阅读说明：本技术 一种基于光谱在线监测的高质量激光骨加工方法 (High-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring ) 是由 管迎春 卢立斌 于 2020-01-08 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种基于光谱在线监测的高质量激光骨加工方法,光谱仪监测信号通过工控机与激光控制器形成闭环控制,可实时监测骨加工深度并在线调整激光加工工艺参数,实现高质量激光骨加工。方法为：对骨样品做预处理放置于加工平台；设置初始激光加工工艺参数,开始对骨样品进行加工；在线监测骨加工过程中的光谱信号,并依据光谱信号特征实时判断加工物质并优化激光加工工艺参数,直至加工结束。本发明通对激光骨加工过程中产生的等离子体羽流进行在线监测,以获得等离子体的发射光谱及其热动力学属性为基础,实现对骨加工过程中加工物质的在线监测,避免损伤骨内软组织,实现临床安全可控、高精度、高质量激光骨加工的目的。(The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring.A spectrometer monitoring signal forms closed-loop control through an industrial personal computer and a laser controller, and can monitor the bone processing depth in real time and adjust laser processing technological parameters on line to realize high-quality laser bone processing. The method comprises the following steps: pretreating a bone sample and placing the bone sample on a processing platform; setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing a bone sample; and monitoring spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished. The invention realizes the on-line monitoring of the processing material in the bone processing process, avoids damaging soft tissues in the bone and realizes the purposes of safe and controllable clinic, high precision and high quality laser bone processing on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma.)

1. A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:

step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;

setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.

And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.

2. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser processing system in the step one comprises a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample table, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.

3. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the laser processing system in the step one, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and is input into the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits the analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits the control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change the laser parameter.

4. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.

5. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the laser processing parameters in the step two include laser wavelength 193- > 2940nm, power of 1-100W, repetition frequency of 1KHz-10MHz, and galvanometer scanning speed of 500- > 4000 mm/s.

6. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spectral signal in the third step includes collecting a plasma signal generated in the laser processing process by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.

7. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.

8. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the on-line monitoring in the third step comprises the steps of obtaining real-time data of the laser processing substance through the plasma emission spectrum, the thermodynamic property of the plasma emission spectrum and the spectrum integral intensity, and feeding the real-time data back to the industrial personal computer.

9. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time, and the laser process parameters comprise a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer, a laser controller and a laser which are controlled by adopting a closed-loop PID.

10. The method for processing high-quality laser bone based on spectrum on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and step three, optimizing laser process parameters in real time, wherein the laser adjusting parameters comprise laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.

Technical Field

The invention relates to application of the technical field of laser processing in orthopedics, in particular to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectral monitoring.

Background

In many medical applications, bones of humans or animals are cut or drilled for different purposes. For example, to correct the shape of a bone, it is known to apply one or more cuts to the bone and reshape the bone along the cut. In order to treat various fractures, it is common practice to cut soft tissues of the affected part, drill one or more bone holes on the bone according to the specific condition of the fracture, and then fix the bone with professional medical instruments such as bone nails, compression plates or external fixation brackets. However, in the current bone drilling process, the operation is basically performed manually by a doctor, and the operation process is judged subjectively. In the drilling process, the electric drill can pass through the stereoplasm bone, the cancellous bone of skeleton in proper order and pass to the stereoplasm bone again, has the process of grow again from the size in the dynamics, and the doctor judges the electric drill depth of arrival through feeling dynamics change circumstances. The laser bone processing provides a non-mechanical contact type bone processing scheme, the processing precision is high, and mechanical damage is basically avoided. However, in the laser processing process, the processing depth is judged subjectively, the subjective factor is too large, the sizes of bones of different people are different, the controllability of the processing depth is low, the processing depth is too deep, bone marrow, blood vessels, nerves, muscles and the like are damaged, and the subsequent operation is influenced.

Therefore, the plasma plume generated in the laser bone processing process is monitored on line, and the processing substance is monitored on line in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. When the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, soft tissues in bones are prevented from being damaged, and the laser bone processing with clinical safety, controllability, high precision and high quality is realized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum online monitoring. Plasma signals generated in the laser bone processing process are collected by a collimator and output to a spectrometer through an optical fiber for analysis, and on the basis of obtaining an emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties of the plasma, the online monitoring of processing substances in the laser bone processing process is realized. The spectrometer forms closed-loop control through the industrial personal computer and the laser controller, and when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, the laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, thereby avoiding damaging soft tissues in bones and realizing safe and controllable clinical, high-precision and high-quality laser bone processing. .

