the efficient feeding and taking are facilitated. The width of the belt 9 is the same as the distance between the two side plates 17, and the belt clamping plate 6 is arranged outside the side plates 17 and is provided with a hole at the corresponding position for penetrating through the rear shaft of the belt 9.

The belt clamping plate 6 is provided with a first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat 20, the upper plate 22 of the shovel bucket is provided with a second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat 14, the cylinder body of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the second opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat 14, and the telescopic rod of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder is fixed with the first opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder seat 20. The opening of the material taking device is adjusted by the expansion of the opening adjusting hydraulic cylinder.

The invention relates to a taking and feeding mechanism of a fertilizer applicator, which is used for quickly raking fertilizer placed in an irregular shape into the fertilizer applicator. The outer contour of the material taking and feeding mechanism is a shovel loading bucket, and the shovel loading bucket comprises an upper plate 22, a side plate 17, a lower plate 13 and a rear arc plate 23, wherein an opposite packing auger is arranged in an inner space formed by the upper plate, the side plate, the lower plate and the rear arc plate. The material taking device is a belt 9 provided with cutters 7 and material taking cutters 8 which are arranged in a certain sequence, the width of the belt 9 is smaller than that between the two side plates 17, and the front shaft and the rear shaft are used for driving the rear shaft to be arranged on the side plates 17 through bearings. The cutters 7 are arranged in a mirror image mode by using the center line of the upper plate 22 and form a certain inclined angle with the center line, so that the fertilizer is cut up and gathered towards the middle. The material taking knife 8 is arranged in a mirror image mode with the center line of the upper plate 22, and the inclination angle of the material taking knife and the center line is large, so that feeding to the middle of the mechanism is achieved. The side plate 17 is hinged with a lengthened plate 5, the mounting plate extends out of the front side of the lengthened plate 5 from top to bottom, the middle of the lengthened plate is provided with a spiral material gathering mechanism, and the fertilizer at the edge moves to the inner side by the rotation of the spiral blade. The lower plate 13 is provided with an inclined opening which is upward, so that fertilizer can be conveniently shoveled in. The action of the whole mechanism is realized by a hydraulic system, the opening adjustment of the material taking device and the opening size of the spiral material gathering mechanism are realized by a hydraulic cylinder, and the rotation of the auger is realized by a blade motor 15. The invention realizes the feeding and taking operation with high efficiency, good crushing degree and uniform feeding.

The effective example of the invention is that the fertilizer can be conveniently collected no matter the fertilizer is placed on the ground in a strip shape or in an irregular stacking manner. If the fertilizer is placed in a strip shape, the material taking device does not need to adjust the hydraulic cylinder according to the width of the strip, so that the lengthening plate 5 is opened at a certain angle, the mechanism advances, and the intermediate fertilizer enters the inside of the mechanism through the bottom plate 18 with an oblique opening, rotates through the large screw shaft 12 and enters the feeding channel 10 through the opening of the rear arc plate 23. If the fertilizer is placed irregularly or a large piece of fertilizer (such as stable fertilizer) exists, the opening of the material taking device is firstly adjusted by using the hydraulic cylinder, the opening of the material taking device is opened and is contacted with the upper part of the fertilizer pile, then the belt motor 11 works, the belt 9 rotates, the cutter 7 and the material taking cutter 8 move, the cutter 7 cuts the large piece of fertilizer to move to the middle line position, the material taking cutter 8 further moves the fertilizer to the middle line position, the fertilizer is cut by the combined action of the two, and the fertilizer is distributed in a strip shape at the front part of the bottom plate 18. The spiral material gathering mechanisms on the two sides can also work selectively according to actual conditions, so that the fertilizer can enter more conveniently.

The invention realizes the feeding and taking work of the fertilizer which is in strip shape or irregularly distributed or has large fertilizer blocks, and in the working process, the uniform chopping before the feeding is realized, the fertilizer on two sides is not left, the feeding is more uniform, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor demand is reduced, and the use and industrial development of the organic fertilizer are promoted.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference signs in the claims are not intended to be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.