阅读说明：本技术 铝合金材料的表面处理方法及其应用 (Surface treatment method of aluminum alloy material and application thereof ) 是由 王理栋 王理磊 张科 黄浩 黄强 于 2019-01-15 设计创作，主要内容包括：本发明涉及一种铝合金材料的表面处理方法及其应用。该处理工艺包括如下步骤：对待处理铝合金材料进行化学抛光处理；在30℃～70℃的温度下,用酸性腐蚀液浸泡所述待处理铝合金材料10s～30s,其中,上述的酸性腐蚀液包括如下组分：35.5g/L～42.6g/L HNO<Sub>3</Sub>、17.25g/L～28.75g/L HF及23.6g/L～35.4g/L HCl；对所述待处理铝合金材料进行阳极氧化处理；对所述待处理铝合金材料进行封孔处理。采用上述铝合金材料的表面处理方法能把铝合金材料表面处理成具有碎花状花纹效果且抗污染、耐腐蚀能力较好的表面。(The invention relates to a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material and application thereof, wherein the treatment process comprises the following steps of carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated, and soaking the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10-30 s at the temperature of 30-70 ℃ by using an acidic corrosive liquid, wherein the acidic corrosive liquid comprises 35.5 g/L-42.6 g/L HNO 3 17.25 g/L-28.75 g/L HF and 23.6 g/L-35.4 g/L HCl, carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated, carrying out hole sealing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated, and adopting the surface of the aluminum alloy materialThe surface of the aluminum alloy material can be processed into a surface with a flower-shaped pattern effect and good pollution resistance and corrosion resistance.)

1. A surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material is characterized by comprising the following steps:

carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated;

soaking the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10-30 s at the temperature of 30-70 ℃ by using an acidic corrosive liquid, wherein the acidic corrosive liquid comprises 35.5 g/L-42.6 g/L HNO₃17.25 g/L-28.75 g/L HF and 23.6 g/L-35.4 g/L HCl;

carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated;

and carrying out hole sealing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated.

2. The method for treating the surface of an aluminum alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the step of subjecting the aluminum alloy material to be treated to chemical polishing comprises subjecting the aluminum alloy material to be treated to chemical polishing with a chemical polishing solution comprising 1000 g/L of phosphoric acid and 240 g/L of sulfuric acid at a temperature of 70 ℃ to 90 ℃ for 10s to 30 s.

3. The method for surface treatment of an aluminum alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the step of anodizing the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises electrolyzing the aluminum alloy material to be treated at room temperature for 30-40 min by using sulfuric acid of 190 g/L-210 g/L as an electrolyte and applying a DC voltage of 8-10V to the anode.

4. The surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material as recited in claim 1, wherein the step of hole sealing the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises: washing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with deionized water, and then heating the aluminum alloy material to be treated in the deionized water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pH value of 6-9 for 25-30 min.

5. The method for surface treatment of an aluminum alloy material as recited in claim 1, further comprising a step of pretreating the aluminum alloy material to be treated before the step of subjecting the aluminum alloy material to chemical polishing treatment.

6. The surface treatment method for an aluminum alloy material according to claim 5, wherein the step of pretreating the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises: and (3) carrying out degreasing and deoiling treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using a deoiling agent at the temperature of 45-65 ℃.

7. The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material as recited in claim 5 or 6, wherein the step of pretreating the aluminum alloy material to be treated further comprises the steps of washing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with NaOH solution with a concentration of 40 g/L-50 g/L, and then washing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with nitric acid with a concentration of 120 g/L-140 g/L.

8. The method for surface treatment of an aluminum alloy material according to claim 1, further comprising a step of dyeing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with an organic dye after the step of subjecting the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated to anodic oxidation treatment and before the step of subjecting the aluminum alloy material to be treated to hole sealing treatment.

9. The method for surface treatment of an aluminum-alloy material according to claim 8, wherein after the step of anodizing the surface of the aluminum-alloy material to be treated and before the step of dyeing the aluminum-alloy material to be treated with an organic dye, the method further comprises a step of cleaning the aluminum-alloy material to be treated with a crack cleaning agent having a concentration of 40 g/L to 60 g/L at room temperature.

