阅读说明：本技术 一种抗冲击性强的圆柱齿轮加工方法 (Cylindrical gear machining method with high impact resistance ) 是由 宇伟 于 2020-05-29 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及齿轮领域,具体是一种抗冲击性强的圆柱齿轮加工方法,包括以下步骤,S1,原料预处理:根据圆柱齿轮所需形状从整批材料中取下相应形状且质量较好的圆柱齿轮原材料；S2,原材料锻造：将圆柱齿轮原材料通过锻造机改煅成圆柱齿轮毛坯锻件,并使用超声波探测仪探测圆柱齿轮毛坯锻件；S3,正火处理：将圆柱齿轮毛坯锻件放入加热炉进行加热,保温一段时间后,从加热炉取出锻件进行冷却。本发明的圆柱齿轮毛坯锻件在加热冷却后进行回火,能够消除正火冷却时产生的应力,提高圆柱齿轮毛坯锻件韧性和塑性,采用20CrMnTi低碳合金钢经渗碳淬火处理,具有良好的韧性,能够承受冲击载荷而不至于轮齿断裂,具有较高的强度,良好的加工性。(The invention relates to the field of gears, in particular to a cylindrical gear processing method with strong impact resistance, which comprises the following steps of S1, preprocessing raw materials, namely taking cylindrical gear raw materials with corresponding shapes and better quality from a whole batch of materials according to the shapes required by the cylindrical gears; s2, forging raw materials: forging the cylindrical gear raw material into a cylindrical gear blank forging by a forging machine, and detecting the cylindrical gear blank forging by using an ultrasonic detector; s3, normalizing: and (3) putting the cylindrical gear blank forging into a heating furnace for heating, keeping the temperature for a period of time, and taking out the forging from the heating furnace for cooling. The cylindrical gear blank forging piece is tempered after being heated and cooled, stress generated during normalizing and cooling can be eliminated, toughness and plasticity of the cylindrical gear blank forging piece are improved, 20CrMnTi low-carbon alloy steel is adopted to be subjected to carburizing and quenching treatment, the toughness is good, impact load can be borne, gear teeth cannot be broken, and the cylindrical gear blank forging piece has high strength and good processability.)

1. A processing method of a cylindrical gear with strong impact resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,

s1, preprocessing raw materials, namely taking out cylindrical gear raw materials with corresponding shapes and better quality from the whole batch of materials according to the shapes required by the cylindrical gears;

s2, forging raw materials: forging the cylindrical gear raw material into a cylindrical gear blank forging by a forging machine, and detecting the cylindrical gear blank forging by using an ultrasonic detector;

s3, normalizing: putting the cylindrical gear blank forging into a heating furnace for heating, keeping the temperature for a period of time, taking out the forging from the heating furnace for cooling, and performing high-temperature tempering after cooling to obtain a cylindrical gear pretreatment piece;

s4, carburizing: putting the cylindrical gear pretreatment piece into a carburizing medium, and heating to a certain temperature to obtain a cylindrical gear rough machining piece;

s5, rough machining: putting the outer circle and the end face of the carburized cylindrical gear rough-machined part into a common machining lathe for rough machining, and performing heat treatment on the cylindrical gear rough-machined part again;

s6, making teeth: performing hobbing processing on the cylindrical gear finish machining piece by using a hobbing machine to obtain a hobbing cylindrical gear machining piece;

s7, grinding tooth surface: grinding the surface of the cylindrical gear workpiece by using a grinding machine;

s8, drilling treatment and inspection: and (5) placing the cylindrical gear into a drilling machine for drilling, and finally carrying out finished product inspection.

2. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step S2, detecting the cylindrical gear blank forged piece by using an ultrasonic detector, detecting whether the cylindrical gear blank forged piece has cracks, and selecting and using the cylindrical gear blank forged piece without cracks.

3. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the cylindrical gear blank forging is placed into a heating furnace for heating, the temperature in the heating furnace is 840-900 ℃, and the tempering temperature is controlled to be 550-650 ℃.

4. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, the cylindrical gear pretreatment piece is placed in a carburizing medium, the heating temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the carburizing steel material is 20CrMnTi or medium carbon alloy steel.

5. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and in the step S5, performing heat treatment on the cylindrical gear rough machining part again, quenching the cylindrical gear rough machining part, and reserving 3-5 mm of allowance, so that the cylindrical gear rough machining part is convenient to finish turning and machining the specified size.

6. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S6, a hobbing machine is adopted to perform hobbing treatment on a cylindrical gear finish-machined part, when the hobbing machine is used, a gear hob is used for machining the cylindrical gear on the hobbing machine, the hob is meshed with the cylindrical gear to be machined, hobbing is performed continuously, and the cutting speed is 40-70 m/min.

7. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S6, performing hobbing processing on the cylindrical gear finish machining piece by using a hobbing machine, wherein the hobbing processing is performed on the cylindrical gear finish machining piece.

8. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S7, the grinding machine is used to grind the surface of the cylindrical gear workpiece, the rotation speed of the grinding tool of the grinding machine is 300-.

9. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S8, the cylindrical gear is placed in a drilling machine for drilling, and the rotation speed of the drilling machine is 500 and 900 rpm.

10. The method for processing a cylindrical gear with high impact resistance according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S8, inspecting the finished cylindrical gear product, inspecting whether the surface of the finished product has bumps, burrs, scratches and the like by using a roughness meter, and testing the impact strength of the finished cylindrical gear product on an impact testing machine with a punch.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of gears, in particular to a method for processing a cylindrical gear with strong impact resistance.