A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:

step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;

setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.

And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.

Preferably, the laser processing system in the first step includes a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample stage, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.

Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and input to the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits an analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits a control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change laser parameters in real time.

Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.

Preferably, the laser processing parameters in the step two include a laser wavelength of 193-.

Preferably, the spectral signal in step three includes collecting a plasma signal generated during the laser processing by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.

Preferably, the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.

Preferably, the online monitoring in the third step includes obtaining real-time data of the laser processing material through the plasma emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties and spectrum integral intensity thereof and feeding back the real-time data to the industrial personal computer.

Preferably, the real-time optimization of the laser process parameters in the third step includes that the spectrometer, the industrial personal computer, the laser controller and the laser are controlled by closed-loop PID.

Preferably, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time in the third step, and the laser adjustment parameters include laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.

The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring, which adopts a spectrometer to perform on-line monitoring on plasma plumes generated in the laser bone processing process, and realizes the on-line monitoring on processing substances in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. The spectrometer forms closed-loop control through the industrial personal computer and the laser controller, and when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, the laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, thereby avoiding damaging soft tissues in bones and realizing safe and controllable clinical, high-precision and high-quality laser bone processing. Compared with the traditional mechanical bone processing method, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) the invention can realize the on-line monitoring of the processing material in the laser bone processing process, greatly reduce the damage to the tissues around the bone in the bone processing process and improve the laser bone processing quality and efficiency;

(2) the method is based on the on-line monitoring of plasma spectrum signals generated in the laser bone processing process, forms closed-loop control with a laser controller, and can automatically adjust laser parameters in real time according to different bone processing substances of the laser.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a laser bone machining apparatus based on spectral monitoring according to the present invention; wherein: the device comprises a scanning galvanometer 1, a laser 2, a laser controller 3, an industrial personal computer 4, a spectrometer 5, a collimator 6, a plasma 7, a bone 8 and a sample table 9, wherein the plasma is generated in the bone processing process.

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a monitoring and control method provided by the present invention;

FIG. 3 corresponding spectra of different processing substances during laser bone processing

Fig. 4 is a graph of laser bone processing effect optimized by on-line monitoring feedback of the presence/absence of a spectrum.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention is more clearly and clearly defined. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

A high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring comprises the following steps:

step one, placing a bone sample in a laser processing system;

setting initial laser processing technological parameters and starting processing the bone sample.

And step three, monitoring the spectral signals in the bone processing process on line, judging laser processing substances in real time according to the characteristics of the spectral signals, and optimizing laser processing technological parameters until the processing is finished.

Preferably, the laser processing system in the first step includes a laser, a laser control system, a galvanometer, a sample stage, a collimator, a spectrometer, an industrial personal computer and a light path transmission system.

Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the plasma signal is collected by the collimator and input to the spectrometer for analysis through the optical fiber, the spectrometer transmits an analysis result to the industrial personal computer through the data transmission line, and the industrial personal computer transmits a control instruction to the laser control system through the data transmission line to change laser parameters.

Preferably, in the laser processing system in the first step, the laser is a femtosecond laser, a picosecond laser or a nanosecond laser.

Preferably, the laser processing parameters in the step two include a laser wavelength of 193-.

Preferably, the spectral signal in step three includes collecting a plasma signal generated during the laser processing by using a collimator. The collected spectrum signals are analyzed and monitored on line by using a spectrometer.

Preferably, the spectral signal characteristics described in step three include emission spectral lines and spectral integrated intensities.

Preferably, the online monitoring in the third step includes obtaining real-time data of the laser processing material through the plasma emission spectrum and thermodynamic properties and spectrum integral intensity thereof and feeding back the real-time data to the industrial personal computer.

Preferably, the real-time optimization of the laser process parameters in the third step includes that the spectrometer, the industrial personal computer, the laser controller and the laser are controlled by closed-loop PID.

Preferably, the laser process parameters are optimized in real time in the third step, and the laser adjustment parameters include laser power, repetition frequency and scanning speed.

The invention relates to a high-quality laser bone processing method based on spectrum on-line monitoring, which adopts a spectrometer to perform on-line monitoring on plasma plumes generated in the laser bone processing process, and realizes the on-line monitoring on processing substances in the laser bone processing process on the basis of obtaining the emission spectrum and the thermodynamic property of the plasma. The spectrometer and the laser controller form closed-loop control, when the bone processing depth does not meet the requirements or processing defects occur, laser processing parameters are automatically adjusted, soft tissues in bones are prevented from being damaged, and the laser bone processing with clinical safety, controllability, high precision and high quality is realized.