10. Use of the surface treatment method for an aluminum alloy material according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for manufacturing an electronic device case.

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of surface processing of metal materials, in particular to a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material and application thereof.

Background

The aluminum alloy material is widely applied to the industries of appearance parts such as automobile manufacturing, mobile phones, computers, watches and the like due to low density, high mechanical strength, strong corrosion resistance and outstanding electric and heat conducting properties. And because the aluminum alloy is easy to recover, the aluminum alloy becomes a green and environment-friendly structural material in the 21 st century.

But the surface of the common aluminum alloy material has monotonous color and luster, and is easy to pollute and corrode.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a surface treatment method for an aluminum alloy material, which can impart a patterned effect to the surface of the aluminum alloy material, and is resistant to contamination and corrosion.

In addition, the application of the surface treatment method is also provided.

A surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material comprises the following steps:

carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated;

soaking the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10-30 s at the temperature of 30-70 ℃ by using an acidic corrosive liquid, wherein the acidic corrosive liquid comprises 35.5 g/L-42.6 g/L HNO₃17.25 g/L-28.75 g/L HF and 23.6 g/L-35.4 g/L HCl;

carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated;

and carrying out hole sealing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated.

In one embodiment, the step of carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises the step of carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10-30 s by using a chemical polishing solution consisting of 1000 g/L phosphoric acid and 240 g/L sulfuric acid at the temperature of 70-90 ℃.

In one embodiment, the step of carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises the step of electrolyzing for 30-40 min by taking 190 g/L-210 g/L of sulfuric acid as an electrolyte and applying 8-10V direct current voltage and taking the aluminum alloy material to be treated as an anode at room temperature.

In one embodiment, the step of sealing the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises: washing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with deionized water, and then heating the aluminum alloy material to be treated in the deionized water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pH value of 6-9 for 25-30 min.

In one embodiment, before the step of performing chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated, a step of performing pretreatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated is further included.

In one embodiment, the step of pretreating the aluminum alloy material to be treated comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out degreasing and deoiling treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using a deoiling agent at the temperature of 45-65 ℃.

In one embodiment, the step of pretreating the aluminum alloy material to be treated further comprises the steps of firstly cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using NaOH solution with the concentration of 40 g/L-50 g/L, and then cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using nitric acid with the concentration of 120 g/L-140 g/L.

In one embodiment, after the step of anodizing the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated and before the step of sealing the hole in the aluminum alloy material to be treated, a step of dyeing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with an organic dye is further included.

In one embodiment, after the step of anodizing the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated and before the step of dyeing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with the organic dye, the method further comprises the step of cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated with a crack cleaning agent with a concentration of 40 g/L-60 g/L at a temperature of 20-40 ℃.

The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material is applied to manufacturing of the electronic equipment shell.

Through the test: the surface of the aluminum alloy material obtained by the surface treatment method has a flower-shaped pattern crushing effect and is good in pollution resistance and corrosion resistance.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a surface treatment method for an aluminum alloy material according to an embodiment.

Detailed Description

To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

In the treatment steps, unless otherwise specified, the treatment is carried out at room temperature, which is 15 ℃ to 40 ℃.

As shown in fig. 1, a surface treatment method of an aluminum alloy material according to an embodiment includes the steps of:

step S110: and (3) carrying out degreasing and deoiling treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using a deoiling agent at the temperature of 45-65 ℃.

Step S110 is to remove the grease, dust and other pollutants on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, so that the subsequent alkali washing is more uniform.

And S120, cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated by NaOH solution with the concentration of 40 g/L-50 g/L, and cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated by nitric acid with the concentration of 120 g/L-140 g/L.

The alkali washing treatment in the step S120 is to corrode a natural oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy, so that a pure metal matrix is exposed and the surface is uniformly conductive; the acid washing treatment in step S120 is to remove impurities insoluble in alkali solution, such as Cu, Fe, and Si, and the alkali washing product in the alkali washing treatment step.