Background

The gear is an important part for transmitting motion and power, most of the machines use the gear at present, the commonly used gears comprise a cylindrical gear, a conical gear, a worm gear and the like, the cylindrical gear is widely applied, the cylindrical gear is an important gear type in the mechanical gear, and is the most common gear type, and the cylindrical gear can be divided into a straight-tooth cylindrical gear, a helical gear and a herringbone-tooth cylindrical gear according to the direction of gear teeth.

In the roller gear course of working, roller gear blank forging is cooling after heating, does not temper, causes toughness to reduce, and the alloy steel abrasive resistance who chooses for use is relatively poor, and shock resistance is weak, can't bear impact load and lead to the teeth of a cogwheel fracture, and roller gear's forging is before normalizing treatment, does not detect, leads to roller gear yield low, consequently needs urgent research and development a roller gear processing method that shock resistance is strong.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for processing a cylindrical gear with strong impact resistance, which aims to solve the problems that the blank forging of the cylindrical gear, which is provided in the background art, is cooled after being heated, and is not tempered, so that the toughness is reduced, the selected alloy steel has poor wear resistance and weak impact resistance, cannot bear impact load, so that gear teeth are fractured, and the yield of the cylindrical gear is low because the forging of the cylindrical gear is not detected before normalizing treatment.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a processing method of a cylindrical gear with strong impact resistance comprises the following steps,

s1, preprocessing raw materials, namely taking out cylindrical gear raw materials with corresponding shapes and better quality from the whole batch of materials according to the shapes required by the cylindrical gears;

s2, forging raw materials: forging the cylindrical gear raw material into a cylindrical gear blank forging by a forging machine, and detecting the cylindrical gear blank forging by using an ultrasonic detector;

s3, normalizing: putting the cylindrical gear blank forging into a heating furnace for heating, keeping the temperature for a period of time, taking out the forging from the heating furnace for cooling, and performing high-temperature tempering after cooling to obtain a cylindrical gear pretreatment piece;

s4, carburizing: putting the cylindrical gear pretreatment piece into a carburizing medium, and heating to a certain temperature to obtain a cylindrical gear rough machining piece;

s5, rough machining: putting the outer circle and the end face of the carburized cylindrical gear rough-machined part into a common machining lathe for rough machining, and performing heat treatment on the cylindrical gear rough-machined part again;

s6, making teeth: performing hobbing processing on the cylindrical gear finish machining piece by using a hobbing machine to obtain a hobbing cylindrical gear machining piece;

s7, grinding tooth surface: grinding the surface of the cylindrical gear workpiece by using a grinding machine;

s8, drilling treatment and inspection: and (5) placing the cylindrical gear into a drilling machine for drilling, and finally carrying out finished product inspection.

Further, in S2, the ultrasonic detector is used to detect the blank forged piece of the cylindrical gear, detect whether there is a crack in the blank forged piece of the cylindrical gear, and select and use the blank forged piece of the cylindrical gear without crack.

Further, in the step S3, the cylindrical gear blank forging is placed into a heating furnace for heating, the temperature in the heating furnace is 840-900 ℃, and the tempering temperature is controlled at 550-650 ℃.

Further, in S4, the cylindrical gear pretreatment piece is placed in a carburizing medium, the heating temperature is 900-950 ℃, and the carburizing steel material is 20CrMnTi or medium carbon alloy steel.

Further, in the step S5, the cylindrical gear rough-machined part is subjected to heat treatment again, and is quenched with a 3-5 mm allowance, so that the cylindrical gear rough-machined part is convenient to finish-machine into a specified size.

Further, in S6, the gear hobbing machine is used to process the cylindrical gear on the gear hobbing machine, and the hobbing machine is engaged with the cylindrical gear to be cut, and the gear hobbing is performed continuously at a cutting speed of 40-70 m/min.

Further, in S6, the gear hobbing machine is used to perform gear hobbing on the cylindrical gear finish piece, and during the gear hobbing process of the cylindrical gear finish piece.

Further, in the step S7, the grinding machine is used to grind the surface of the cylindrical gear workpiece, the rotating speed of the grinding tool of the grinding machine is 300-500 rpm, and the surface roughness of the cylindrical gear is 0.75-0.16 μm.

Further, in the step S8, the cylindrical gear is placed in a drilling machine for drilling, and the rotation speed of the drilling machine is 500 and 900 rpm.

Further, in S8, a cylindrical gear finished product is inspected, a roughness meter is used to inspect whether bumps, burrs, scratches, etc. exist on the surface of the finished product, and the impact strength of the cylindrical gear finished product is tested on an impact tester with a punch.

The invention provides a cylindrical gear processing method with strong impact resistance by improvement, compared with the prior art, the cylindrical gear processing method has the following improvements and advantages:

tempering the cylindrical gear blank forging after heating and cooling, eliminating stress generated during normalizing and cooling, and improving toughness and plasticity; the 20CrMnTi low-carbon alloy steel is subjected to carburizing and quenching treatment, a brittle hard layer can be formed on the outer surface of the gear teeth to improve the wear resistance of the gear teeth, the toughness is good, impact load can be borne without the breakage of the gear teeth, and the 20CrMnTi low-carbon alloy steel is carburized steel and has higher strength and toughness and good processability under the condition of ensuring through quenching; the sound wave detector detects the cylindrical gear, so that the yield of the cylindrical gear is increased, and the finished product can be selected out by detecting the finished product.

Drawings

The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples:

FIG. 1 is a first flow chart of the process of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the processing method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 2, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The invention provides a cylindrical gear processing method with strong impact resistance by improving, as shown in figures 1-2,