阅读说明：本技术 一种头花蓼的提取方法 (Extraction method of polygonum capitatum ) 是由 梁杰 龙凤荣 彭志彪 孙敏 施辉军 于 2020-03-27 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明公开了一种头花蓼的提取方法,包括如下步骤：(1)取头花蓼干品,切断,加入7倍量的水,加热至沸腾,煎煮1-2h,过滤得滤液A；(2)向步骤(1)的滤渣中加入6倍量的水,加热至沸腾,煎煮1-2h,过滤得滤液B；(3)将滤液A和滤液B合并,浓缩至密度为0.4-0.8,然后冷却至室温,得药液C；(4)向药液C中加入乙醇,搅拌均匀,密闭冷藏20-40h,然后取出过滤,得滤液D；(5)将滤液D加热浓缩,得提取物浸膏,并回收乙醇。本发明具有头花蓼提取物纯度高,且处理成本相对较低,有效成分流失少的特点。(The invention discloses a method for extracting polygonum capitatum, which comprises the following steps: (1) cutting dry herba Polygoni Capitati, adding 7 times of water, heating to boil, decocting for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate A; (2) adding 6 times of water into the filter residue obtained in the step (1), heating to boil, decocting for 1-2h, and filtering to obtain filtrate B; (3) mixing the filtrate A and B, concentrating to density of 0.4-0.8, and cooling to room temperature to obtain medicinal liquid C; (4) adding ethanol into the liquid medicine C, stirring uniformly, refrigerating for 20-40h in a sealed manner, taking out, and filtering to obtain filtrate D; (5) heating and concentrating the filtrate D to obtain extract, and recovering ethanol. The method has the characteristics of high purity of the polygonum capitatum extract, relatively low treatment cost and less loss of effective components.)

1. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) cutting dry herba Polygoni Capitati, adding 7 times of water, heating to boil, decocting for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate A;

(2) adding 6 times of water into the filter residue obtained in the step (1), heating to boil, decocting for 1-2h, and filtering to obtain filtrate B;

(3) mixing the filtrate A and B, concentrating to density of 0.4-0.8, and cooling to room temperature to obtain medicinal liquid C;

(4) adding ethanol into the liquid medicine C, stirring uniformly, refrigerating for 20-40h in a sealed manner, taking out, and filtering to obtain filtrate D;

(5) heating and concentrating the filtrate D to obtain extract, and recovering ethanol.

2. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the decocting time in the step (1) is 1.5 h.

3. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the decocting time in the step (2) is 1.5 h.

4. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) concentrating to obtain the concentrate with the density of 0.6.

5. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) adding the ethanol for 2 times, wherein the concentration of the ethanol in the liquid medicine is 50-60% in the first time of adding, and the concentration of the ethanol in the liquid medicine is 70-78% in the second time of adding.

6. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first addition of ethanol is before refrigeration and the second addition is at half the time of refrigeration.

7. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 5, characterized in that: the first time of adding the above-mentioned materials, the concentration of alcohol in the liquid medicine is 55%, and the second time of adding the above-mentioned materials, the concentration of alcohol in the liquid medicine is 74%.

8. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (4) the refrigerating time in the step (4) is 30 hours, and the refrigerating temperature is 8 ℃ below zero to 2 ℃ below zero.

9. The extraction method of polygonum capitatum according to claim 1, characterized in that: the density of the extract in the step (5) is 1.1-1.25, and the temperature is 80-85 ℃.

Technical Field

The invention relates to a method for extracting Chinese herbal medicines, in particular to a method for extracting polygonum capitatum.

Background

Polygonum capitatum (scientific name: Polygonum capitatum Buch. -ham.exD.Don) is a perennial herb of Polygonum of Polygonaceae. Stem creeping, fasciculation, node rooting, internode shorter than leaf, glandular or nearly unhairing, leaf oval or ellipse, apical tip, wedge-shaped base, two-sided unhairing glandular, leaf sheath cylinder, membranous, loose, apical truncated, and peripherical hair. Inflorescence head-shaped, single generation or paired generation, apical generation; inflorescence peduncle has glandular hair; the bract is long-oval and membranous; the flower stalk is extremely short; the flower quilt is light red, the flower quilt sheet is elliptical, the lean fruit is long oval, black brown and slightly glossy, and the flower quilt is wrapped in the existing flower quilt, blooms in 6-9 months, and fruits are grown in 8-10 months.

The effective components of the polygonum capitatum mainly comprise flavonoids, phenolic acids, organic acids and the like, and the polygonum capitatum has the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, inducing diuresis and treating stranguria and the like. At present, the application of polygonum capitatum is mainly to extract effective components in polygonum capitatum for use as a medicine.

At present, the existing Chinese herbal medicine extraction process is basically water extraction or alcohol extraction, the process is very simple, for example, the water extraction process is only to decoct the Chinese herbal medicines with water, and then the filtrate is concentrated to obtain extract, and the requirement on the purity of the extract is very low because the requirement on the content of the components in the Chinese herbal medicine is not too high. In the traditional water extraction process, impurities such as tannin, pigment, protein and the like in the polygonum capitatum can be extracted, and although the components used as the medicine cannot cause more side effects, the purity of the required extract can be reduced, so that the effective medicine components in unit medicine amount are reduced, and the medicine effect is reduced. With the stricter requirements of the traditional Chinese medicine industry on fine processing, how to improve the purity of the Chinese herbal medicine extract becomes a problem which needs to be faced by many enterprises.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an extraction method of polygonum capitatum. The method has the characteristics of high purity of the polygonum capitatum extract, relatively low treatment cost and less loss of effective components.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for extracting polygonum capitatum comprises the following steps:

(1) cutting dry herba Polygoni Capitati, adding 7 times of water, heating to boil, decocting for 1-2 hr, and filtering to obtain filtrate A;

(2) adding 6 times of water into the filter residue obtained in the step (1), heating to boil, decocting for 1-2h, and filtering to obtain filtrate B;

(3) mixing the filtrate A and B, concentrating to density of 0.4-0.8, and cooling to room temperature to obtain medicinal liquid C;

(4) adding ethanol into the liquid medicine C, stirring uniformly, refrigerating for 20-40h in a sealed manner, taking out, and filtering to obtain filtrate D;

(5) heating and concentrating the filtrate D to obtain extract, and recovering ethanol.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the decoction time in the step (1) is 1.5 hours.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the decoction time in the step (2) is 1.5 h.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the concentration in the step (3) is to be concentrated to the density of 0.6.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, ethanol is added in step (4) for 2 times, wherein the ethanol concentration in the liquid medicine is 50-60% during the first addition, and 70-78% during the second addition.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the first addition of ethanol is before refrigeration, and the second addition is when refrigeration is carried out for half of the time.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the ethanol concentration in the liquid medicine is 55% during the first addition, and the ethanol concentration in the liquid medicine is 74% during the second addition.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the refrigeration time in the step (4) is 30 hours, and the refrigeration temperature is 8 ℃ below zero to 2 ℃ below zero.

In the extraction method of polygonum capitatum, the density of the extract in the step (5) is 1.1-1.25, and the temperature is 80-85 ℃.

The invention has the advantages of

According to the invention, on the basis of a traditional water extraction process, by adding ethanol, impurities such as protein and tannin can be removed, and the purity of the polygonum capitatum extract is improved. Meanwhile, the invention adds ethanol to remove impurities after concentrating the liquid medicine to a certain degree, can reduce the addition of ethanol and reduce the cost of removing impurities, and adds ethanol after cooling, can reduce ethanol volatilization and reduce the dosage of ethanol; meanwhile, the invention also avoids the active ingredients from being wrapped in the sediment due to over concentration by reasonably controlling the density of the liquid medicine before impurity removal, thereby avoiding the loss of the active ingredients; in addition, the ethanol is added in several times, and the time and the amount of the two times of adding are strictly controlled, so that different impurities are removed in several times, the impurity removal effect is better, and the purity of the extract is higher; in addition, after the impurities are removed, the ethanol can be recycled through concentration and evaporation, so that the impurity removal cost is further reduced.

Detailed Description

The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

Examples of the invention