Step S130: and carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated.

Specifically, the step S130 comprises the step of carrying out chemical polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10S to 30S by using a chemical polishing solution consisting of 1000 g/L phosphoric acid (85 mass percent) and 240 g/L sulfuric acid (98 mass percent) at the temperature of 70 ℃ to 90 ℃.

The microscopic protruded portions on the surface can be preferentially dissolved over the depressed portions through the step S130, resulting in a smooth and bright aluminum alloy surface.

Step S140, soaking the aluminum alloy material to be treated for 10 to 30 seconds at the temperature of between 30 and 70 ℃ by using an acidic corrosive liquid, wherein the acidic corrosive liquid comprises 35.5 g/L to 42.6 g/L HNO₃17.25 g/L-28.75 g/L HF and 23.6 g/L-35.4 g/L HCl.

Since the grain boundaries have high free energy and are easily corroded to form grooves, the surface of the aluminum alloy material can have a flower-like pattern effect through the step S140.

Step S150: and carrying out anodic oxidation treatment on the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated.

Specifically, the step S150 comprises the steps of taking 190 g/L-210 g/L of sulfuric acid as electrolyte, adding 8-10V direct current voltage, taking the aluminum alloy material to be treated as an anode, and electrolyzing for 30-40 min at room temperature.

An anodic oxide film may be formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material through step S150, and the flower-like pattern formed through the treatment in step S140 may be further protected.

And S160, cleaning the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using a crack cleaning agent with the concentration of 40 g/L-60 g/L at room temperature.

Step S160 is to remove impurities (mainly residual acid electrolyte) in the pores of the anodic oxide film, so as to achieve better dyeing effect on the aluminum alloy material.

Step S170: and (3) dyeing the surface of the aluminum alloy material to be treated by using organic dye.

The dye molecules in the organic dye may be filled with Al through the step S170₂O₃In the pores, the surface of the aluminum alloy shows specific color, thereby improving the decoration and corrosion resistance of the material.

Step S180: washing the aluminum alloy material to be treated with deionized water, and then heating the aluminum alloy material to be treated in the deionized water with the temperature of 80-100 ℃ and the pH value of 6-9 for 25-30 min.

And (5) drying the aluminum alloy material treated in the step (S180) to obtain the aluminum alloy material with the surface having the flower-shaped patterns and strong pollution resistance and corrosion resistance.

The amorphous alumina is converted into boehmite-structured hydrated alumina (i.e., Al) by the hydration reaction of step S180₂O₃·H₂O (alooh)), so that the micropores of the anodic oxide film are filled and closed, thereby improving the anti-pollution and anti-corrosion capabilities of the anodic oxide film.

Step S110, step S120, step S160, and step S170 may be omitted. The steps S110 and S120 both belong to a preprocessing step, so that the subsequent processing is more time-saving and efficient, and the processing effect is better; step S170 is to make the surface of the aluminum alloy show a specific color and luster and add decoration; and step S160 is to improve the dyeing effect in step S170.

The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material is applied to manufacturing of the electronic equipment shell. The electronic equipment shell which is treated by the surface treatment method has a corrosion-resistant and pollution-resistant surface with the flower-shaped patterns, and meets the diversified aesthetic requirements of consumers.

The surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy material at least has the following characteristics:

(1) the surface of the aluminum alloy material after chemical polishing is treated by specific acid corrosive liquid, so that the grain boundary with higher free energy is corroded to present a groove, and the surface of the aluminum alloy material is macroscopically represented by a flower-like pattern; and then forming an anodic oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy material with the flower-shaped patterns through anodic oxidation, and then carrying out hole sealing treatment, thereby obtaining the anti-pollution and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy material with the flower-shaped patterns on the surface.

(2) Furthermore, the aluminum alloy material can be dyed before hole sealing, so that the surface of the aluminum alloy can also show a specific color.

(3) By the method, the surface treatment difficulty can be reduced without additionally adding new surface treatment equipment, so that the cost of an enterprise is greatly reduced; meanwhile, the treatment process is simple in process and high in practicability.

The following are specific examples: