阅读说明：本技术 轨道车辆驾驶室地板隔音方法及地板结构及其安装方法 (Sound insulation method for railway vehicle cab floor, floor structure and installation method thereof ) 是由 周洲 查国涛 颜渊巍 王明星 林立钿 张虎 王宇鹏 于 2020-06-23 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种轨道车辆驾驶室地板隔音方法及地板结构及其安装方法：通过在地板与车架之间设置减振垫来形成隔空层,利用声音的反射原理来减少向驾驶室传导的噪音；同时通过采用由面板与芯材组成的三明治结构的酚醛发泡夹芯地板制作的整体式地板,进一步减少驾驶室地板的振动和噪音,提高隔音效果,与传统地板相比噪音降低3dB以上,提高了驾驶室的舒适性。(The invention relates to a sound insulation method for a floor of a cab of a railway vehicle, a floor structure and an installation method thereof, wherein the sound insulation method comprises the following steps: a vibration damping pad is arranged between the floor and the frame to form a spacing layer, and the noise transmitted to the cab is reduced by utilizing the reflection principle of sound; meanwhile, the integral floor made of the phenolic foam sandwich floor with the sandwich structure consisting of the panel and the core material is adopted, so that the vibration and noise of the floor of the cab are further reduced, the sound insulation effect is improved, compared with the traditional floor, the noise is reduced by more than 3dB, and the comfort of the cab is improved.)

1. A sound insulation method for a railway vehicle cab floor is characterized in that: the noise transmitted to the cab is reduced by utilizing the reflection principle of sound, so that the sound insulation effect of the cab is improved.

2. The method of sound insulating a railway vehicle cab floor according to claim 1, wherein: a base plate (3) is fixedly arranged on the frame (4), and a spacing layer (6) is arranged between the floor (1) and the base plate (3) to reflect noise conducted to a cab.

3. The method of sound insulating a railway vehicle cab floor of claim 2, wherein: the isolation of the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3) is realized by arranging a blocking sound bridge between the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3).

4. The method of sound insulating a railway vehicle cab floor of claim 3, wherein: the damping pad (2) is used for blocking the acoustic bridge, so that the floor (1) is isolated from the bottom plate (3).

5. The method of sound insulating a railway vehicle cab floor according to claim 4, wherein: a sound absorption material (8) is arranged under the bottom plate (3).

6. The floor structure of a method of sound insulation of a railway vehicle cab floor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a floor (1), a floor plate (3) and a frame (4), the floor plate (3) being fixed to the frame (4), characterized in that: the floor (1) is arranged on the bottom plate (3), and a spacing layer (6) is arranged between the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3).

7. The floor structure according to claim 6, wherein: a damping pad (2) is arranged between the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3), and the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3) are isolated by the damping pad (2) to form an isolation layer (6).

8. The floor structure according to claim 7, wherein: the floor (1) and the bottom plate (3) are phenolic foam sandwich floors which adopt a sandwich structure formed by panels and core materials.

9. The floor structure of claim 8, wherein: a hanging plate (7) is arranged below the bottom plate (3), and the bottom plate (3) and the hanging plate (7) are filled with sound absorption materials (8).

10. The method of installing a floor structure according to claim 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, a hanging plate (7) is connected to a frame (4) below a cab through a screw;

s2: adhering a sound absorption material (8) with gum on the upper surface of the hanging plate (7), and filling a gap between the frame (4) below the cab and the hanging plate (7);

s3: the bottom plate (3) is arranged on a frame (4) under a cab in a gluing or self-tapping screw mode, and sealant is applied to the periphery of the bottom plate (3) contacted with the frame (4);

s4: bonding the vibration damping pad (2) on the bottom plate (3) through back adhesive at a distance of 200-500 mm to form a grid-shaped pavement;

s5: laying the floor (1) on the vibration damping pad (2), splicing the floor on the vibration damping pad (2), connecting the floor through a screw (5), and applying sealant on the periphery of the floor (1) contacted with the frame (4);

s6: floor leather is adhered to the floor (1).

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway vehicles, in particular to a sound insulation method for a floor of a cab of a railway vehicle, a floor structure and an installation method of the floor structure.

Background

With the rapid development of rail vehicles, people have made higher demands on the control, heat insulation and flame retardant performance of the noise inside the vehicles. And for the floor in the cab, the performances such as flame retardance, environmental protection, sound insulation, moisture resistance and the like are improved, a more comfortable and safer environment can be provided for the cab, and the trend of the development of the interior trim of the cab of the railway vehicle is formed.

At present, traditional rail vehicle's floor adopts plywood structure or aluminium honeycomb sandwich structure, and this kind of floor is to high-speed rail vehicle who moves, the produced noise of isolated bottom of car body vibration that can not be fine, and humidity resistance is relatively poor moreover, receives the erosion of moisture and moisture easily, produces to peel off and warp the phenomenon. In addition, the single-layer floor directly bonded with the vehicle body framework is difficult to block the noise transmitted to the cab by the vehicle body vibration. Therefore, there is much room for improvement in the floor of the rail car, particularly in the floor of the cab.

Through patent retrieval, the following patents mainly exist, which have a certain relationship with the invention:

1. the invention relates to a railway vehicle sound insulation composite floor, which is a Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201310145594.0, the application date of 2013.04.24, the publication number of CN 103661452A and the publication date of 2014.03.26, the name of the railway vehicle sound insulation composite floor and the application name of Nanche Qingdao tetragonal locomotive vehicle GmbH, and comprises an upper layer of metal panels and a lower layer of metal panels, wherein the peripheries of the metal panels are provided with a circumferential frame, and alder core materials are filled between the two layers of metal panels and the circumferential frame. The sound insulation quantity is greatly improved by optimizing the core material, the structure and the skin, the alder core material is adopted as the core material, the surface density is low, the sound insulation quantity is good, and the sound insulation composite floor has good physical and chemical properties and greatly prolongs the service life after being applied to a composite floor structure. The skin adopts the aluminum panel, and the quality is light, has good syllable-dividing effect.

2. The invention relates to a Chinese invention patent with the application number of '201810953234.6', the application date of '2018.08.21', the publication number of 'CN 108995668A', the publication number of '2018.12.14', the name of 'an area integrated built-in floor', and the application name of 'Zhongche Nanjing Pu Town vehicle Co., Ltd', the invention relates to an area integrated built-in floor, which comprises a supporting framework, a heat insulating material filled between the supporting framework and a floor fixed above the supporting framework, wherein in the area of a bogie, the bottom of the supporting framework is provided with a damping and shock absorption aluminum foil, and the back of the floor is stuck with a sound insulation backing plate; in the passenger compartment area, the floor is fixed with the seat mounting chute, the seat mounting chute is positioned above and fixed with the support framework, and the backing plate is arranged below the support framework. The invention provides a new regionalized integrated design concept for the design of vehicle floors of railway carriages, motor trains and the like, takes the performances of floor bearing capacity, sound insulation, heat insulation, service life, comfort and the like into consideration, and selects different regionalized designs of integration modes aiming at different regions of the whole vehicle.

3. The invention discloses a railway vehicle cab floor and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the Chinese invention patent with the application number of 201810415411.5, the application date of 2018.05.03, the publication number of CN 108454641A and the publication date of 2018.08.28, namely a railway vehicle cab floor and a manufacturing method thereof and the application person of China, namely a 'institute of electric locomotives in Zhongzhui province', wherein the invention patent comprises floor leather, an upper panel, a moisture-proof flame-retardant soundproof layer and a lower panel which are sequentially connected by gluing from top to bottom, and is characterized in that the thickness of the cab floor is 15-18 mm, the thickness of the floor leather is 1-2 mm, the thicknesses of the upper panel and the lower panel are both 0.5-2 mm, and embedded metal parts corresponding to installation equipment on the cab floor are arranged in the moisture-proof flame-retardant soundproof. The floor has the functions of sound insulation, environmental protection, flame retardance and moisture prevention, the rigidity of the floor at the position of installation equipment is increased, the floor is prevented from deforming or being damaged due to large load at the position of the installation equipment, and the service life of the floor is prolonged

4. The utility model discloses an application number is "201620532213.3", application date is "2016.06.06", the publication number is "CN 205819204U", the publication date is "2016.12.21", the name is "the built-in sound insulation floor of rail vehicle", the applicant is for "precious person should county with creating metal products limited company", this utility model discloses an interior sound insulation floor of rail vehicle, including the floor body, the floor body comprises floor top layer, floor bottom, veneer sheet layer and puigging, be equipped with the veneer sheet layer between floor top layer and the floor bottom, it does not be equipped with the puigging to divide equally on the upper and lower surface on veneer sheet layer, the both ends of floor body are equidistant three steel groove that is equipped with respectively, the one end of floor body be equipped with steel groove fixed connection's dop, and the other end of floor body be equipped with steel groove fixed connection's draw-in groove, dop and draw-in groove phase-match. The utility model discloses a vibrations and sound that produce the train through being equipped with the puigging carry out the separation to reach very good syllable-dividing effect, still be equipped with dop and draw-in groove through the both ends on floor, make this sound insulation floor convenient and fast more when fixed connection in rail vehicle.

The above patents all use multilayer composite materials to reduce vibration and insulate sound, and the effect is not ideal enough.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for overcoming the defects in the prior art, which comprises the following steps: a sound insulation method for a railway vehicle cab floor adopting a separation layer, a floor structure and an installation method thereof.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a sound insulation method for a floor of a cab of a railway vehicle is used for reducing noise transmitted to the cab by utilizing the reflection principle of sound so as to improve the sound insulation effect of the cab.

Furthermore, a bottom plate is fixedly arranged on the frame, and a spacing layer is arranged between the floor and the bottom plate to reflect noise conducted to the cab.

Furthermore, the floor and the bottom plate are isolated by arranging the blocking acoustic bridge between the floor and the bottom plate, so that an isolation layer is formed.

Furthermore, the vibration damping pad is used for blocking the sound bridge, so that the floor and the bottom plate are isolated, and the sound insulation effect is improved.

Further, sound absorption materials are arranged below the bottom plate, so that the sound insulation effect is further improved.

The invention also relates to a floor structure according to the sound insulation method, which comprises a floor, a bottom plate and a frame, wherein the bottom plate is fixed on the frame, the floor is arranged on the bottom plate, a spacing layer is arranged between the floor and the bottom plate, and the acoustic impedance is greatly increased by arranging the spacing layer so as to increase the sound insulation effect.

Further, a vibration damping pad is disposed between the floor panel and the floor panel, and the floor panel is isolated from the floor panel by the vibration damping pad to form an isolated layer.

Furthermore, the floor and the bottom plate are phenolic aldehyde foaming sandwich floors, and the phenolic aldehyde foaming sandwich floors adopt a sandwich structure formed by panels and core materials so as to increase the sound insulation effect.

Furthermore, a hanging plate is arranged below the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the hanging plate are filled with sound absorption materials to absorb noise.

The invention also relates to a method for installing the floor structure, which comprises the following steps:

s1: firstly, connecting a hanging plate on a frame below a cab through a screw;

s2: adhering a sound absorption material with gum on the upper surface of the hanging plate, and filling a gap between the frame below the cab and the hanging plate;

s3: mounting a bottom plate on a frame below a cab in a gluing or self-tapping screw mode, and applying sealant on the periphery of the bottom plate, which is in contact with the frame;

s4: bonding the vibration damping pad on the bottom plate through back glue, wherein the distance is 200-500 mm, and the vibration damping pad is laid in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian';

s5: laying the floor on a vibration damping pad, splicing the floor on the vibration damping pad, connecting the floor with the vibration damping pad through screws, and applying sealant on the periphery of the floor, which is in contact with the frame;

s6: and (4) adhering floor leather on the floor.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a vibration damping pad is arranged between the floor and the frame to form a spacing layer, and the noise transmitted to the cab is reduced by utilizing the reflection principle of sound; simultaneously through adopting silicon rubber foaming damping pad and adopting phenolic aldehyde foaming floor, further reduce driver's cabin floor's vibration and noise, improve the syllable-dividing effect, compare noise reduction more than 3dB with traditional floor, improved the travelling comfort of driver's cabin.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment,

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the second embodiment,

in the figure: 1-floor, 2-damping pad, 3-bottom plate, 4-frame, 5-screw, 6-spacing layer, 7-hanger plate, 8-sound-absorbing material.

Detailed Description

When the sound meets the interface formed by objects with different densities in the transmission process, the reflection effect is generated, and part of the sound is reflected back. Therefore, the spacing layer 6 is arranged between the floor 1 and the frame 4 of the cab of the railway vehicle, and the noise transmitted to the floor 1 by the frame 4 is reflected, so that the noise transmitted to the cab is reduced, the sound insulation effect of the cab is improved, and the comfort of the cab is improved.

The invention is further described by the following specific embodiments in conjunction with the attached drawings: